Uvular ejective affricate
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(April 2021) |
| Voiceless uvular ejective affricate | |
|---|---|
| qχʼ | |
| Audio sample | |
Theuvular ejective affricateis a type ofconsonantalsound, used in some spokenlanguages.The symbol in theInternational Phonetic Alphabetthat represents this sound is ⟨q͡χʼ⟩. It is found in someNorth American languagesof the Pacific Northwest such asWintuandLillooet,southern African languages such asGǀuiandǂʼAmkoe,and in many of the languages of the Caucasus, especially a number of theDaghestanian languages,though in none of these is there a phonemic distinction between/qχʼ/and/qʼ/,and in many[qχʼ]and[qʼ]are allophones. A number of languages of southern Africa have a sound, commonly transcribed[kχʼ],that may be ambiguous between velar and uvular.
Features[edit]
Features of the uvular ejective affricate:
- Itsmanner of articulationisaffricate,which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
- Itsplace of articulationisuvular,which means it is articulated with the back of thetongue(the dorsum) at theuvula.
- Itsphonationis voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
- It is anoral consonant,which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- It is acentral consonant,which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- Theairstream mechanismisejective(glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping theglottisupward.
Occurrence[edit]
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lilooet | q̓əs | [q͡χʼəs] | 'curly' | |
| Georgian[1] | ყოფა/q'opa | [q͡χʼɔpʰɑ] | 'being/existence' | An allophone of/qʼ/,in free variation with[qʼ],[ʔ],or[χʼ].[1] |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^abShosted, Ryan K.; Chikovani, Vakhtang (2006)."Standard Georgian"(PDF).Journal of the International Phonetic Association.36(2): 255–264.doi:10.1017/S0025100306002659.ISSN1475-3502.
