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Coordinates:42°20′50.3″N71°4′57.1″W/ 42.347306°N 71.082528°W/42.347306; -71.082528(WWBX)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the radio station in Bangor, Maine, that used the WWBX call sign from 1995 to 2008, seeWBFB.

WWBX
Broadcast areaGreater Boston
Frequency104.1MHz(HD Radio)
BrandingMix 104.1
Programming
Language(s)English
FormatHot adult contemporary
SubchannelsHD2: "WAAF" (Active rock)
Ownership
Owner
History
First air date
May 1958;66 years ago(1958-05)[1]
Former call signs
  • WBCN (1958–2009)
  • WBMX (2009–17)
Call signmeaning
"Boston's Mix"
Technical information[2]
Licensing authority
FCC
Facility ID26897
ClassB
ERP21,000watts
HAAT235 meters (771 ft)
Transmitter coordinates
42°20′50.3″N71°4′57.1″W/ 42.347306°N 71.082528°W/42.347306; -71.082528(WWBX)
Links
Public license information
Webcast
Website

WWBX(104.1FM,Mix 104.1) is aradio stationwith ahot adult contemporaryformat inBoston, Massachusetts.The format started at 98.5FMon February 9, 1991, and moved to 104.1 FM, replacing WBCN on August 12, 2009, to allow for the launch ofWBZ-FMat 98.5 the next day. Its studios are located inBrighton,and its transmitter is on the upper FM mast of thePrudential Tower.

From February 26, 1991, to December 3, 2017, the "Mix" format in Boston used the callsign WBMX. On December 4, 2017, the call letters changed to WWBX, after the call letters were transferred to asister stationin Chicago.[3]

The 104.1 MHz facility went on the air in 1958 asWBCN.Aclassical musicstation in its first ten years on the air, beginning in 1968, WBCN featured arockformat for 41 years. Known as "The Rock of Boston", WBCN became a legend in the rock music industry for breaking many bands, most notablyU2.[4]WBCN was amodern rock/active rockstation that mixed music that has been popular in the modern rock,alternative rockandclassic rockgenres.

WBCN switched to digital only on August 12, 2009, with two digital-only automated streams, one on the HD2 channel of WBZ-FM continuing the modern rock format, the otherFree Form BCN,airing an eclectic mix of rock, related genres, and a lot of new music - essentially the WBCN of 1968 to 1988, brought into the 21st century. The station's battle of the bands' competition, theRock 'n' Roll Rumble,survived the station's demise. WBCN's celebrated local music specialty show, Boston Emissions—along with The Rumble—moved to former sister stationWZLX,now owned byiHeartMedia,in 2009. Boston DJ Anngelle Wood[5]remains the host and music director of both the radio show and The Rumble—these are the last remaining ties to the original 104.1 WBCN programming.[6]

"Free Form BCN" began airing livefreeformshows in September 2009 on WZLX-HD3 and at wbcn. While still digital and largely automated, the online stream was live Monday through Friday during the day. WBCN's first rock program director, Sam Kopper, was Program Director of WBCN Free Form Rock until the channel was discontinued on January 29, 2016.

History

[edit]
WBMX/WWBX has been based out of this studio building inBrighton,shared with CBS' other Boston FM stations (and built for former sister stationWSBKin anantebellumstyle favored by that stations' then-owner,Storer Broadcasting) since 2009. The building also housed WBCN's studios starting in 2005.

WBCN

[edit]

In May 1958, 104.1 FM officially signed on as WBCN, airingclassical music.Thecall signstood for theBoston Concert Network(along with Hartford'sWHCN,New York City'sWNCN,and Providence'sWXCN). One of the on-air personalities at that time wasRon Della Chiesa,who also served as the music host and program director. Della Chiesa is still active in classical music broadcasting onWCRB.In 1965, Nathaniel Johnson was appointed Music Director of WBCN by station program director Don Otto. Johnson remained with the station until 1967, just prior to the changeover from classical toeasy-listening,and then to rock. Johnson then left WBCN to assume a new position atWGBH.[7]

The station slowly began to change to an "underground"progressive rockformat on the night of March 15, 1968. BCN's first rock announcer, "Mississippi Harold Wilson" (Joe Rogers), used the station's first slogan, "The American Revolution" and played the first song "I Feel Free"by the rock groupCream.At first, the new "American Revolution" format was only heard during the late-evening and overnight hours, but in mid-May, the station expanded the rock programming to 24 hours a day. By June 1968, the station's air staff included Mississippi,Peter Wolf(who was just starting with theJ. Geils Band), Tommy Hadges, Jim Parry, Al Perry, and Sam Kopper was joined by Steven "The Seagull" Segal. Segal's arrival was critical to the station's early development since he came in fromLos AngelesandSan Francisco,where he had been mentored by the legendary West Coast DJTom Donahue,who was credited with starting the first underground rock FM station atKMPXthe year before. Segal's West Coast radical radio consciousness infused the early 'BCN. In the summer of 1968, Kopper was made the station's first program director. That fall, Segal and Kopper hiredJ. J. Jacksonas a disc jockey. Twelve years later, JJ would become one of MTV's first VJs. In December 1968, Peter Wolf left to take the J. Geils Band full-time and, introduced to the station by Jim Parry,Charles Laquidarawas hired to take over the 10:00 p.m. to 2:00 a.m. air shift. Between late 1968 and early 1971, as program director, Kopper sought out and hired Norm Winer, recently graduated from Brandeis; Andy Beaubien, recently graduated from URI; and Maxanne Sartori, who came in from her DJ position atKOL-FMin Seattle.

WBCN began supporting non-mainstream investigative reporting and alternative news coverage, including reports from demonstrations and highly produced montage news reports. The news department was initially headed by Norm Winer, who later became program director. For a brief period during that transition, Charles Laquidara, who was acting program director hired Robert "Bo" Burlingham as news director. Bo resigned shortly thereafter when his name appeared on a UPI news wire as one of several people being indicted by then-Attorney General John Mitchell—a charge which was later dropped.Danny Schechterreplaced Bo Burlingham and immediately billed himself as "the News Dissector". Along withAndrew Kopkind,John Scagliotti,Bill Lichtenstein,and Marsha Steinberg, the news department evolved radically, introducing such novel concepts as a show oriented toward prison inmates, health warnings about the hazards of street drugs, a lost pet-finding service called theCat and Dog Report,a travelers' aid service called theTravelers' Friend,live updates on the traffic problems atWoodstock,and by 1970, live-to-air concert broadcasts. WBCN's programming in 1971-72 bore little relationship to theBillboardHot 100or any other conventional programming. Classical music, jazz, or anything else might be played, as long as the skillful DJs could make it work. For the first time, the owners of the station began to make a profit. However, there was always tension between the artistic expression of the DJs, and management's need to run a business, resulting in the unionization of the station with theUnited Electrical Workersin 1971.

Popular legend holds that WBCN was sent a promotional copy ofThe Beatles' unreleasedGet Backalbum and played it on the air before the release of the album was cancelled. The "album" had been compiled out of material the Beatles recorded inLondonin January 1969, the same sessions that would be used to create the Beatles'Let It Bealbumwhich was released in May 1970. While the existence of the promotional album is apocryphal, the truth behind the broadcast, though less dramatic, is equally as fascinating. In late summer of 1969, WBCN somehow obtained a reel-to-reel tape of a reference acetate of a potential album song lineup prepared by Beatles' engineer Glyn Johns on March 10, 1969. WBCN aired the tape on September 22, 1969. Although WBCN was not the only radio station, or even the first station, to air material from theGet Backsessions —WKBWinBuffalowas the first, and the tapes also aired onWEBNinCincinnati,WBAIinNew York City,andKCOKinSt. Louis— WBCN's broadcast of the tapes has been immortalized because it was preserved on a high-quality reel, which spawned several widely circulated Beatles bootlegs.

By 1975, WBCN had gradually evolved from the underground/progressive format of the 1960s to the more mainstreamalbum oriented rockformat popular in the 1970s. Unlike most rock stations of the era, WBCN still allowed a degree of individual DJ control of the music. Their playlist in general was more varied than many of their competitors, there was some focus on local music (also see theWBCN Rock & Roll Rumble), and the station was known nationwide for breaking acts (The Cars,'Til Tuesday,U2) and setting trends.Oedipus(who had the first punk rock show in the country while at MIT's college station,WTBS) was hired first as a DJ in 1977, and then installed as program director in 1981, and helped to breakThe Ramones,The Clash,The Police,and countless punk and new wave bands out of Boston.

In the period around 1975,John Garabedian,now recognized for the nationally syndicated "Open House Party"(which was once heard locally onWXKS-FM), was an afternoon DJ on WBCN.

In 1979, the station was purchased by Hemisphere Broadcasting, who let go several longtime employees who they determined "non-essential." This set off a local controversy in Boston that resulted in the entire airstaff walking off the air striking in protest. During the walkout, WBCN stayed on the air with substitute DJs imported from several out-of-town Hemisphere sister stations. The protest got local media coverage and the attention of several well-known Boston-based music acts, including The Cars,Aerosmith,andBoston,who got behind the protest. When several large advertisers pulled spots, and the union filed a challenge to Hemisphere's license (pointing out that by forcing the staff out on strike, Hemisphere had created a situation where it could not provide the public service it was required to), Hemisphere relented, the fired staffers were rehired and the DJs went back on the air. (It was also rumored that Hemisphere's FCC lawyers had vetoed the course of action advised by Hemisphere's labor lawyers). Charles Laquidara playedSupermanbyThe Kinksback to back for an entire show in celebration.

By the mid-1980s, WBCN had successfully fended off a number of challengers (the hard rocking but tightly formattedWCOZ,Top 40Hitradio WHTT,classic rock WZLX, among others) to become/remain the region's top rock station. Many of the DJs, particularly morning "Big Mattress" hostCharles Laquidara,were now local quasi-celebrities. Laquidara hadBilly Weston the show on a daily basis, as well as Karlos, the first computer-generated (usingDigital Equipment'sDECtalk) on-air personality in radio history. Legendary Boston stripperPrincess Cheyennehosted a Sunday night sex advice show that eventually led to one of her appearances inPlayboy Magazinein April 1986. The station was more commercial and "programmed" by this point, but still retained some of its progressive energy and edge.

By the 1990s, WBCN was at a crossroads. With its audience aging, it risked becoming a classic rock-focused station and losing its currency as an outlet for new music. For a long time, WBCN successfully balanced new and old music (featuring the slogan "Classic to Cutting Edge" ). In the early 1990s, the station began airing the nationally syndicatedHoward Stern Show,but aired it in the evenings on tape delay instead of during morning drive. This allowed them to retain their "Big Mattress" morning show along with its large and loyal audience.

Active rock era

[edit]

In early 1994, WBCN made its first major format adjustment since 1968. The old DJs, station IDs, and classic rock were gutted, replaced by analternative musicformat featuring new, younger jocks. On April 1, 1996, the Stern show was moved to mornings. The station lost some of its longtime listeners (who migrated to the now co-owned WZLX, where former WBCN DJs Laquidara and Carter Alan had gone), but quickly gained credibility among many younger people. Starting in 1997, WBCN started following and participating in the "Monday Night Wars" betweenWWF (WWE)andWCW.This was helmed by WBCN personalities ChaChi Loprete and Cali. The two helped bringWrestleManiato theTD Garden,the "DX Workout" to Boston'sCity Hall Plaza,andStone Cold Steve AustinandVince McMahontoCambridgeSide Galleriawhich saw McMahon being thrown into theCharles River.Following the success of those events, WBCN and Cali began combining rock music and sports entertainment.

In the summer of 1999, WBCN moved its format away from strictly alternative music and more towards anactive rock-leaningmodern rockformat. The station by this time was playing some hard rock andNu metalacts such asGodsmack,Korn,Limp Bizkit,andLinkin Park.By the fall of 2002, certain classic artists, such asAerosmith,Led Zeppelin,andOzzy Osbourne,were added back in the station's playlist rotation.

Much of the station's programming focused on syndicated talk shows (former WAAF personalitiesOpie & AnthonyreplacingDavid Lee Roth,who had previously replacedHoward Sternin morningdrive time). During the autumn months, WBCN became more focused on sports as the station broadcast the games of theNFL'sNew England Patriotsbeginning in 1995.

In early 2006, with the Howard Stern morning drive time show gone due to Stern moving toSirius Satellite Radio,WBCN experienced a plummet inArbitron ratingsthat the station had not observed since the late 1970s and early 1980s, when it fell behind then rock format competitor WCOZ. The station started to air the syndicatedOpie & Anthonyduring the morning drive. WBCN also launchedThe Toucher and Rich Show,a new locally produced comedy-based afternoon drive time show starring Fred Toettcher and Rich Shertenlieb. The duo formerly worked together atAtlantaalternative stationWNNX.

In 2007, the station was nominated for the Top 25 Markets Alternative Station of the Year Award byRadio & Recordsmagazine. Other nominees includedKROQ-FMin Los Angeles,KTBZ-FMin Houston,KITS,in San Francisco,KNDDin Seattle, andWWDCin Washington, D.C.[8]

In December 2008, the station ceased airingOpie & Anthonyin morning drive and movedToucher and Richfrom afternoons.[9]During the following months, industry insiders, local media, and even WBCN's on air staff speculated that, in a matter of time, WBCN could see a format change, especially after theBoston Heraldran an article in the March 30, 2009, issue about WBCN's future, and the station airing aTop 40format for a few hours the following day (April Fool's Day).

From 1995 to 2008, WBCN was the flagship station of thePatriots Rock Radio Network,which broadcast games of the New England Patriots.Gil Santos,formerWBZsports reporter, didplay-by-play,whileGino Cappelletti,former Patriots star, providedcolor commentary.With WBCN's dissolution as an analog station, the Patriots flagship station became WBCN's sister stationWBZ-FMon August 13, 2009.

Digital only

[edit]

On July 14, 2009,CBS Radioannounced that WBCN would sign off the 104.1 MHz frequency the following month.[10][11][12]

WBCN's last four days on analog radio were celebration and retrospective shows highlighting WBCN's history. Bradley Jay (later, he became host of the weekday overnight talk show, "Jay Talking",on AM sister stationWBZ[13]) was the last DJ. The final songs on WBCN wereCream's "I Feel Free,"the first rock song played on WBCN in 1968, andPink Floyd's "Shine On You Crazy Diamond,"followed by a much-used collage of songs with the line" They're really Rockin' in Boston... "and station bits and ID spots used over the years, which then slowed to a halt before the final words were delivered, borrowing the tagline of the lateDarrell Martinie,the Cosmic Muffin: "Over and out." At 12:05 a.m. on August 12, 2009, the station went into a static-like sound, and after a few moments, a voice read the new station identification: "WBMX, WBMX-HD1, Boston" over the "static". The static was broadcast on 104.1 until 2:00 a.m. At that time, "Mix 98.5" officially moved to 104.1, playing "Use Somebody"byKings of Leonas their first song after the move. That song was in heavy rotation on WBCN during the months leading up to CBS Radio's announcement of the station's demise, and continued until the four-day farewell began.

HD Radiosubstations on the FM frequencies changed as well:

  • WBCN's 104.1 analog and HD1 moved to 98.5 (WBZ-FM) HD-2.
  • "WBCN's Free Form 104", moved from 104.1 HD2 to 100.7 (WZLX) HD3 and was renamed "Free Form BCN". It was programmed bySam Kopper,WBCN's first rock program director, and also featured past events from the WBCN archives.
  • "Indie 104.1" on 104.1 HD3 ceased operations.
  • WBMX moved all of its subchannels with it from 98.5 to 104.1: "Mix" on analog and HD1, "The '80s Channel" on HD2, and "The Sky" on HD3.

This was done to make room for an all-sports talkformat at the 98.5 FM frequency, known as "98.5 The Sports Hub" WBZ-FM. WBCN'sToucher and Richmorning show began broadcasting on WBZ-FM on August 14, 2009. WBCN's afternoon DJ Rob Poole, known on air as "Hardy," announced on his final WBCN show that he will co-host a sports-themed show on WBZ-FM on Saturday mornings.

In order to keep the intellectual property of WBCN intact, without another station in Boston making claim to it, CBS Radio parked the WBCN call letters onWFNA,a station located at 1660 AM inCharlotte, North Carolina.The Charlotte station was a semi-satellite ofWFNZ610 AM, known then as "The Franchise", an all sports talk station. The FCC approved the transfer in the spring of 2009. As part of the switch, the WBMX call letters were parked on 1660 AM in Charlotte from July 29, 2009, until WBCN signed off for the last time at 104.1 in Boston on August 12, 2009. On September 14, 2009, WBCN split from WFNZ and became "America's Talk", a conservative-leaning talk station. It returned to sports programming in 2013 as a full-time satellite ofCBS Sports Radio.

WBCN Free Form Rock

[edit]

"WBCN Free Form Rock" (originally "WBCN Free Form 104", then "Free Form BCN" ) was a digital-only radio station broadcasting on the Internet and in the Boston radio market on WZLX 100.7 HD3. The station, programmed by BCN's original 1969 program director, Sam Kopper, began airing in February 2009 as "WBCN Free Form 104", airing, until the demise of the original WBCN, on 104.1 HD2. Since WBCN's change to digital-only, the station was known as "Free Form BCN" and then "WBCN Free Form Rock" by late September 2009. WBCN Free Form Rock was formatted essentially the same as WBCN's 104.1 FM's 1968-88 incarnation (a great deal of rock, rock's related genres, and new music), different from the modern rock format that was carried on 98.5-HD2. "WBCN Free Form Rock" was formatted to play multiple music genres (including rock, jazz, the blues, and country). WBCN Free Form Rock was advertised to be a replica of the original WBCN format circa 1968 to the early 1990s, playing any song it wants, including rock and relative genres. In late 2009, the station begun to increase its DJ'd programming. While it was automated most of the time, it was increasing its live weekdays, and hinting about the potential for more programming as listenership increased. However, on January 29, 2016, "WBCN Free Form Rock" was dropped from WZLX-HD3 and flipped toadult standardsas "The Lounge." On December 19, 2017, the HD3 channel was removed.

End of WBCN

[edit]

On February 2, 2017, CBS announced that they would be selling their radio division toEntercom,whose existing properties in the Boston area included WBCN's long-time rival,WAAF.[14][15]However, the combined company would have to shed some of its Boston stations in order to satisfyFederal Communications CommissionandDepartment of Justicerequirements.[16]On October 10, 2017, CBS disclosed that as part of the process of obtaining regulatory approval of the merger, WBZ-FM would be one of sixteen stations that would be divested by Entercom, along with sister stationsWBZand WZLX, and Entercom stationsWRKOandWKAF,with Entercom retaining WEEI AM and FM, WBMX,WODSand WAAF.[17]On November 1, 2017,Beasley Media Groupannounced that it would tradeWMJXto Entercom, in exchange for WBZ-FM (WBZ, WZLX, WRKO, and WKAF were acquired byiHeartMedia).[18][19][20]The merger was approved on November 9, 2017, and was consummated on November 17. Beasley took complete ownership of the station on December 20, 2017.[21][22]Shortly after the transfer to Beasley was completed, WBCN was replaced with "Hubcast," a replay of segments and podcasts from air personalities from "The Sports Hub."

Mix 104.1

[edit]
For the history of the "Mix" branding in Boston prior to its move to the 104.1 frequency, seeWBZ-FM § WBMX (1991–2009).

On July 14, 2009, CBS Radio announced that WBMX would move from 98.5 FM to 104.1 FM, replacing WBCN; these moves were made to launch asports talkstation,WBZ-FM,at the 98.5 frequency.[23][1]As a result, the station added the "-FM" suffix on July 29, 2009, allowing CBS to temporarily place the WBMX call letters on the former WFNA (1660 AM) inCharlotte, North Carolina;additionally, during "Mix" 's final week on 98.5, it used the WBZ-FM call letters intended for the new station.[23]WBCN's rock format moved to 98.5's HD2 subcarrier. WBCN's programming on 104.1 ended after midnight on August 12, 2009, WBMX then moved to 104.1 two hours later (the WBCN call letters were then transferred tothe Charlotte station), with WBZ-FM launching the next day.[23]The final song "Mix" played on 98.5 was "Move Along"byThe All-American Rejects,[24]while the first song "Mix" played on 104.1 was "Use Somebody"byKings of Leon.[25]

On February 2, 2017, CBS Radio announced it would merge withEntercom(which locally ownedWEEI,WEEI-FM,WRKO,WKAF,andWAAF).[26]WBMX,WODS,and WAAF were retained by Entercom, while sister stationsWBZandWZLX,as well as WKAF and WRKO, were spun off toiHeartMedia(WBZ-FM would be traded toBeasley Broadcast Groupin exchange forWMJX,making WBMX and WMJX sister stations.)[20][19]The merger was approved on November 9, 2017, and was consummated on November 17.[21][22]Entercom applied to move the WBMX callsign totheir sister-owned station in Chicago;[27]104.1 picked up the new callsign WWBX on December 4, 2017.[3]

On Sundays, from 5 a.m. until noon, the station airs "Acoustic Sunrise", featuring acoustic versions of songs from the station's playlist. WWBX is the flagship station of the show, which is aired on several Audacy stations nationwide.[28]

Alumni

[edit]

Awards

[edit]

Mix 104.1 (and the previous Mix 98.5) is one of the most honored radio stations in the country, and has earned more major radio awards than any other hot AC station in history. The station was named "Hot AC Station of The Year" 9 times from 1997 through 2009. Former program director Greg Strassell was named "Hot AC Program Director of The Year" nine times. Long time music director Mike Mullaney earned "Hot AC Music Director Of The Year" five times. In 2010, morning team Karson & Kennedy were named "Hot AC Morning Show of The Year" of 2009 by FMQB magazine.

HD radio subchannels

[edit]
Subchannel Branding Format Notes
1 Mix 104.1 Hot adult contemporary Simulcasts the main analog signal.
2 WAAF Mainstream rock

WWBX-HD1

[edit]

WWBX-HD1 simulcasts the analog signal of WWBX as Mix 104.1.

WWBX-HD2

[edit]

Active rockaccounts for all regular programming on the HD2digital subchannel.Branded as "WAAF", WWBX-HD2 alsosimulcastsover the HD2 digital subchannel ofWEEI-FMand is available online viaAudacy;both subchannels previously simulcast the analog signal ofWAAF (107.3 FM)until that station was divested to theEducational Media Foundationon February 22, 2020.[31]

WWBX-HD3

[edit]

WWBX-HD3 formerly aired "Tomorrow's Hits Today," acontemporary hit radioformat that focused on the very latest hits prior to their ascension to the top of the charts. The HD3 subchannel has since been turned off.[when?]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"The Boston Radio Dial: WBMX(FM)".The Archives @ BostonRadio.org.RetrievedJanuary 14,2012.
  2. ^"Facility Technical Data for WWBX".Licensing and Management System.Federal Communications Commission.
  3. ^ab"WBMX (Mix 104.1)/Boston Morphs Into WWBX".All Access.December 4, 2017.RetrievedDecember 5,2017.
  4. ^Alan, Carter (2013).Radio Free Boston: The Rise and Fall of WBCN.Northeastern.ISBN978-1555537296.
  5. ^"Rock and Roll Rumble « 100.7 WZLX".Archived fromthe originalon November 17, 2017.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
  6. ^"Boston Emissions with Anngelle Wood « 100.7 WZLX".Archived fromthe originalon November 17, 2017.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
  7. ^"National Leader in Sports, News Radio".Entercom Communications.
  8. ^"2007 Industry Achievement Awards".Radio and Records.September 28, 2008. Archived fromthe originalon May 11, 2008.
  9. ^"Blogs | Boston Herald".Archived fromthe originalon July 13, 2018.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
  10. ^"CBS RADIO - Press Center".Archived fromthe originalon September 27, 2011.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
  11. ^"Rock of Boston goes off the air".Universal Hub.
  12. ^Rodman, Sarah (July 14, 2009)."Rock of Boston to cease rocking on the FM dial: WBCN goes digital-only in August".The Boston Globe.RetrievedJuly 14,2009.
  13. ^"Jay Talking 2013 Abstract Foliage Photo Number 1".Boston.cbslocal.copm.October 10, 2013.
  14. ^"CBS Sets Radio Division Merger With Entercom".Variety.February 2, 2017.RetrievedFebruary 2,2017.
  15. ^"CBS and Entercom Are Merging Their Radio Stations".Fortune.RetrievedFebruary 2,2017.
  16. ^Villani, Chris (February 2, 2017)."WEEI parent company buys CBS' Sports Hub, WBZ in massive merger".The Boston Herald.RetrievedApril 29,2017.
  17. ^Venta, Lance (October 10, 2017)."Entercom Narrows Down 16 Stations To Be Divested To Complete CBS Radio Merger".RadioInsight.RetrievedOctober 11,2017.
  18. ^Johnson, Ted (November 1, 2017)."Entercom to Divest 13 Stations in Exchange for Justice Department's Approval of CBS Radio Acquisition".Variety.
  19. ^ab"Entercom Swaps 98.5 The Sports Hub Boston To Beasley For Magic 106.7".Radioinsight.November 2017.RetrievedNovember 7,2021.
  20. ^ab"Entercom Trades Boston & Seattle Spin-Offs To iHeartMedia For Richmond & Chattanooga".Radioinsight.November 2017.RetrievedNovember 7,2021.
  21. ^ab"Entercom Receives FCC Approval for Merger with CBS Radio".Entercom.November 9, 2017.RetrievedNovember 17,2017.
  22. ^abVenta, Lance (November 17, 2017)."Entercom Completes CBS Radio Merger".Radio Insight.RetrievedNovember 17,2017.
  23. ^abc"The Boston Radio Dial: WBZ-FM".The Archives @ BostonRadio.org.RetrievedJanuary 14,2012.
  24. ^"Audio file".Audio.bostonradio.org.RetrievedNovember 7,2021.
  25. ^"Audio file"(MP3).Tophour.RetrievedNovember 7,2021.
  26. ^"CBS Radio To Merge With Entercom".Radioinsight.February 2, 2017.RetrievedNovember 7,2021.
  27. ^Feder, Robert(November 29, 2017)."Robservations: Bruce Dumont retiring broadcast museum".robertfeder.RetrievedDecember 5,2017.
  28. ^"Mix 104.1 Song History".July 7, 2024.
  29. ^abcGilsdorf, Ethan (July 29, 2014)."WBCN: An Oral History".Boston Magazine.RetrievedMarch 31,2019.
  30. ^"RIP Danny Schechter: Media Pioneer Who Covered Apartheid South Africa, Occupy & Kissinger".DemocracyNow.org.New York: Democracy Now!. March 23, 1915.RetrievedMarch 23,2015.
  31. ^"Entercom Sells WAAF Boston To Educational Media Foundation"from Radio Insight (February 18, 2020)

Other sources

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