Ulmus'Morton Plainsman'
| Ulmus'Morton Plainsman' | |
|---|---|
| Genus | Ulmus |
| Hybrid parentage | U. pumila×U. davidianavar.japonica |
| Cultivar | 'Morton Plainsman' =Vanguard |
| Origin | US |
Ulmus'Morton Plainsman'(selling nameVanguard) is ahybridcultivarraised by theMorton Arboretumfrom a crossing ofSiberian Elm(female parent) and aJapanese Elmgrown from openly pollinated seed donated by theAgriculture CanadaResearch Station atMorden,Manitoba.Tested in the US National Elm Trial coordinated byColorado State University,[1]Vanguardaveraged a survival rate of 78% after 10 years.[1]
Description
[edit]Vanguardhas modest upright growth, increasing in height by an average of 0.8 m in an assessment atU C Davis,[2]with leaves much the same size and colour of theAmerican Elm.[2]However, its performance in the southern United States has not impressed, and it was dismissed, along with its Morton stablematesCommendationandTriumph,as "ugly" byMichael Dirr,Professor of Horticulture at theUniversity of Georgia[3],on account of its "wild" growth and splaying branches.
Pests and diseases
[edit]Although resistant toDutch elm diseasein the US,Vanguardremains very susceptible to pests such as the elm-leaf beetleXanthogaleruca luteola[2] ,[3]Japanese beetle,[4]andcankerworms.
Cultivation
[edit]In trials at theUniversity of Minnesota,Vanguardwas found to have the second highest (afterDanada Charm) incidence of branch breakage occasioned by bark inclusions.[5]However, the tree has a high degree of drought and cold tolerance making it particularly suitable for afforestation in theGreat Plains.[6][7]In artificial freezing tests at the Morton Arboretum[8]theLT50(temp. at which 50% of tissues die) was found to be −40°C.
The tree is currently being evaluated in theNational Elm Trial[4]coordinated byColorado State University.It is not known to have been introduced toAustralasia.
Hybrid cultivars
[edit]Vanguardwas crossed with the hybrid cultivarAccolade;a selection from the resultant seedlings was marketed under the name 'Charisma', later changed to'Morton Glossy' =Triumph.
Accessions
[edit]- North America
- Bartlett Tree Experts, US. Acc. nos. 2001–106, 2001-108
- Brenton Arboretum,US. 5 trees, acquired 2009. Acc. no. not known.
- Chicago Botanic Garden,US. 2 trees, no other details available.
- Dawes Arboretum[5],US. 3 trees, no acc. details available.
- Holden Arboretum,US. Acc. no. 00–127
- Morton Arboretum,US. Acc. nos. 273–97, 4–2004, 156–2005.[9]
- Smith College,US. Acc. no. 36505
- University of IdahoArboretum, US. Two trees. Acc. no. 2000093
- Europe
- Grange Farm Arboretum,Lincolnshire,UK. Acc. no. 1139.
Nurseries
[edit]- North America
- Acorn Farms[6],Galena, Ohio,US.
- Bailey Nurseries[7],St. Paul,Minnesota,US.
- J. Frank Schmidt & Son[8],Boring,Oregon,US.
- Johnson's Nursery[9],Menomonee Falls,Wisconsin,US.
- Sun Valley Garden Centre[10],Eden Prairie,Minnesota, US.
References
[edit]- ^Griffin, J.; et al. (2017)."Ten-Year Performance of the United States National Elm Trial"(PDF).Arboriculture & Urban Forestry.43(3):107–120. International Society of Arboriculture, Atlanta, US.
- ^abMcPherson, G.et al.(2008). National elm trial: Initial report from Northern California.Western Arborist,Fall 2009, 32–36.
- ^"Elm Leaf Beetle Survey".Archived fromthe originalon 2011-07-19.Retrieved17 July2017.
- ^Brady, C., Condra, J., & Potter, D. (2008) Resistance of Landscape-suitable Elm (Ulmus spp.) Cultivars to Japanese Beetle, Leaf Miners, and Gall Makers.2008 Research Report, Nursery & Landscape Program,15–16. University of Kentucky.
- ^Giblin, C. P. & Gillman, J. H. (2006).Elms for the Twin Cities: A Guide for Selection and Maintenance.University of Minnesota.
- ^Santamour, Frank S.; Bentz, Susan E. (May 1995)."Updated Checklist of Elm (Ulmus) Cultivars for use in North America".Journal of Arboriculture.21(3): 122–131.Retrieved20 June2016.
- ^Ware, G. (1992).Morton. Arb. Quarterly28(1): 1–5, 1992.
- ^Shirazi, A. M. & Ware, G. H. (2004).Evaluation of New Elms from China for Cold Hardiness in Northern Latitudes.International Symposium on Asian Plant Diversity & Systematics 2004,Sakura,Japan.
- ^Photographs of Morton ArboretumVanguardelm, Acc. no. 273-97; cirrusimage
External links
[edit]- http://fletcher.ces.state.nc.us/programs/nursery/metria/metria11/warren/elm.htmWarren, K., J. Frank Schmidt & Son Co. (2002).The Status of Elms in the Nursery Industry in 2000.
- http:// mortonarb.org/plantinfo/plantclinic/phc/New-Elms-For-The-Landscape.pdf.Miller, F. (2002).New elms for the landscape and urban forest.