Vyatka horse
 Vyatka stallion | |
| Other names | |
|---|---|
| Country of origin | Russian Federation |
| Traits | |
| Distinguishing features | Female height: 140 cm[1]: 339 Female weight: 400 kg[1]: 339 |
| Notes | |
| Conservation status:FAO(2007): endangered[2]: 99 | |
TheVyatkaorViatka(Russian:Вятская лошадь,vyatskaya loshad) is an endangeredbreedofhorsenative to the former Vyatka region, now theKirov Oblastof theRussian Federation.It is mainly found there and in theUdmurt Republic.[3]It is named for theVyatka River.[4]: 512
History
[edit]
The Vyatka was influenced by the climate and terrain of the Kirov,Udmurtiaand westernPermregions;Estonian horsesandKleppersbrought to northern Russia in the fourteenth century byNovgorodcolonists may have affected its conformation, as may later imports of Estonian horses for mining work in theUral Mountains.[1]: 338 The Vyatka was valued for its endurance, speed and frugality. By the middle of the nineteenth century it was considered the best horse for pullingtroikas;some were exported from the Vyatka region, including toPoland.[1]: 339
In 1917 the breed was virtuallyextinct;some efforts at re-establishment were made after theRussian Revolution.[5]Numbers in the Kirov and Udmurtia were estimated at 2000 in 1980.[1]: 339 In 2003 the known population numbered 560,[3]and in 2007 the Vyatka was on the Endangered List of theFAO.[2]: 99
Characteristics
[edit]The average height at thewithersof Vyatka mares is 140 centimetres (13.3hands;55inches), and the average weight 400 kilograms (880 lb).[3]The usualcoat colorwas originally a stripeddunwithprimitive markings– zebra stripes and adorsal stripe;[4]: 512 it has become more variable, and may also beroan,bay,brown orchestnut,or occasionallyblack.[1]: 339 [4]: 512
References
[edit]- ^abcdefN.G. Dmitriev, L.K. Ernst (1989).Animal genetic resources of the USSR.FAO animal production and health paper 65. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.ISBN9251025827.Archived 13 November 2009. Also availablehere,archived 29 September 2017.
- ^abBarbara Rischkowsky, D. Pilling (eds.) (2007).List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources,annex toThe State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.ISBN9789251057629.Accessed October 2014.
- ^abcBreed data sheet: Vyatskaya/Russian Federation.Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed October 2014.
- ^abcValerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016).Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding(sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI.ISBN9781780647944.
- ^Hendricks, Bonnie L., Anthony A. Dent (2007)International Encyclopedia of Horse BreedsRevised ed. Norman: University of Oklahoma PressISBN978-0-8061-3884-8
