V. S. Pritchett

V. S. Pritchett CHCBEFRSL
Born	Victor Sawdon Pritchett 16 December 1900 Ipswich,Suffolk,England
Died	20 March 1997(1997-03-20)(aged 96) London,England
Occupation	Writer literary critic
Years active	1928–1997
Relatives	Matt Pritchett(grandson) Georgia Pritchett(granddaughter)

Sir Victor Sawdon PritchettCHCBEFRSL(also known asVSP;16 December 1900 – 20 March 1997) was a British writer andliterary critic.

Pritchett was known particularly for his short stories, collated in a number of volumes. Among his most noteworthy works of short fiction are “The Sailor,”“The Saint,” and “The Camberwell Beauty.”

His non-fiction works include the memoirsA Cab at the Door(1968) andMidnight Oil(1971), and many collections of essays onliterary biographyand criticism.

Biography

Victor Sawdon Pritchett was born inSuffolk,the first of four children of Walter Sawdon Pritchett and Beatrice Helena (néeMartin).His father, a London businessman, relocated toIpswichto establish a newspaper and stationery shop. The business ran into difficulty and his parents were lodging over a toy shop at 41 St Nicholas Street in Ipswich, where Pritchett was born on 16 December 1900. Beatrice had expected a girl, whom she planned to name afterQueen Victoria.Pritchett disliked his first name, having been nearly mauled by a dog named Victor in his youth,hence he always preferred beingstyledby hisinitials"VSP", despite formally becoming "Sir Victor Pritchett" after beingknighted.

Insignia ofMember of the Order of the Companions of Honour

His family moved to Ipswich to be near his mother's sister, who had married money and lived in Warrington Road. Within a year Walter was declared bankrupt, the family moved toWoodford,Essex, then toDerbyand he began selling women's clothing and accessories as a travelling salesman. Pritchett was soon sent with his brother Cyril to live with their paternal grandparents inSedbergh,where the boys attended their first school. Walter's business failures, his casual attitude to credit and his easy deceitfulnessobliged the family to move frequently. The family was reunited, but life was always precarious. They tended to live in London suburbs with members of Beatrice's family, but returned to Ipswich in 1910 to live for a year near Cauldwell Hall Road, trying to evade Walter's creditors. At this time Pritchett attended St John's School. Subsequently, the family moved to East Dulwich and he attendedAlleyn's School,where he first had the urge to be a writer,but when his paternal grandparents came to live with them at age 16, he was forced to leave school to work as a clerk andleather buyerin Bermondsey. At the same time, his father enlisted to work in Hampshire at an aircraft factory to help the war effort. After the Great WarWalter turned his hand toaircraft design,about which he knew nothing, and his later ventures included art needlework, property speculation and faith healing.

The leather work lasted from 1916 until 1920 when he moved to Paris to work as a shop assistant. In 1923 he started writing forThe Christian Science Monitor,which sent him to Ireland and Spain. From 1926 he wrote reviews for thatpaperand for theNew Statesman,later being appointed its literary editor.

Pritchett's first book,Marching Spain(1928), describes a journey across Spain, and his second book,Clare Drummer(1929), is about his experiences in Ireland. While there, he met Evelyn Vigors, whom he later married.

Pritchett published five novels, but he said he did not enjoy writing them. His reputation was established by a collection of short stories,The Spanish Virgin and Other Stories(1932).

Vigors had an affair in the 1930s, and meanwhile Pritchett fell in love with another woman, Dorothy Rudge Roberts.In 1936, he divorced his first wife and married Roberts, with whom he had two children; the marriage survived until Pritchett's death in 1997, although they both had other relationships. Their children include the journalist Oliver Pritchett, whose son is the cartoonistMatt PritchettMBE,and daughter is screenwriterGeorgia Pritchett.

During theSecond World WarPritchett worked for theBBCand theMinistry of Informationwhile continuing to write weekly essays for theNew Statesman.After World War II he wrote extensively and embarked on various positions as auniversity lecturerin the United States:Princeton(1953), theUniversity of California(1962),Columbia UniversityandSmith College.Fluent in French, German and Spanish, he published acclaimed biographies ofHonoré de Balzac(1973),Ivan Turgenev(1977), andAnton Chekhov(1988).

Pritchett was appointed aKnight Bachelorin 1975 for "services to literature" and aMember of the Order of the Companions of Honourin 1993. His other awards includedFRSL(1958),CBE(1968), theHeinemann Award(1969), thePEN Award(1974), theW.H. Smith Literary Award(1990) and theGolden PEN Award(1994).He was President ofPEN International,the worldwide association of writers and the oldest human rights organisation from 1974 until 1976.

Sir V. S. Pritchett died of a stroke in London on 20 March 1997, aged 96.

Bibliography

Short stories

• The Spanish Virgin and Other Stories,1932
• You Make Your Own Life,1938
• It May Never Happen,1945
• Collected Stories,1956
• The Sailor, The Sense of Humour and Other Stories,1956
• When My Girl Comes Home,1961
• The Saint and Other Stories,1966
• Blind Love,1969
• The Camberwell Beauty,1974
• Selected Stories,1978
• On the Edge of the Cliff,1979
• Collected Stories,1982
• More Collected Stories,1983
• A Careless Widow and Other Stories,1989
• Complete Short Stories,1990

Novels

• Clare Drummer,1929
• Shirley Sanz,1932
• Nothing Like Leather,1935
• Dead Man Leading,1937
• Mr Beluncle,1951
• The Key to My Heart,1963

Non-fiction

• Marching Spain,1928
• This England,1938 (editor)
• In My Good Books,1942
• Novels and Stories by Robert Louis Stevenson,1945 (editor)
• Build the Ships,1946
• The Living Novel,1946
• Turnstile One,1948 (editor)
• Why Do I Write?: An Exchange of Views Between Elizabeth Bowen, Graham Greene, and V. S. Pritchett,1948
• Books in General,1953
• The Spanish Temper,1954
• London Perceived,1962 (photographs by Evelyn Hofer)
• Foreign Faces,1964
• New York Proclaimed,1965
• The Working Novelist,1965
• Dublin: A Portrait,1967
• A Cab at the Door,1968
• George Meredith and English Comedy,1970
• Midnight Oil,1971
• Penguin Modern Stories,1971 (with others)
• Balzac,1973
• The Gentle Barbarian: the Life and Work of Turgenev,1977
• The Myth Makers,1979
• The Tale Bearers,1980
• The Oxford Book of Short Stories,1981 (editor)
• The Turn of the Years,1982 (with R. Stone)
• The Other Side of a Frontier,1984
• A Man of Letters,1985
• Chekhov,1988
• At Home and Abroad,1990
• Lasting Impressions,1990
• Complete Collected Essays,1991
• The Pritchett Century,1997

Legacy

TheV. S. Pritchett Memorial Prizewas founded by theRoyal Society of Literatureat the beginning of the new millennium to commemorate the centenary of the birth of "an author widely regarded as the finest English short-story writer of the 20th century, and to preserve a tradition encompassing Pritchett's mastery of narrative".This prize is awarded annually, with up to £2,000 being given for the best unpublished short story of the year.

Perhaps his most prominent literary successor is the contemporary American writerDarin Strauss,who has written widely about Pritchett,and who worked to get Pritchett's 1951 novelMr Beluncleback into print in America, providing a new introduction.

See also

• Honoré de Balzac
• Royal Society of Literature

General sources

• Baldwin, D. (1987).VS Pritchett..
• Epstein, Joseph (March 1993)."The enduring VS Pritchett".The New Criterion..
• Fulford, Robert (2 April 1997)."VS Pritchett".The Globe and Mail.Toronto,CA..
• Serafin, Steven R., ed. (1999).Encyclopedia of World Literature in the 20th Century.Vol. 3..
• Seymour-Smith, Martin;Kimmens, Andrew C (1996).World Authors 1900–1950.Vol. 3..
• Stinson, John J. (1992).VS Pritchett: A Study of the Short Fiction.New York: Twayne Publishers.ISBN9780805783414..
• Treglown, Jeremy(2004).VS Pritchett: A Working Life.London: Chatto & Windus.ISBN0-7011-7322-X..

External links

• Guppy, Shusha;Anthony Weller (Winter 1990)."The Art of Fiction No. 122: V.S. Pritchett".The Paris Review.Winter 1990 (117).
• Power, Chris (22 February 2008)."A brief survey of the short story: VS Pritchett".The Guardian.London.
• Pritchett, Victor Sawdon(Spring 2005),"Blind Love",Narrative Magazine(short story).
• Pritchett, Victor Sawdon,The Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center(Manuscripts Collection),University of Texas.
• "V S Pritchett: A working lifeby Jeremy Treglown ".The Independent.London. 10 October 2004.
• PEN International.
• VS Pritchett Memorial Prize(RSL) – past recipients
• Sir V.S. Pritchettat npg.org.uk
• Hans Koning's take on a review written by V.S. Pritchett (1968)
• Stuart A. Rose Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Book Library,Emory University:V.S. Pritchett collection, 1979-1982