Upali Wijewardene

Upali Wijewardene
උපාලි විජේවර්ධන
Born	(1938-02-17)17 February 1938 Kamburupitiya,Sri Lanka
Disappeared	13 February 1983 (aged 44) Straits of Malacca
Education	Royal College, Colombo
Alma mater	Queens' College, Cambridge
Occupation	Businessman
Known for	Founder of the Upali Group (Kandos Chocolate,Upali AirandUpali Newspapers)
Spouse	Lakmini Ratwatte
Relatives	Wijewardene family

Philip Upali Wijewardene(17 February 1938–13 February 1983:Sinhala:උපාලි විජේවර්ධන) was a Sri Lankanbusiness magnateand entrepreneur. In 1983, Wijewardene had a net worth of US $50 million. He was the founder and chairman of Upali Group, the first multi-national business inSri Lanka.Upali Group has businesses in theUS,UK,Malaysia,Thailand,SingaporeandHong Kong.The Upali Group diversified fromconfectioneryto electronics, automobile manufacturing, publishing, print media, leisure, and aviation. It developed many brands, including Kandos, Delta, Unic,Upali Air,Upali Mazda andUpali Newspapers,which Insight Magazine UK said was achieved "largely through bravado and wit."

Wijewardene was presumed dead on 13 February 1983, when his private Learjet disappeared over theStraits of Malaccasoon after leaving Malaysia en route toColombo.

Early life and family

Upali Wijewardene as a young child.

Wijewardene was born on 17 February 1938, at his paternal grandmother's housein Sri Ramya, Colombo,to Don Walter Tudugalle Wijewardene and Anula Kalyanawathie Wijesinghe. He was the youngest and only son; he had two older sisters, Anoja and Kalyani. TheWijewardene familywas fromKelaniya.His grandfather,MuhandiramDon Phillip Wijeywardene, a timber merchant, founded the family business. Wijewardene lost his father when he was eighteen months old, and was raised by his mother in the family homeSedawatte WalawweinKolonnawa.

The Wijewardene family had made its money by supplying timber for construction in the city ofColombo.They reinvested their profits in various ventures, including real estate, and became influential in local politics. Upali's paternal uncle,Don Richard Wijewardena,was a press baron, and his cousinJ. R. Jayewardenebecame the secondPresident of Sri Lanka,serving from 1978 to 1989.Ray Wijewardene,a cousin, was an engineer, aviator, inventor, and Olympic athlete.His sister Anoja marriedStanley Wijesundera,a professor of chemistryand later the first vice-chancellor of the University of Colombo, while his other sister Kalyani married Dr. G.M. Attygalle.

On November 7, 1975, Wijewardene married Lakmini Ratwatte, daughter of Dr. Seevali Ratwatte, niece ofSirimavo Bandaranaike,and granddaughter ofBarnes Ratwatte Dissawa.Wijewardene moved into a house onThurstan Road,designed byGeoffrey Bawa,which included a helipad for his private helicopter. He also owned acountry house,Sunnycroft Bungalow,inNuwara Eliya.He held the position ofBasnayake Nilame(chief lay custodian) at theKelaniya Raja Maha Vihara,a temple that had been supported by his family.An amateur racing enthusiast, Wijewardene participated in races with his mother's Opel Kapitan at the Katukurunde Races in the early 1960s.

Education

Wijewardene attendedLadies' College, Colombo,along with his two older sisters. Afterwards, he enrolled atRoyal College, Colomboand later attendedSt John's School, Leatherhead.He studied economics atQueens College, Cambridgefrom 1956 to 1959, earning aBAdegree. At Cambridge, he held the position of secretary of theMarshall Society.

Early ventures

On his return to Ceylon in 1959, Wijewardene joined the British manufacturing companyLever Brothersas a management trainee and was assigned the responsibility of overseeing soap processing. However, he left Lever Brothers in 1961 due to a disagreement with the chairman.

Delta toffee

Wijewardene ventured into business by setting up a confectionary company and establishing a candy ball machine on his property on Bloemendaal Road. He later expanded the business and branded it 'Delta Toffee'.

Kandos chocolates

In 1970, after the passing of his maternal uncle, senatorSarath Chandradasa Wijesinghe,Wijewardene assumed control of the 'Ceylon Chocolates Company'. He expanded the 'Kandos chocolates' brand from a domestic to an international market, and with the help of a friend, Ratnam, he cultivated 14,000 acres of cocoa in Malaysia. During the transition of the business, he acquired cocoa plantations, processing plants, and factories in Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand.

Upali Group

Wijewardene founded the Upali Group of Companies in the mid-1960s, consolidating his holdings and forming a conglomerate of companies.

Manufacturing

Wijewardene began soap manufacturing, introducing the brandsCrystalandTingle Sikuru.

Aviation

In the aviation sector, he foundedUpali Airin 1968. Flight operations started in the late 1970s with several aircraft for private, domestic and international flights.

Electronics

He started the Upali Electronic Company in the 1970s, introducing radios, calculators, wall clocks, air-conditioners and television sets. These were assembled locally under the import restrictions of the time.

Automotive

In 1970, Wijewardene founded the Upali Motor Company (UMC), which began assembly ofMazda Capellasunder license in his Homagama plant These cars were known locally as the UMC Mazda or, more colloquially, Upali Mazda. Over 500 units were assembled. In 1978, UMC began the assembly of theFiat 128,known locally as Upali Fiat.

Print media

In 1981, he startedUpali Newspapersand published daily and weekly newspapers, includingDivaina,The IslandandNavaliya.He used his aircraft to deliver newspapers to remote areas such as Anuradhapura and Jaffna.

In February 1981, he published a comic,Chithra Mithra.Within a few months, the magazine reached a circulation of 200,000.The mediainitially described the magazine as "romance, booze, money, travel, dreams, adventure, and wild women," crammed into 16 pages.It expanded into 32 pages, with a different story on every page. Editor Janaka Ratnayake noted that the publication had "many topics—romance, detective, sci-fi, heroes, two pages built around movie stars, and almost a page of pen pals" (1993). All the stories were serialised and in black and white with a "spot" of one additional colour.The comic magazine fell apart after Wijewardene's death and ceased publication in 1986. Ratnayake attributed the magazine's failure to Wijewardene's early demise, the sub-standard printing quality of the paper and competition from other magazines.

In 1980, Wijewardene travelled to Silicon Valley and signed five agreements, including one withMotorola.The construction of chip plants started in 1983. However, with the startSri Lankan civil warand bombing across the country, and some of the engineers assigned to the construction of the plants were killed, and the chip manufacturers left Sri Lanka for Malaysia.

Horse racing

Wijewardene was influential in restarting horse racing at theNuwara Eliya Race Course.He was the chairman of the board of stewards of theSri Lanka Turf Cluband raced in Sri Lanka and England, where his horse "Rasa Penang" won theJersey StakesatRoyal Ascot,ridden by the world-famous jockeyLester Piggott.

In 1980, he won theSingapore Derbyat theBukit Timah Race Courseand thePerak Derbyat thePerak Turf Clubin Malaysia with his horse "Vaaron.". He raced "General Atty" too, who won many races in England. He would fly to the races in his private aircraft, and made it a point to fly fromNewmarket Racecoursein England toNuwara Eliya Racecoursein Sri Lanka to watch his horses and ponies racing.

Government

In 1978, Wijewardene was appointed by PresidentJ. R. Jayewardeneas the first director general of theGreater Colombo Economic Commission(GCEC), which subsequently evolved into theBoard of Investment of Sri Lanka.The Sri Lankan political establishment did not favour his arrival in politics.Wijewardene worked to attract foreign investment to develop local industries in the new open economy. He formedfree trade zonesin Katunayake, Biyagama and Koggala.He set up an organization called 'Ruhunu Udanaya' and worked to create opportunities for young people in Kamburupitiya and the surrounding areas to learn English and computer technology.

Disappearance

Learjet 35A

Wijewardene, a licensed pilot, travelled on a Sri Lankan diplomatic passport as chairman of the GCEC. He owned a private jet, aLearjet 35A, which he had modified with another controller for the rear body.His plane took off from Kuala Lumpur at 8:41 p.m. on 13 February 1983, bound for Colombo. On board with him were his Malaysian lawyer S.M. Ratnam, Upali Group Director Ananda Peli Muhandiram, pilot captain Noel Anandappa (ex-SLAF), co-pilot captain Sydney De Zoysa (former Air Ceylon Captain ), and steward S. Senenakye. Fifteen minutes later, the aircraftdisappeared while flyingover theStraits of Malacca.Extensive search operations by air and naval units of Sri Lanka, India, the United States, the Soviet Union, Australia, Indonesia, and Malaysia failed to locate any evidence of a crash.

A wheel that thought to be part of the disappeared plane was found onPandang Island,leading the authorities to conclude that the plane had suffered a mid-air explosion. Later investigations revealed that the plane manufacturer did not make this wheel.According to K. Godage, former Malaysian High Commissioner, the government of Sri Lanka showed no interest in investigating the disappearance further.Rumours later circulated that Wijewardene was to have been named the minister of finance by presidentJ. R. Jayewardenethe next day, on his return to Colombo.

See also

• List of people who disappeared
• Upali Air
• Upali Newspapers

Further reading

• De Silva, Mervyn(31 March 1983)."Sri Lankan millionaire Upali Wijewardene goes missing in his Learjet, massive search on".India Today.

External links

• Wijewardene House, Colombo, Sri Lanka