WCC (radio station)
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WCCwas the busiest coast station in the public ship-to-shore radio service for most of the 20th century.
Station history
[edit]In 1914, inventorGuglielmo Marconisought a more permanent solution to his weather-induced radio station woes onCape Cod.This need was made manifest by the damage and destruction wrought by nature at hisoriginal 1903 South Wellfleet location.[1]The erosion and wind damage suffered by Marconi's first Cape Cod station continues to this day. Almost the entirety of the historic station is now long gone over the cliffs onto the beach and into the waters of the Atlantic below.
Marconi realized that a permanent presence would require a more inland and somewhat sheltered location. So it was that Marconi'sMarconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America[2]built his new trans-oceanicreceiver station in Chatham[3]and its companion high power trans-oceanic transmitter station forty miles to the west inMarion, Massachusettsthrough a contract with J.G. White Engineering Corp.
In 1920, the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America sold the Chatham and Marion stations to theRadio Corporation of America.RCA removed all remaining Marconi equipment from the Chatham receiver station and converted it to a public coast station for communications with ships at sea. In 1921 Chatham was licensed under the callsign WCC for communications on 500 kHz, 750 kHz and 1 MHz. In 1922 RCA moved the WCC radio transmitters to the Marion transmitter station to eliminate co-site interference to the sensitive receivers at Chatham. In 1929 WCC Marion began operations on maritime HF frequencies (6, 8, 12, 16 and 22 MHz).
In 1948, the WCC marine radio transmitter equipment was moved from Marion Station to RCA's newly built oceanfront transmitter station on Forest Beach Road inSouth Chatham, Massachusetts.The U.S. Air Force continued to use theAlexanderson alternatorat Marion Station for weather and other broadcasts to its air base inThule,Greenland and other arctic locations through 1957 under the callsign AFA2.
In 1951, RCA sold Marion Station to the U.S. Government and the U.S General Services Administration sold it to a private investor in 1960. Most of the 143 acres that comprised the Marion Station was donated to the Sippican Lands Trust in 1986 and is publicly accessible.Radio Tower Property
In 1988, RCA Global Communications sold the WCC stations to Western Union International, a subsidiary ofMCI Communications,as part of the breakup of RCA. In 1993 WCC became a remotely controlled station, using fiber optic cable to receive signals, transmit signals and issue such commands such as selecting and rotating directional antennas. Even the keying of Morse Code (CW) andRadioteletype(RTTY) was issued remotely at this early date in the public internet's infancy. WCC was operated fromKPH RadioinPoint Reyes, Californiauntil its closing.
In 1999, MCI/Worldcom sold the WCC receiver station in Chatham and the transmitter station on Forest Beach Road in South Chatham — nearly 100 acres in total — to the town of Chatham for a fraction of their value.
TheChatham receiver stationis now theChatham Marconi Maritime Center,and the home ofamateur radio stationWA1WCC, licensed to the WCC Amateur Radio Association. The South Chatham transmitter station is now preserved in its entirely as the Forest Beach Conservation Area by the town of Chatham.[1]
The callsignWCCis now used byGlobe Wirelessby aMarylandstation it operates to transmit automated e-mail-by-radio.
Chatham station was the subject of theMooncusser FilmsdocumentaryChatham Radio: WCC the Untold Story,narrated byWalter Cronkiteand directed byChristopher Seufert.
Historic contacts
[edit]- 1928: communication withRichard E. Byrd's first South Pole expedition
- 1929: communication with theGraf Zeppelinduring world's first around-the-world trip by air
- 1933: sends weather information toCharles Lindbergh
- 1937: possible last communication with theHindenburgprior to explosion
- 1961: communication withSanta Maria(callsign CSAL) during hijacking
See also
[edit]- Marconi Wireless Station Site (South Wellfleet, Massachusetts)— first station site, atCape Cod National Seashore
- Marconi-RCA Wireless Receiving Station— Chatham station site
- Chatham Marconi Maritime Center— the museum now at the Chatham station site
- Coast radio station
- KPH (radio)
- Marconi station(general list)
References
[edit]- ^"History of the Chatham Marconi Site Communication Technology on Cape Cod-- WCC-Chatham Radio".Chatham, MA: Chatham Marconi Maritime Center. Archived fromthe originalon 23 June 2016.Retrieved2 March2014.
- ^"Some History of Marconi in New Jersey".The Guglielmo Marconi Story.Marconi Chapter No. 138 - WA2GM.Retrieved2 March2014.
{{cite web}}:External link in|publisher= - ^Kaye, Glen; Whatley, Mike."Marconi and his South Wellfleet Wireless"(PDF).U.S. National Park Service.Retrieved2 March2014.