Women in WWE
Throughout its history, women have served in various onscreen roles in the Americanprofessional wrestling promotionWWE.In the 1990s, WWE (then known as the World Wrestling Federation) introduced the termDivato refer to its female performers, including wrestlers,managers or valets,backstage interviewers, orring announcers.
AtWrestleMania 32in 2016, WWE announced their discontinuation of the "Diva" branding for its female performers, as part of a move to present them in an athletic manner more in line with their male counterparts, rather than in a means based aroundsex appeal.The promotion began to refer to them using the "Superstar" title it uses for male performers, and established a newWWE Women's Championshipto replace theWWE Divas Championship.Subsequently, women's matches were featured more prominently across their programming, which included more frequentmain eventpositions.WrestleMania 35featured a women's match as its main event for the first time in WrestleMania history.
History
[edit]Early history (1980s–1990s)
[edit]In 1983,The Fabulous Moolah,who was theNWA World Women's Championand legal owner of the title, joined the WWF and sold them the rights to the title after they disaffiliated from theNational Wrestling Alliance(NWA) and recognized her as the firstWWF Women's Champion.[1]Additionally, the WWF also recognized Moolah as having been champion ever since first winning the title fromJudy Grablein 1956 and disregarded other reigns or title losses that occurred during the title's existence in the NWA. Thus, The Fabulous Moolah's reign was considered to have lasted 28 years by the promotion.[2]WWF also introduced theWWF Women's Tag Team ChampionshipwithVelvet McIntyreandPrincess Victoriarecognized as the first champions after also defecting from the NWA.
The following year, music artistCyndi Lauperbegan a verbal feud with her manager"Captain" Lou Albano;this brought professional wrestling into mainstream culture in a storyline that became known as the "Rock 'n' Wrestling Connection".When it was finally time for Lauper and Albano to settle their differences in the ring, a match-up was scheduled with Albano's represented wrestler Moolah against the challenge of Lauper's protégé,Wendi Richter.Moolah lost the title atThe Brawl to End It All,broadcast live onMTV.Richter then lost the title toLeilani Kaithe following year, but won it back atWrestleMania Ion March 31, 1985. It was during the Rock 'n' Wrestling Connection that the WWF introduced its first female referee,Rita Chatterton.[3]
In the summer of 1985, the WWF did a storyline where all established managers in the promotion competed to offer their services toRandy Savage.Savage revealed his new manager to beMiss Elizabethon the August 24, 1985, edition ofWWF Prime Time Wrestling.In real life, Savage and Miss Elizabeth were married, but this was not mentioned on television. Miss Elizabeth's first major angle was during Savage's feud withGeorge "The Animal" Steelein 1986. In the angle, Steele fell in love with Miss Elizabeth, angering Savage and leading to a series of grudge matches between him and Steele. She also figured prominently in Savage's 1986 feuds withHulk HoganandRicky "the Dragon" Steamboatand his 1987–1989 feuds with wrestlers such asThe Honky Tonk Man,Andre the Giant,Bad News Brown,Big Boss ManandAkeem.In 1988, Miss Elizabeth was given the title "First Lady of the World Wrestling Federation" due to her being the first woman in World Wrestling Federation history to manage the World Wrestling Federation champion. When Savage—who had formed an alliance with Hogan—turned on Hogan in early 1989, Miss Elizabeth was a major factor, and she eventually sided with Hogan. Meanwhile, Savage became allied with"Sensational" Sherri,who had success as a wrestler from 1987 to 1989 and was phased into a role as an ill-tempered, venomous manager.
Sherri initially debuted on July 24, 1987, by defeating The Fabulous Moolah for the WWF Women's Championship.[4]Renaming herself 'Sensational' Sherri, she reigned as champion for fifteen months before losing it toRockin' Robin;[5][6]after losing several rematches, Martel took a short leave of absence in early 1989 before being repackaged as Savage's manager. Also in 1987Mike McGuirkwas introduced as the first female ring announcer of the promotion, arriving afterJesse Venturareferred her to the WWF.[7]In the fall of 1987, McGuirk provided color commentary for several arena show tapings in the Houston, Texas area, which aired onPrime Time Wrestling.
The firstSurvivor Seriespay-per-view saw the first female elimination match. In February 1989, the WWF Women's Tag Team Championship was deactivated andThe Glamour Girls(Leilani Kai andJudy Martin) were the final title holders.Sapphiredebuted in November 1989 onSaturday Night's Main Event XXVas a 'fan' cheering onDusty Rhodesat ringside in his match against Big Boss Man.[8]Sapphire began to manage Rhodes, who adapted Rhodes' gimmick as she adorned black outfits with yellow polka dots. Sapphire and Rhodes later feuded with Randy Savage and Sensational Sherri and wrestled in a tag team match atWrestleMania VI.[9][10]Rockin' Robin was the last WWF Women's Champion in the late 1980s.
In 1990, Sensational Sherri remained with Randy Savage, while Sapphire worked with Dusty Rhodes. Sapphire later departed from the company in mid-1990. Miss Elizabeth worked primarily with Dusty Rhodes and Sapphire between WrestleMania VI andSummerSlam (1990).Miss Elizabeth returned in 1991 and was a key player in Randy Savage's retirement match withThe Ultimate WarrioratWrestleMania VII;Miss Elizabeth left the company for good in April 1992; shortly after her departure, Savage and Miss Elizabeth divorced in real life. AtWrestleMania IX,Luna Vachondebuted and initially aligned herself withShawn Michaels.Later, she aligned herself withBam Bam Bigelowto feud with Sherri andTatanka.Martel left the company in 1993.
Japanese involvement and Diva beginnings (1993–1997)
[edit]In 1993, the WWF reinstated its Women's Championship, a title that had been vacant since 1990,[11]andMadusa Miceliwas brought in by the company to revive the women's division.[12]She debuted under the ring name Alundra Blayze,[13]because WWF ownerVince McMahondid not want to pay Miceli to use the name Madusa, which she had trademarked.[14]She wrestled in a six-woman tournament to crown a new Women's Champion, and in the finals, she pinnedHeidi Lee Morganon the December 13, 1993, episode ofAll American Wrestlingto win the title.[11]
After the tournament, Miceli asked WWF management to bring in new women for her to wrestle[12]and WWF brought Leilani Kai,[15]Bull Nakano[16]andBertha Faye.[17]Later on as part of a short talent exchange with All Japan Women's Pro Wrestling, various Japanese female wrestlers includingAja Kongdebuted leading to the second elimination match at theSurvivor Series 1995event.[18]In December, due to financial troubles the WWF was having at the time,[19]Blayze was released from her contract and was stripped of the title following her jump back to rival companyWorld Championship Wrestling,and the WWF Women's Championship remained vacant until 1998.[20]
In 1994, WWF signedSunnyas a manager forChris Candido,becoming considered as the first WWF Diva.[21]Between 1996 and 1998, several valets debuted in WWF:Marlena,SableandDebra.Following Blayze's controversial exit from the company, the women's division became inactive during this time. At first, the characters were a continuation of the WWE female manager, but became more sexualized as time progressed. In 1996,Sunnywas awarded as the manager of the year and her immense popularity expanded beyond professional wrestling when she was regarded asAOL's most downloaded woman, solidifying herself as one of the preeminent figures within WWF.[22]In February 1997,Chynajoined WWF as an antithesis to the rest of the women, a masculine bodybuilder whose sexual identity was the subject of early storylines. Sunny, Marlena, Sable, and Debra were further marketed as sex symbols through WWF'sRaw Magazine,which featured monthly spreads of the women in suggestive poses either semi-nude or wearing provocative clothing.
Attitude Era (1997–2002)
[edit]Sable's eclipsed popularity and her feud withMarc Meroand his new manager,Jacqueline[23]led to the reinstatement of the Women's Championship as well as the promotion's hiring of more female wrestlers. Jacqueline won the title and became the first African-American Women's Champion. Meanwhile, Sable's popularity led her to be aPlayboycover girl, although unlike other women, it was written in her contract that she was not allowed to takebumps.[24]In July 1998,Sunnywas released from her contract.[25]
Sable became the first WWF female talent to refer to herself as a "Diva" during the April 19 episode ofRaw Is Warin 1999; the term shortly thereafter became the official title for WWF's female performers. During the August 9, 1999, episode ofRaw Is War,Chyna became the first woman to main event a pro-wrestling prime time show when she defeatedTriple Hand The Undertaker in a triple threat match to become the number one contender for the WWF Championship, the only woman to ever do so. Veteran wrestlers The Fabulous Moolah andMae Youngreturned to WWF, mostly used as comedic roles. AtNo Mercyon October 17, 1999, 76-year-old Moolah defeatedIvoryto win the Women's Championship, becoming the oldest WWF Women's Champion ever. The late 1990s also brought in new women, such as B.B and The Kat, who won the women's championship.[26][27]
In 1999, Chyna became the first woman to win the WWF Intercontinental Championship when she defeated Jeff Jarrett. She would win the title one more time in 2000 when she defeated Val Venis and Trish Stratus in a mixed tag team match. She also became the first woman to participate in aRoyal Rumble match,entering in the 1999 and 2000 editions, as well as participating in the 1999 edition of the King of the Ring tournament. She also was on the cover forPlayboy.According to her manager, Vince McMahon offered Chyna to win the WWF Championship if she rejected the offer.[28]
The year 2000 saw the debuts ofLita,Trish Stratus,andMolly Hollysince the start of February. Lita performedhigher-risk movesthan the divas before her, such asmoonsaultsanddiving hurricanranas.[29]Shortly thereafter, Trish Stratus debuted as an overtly sexualized valet. Also, later that year, Molly Holly was added to the roster. She was a contrast to most of the other Divas as she was given a more wholesomegimmickand more modest ring attire.[30]On the August 21 episode ofRaw Is Wardefending championStephanie McMahon-Helmsleywrestled Lita in the main event.
Finally, the spring of 2001 saw the WWF's purchase of its chief competitors,World Championship Wrestling(WCW) andExtreme Championship Wrestling(ECW), and the consequent entry of former WCW and ECW female talent, such asStacy Keibler,Torrie Wilson,Jazz,andSharmell.WWF Women's Champion Chyna left the WWF towards the end of November due to real-life issues between herself, Triple H, and Stephanie McMahon. In the autumn of 2001, Trish Stratus was trained byFit Finlay,who was the road agent responsible for the women's matches, and drastically improved her in-ring ability. She worked her way up to the top of the division and eventually won the Women's Championship atSurvivor Series.Stratus then entered in a prominent feud with Jazz who debuted at Survivor Series.[31][32]
Ruthless Aggression Era (2002–2008)
[edit]Much of the year of 2002 centered around Trish Stratus and her feuds withJazz,Molly Holly,and a re-debutingVictoriaincluding over the Women's Championship.[33][34][35]In April, while filming a small acting role forDark Angel,Lita suffered a neck injury and was the first female talent to have neck fusion surgery.[29]She was out of action for almost a year and a half.[29]As she rehabilitated, she kept herself visible by co-hostingSunday Night Heaton MTV.[36]
Since May 5, 2002, the women's division saw an expansion including a departure and a return of a former talent when the WWF officially changed its name to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) as the company first began to hire more female talents than ever before, including female winners of the reality television show Tough Enough, which featured contestants aspiring to be professional wrestlers (Nidiain 2001,Linda MilesandJackie Gaydain 2002). Debra departed the company in June along with her then-husbandStone Cold Steve Austin.[37]Sable returned to WWE on the April 3, 2003, episode ofSmackDown!for the first time since controversially departing from the company in late 1999; her first storyline returning to the company for several months was with newPlayboycovergirlTorrie Wilson.The WWE women's division competed in more match-ups previously contested only by men (including for the Women's Championship), such as street fights andhardcorematches. The debutingGail Kimwould go on to become the first woman of Asian descent to have held theWWE Women's Championshipafter winning a battle royal. Numerous Divas competed in contests ranging from "Pillow Fights"and"Bra and Panties"match-ups to" Bikini Contests ", which were based more on the sexual appeal of the women involved. Women's trainerFit Finlaysaid he was embarrassed to explain to the women how to strip during bra and panties match. According to him, "It was degrading to them" and tried to teach them how to wrestle, but WWE told him they do not want women to wrestle like men.[38]
Victoria and Lita competed in the first Women'ssteel cage matchtowards the end of the year on November 24.[39]
WWE eventually re-introduced theDiva Search,in whichChristy Hemmebecame the inaugural winner. In December 2004, Lita and Trish Stratus main-eventedRawfor the Women's Championship, making it the second time in history for female talents to main event one of WWE's main shows. Moreover, Lita became the only female talent to main eventRawon three occasions including winning the Women's Championship.
Since mid-2004 and through various periods over the years until the year of 2011, most of the original female roster departed from the company, most notably in 2006, when Trish Stratus retired atUnforgivenand Lita retired atSurvivor Series.[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]
During this period, several women made their debut, likeMelina,[50]Mickie James,[51][52][53]Beth Phoenix,[54][55]andLayla.[56]
On the March 5, 2007, episode ofRaw,Mickie JamesandMelinacompeted in the firstFalls Count Anywhere matchto be contested between Divas. It was also the first time that the Women's Championship was contested in this type of match. AtVengeance: Night of Championsin 2007,Candice Michellebecame the first woman from the WWE Diva Search contest to become the WWE Women's Champion.[57]In December 2007,Trish Stratus,Lita,Molly Holly,andSunnyreturned to WWE for a one-night special appearance on an episode ofRawdue to the show's 15th anniversary.[58]AtOne Night Stand 2008,Beth Phoenix and Melina competed in the first"I Quit" matchto be contested between Divas.
PG Era and Divas Championship (2008–2012)
[edit]In 2008, WWE entered itsPG Eraand adapted afamily-friendlyformat.[59]WWE distanced itself from the sexual content that was pervasive throughout previous eras.[60]However, the role of women within WWE during this time was criticized because their matches were not as integral to the show as male wrestler's matches were.[59]
In March 2008,Mae Youngbecame the third woman to be inducted into theWWE Hall of Fame.[61]AtThe Great American Bash 2008,Michelle McCooldefeatedNatalyato become the inaugural holder of theWWE Divas Championship,a championship exclusive to the SmackDown brand. In January 2009,Victorialost toMichelle McCoolin her last match, leaving WWE shortly after.[62]AtWrestlemania 25,several female WWE legends includingSunny,Molly Holly,VictoriaandTorrie Wilson,alongside former DivasJoy GiovanniandJackie Gaydamade a one-night return to participate in the 25-Diva Battle Royal, which was won by'Santina' Marella.The match was heavily criticized by several wrestling news outlets for its degrading booking of Divas in WWE.[63][64]During the2009 WWE draft,the championships switched brands after Women's Champion Melina was drafted to the SmackDown brand and Divas ChampionMarysewas drafted to Raw.Beth Phoenixmade history by becoming the second woman to compete at theRoyal Rumbleevent that year and managed to eliminateThe Great Khali.In March 2010,Wendi Richterwas inducted into the Hall of Fame as part of the 2010 class, making her first appearance on the promotion in over 20 years.[65]The Women's Championship wasunifiedwith the Divas Championship atNight of Champions 2010,as then Divas Champion Melina faced then-self-professed co-Women's Champion Michelle McCool (as part ofLayCoolwith Layla) in a lumberjill match, which McCool won. This also made the Women's Championship defunct after 54 years, making Layla the final holder and only woman of Arab descent to have held the championship.[66]During that year,Alicia Foxbecame the first and only African-AmericanWWE Divas Champion.
NXTreplacedECWprogramming in 2010. Originally existing as aseasonal showwhich was presented as a hybrid betweenreality televisionand WWE's scripted live event shows, selected wrestlers from WWE's then-developmental territoryFlorida Championship Wrestling(FCW) participated in a competition to become WWE's next "breakout star". Thethird season,which aired in late 2010, featured only female contestants and was won byKaitlyn.[67]
In April 2011,Sunnywas inducted into theHall of Fame,becoming the fifth woman to receive the honor.[68]
Kharmamade her debut atExtreme Rules 2011by attacking Michelle McCool, and attacked other divas over the next couple weeks onRawandSmackDown,however this was cut short as she was granted a maternity leave due to her real-life pregnancy.[69]2011 saw the departures of Maryse and Michelle McCool, the latter of whom retired from WWE on May 1, after losing to Layla in a Loser Leaves WWE match; Melina, who was released in early August; andGail Kimresigned from the company due to frustration with their lack of focus on the women's division.
AtRoyal Rumble 2012,Kharmareturned and entered the Royal Rumble, becoming the third woman to enter the match.[70]On the April 23, 2012, episode ofRaw,Nikki Belladefeated Beth Phoenix in a lumberjill match for the Divas Championship, ending Phoenix's reign as champion at 204 days.[71][72]Layla returned from her injury on April 29, 2012, atExtreme Rulesand defeated Nikki Bella to become the fifth woman to have held both titles.[73]The Bella Twins' contracts expired the following night, where they were fired by Eve Torres in the storyline.[74][75]
On July 9, 2012, Eve Torres andAJ Leebecame the first Divas to main eventRawsince Trish Stratus and Lita in 2004, in a tag team match alongsideCM PunkandDaniel Bryan.During mid-2012, AJ became involved in various relationship storylines with several male wrestlers such as CM Punk, Daniel Bryan,Kane,John CenaandDolph Ziggler,including a stint as theGeneral ManagerofRaw.The later part of 2012 saw the departures of Kharma, Kelly Kelly, and Beth Phoenix.[76]A month after Phoenix's October departure, WWE published an article on their website claiming that there was a new era for the Divas division.[77]
In the summer of 2012, the WWE hired veteran independent wrestler Sara Amato as a trainer for the women. Under Amato's guidance, catfights and hair-pulling were eliminated and were replaced by strikes, forearms, punches, and kicking just like the male wrestlers were taught to do.[78]
Beginning ofTotal Divas(2013–2015)
[edit]The 20th anniversary ofRawon January 14, 2013, sawKaitlyndefeat Eve Torres for the Divas Championship. Eve departed the company later that night after her contract expired.[79]The Bella Twins returned to WWE on the March 11, 2013, episode ofRaw.[80]Kaitlyn lost her Divas Championship to her former tag team partner AJ Lee onPayback,ending her reign at 153 days. The first in-ring Divas contract signing took place on the July 12, 2013, episode ofSmackDownbetween AJ Lee and Kaitlyn, as part of buildup for a rematch of the Divas Championship atMoney In the Bank.AJ defeated Kaitlyn to retain the title at the event.
In August 2012, WWE ceased operating FCW, its developmental promotion in Tampa, Florida, deactivating FCW titles, and began running all of its developmental events and operations atFull Sail Universityunder the "WWE NXT"banner. In October 2012, WWE hiredRenee Young,and in September 2013, Young made her commentary debut onNXT,making her the first female on-air commentator in the company in over a decade.
In April 2013,Summer Raemade her main roster debut, becoming the first Diva to be called up from the rebrandedNXT.[81]In July 2013, the first season of theTotal Divasreality television show starring WWE Divas premiered.[82]On the August 26 episode ofRaw,AJ Lee cut aworked shootpromoon the cast ofTotal Divas,stemming again, but partially from the controversial issue of what makes a "true" WWE Diva and the theme of the show leading towards a feud between Lee and the cast. At the2013 Slammy Awardsshow, the Diva of the Year award was won byBrieand Nikki Bella. On January 8, 2014, Kaitlyn decided to depart from WWE to pursue other endeavors, losing her last match against her former friend and rival Divas Champion AJ Lee.[83]Later on towards the end of the month, AJ Lee became the longest reigning Divas Champion in history, surpassing Maryse's reign of 216 days.[84]On the March 12 episode ofMain Event,Lee successfully defended the Divas Championship against Natalya, in a match that lasted fourteen minutes—the longest women's championship match since 1987.[85]On the March 24 episode ofRaw,it was announced byVickie Guerrerothat Lee would defend her Divas Championship against the entire Divas roster atWrestleMania XXX,making it the first time the title was defended atWrestleMania.[86]At the event, AJ Lee retained her championship by forcingNaomito submit.[86]
On the post-WrestleMania episode ofRawon April 7, 2014,Paigemade her debut on the main roster and defeated AJ Lee for the Divas Championship ending her record reign at 295 days. At the time, Paige was also the reigning (and first)NXT Women's Champion,having won the belt on June 20, 2013, after defeating Emma in the tournament finals to crown the inaugural champion.[87]With her Divas Championship win, Paige became the first wrestler to simultaneously hold both titles, as well as becoming the youngest Divas Champion in WWE history at the age of 21.[88]Lanaalso made her debut as the manager ofRusev,aiding him his first victory on the main roster againstZack Ryder.Shortly after, the duo adopted aRussophillic,anti-Americangimmick.[89]
Brie Bella entered a storyline with Stephanie McMahon atPayback— as part of her husbandDaniel Bryan's storyline with McMahon — McMahon threatened to fire Bella if, an injured, Bryan did not relinquish theWWE World Heavyweight Championship,which forced Brie to "quit" before slapping McMahon in the face.[90]In mid-June, Vickie Guerrero departed mutually from WWE, after losing to Stephanie McMahon in apudding match.[91]AJ Lee returned after a two-month hiatus, defeating Paige in an impromptu match to regain the Divas Championship as both then traded the championship until atSummerSlam,thenNight of Champions.[92]At SummerSlam, Stephanie McMahon defeated Brie Bella in her first match in ten years, after Nikki Bella attacked her sister.[93]This led to a match between the twins atHell in a Cell,where the loser was forced to become the winner's personal assistant for 30 days, where Nikki defeated Brie.[94]AJ Lee won the Divas Championship for a record-tying third time at Night of Champions against Paige and Nikki Bella.[95]With this win, AJ Lee tied with Eve Torres for the most reigns ever at three.
Nikki Bella received her title match against AJ Lee on November 23 atSurvivor Series,which she won, with Brie's help, to become a two-time Divas Champion.[96]The duo had reconciled at this point.[97][98][99]
Divas Revolution (2015–2016)
[edit]On the February 23, 2015, episode ofRaw,The Bella Twins faced Paige andEmmain a widely criticized match that lasted around 30 seconds. After the match, a hashtag on Twitter trended worldwide for around a day and a half, called #GiveDivasAChance. This hashtag brought attention to various multi-media outlets over the long-tenured controversy over the company's treatment of their women's division, including AJ Lee who publicly criticized Stephanie McMahon over the issue.[100][101]On April 3, five days after Lee and Paige defeated the Bella Twins atWrestleMania 31,[102]WWE announced that Lee decided to retire from in-ring competition and departed from the company.[103]In June, Paige started serving as a judge on the sixth season ofTough Enough,while Renee Young appeared as co-host of the show and Lita served as a coach.[104][105]
On the July 13 episode ofRaw,Nikki Bella claimed that there were no challengers for her championship. As a result, Stephanie McMahon proclaimed a revolution in the women's division and introducedCharlotte,Becky Lynch,and the NXT Women's ChampionSasha Banksas the newest additions to the main roster.[106][107]In the following weeks, a three-way feud began betweenTeam B.A.D.(Naomi,Taminaand Sasha Banks),Team Bella(Alicia Foxand The Bella Twins) and Team PCB (Paige, Charlotte, and Becky Lynch), with the latter team being renamed from Submission Sorority due to links to adult content.[108][109]The three teams faced off atSummerSlamin athree team elimination match,where Becky pinned Brie to win the match for Team PCB.[110]
On July 29, WWE announced that Layla would depart from the company and retire.[111]On the August 31 episode ofRaw,Nikki introduced the Bellatron timer which counted down the remaining time until she surpassed the record for the longest-reigning Divas champion of all time. Charlotte won the firstBeat the Clock Challengefor a title shot.[112][113]Her title match with Nikki was initially advertised forNight of Champions,[114]but instead took place theRawpreceding the pay-per-view, after Charlotte issued a petition, granted later byThe Authority,to face Nikki before she surpassed the record to become the longest-reigning Divas Champion.[115]Charlotte won the match by disqualification when Brie and Nikki switched places and Charlotte pinned Brie. However, since the title could not change hands by disqualification, Nikki retained the championship, and in the process, became the longest-reigning Divas Champion in history, surpassing AJ Lee's previous record of 295 days.[116]Several days later, on September 20 at Night of Champions, Nikki lost the championship to Charlotte, ending her reign at 301 days.[117]Shortly after, Nikki went on a hiatus from television due to a neck injury which would require surgery,[118][119]but returned for one night on December 21, to accept theSlammy AwardforDiva of the Year.[120]
Women's Evolution (2016–present)
[edit]AtWrestleMania 32in April 2016, WWE announced a major re-launch of its women's division: the "Divas" moniker was dropped, with the company now promoting its female talent as "Superstars" as with their male counterparts. Lita made an appearance to unveil a newWWE Women's Championshipbelt; the title, which replaced the WWE Divas Championship, shares its name with the original Women's Championship, but does not share the same title history as the original. WWE acknowledges the original championship as its predecessor. Later in the show, Divas champion Charlotte won the new championship by defeating Lynch and Banks.[121][122][123]
WWE had faced criticism from critics and performers for having portrayed female wrestlers as a source ofsex appeal,rather than showcasing their athletic prowess.[122][124]Stephanie McMahonexplained that the changes were part of a move towardsgender equalitywithin the company by dropping the "derogatory" Divas title, and thereby placing its entire roster on a "level playing field" as "Superstars". In the years that followed the relaunch, the increased prominence of the women's division in WWE programming, events, and reality series had helped to, in turn, attract more female viewers to WWE programming; McMahon stated that "Women love action, but I think they also really love the stories. They love the characters, they love the drama. Women need a reason to watch, more so than men I think, so the more you can get your female audience engaged in the character and in the story, then they care. They care about who's going to win, they care about who's going to lose."[122] It was also at the same time that WWE's hiring policy regarding female talents changed as independent wrestlers (particularly from the likes of Shimmer, Shine and WSU), mixed-martial artists and athletes have gradually been replacing fitness and swimsuit models due to Triple H replacing John Laurinaitis as WWE's Head of Talent.[125]In addition, women began to receive more multi-dimensional characters as well.
In April 2016 at a show in Dubai,Alicia Foxbecame the first female performer in WWE history to appear in front of a live crowd in theMiddle East.[126]After the secondbrand splitand the2016 WWE drafton July 19, 2016, the WWE Women's Championship became exclusive to Raw. TheSmackDown Women's Championshipwas subsequently unveiled during the August 23, 2016, episode ofSmackDown,[127]and won by Becky Lynch in asix-way elimination matchatBacklashthe following month.[128]Throughout 2016, Charlotte Flair (who addedher father'sring surname to her own ring name) and Sasha Banks feuded over the Raw Women's Championship. They main-eventedRawon two occasions that year, they competed in the first women'sHell in a Cellmatch in WWE historythat same year,marking the first time that a women's match had headlined a WWE pay-per-view event.
In 2017 and 2018, WWE also began to promote women'sRoyal Rumble,[129]Money in the Bank,[130]Tables, Ladders, and Chairs,[131]andElimination Chambermatches for the first time. The inaugural winners of these events wereAsuka,Carmella,Asuka once again andAlexa Bliss.[132][133]On January 28, 2017, WWE announced that Nikki Bella would serve as an executive producer forTotal Divasstarting in the second half of the sixth season in April. Nikki would become the first female talent within the company to become a producer of a WWE-related show.[134]On October 22, 2017,Asukamade her main roster debut atTLC,defeatingEmma.[135]Shortly after, WWE announced that Emma andSummer Raewere both released from their respective contracts.[136]On November 20,Paigereturned toRAWafter a year of inactivity, alongside the debutingMandy RoseandSonya Deville,attackingMickie James,Sasha BanksandBayley.[137]That year, WWE also held an inaugural women's tournament, theMae Young Classic,and signedJessika Carras the first woman to be a full-time WWE referee.
Since then, there are generally at least two or more women's matches on RAW, SmackDown and NXT while it is increasingly rare for some episodes not to have a women's match on the show. In addition, promos and fights involving women have gotten more intense and violent compared to the Divas Era.[138]Also, women's storylines began to move away from cattiness and romantic relationships with male wrestlers into more personal feuds as well as animosity between the two wrestlers as they closely begin to mirror men's storylines. On August 26, 2018,Rhea RipleydefeatedToni Stormin theUnited Kingdom Championship Tournamentto win the inauguralNXT UK Women's Championship,which became the top women's championship of theNXT UKbrand.[139]On September 11, 2018,Marysemade her first match in over 7 years, facingBrie Bellain a no contest.[140]On October 8, the returning Brie Bella andNikki Bellaattacked the then-Raw Women's ChampionRonda Rouseyafter defeatingRuby Riott,Liv MorganandSarah Logan,turning heel in the process and setting up a match for WWE Evolution.[141]Hall of FamersTrish StratusandLitaalso made their return to faceMickie JamesandAlexa Blissat the event.[142]In October 2018, WWE hostedEvolution,its first-ever pay-per-view to consist only of women's matches.[143][144]Executive vice president of talent, live events and creativeTriple Hstated that it "was simply the right time for this to happen", countering allegations that the event was a counterbalance for the subsequentCrown Jewelin Saudi Arabia(where WWE had not held women's matches due to the country'swomen's rightspolicies).[145]In December 2018, a newWWE Women's Tag Team Championshipwas unveiled; it was contested for the first time atElimination Chamberin February 2019, and won in a tag team Elimination Chamber match by Sasha Banks andBayley.[146][147][148]
Amid a feud withCharlotte FlairafterSummerSlamin 2018, Lynch began to refer to herself as "The Man" —adopting a persona of a poorly-treated underdog.[149][150]The storyline coincided with a major increase in Lynch's popularity,[151][152][153]and culminated with Lynch defeating the Raw and SmackDown's Women's ChampionsRonda Rouseyand Charlotte Flair in awinner takes alltriple threat matchatWrestleMania 35—marking the first women's main event in WrestleMania history.[154]After 14 years with WWE, veteran wrestler Alicia Fox retired, returning to participate only atRoyal Rumbleevents in the future.[155]AtCrown Jewel,NatalyaandLacey Evanscompeted in WWE's first women's match inSaudi Arabia.[156][157][158]Later that year,Survivor Seriesheld its first ever women's main event featuringRaw Women's ChampionBecky Lynch,SmackDown Women's ChampionBayleyandNXT Women's ChampionShayna Baszler,with the latter winning the match. In 2021,Sasha BanksandBianca Belairbecame the first black women to jointly headlineWrestleMania.[159]
On January 6, 2021 atNXT New Year's Evilthe first everWomen's Dusty Rhodes Tag Team Tournamentwas announced by NXT general managerWilliam Regal[160]and on February 14, 2024 in the tournament finals atNXT TakeOver: Vengeance Daythe tournament was won byRaquel GonzálezandDakota Kaias they defeatedEmber MoonandShotzi Blackheart.[161]On March 10, 2021 after the tournament victory Raquel González and Dakota Kai were awarded the first everNXT Women's Tag Team Championship's by NXT general manager William Regal making them the inaugural championship holders.[162]
During the late year of 2021 the first everWWE Queen's Crown tournamentwas announced, The tournament is afemaleversion of the company'sKing of the Ring tournament.[163]On October 21, 2021,Zelina VegadefeatedDoudropto become the inaugural Queen's Crown atCrown Jewelin Saudi Arabia.[164][165]
Also while the name "Diva" largely fell into disuse, the term was then reused in 2022 for NXT wrestler Quincy Eliott's moniker, "Super Diva".[166]
On June 9, 2023, on an episode ofSmackDown,the WWE Raw Women's Championship was reverted as theWWE Women's Championshipas to when Lita introduced it at WrestleMania 32, and then-current champion Asuka was awarded with a new title belt.[167]On the June 12 episode ofRaw,the WWE Smackdown Women's Championship renamed as theWomen's World Championship,and then-current champion Rhea Ripley was awarded with the new title belt.[168]
On June 23, 2023 theWWE Women's Tag Team Championship'swere unified with theNXT Women's Tag Team Championship'sas Ronda Rousey and Shayna Baszler (WWE Women's Tag Team Champions) defeatedAlba FyreandIsla Dawn(NXT Women's Tag Team Champions) retiring the NXT Women's Tag Team Championship's on a episode ofSmackDown.[169][170]
On July 17, 2023,Chelsea GreenandSonya Devillebecame the first WWE Tough Enough women contestants to win the WWE Women's Tag Team Championships in WWE history.[171]
On April 6, 2024, atNXT Stand & Deliver,NXT general managerAvaannounced the creation of theNXT Women's North American Championship.This is the first-ever secondary women's championship in WWE.[172]On April 7, 2024 atWrestleMania XL,the WWE Queen's Crown tournament was renamed as the WWE Queen of the Ring tournament. The finals of the tournament took place atKing and Queen of the Ringin Saudi Arabia which was won byNia Jax,earning her a title shot at the WWE Women's Championship atSummerSlam.[173][174][175]
On June 9, 2024 atNXT BattlegroundKelani Jordanbecame the inaugural NXT Women's North American Champion as she defeatedSol Ruca,Lash Legend,Fallon Henley,Jaida ParkerandMichinin a 6-WomenLadder match.[176]
On May 1, 2024, WWE Chief Content OfficerPaul "Triple H" Levesqueconfirmed that WWE TV showWWE Speedthat was established April 3, 2024 which air's onTwitterwould also feature women's matches; this led to an official announcement on August 9, 2024, where he announced that the tournament for the first everWWE Speed Women's Championshipwill begin on September 4, 2024.[177][178]The title is a women's version of theWWE Speed Championshipwhich was inauguracely won byRicochet.[179][180]In the tournament final that occurred during theSpeedtapings on October 4, 2024, SmackDown'sCandice LeRaedefeated Raw'sIyo Skyto become the inaugural champion.[181]
Reception
[edit]While Stephanie McMahon credited Triple H and Vince McMahon as the creators of the Women's Revolution,[182]wrestlerGail Kimcountered thatTotal Nonstop Action Wrestlingwas the promotion where the Women's Revolution began.[183]Former WWE wrestlerMaria Kanelliswas critical of how WWE portrays women, stating that it feels more like a "promotional tactic".[184]After being released in 2021, Mickie James said that one WWE executive told her: "Women's wrestling doesn't make money" in response to her push for a second all-female pay-per-view or an all-female branded show.[185]
Promotional pushes
[edit]The popularity of the women of WWE has resulted in various cross-promotions.[186]Various female talent in WWE have posed inPlayboy,others have appeared in commercials for WWE and non-WWE products as well as men's interest magazines.
Women in WWE would participate in annual photoshoots every year, travelling to a foreign destination. The photoshoot would be followed by a magazine, featuring photos from the shoot as well as a television special or video release of highlights from the shoot. The first initial annual photoshoot was in 1999 in Santa Fe, New Mexico, which was promoted through video release by WWE entitledCome Get Some: The Women of the WWF.Debra, Chyna, Sable, Tori, Jacqueline, Terri Runnels, Ivory, Luna Vachon, and Ryan Shamrock were part of the photoshoot and promotional material.
Videography
[edit]Annual photoshoots:
- 1999:Come Get Some: The Women of the WWF
- 2000:Postcard From The Caribbean
- 2001:Divas in Hedonism
- 2002:Tropical PleasureandUndressed
- 2003:Desert Heat
- 2004:South of the Border
- 2005:Viva Las Divas
- 2006:Divas Do New York
- 2007:Los Angeles
- 2008:Summer Skin
Other:
- 1998:Sable Unleashed
- 1999:Chyna & Triple H: It's Our Time
- 2000:Chyna Fitness: More Than Meets the Eye
- 2001:Lita: It Just Feels Right
- 2003:Trish Stratus: 100% Stratusfaction Guaranteed
- 2005:$250,000 Raw Diva Search
- 2014:Stephanie McMahon: Fit Series
- 2018:Then, Now, Forever: The Evolution of WWE's Women's Division
- 2019:Trish & Lita: Best Friends, Better Rivals
Playboy
[edit]Since 1999, seven women in WWE have appeared on the cover ofPlayboy:
- 1999:Sable (2) - April & September
- 2000:Chyna- November
- 2002:Chyna (2) - January
- 2003:Torrie Wilson- March
- 2004:Torrie Wilson (2) and Sable (3) - March
- 2005:Christy Hemme- April
- 2006:Candice Michelle- April
- 2007:Ashley Massaro- April
- 2008:Maria Kanellis- April
Playboyplaymates, such asCarmella DeCesareandKaren McDougalhave also appeared in the 2004 Diva Search contest. Former WWE female talentTaryn Terrelland current female talent Maryse have also posed nude for the magazine. Female talents such as Trish Stratus, Lita, Debra, Sharmell, Stacy Keibler, Michelle McCool, and Melina Perez have said that posing forPlayboymagazine is out of the question for them. Trish Stratus appeared on Canadian sports talk showOff The Recordand said that she did not pose because she wanted to be known as "multiple time Women's Champion Trish Stratus" rather than "the girl who posed inPlayboy".Stratus also claims that she refused the shoot because she says she can still be sexy without taking her clothes off.[187]Lita has said that she did not pose because she felt it was wrong for her as a role model for young girls to pose for the magazine.[188]
Shortly following Maria's pictorial, WWE transitioned to a TV-PG rating and ended its connection toPlayboyas part of the move.
Reality shows
[edit]Diva Search(2003–2007, 2013) andTough Enough(2001–2002, 2011, 2015)
[edit]The Diva Search was an annual competition that occurred every summer. The purpose of theDiva Searchwas to find new women to be wrestlers, interviewers, and/or valets for WWE.
Tough Enoughis a professional wrestling reality television series produced by WWE, wherein participants undergo professional wrestling training and compete for a contract with WWE. Female winners includeNidia,Jackie Gayda,Linda Miles,andSara Lee.The series also featured women who would go on to appear across WWE television, includingMandy Rose,Sonya Deville,Kharma, andChelsea Greenamong others.
Total Divasand spinoffs (2013–present)
[edit]On April 22, 2013, it was announced several Divas would be featured on a newE! Networkreality series titledTotal Divas,following their lives outside of the ring. Natalya, Naomi,Cameron,The Bella Twins (Brieand Nikki), and alsoEva MarieandJoJo Offermanfrom the developmental territoryWWE NXTwere announced as the inaugural cast for the show. The show premiered on July 28, proving to be an instant hit, and was renewed for a second season.[189]Additionally, theE!Network announced on April 18, 2016, that The Bella Twins (Brie and Nikki) would be getting their own spinoff show titledTotal Bellasfollowing the lives of the twins.[190]
On June 13, 2021, Essentially Sports reported thatTotal DivasandTotal Bellashad been cancelled by the E! Network, citing a decline in ratings and lack of interest from those involved.[191]
On January 8, 2018, it was announced that Maryse and her husbandThe Mizwould be getting their own reality television series titledMiz & Mrs.[192]The show premiered on July 24, 2018, on theUSA Network.
On February 26, 2022, it was announced that Carmella andCorey Graveswill be part of a spin-off seriesCorey & Carmellawhich will premiere on WWE's YouTube channel.[193]
Other shows
[edit]Animated versions of the Fabulous Moolah and Wendi Richter were included on aCBSSaturday morning cartoonHulk Hogan's Rock 'n' Wrestling.[194]
In 1996,Sunnywas named asAOL's most downloaded celebrity, thus expanding her popularity outside professional wrestling. She was heavily featured on mainstream TV shows such asMTV'sSingled OutandEntertainment Tonight.[195]
WWE Sunday Dhamaal,an Indian show produced by WWE, aired a special WWE Evolution episode hosted byShenaz Treasuryfocusing on Women in WWE in 2018.[196]
In 2019, WWE announced a reality series forQuibi,Fight Like a Girl,in which Stephanie McMahon paired WWE superstars with a young girl in each episode.[197][198]The series was later moved toThe Roku Channelfollowing the closure of Quibi.[199]
Episodes focusing on heel careers of Sasha Banks and Stephanie McMahon were part of the 2022Peacock original series,WWE EVIL.[200]
The ninth episode ofA&Edocumentary series,WWE Rivals,"Stephanie McMahon vs. Brie Bella", focused on McMahon and Bella's on-screen rivalry.[201]
In November 2022, WWE co-CEO Nick Khan announced during an investors call thatBianca Belairand her husbandMontez Fordwould be the subject of a new reality series that will debut onHuluin 2023.[202]WWE announced on November 2, 2023, that the first eight episodes of the series, now titled "Love & WWE: Bianca & Montez", would be released on Hulu on February 2, 2024.[203]
WWE Network shows
[edit]A behind-the-scenes look at various WWE female superstars and Events was featured in WWE Network's documentary seriesWWE 24.The episodes entitled "Women's Evolution" and "Empowered" focused on the history of women in WWE, while episodes "Becky Lynch: The Man", "The Years of Ronda Rousey", and "Trish Stratus" focused on individual careers of Lynch, Rousey and Stratus respectively.[204][205][206]Another documentary series,WWE 365,aired a special on Alexa Bliss on June 23, 2019.[207]Paige, Charlotte Flair and Sasha Banks specials were part of another WWE Network's documentary seriesWWE Chronicle.[208][209][210]
Several episodes ofTable for 3like "Diva Legends",[211]"Millennium Divas",[212]"Divas Champions Club",[213]"Future Empowered",[214]"Women's Championship Evolution",[215]"Restaurant Riott"[216]and "Ladies' Luncheon"[217]featured current and former WWE female superstars discussing various aspects of their personal and professional life.
Animated version of various female WWE superstars like Sasha Banks, Becky Lynch, Bella Twins, Charlotte Flair, Paige and Stephanie McMahon were included inCamp WWE.[218]
Other media
[edit]Fabulous Moolah and Wendi Richter appeared in two of Cyndi Lauper's music videos, "The Goonies 'R' Good Enough"and"She Bop".[219]
From 1999 to 2000, Sable appeared as a guest star on an episode ofPacific Bluein 1999,[24]and the following year, Chyna appeared as a guest star onMad TVand3rd Rock from the Sunas Janice, a police officer, as well as several Stacker 2 commercials and was a presenter at theMTV Video Music Awards.[220]In November 2001, Trish Stratus, Lita, and Stephanie McMahon appeared as contestants onThe Weakest Link's"WWF Superstars Edition".[221]Lita, Molly Holly, andJacquelineappeared as contestants onFear Factorin February 2002.[222]In February 2, 2002, Lita was a presenter at theMTV Asia Awards 2002,and appeared in a small role onDark Angelon April 6 of that same year.[223]In March 2004, she appeared on an episode ofHeadbangers Ball.[224]
In 2007, Ashley Massaro, Torrie Wilson, Maryse, Brooke, Layla, and Kelly Kelly appeared a music video for music producer and rapperTimbalandfor the track "Throw It on Me".[225]In the same year, Torrie Wilson, Candice Michelle, Michelle McCool, Maria, Layla, and Kristal appeared in an episode of the U.S. reality showProject Runway,in which designers were asked to design in-ring attire for their designated Diva. In 2008, Layla, Mickie James, Kelly Kelly, and Melina appeared in the U.S. reality showCelebrity Fit Club: Boot Campto get the celebrities in shape.
Fighting with My Family,a 2019 film co-produced byWWE Studiosdepicts the WWE career of Paige portrayed byFlorence Pugh.[226]
The Fabulous Moolahwas the subject of the sixth and season finale episode of the professional wrestling documentary seriesDark Side of the Ring.It covered various events of Moolah's life likeRock 'n' Wrestling Connection,The Brawl to End It All,The Original Screwjob,theWrestleMania 34 name controversy,and various other WWE related incidents.[227]
In 2019, the video gameWWE 2K20featured a 2K Showcase named "Four Horsewomen",which chronicled the careers of Bayley, Charlotte Flair, Sasha Banks, and Becky Lynch.[228][229]
Championships and accomplishments
[edit]Pro Wrestling Illustrated
[edit]PWI Female 50 / Women's 100 / Women's 150 / Women's 250
[edit]PWI Year–End Awards
[edit]Year Won | Award | Wrestler |
---|---|---|
1999 | Manager of the Year | Debra |
Woman of the Year | Debra | |
2000[234] | Woman of the Year | Stephanie McMahon |
2001[235] | Woman of the Year | Lita |
2002 | Woman of the Year | Trish Stratus |
2003 | Woman of the Year | Trish Stratus |
2004 | Woman of the Year | Victoria |
2005 | Woman of the Year | Trish Stratus |
2006 | Woman of the Year | Trish Stratus |
2007 | Most Improved Wrestler of the Year | Candice Michelle |
Woman of the Year | Candice Michelle | |
2009[236] | Woman of the Year | Mickie James |
2010 | Woman of the Year | Michelle McCool |
2012 | Woman of the Year | AJ Lee |
2013 | Woman of the Year | AJ Lee |
2014 | Rookie of the Year | Charlotte |
Woman of the Year | AJ Lee | |
2015 | Inspirational Wrestler of the Year | Bayley |
Match of the Year | Bayley vs.Sasha Banks October 8 atNXT TakeOver: Respect | |
Woman of the Year | Sasha Banks | |
2016 | Feud of the Year | Charlotte Flairvs. Sasha Banks |
Rookie of the Year | Nia Jax | |
Woman of the Year | Charlotte Flair | |
2017 | Woman of the Year | Asuka |
2018 | Rookie of the Year | Ronda Rousey |
Woman of the Year | Becky Lynch | |
2019 | Most Popular Wrestler of the Year | Becky Lynch |
Woman of the Year | Becky Lynch | |
2020 | Feud of the Year | Bayley vs. Sasha Banks |
Tag Team of the Year | Golden Role Models (Bayley and Sasha Banks) | |
2022 | Most Improved Wrestler of the Year | Mandy Rose |
Woman of the Year | Bianca Belair | |
2023 | Comeback of the Year | Trinity |
Rookie of the Year | Sol Ruca | |
Faction of the Year | Rhea Ripley (The Judgment Day) | |
Match of the Year | Rhea Ripley vs Charlotte Flair April 1 atWrestleMania 39 | |
Woman of the Year | Rhea Ripley |
Sports Illustrated
[edit]Women's Wrestler of the Year
[edit]Year | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018[237] | Becky Lynch | Charlotte Flair | - | Ronda Rousey | Asuka | Alexa Bliss | Toni Storm | Kairi Sane and Shayna Baszler |
Bianca Belair | - |
2019[238] | - | Charlotte Flair | Shayna Baszler | - | - | Rhea Ripley | Bayley and Sasha Banks |
- | - |
Wrestler of the Year
[edit]Year | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2020[239] | Sasha Banks | Bayley | Io Shirai | |||||||
2021[240] | - | Bianca Belair | - | - | ||||||
2022[241] | ||||||||||
2023[242] | Rhea Ripley | - | Becky Lynch |
Hall of Famers
[edit]The following list shows the femaleWWE Hall of Famers(excluding Warrior Award recipients) and the years that they were inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame.
Number | Year inducted | Inductee |
---|---|---|
1[243] | 1995 | The Fabulous Moolah |
2 | 2006 | Sherri Martel |
3 | 2008 | Mae Young |
4 | 2010 | Wendi Richter |
5 | 2011 | Sunny |
6 | 2013 | Trish Stratus |
7 | 2014 | Lita |
8 | 2015 | Alundra Blayze |
9 | 2016 | Jacqueline |
10 | 2017 | Beth Phoenix |
11 | 2018 | Ivory |
12 | 2019 | Chynaas a member ofD-Generation X |
13 | 2019 | Torrie Wilson |
14 | 2020 | The Bella Twins |
15 | 2021 | Molly Holly |
16 | 2022 | Sharmell |
17[244] | 2023 | Stacy Keibler |
18[245] | 2024 | Bull Nakano |
19[246] | 2024 | Lia Maivia |
Legacy Wing | ||
1 | 2016 | Mildred Burke |
2 | 2017 | June Byers |
3 | Judy Grable | |
4 | 2018 | Cora Combs |
5 | 2019 | Luna Vachon |
6 | 2021 | Ethel Johnson |
Current WWE Women's division
[edit]For Information on WWE's current Women's division seeList of WWE personnelon section's Main Roster;RawWomen's division &SmackDownWomen's division, Nonexclusive for the inactive current WWE Women's division and the Development roster section for theNXT(their rookie) Women's division.
References
[edit]- ^Slagle, Steve (2000)."Hall of Fame Inductee: The Fabulous Moolah".The Ring Chronicle. Archived fromthe originalon May 26, 2011.RetrievedMay 5,2009.
- ^"WWE: Inside WWE > Title History > Women's > 19560918 – Fabulous Moolah".WWE. Archived fromthe originalon May 7, 2007.RetrievedOctober 6,2007.
- ^Defelice, Robert (July 14, 2022)."Rita Chatterton Says Pat Patterson Wanted Wrestlers To Injure Her, Is Open To A Future In Wrestling".Fightful.RetrievedDecember 28,2023.
- ^Ellison, Lillian.First Goddess of the Squared Circle,p.196–197.
- ^"WWE: Inside WWE > Title History > Women's > 19870724 – Sherri Martel".WWE. Archived fromthe originalon March 11, 2014.RetrievedJune 30,2013.
- ^Shields, Brian.Main Event: WWE in the Raging 80s,136–138.
- ^Greenberg, Keith Elliot (2003)."Still Sensational".RAW Magazine.October: 26–29. Archived fromthe originalon December 25, 2008.RetrievedMarch 28,2013.
- ^Cawthon, Graham (2013).the History of Professional Wrestling Vol 1: WWF 1963 - 1989.CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.ISBN978-1492825975.
- ^Shields, Brian and Kevin Sullivan (2009).WWE Encyclopedia.DK/BradyGAMES. p.265.ISBN978-0-7566-4190-0.
- ^Cawthon, Graham (2013).the History of Professional Wrestling Vol 2: WWF 1990 - 1999.CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.ASINB00RWUNSRS.
- ^ab"Alundra Blayze's first reign".World Wrestling Entertainment.Archived fromthe originalon March 19, 2009.RetrievedMarch 22,2009.
- ^abReynolds, R.D. and Blade Braxton (2007).The Wrestlecrap Book of Lists!.ECW Press. pp. 76–77.ISBN978-1-55022-762-8.
- ^"Official Women of Wrestling: Sable 1999 Updates".Archived fromthe originalon May 22, 2006.RetrievedJuly 4,2006.
- ^"Interview Highlights: TNA's Amazing Kong says she doesn't hear crowd in matches, fan of Austin and Rock".Pro Wwrestling Torch. December 3, 2007.Archivedfrom the original on January 27, 2021.RetrievedJanuary 9,2011.
- ^"Wrestlemania X results".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on March 1, 2021.RetrievedJune 21,2013.
- ^"Bull Nakano's first reign".World Wrestling Entertainment.Archived fromthe originalon March 19, 2009.RetrievedMarch 22,2009.
- ^Laroche, Stephen (January 9, 2001)."SLAM! Wrestling Canadian Hall of Fame: Rhonda Sing / Monster Ripper".SLAM! Wrestling. Archived fromthe originalon July 7, 2015.RetrievedAugust 23,2008.
- ^"Survivor Series 1995 results".World Wrestling Entertainment.Archivedfrom the original on October 16, 2020.RetrievedJune 15,2013.
- ^"Where Are They Now? Alundra Blayze".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on February 29, 2012.RetrievedMarch 28,2013.
- ^"Alundra Blayze's third reign".World Wrestling Entertainment.Archived fromthe originalon May 7, 2007.RetrievedMarch 22,2009.
- ^"Former WWE pro wrestler Tammy 'Sunny' Sytch sentenced to 17 years in fatal DUI crash in Florida".Los Angeles Times.November 29, 2023.RetrievedMay 30,2024.
- ^"Sunny".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on August 17, 2023.RetrievedJuly 9,2023.
- ^"Sable's Alumni Profile".World Wrestling Entertainment.Archivedfrom the original on May 20, 2007.RetrievedMay 21,2007.
- ^abOliver, Greg(January 11, 1999)."Sable Looks Beyond Wrestling".Slam Wrestling.Archivedfrom the original on February 5, 2023.RetrievedJune 3,2007.
- ^"Sunny Claims WWE's Support of Her Rehab Treatment Was Done for Political Gain".Bleacher Report.RetrievedMay 31,2024.
- ^Ellison, Lillian.First Goddess of the Squared Circle,pp. 2–7.
- ^"Women's title history: Moolah's reign".WWE.Archived fromthe originalon July 23, 2008.RetrievedMarch 31,2009.
- ^"Chyna rechazó ganar el Campeonato de WWE para aparecer en Playboy".November 30, 2020.Archivedfrom the original on November 30, 2020.RetrievedJanuary 11,2021.
- ^abcBerkowitz, Matt (October 2003)."Lovely Lita".Wrestling Digest. Archived fromthe originalon May 6, 2007.RetrievedJune 6,2007.
- ^Molinaro, John (June 30, 2001)."Molly Holly having a blast in the WWF".Slam Wrestling.Archivedfrom the original on November 26, 2022.RetrievedMay 29,2007.
- ^Anderson, Steve (February 2002)."40 fast facts: Trish Stratus".Wrestling Digest. Archived fromthe originalon August 8, 2007.RetrievedAugust 26,2007.
- ^"Survivor Series 2001 Results".World Wrestling Entertainment.Archived fromthe originalon November 3, 2007.RetrievedJuly 9,2007.
- ^Michael McAvennie (2003). "WWE The Yearbook: 2003 Edition". Pocket Books. p. 28.
- ^Michael McAvennie (2003). "WWE The Yearbook: 2003 Edition". Pocket Books. p. 42.
- ^"WWE: Inside WWE > Title History > Women's > 20020204 – Jazz".WWE. Archived fromthe originalon September 3, 2007.RetrievedAugust 23,2007.
- ^"Trish Stratus".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on June 23, 2016.RetrievedMarch 19,2012.
- ^Stone Cold Steve Austin.The Stone Cold Truth(p.259)
- ^"Fit Finlay says he was embarrassed having to tell WWE Divas how to strip during bra and panties matches".Wrestling News | Wwe and Aew Results, Spoilers, Rumors & Scoops.January 7, 2021.Archivedfrom the original on January 7, 2021.RetrievedJanuary 8,2021.
- ^The Rick (November 25, 2003)."November 24, 2003 RAW Results".Archived fromthe originalon February 2, 2009.RetrievedFebruary 25,2007.
- ^Eck, Kevin (July 9, 2008)."Q&A with Terri Runnels".Baltimore Sun.Archivedfrom the original on April 28, 2016.RetrievedJanuary 5,2009.
- ^Marchant, Christopher (June 30, 2004)."Jacqueline released, Rikishi's WWE status, and Lita angle likely to run for months".Wrestleview.Archivedfrom the original on July 14, 2014.RetrievedJune 28,2013.
- ^Madigan, TJ (August 14, 2004)."Sable released".SLAM! Wrestling.Archived from the original on January 10, 2013.RetrievedJune 28,2013.
{{cite web}}
:CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^Martin, Adam (April 28, 2005)."Jazz Interview: Talks about her WWE release, days in ECW, much more".Wrestleview.Archivedfrom the original on July 14, 2014.RetrievedJune 28,2013.
- ^Allen, Ryan (April 12, 2005)."WWE releases Molly Holly".WrestleView.Archivedfrom the original on December 7, 2008.RetrievedNovember 12,2008.
- ^"WWE releases several Superstars".WWE. July 8, 2005. Archived fromthe originalon August 4, 2008.RetrievedFebruary 16,2008.
- ^Flannagan, Jay (July 22, 2005)."WWE releases former Women's Champion".Wrestleview.Archivedfrom the original on June 16, 2012.RetrievedJune 28,2013.
- ^Waldman, Jon (January 18, 2007)."Axe drops for many WWE stars".SLAM! Wrestling. Archived from the original on July 14, 2012.RetrievedMay 25,2009.
{{cite web}}
:CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^Bill Behrens (November 6, 2008)."WZ Exclusive: Update On Gail Kim In WWE - Wrestlezone".Wrestlezone.Archived fromthe originalon January 8, 2009.
- ^"SmackDown".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on March 1, 2023.RetrievedDecember 9,2021.
- ^"SmackDown! results – April 14, 2005".World Wrestling Entertainment.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2007.RetrievedJune 29,2007.
- ^Ian Hamilton.Wrestling's Sinking Ship: What Happens to an Industry Without Competition(p.222)
- ^"Raw results – October 10, 2005".World Wrestling Entertainment.Archivedfrom the original on November 11, 2007.RetrievedOctober 31,2007.
- ^"Trish Stratus's Alumni Bio".World Wrestling Entertainment.Archivedfrom the original on January 11, 2022.RetrievedOctober 31,2007.
- ^Williams III, Ed (May 8, 2006)."Message sent".World Wrestling Entertainment.Archivedfrom the original on November 3, 2012.RetrievedSeptember 15,2007.
- ^Plummer, Dale (May 9, 2006)."Raw: Spirited crotch chops and a Foley turn".Slam! Sports.Canadian Online Explorer.Archived fromthe originalon July 10, 2015.RetrievedJuly 3,2009.
- ^"Wrestling's historical cards".Pro Wrestling Illustrated Presents: 2007 Wrestling Almanac & Book of Facts.Kappa Publishing Group:121–122. 2007.
- ^Lennie DiFino (June 24, 2007)."Vengeance 2007 Results: Dream come true".WWE. Archived fromthe originalon June 27, 2007.RetrievedJune 24,2007.
- ^"Raw results – December 10, 2007".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on March 4, 2009.RetrievedFebruary 14,2008.
- ^abBeaston, Erik."The Legacy of WWE's 'PG Era' and What Comes Next 12 Years Later".Bleacher Report.Archivedfrom the original on January 10, 2021.RetrievedJanuary 10,2021.
- ^Keating, Christopher (November 18, 2009)."Former Wrestler Takes On Mcmahon".Hartford Courant.Archivedfrom the original on April 21, 2014.RetrievedJanuary 10,2021.
- ^A special look at 2008 WWE Hall of Fame Inductee Mae Young.RetrievedMay 17,2024– via wwe.
- ^"411MANIA".Victoria Discusses How Vince McMahon Responded When She Told Him She Wanted Her Release, Why She Signed With TNA In 2009.RetrievedMay 29,2024.
- ^"WWE Missed Opportunities: Reliving the Miss WrestleMania Diva Battle Royal".Bleacher Report.RetrievedMay 28,2024.
- ^"Worst in the World: The Miss WrestleMania Battle Royal-WrestleMania 25".thewrestlingsection.blogspot.RetrievedMay 28,2024.
- ^"411MANIA".Third Member of the 2010 WWE Hall of Fame Class Announced.RetrievedMay 17,2024.
- ^"Natalya's first reign".WWE. Archived fromthe originalon May 28, 2012.RetrievedNovember 21,2010.
- ^Graser, Marc (February 16, 2010)."WWE's 'ECW' ends run on Syfy".Variety.Archivedfrom the original on November 7, 2012.RetrievedFebruary 16,2010.
- ^Pena, Daniel (March 8, 2011)."Sunny Comments On HOF Announcement, Who Will Induct Her".SEScoops | WWE News, Wrestling Analysis, Event Coverage, Results & Interviews.RetrievedMay 17,2024.
- ^"Wrestling News - Sports Entertainment".SEScoops.Archived fromthe originalon August 20, 2011.
- ^Kharma returns in Royal Rumble Match: Royal Rumble 2012.RetrievedJune 19,2024– via wwe.
- ^Tom Herrera (April 23, 2012)."Raw Results".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on March 3, 2016.RetrievedApril 24,2012.
- ^Stephens, David."Raw: Nikki wins Divas Championship".WWE.Wrestleview. Archived fromthe originalon April 25, 2012.RetrievedApril 23,2012.
- ^"Layla's first reign".WWE.Archived fromthe originalon May 28, 2012.RetrievedApril 29,2012.
- ^"WWE: The Bella Twins fired from WWE".WWE. April 30, 2012.Archivedfrom the original on October 16, 2012.RetrievedNovember 6,2012.
- ^"WWE Announces A 'Firing' On Their Website".WrestlingInc. April 30, 2012.Archivedfrom the original on June 24, 2012.RetrievedNovember 6,2012.
- ^"Kelly Kelly released from WWE".WWE.September 28, 2012.Archivedfrom the original on September 29, 2012.RetrievedSeptember 28,2012.
- ^"The evolution of the Divas division".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on December 29, 2012.RetrievedDecember 12,2012.
- ^"Sasha Banks Says Women in NXT Were Told to" Wrestle Like Divas "".August 13, 2015.Archivedfrom the original on June 2, 2023.RetrievedJune 2,2023.
- ^Caldwell, James."WWE NEWS: Eve releases video message on WWE departure".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on January 18, 2013.RetrievedJanuary 15,2013.
- ^"PWTorch - CALDWELL'S WWE RAW RESULTS 3/11: Complete" virtual-time "coverage of live Raw - WWE recognizes Bearer by incorporating him into Taker-Punk, Lesnar challenges Hunter, no Cena, more".pwtorch.Archivedfrom the original on April 4, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 11,2019.
- ^"WWE releases Emma, Summer Rae and Darren Young".ESPN.October 29, 2017.RetrievedMay 17,2024.
- ^"'Total Divas,' totally not very interesting ".Media Life Magazine.July 26, 2013.Archivedfrom the original on October 21, 2013.RetrievedOctober 21,2013.
- ^"Kaitlyn no longer under contract with WWE".WWE. Archived fromthe originalon January 9, 2014.RetrievedJanuary 8,2014.
- ^"WWE's AJ Lee becomes the longest reigning Divas Champion".FanSided.January 16, 2014.Archivedfrom the original on February 3, 2014.RetrievedJanuary 19,2014.
- ^"AJ Lee vs. Natalya Match on" WWE Main Event "Achieves Milestone".March 15, 2014. Archived fromthe originalon March 18, 2014.RetrievedMarch 17,2014.
- ^abCaldwell, James (April 6, 2014)."WrestleMania 30 PPV Results (Hour 4): Divas Title".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on March 3, 2016.RetrievedApril 14,2014.
- ^James, Justin (July 25, 2013)."James' WWE NXT Results 7/24: First NXT Women's champion crowned & Triple H makes appearance, Overall Reax".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on August 8, 2013.RetrievedJuly 27,2013.
- ^Sean Rueter (April 8, 2014)."NXT Champion Paige debuts on WWE Raw, wins Divas Championship from AJ Lee".Cageside Seats.Archivedfrom the original on April 8, 2014.RetrievedApril 8,2014.
- ^"Zack Ryder vs. Alexander Rusev: photos | WWE".wwe.RetrievedAugust 11,2024.
- ^Asher, Matthew (June 1, 2014)."WWE Payback: The Shield Evolved, Cena stood tall and Brie dropped a bombshell".Slam! Sports.Canadian Online Explorer.Archived fromthe originalon June 26, 2015.RetrievedJune 7,2014.
- ^Caldwell, James (June 23, 2014)."CALDWELL'S WWE RAW RESULTS 6/23: Complete" virtual-time "coverage of live Raw – final MITB PPV hype from D.C., IC Title match, Vickie's farewell, much more".Archivedfrom the original on March 4, 2016.RetrievedJune 24,2014.
- ^Caldwell, James (June 30, 2014)."Caldwell's WWE Raw Results 6/30".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on July 28, 2017.RetrievedJuly 20,2014.
- ^"Caldwell's WWE SummerSlam PPV Results 8/17: Complete" virtual-time "coverage of Cena vs. Lesnar".Pro Wrestling Torch. August 17, 2014.Archivedfrom the original on November 5, 2016.RetrievedAugust 18,2014.
- ^Asher, Matthew (October 26, 2014)."Cena and Rollins survive Cell stipulations".Slam! Sports.Canadian Online Explorer.Archived fromthe originalon October 12, 2017.RetrievedOctober 28,2014.
- ^Caldwell, James (September 21, 2014)."Caldwell's WWE NOC PPV Report 9/21".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on July 28, 2017.RetrievedSeptember 21,2014.
- ^Kapur, Bob (November 24, 2014)."WWE Survivor Series: The Authority feels the Sting of defeat".Slam! Sports.Canadian Online Explorer.Archived fromthe originalon June 27, 2015.RetrievedNovember 24,2014.
- ^Caldwell, James (November 24, 2014)."CALDWELL'S WWE RAW RESULTS 11/24: Complete" virtual-time "coverage of live Raw - S. Series fall-out, Authority's farewell, D-Bryan as GM for the Night, computer virus ends Raw, more".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on November 27, 2014.RetrievedNovember 25,2014.
- ^Parks, Greg (November 28, 2014)."PARKS'S WWE SMACKDOWN REPORT 11/28: Ongoing" virtual time "coverage of Friday show, including Luke Harper vs. Dolph Ziggler in an Intercontinental Title match".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on June 18, 2018.RetrievedNovember 29,2014.
- ^Caldwell, James (December 1, 2014)."CALDWELL'S WWE RAW RESULTS 12/1: Complete" virtual-time "coverage of live Raw - Anonymous GM, TLC hype, more".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on March 4, 2016.RetrievedDecember 2,2014.
- ^Williams, Kari."Independent wrestlers respond to #GiveDivasAChance".Canoe.ca.Archived fromthe originalon September 23, 2015.RetrievedMarch 4,2015.
- ^"Tues. Update: WWE Network celebrates first birthday, #GiveDivasAChance notes, ISIS/MMA connection, and more".f4wonline.Archivedfrom the original on April 2, 2015.RetrievedMarch 4,2015.
- ^Caldwell, James (March 29, 2015)."Caldwell's WM31 PPV Results 3/29".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on March 31, 2015.RetrievedSeptember 4,2015.
- ^"AJ Lee retires from WWE".WWE. April 3, 2015.Archivedfrom the original on April 4, 2015.RetrievedApril 3,2015.
- ^"WWE Tough Enough debut episode: results & recap".f4wonline.June 23, 2015.RetrievedAugust 25,2015.
- ^Varsallone, Jim."Fun evening of action, drama, interviews with 'WWE Tough Enough' at Full Sail University".Miami Herald.Archivedfrom the original on March 5, 2016.RetrievedAugust 25,2015.
- ^Johnson, Mike."Three big debuts on Raw".pwinsider.Archivedfrom the original on September 24, 2015.RetrievedAugust 25,2015.
- ^Caldwell, James (July 13, 2015)."Caldwell's WWE Raw results 7/13: Ongoing" virtual-time "coverage of live Raw - Brock Smash, final Battleground PPV hype, more".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on July 7, 2019.RetrievedJuly 13,2015.
- ^Caldwell, James (August 7, 2015)."WWE news: WWE introduces replacement name for Paige Trio".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on March 22, 2016.RetrievedAugust 7,2015.
- ^Pike, Ryan."WWE SummerSlam 2015: The casual fan's guide to Undertaker vs. Brock Lesnar, Seth Rollins vs. John Cena".f4wonline.RetrievedAugust 25,2015.
- ^Caldwell, James (August 23, 2015)."CALDWELL'S SUMMERSLAM REPORT 8/23: Ongoing" virtual-time "coverage of Lesnar vs. Taker, Title vs. Title, more big matches".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on November 26, 2015.RetrievedAugust 23,2015.
- ^Tello, Craig (July 29, 2015)."Layla retires from WWE".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on July 31, 2015.RetrievedAugust 3,2015.
- ^Hamlin, Jeff."WWE Raw 8/31 live TV results: Sting returns, Dolph Ziggler vs. Rusev".f4wonline.RetrievedSeptember 1,2015.
- ^Martin, Adam."Two new title matches added to Night of Champions on 9/20".WrestleView.Archivedfrom the original on September 30, 2015.RetrievedSeptember 1,2015.
- ^Clapp, Johnn (August 31, 2015)."Divas Champion Nikki Bella vs. Charlotte".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on October 26, 2015.RetrievedAugust 31,2015.
- ^Benigno, Anthony (September 7, 2015)."Charlotte confronted Divas Champion Nikki Bella".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on August 17, 2017.RetrievedSeptember 8,2015.
- ^Caldwell, James (September 14, 2015)."CALDWELL'S WWE RAW RESULTS 9/14: Ongoing" virtual-time "coverage of live Raw - final Night of Champions hype, Sting, two title matches, more on" season premiere "".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on October 5, 2016.RetrievedSeptember 14,2015.
- ^"WWE Night of Champions 2015 results".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on August 17, 2017.RetrievedSeptember 21,2015.
- ^Cohen, Jess (January 25, 2016)."Total Divas Star Nikki Bella to Undergo Neck Surgery: Find Out if She'll Be Returning to the WWE".E! Online.Archivedfrom the original on January 26, 2016.RetrievedJanuary 25,2016.
- ^Benigno, Anthony (January 25, 2016)."Nikki Bella opens up about her neck injury and upcoming surgery".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on January 25, 2016.RetrievedJanuary 25,2016.
- ^Trionfo, Richard (December 21, 2015)."WWE SLAMMYS EDITION RAW REPORT: A LOT OF AWARDS ARE PRESENTED, WE GOT OUR 'STEVE HARVEY' MOMENT, WE GOT OUR 'DAVID SCHULTZ' MOMENT, A STEEL CAGE MATCH, AND MORE".PWInsider.Archivedfrom the original on July 21, 2018.RetrievedDecember 21,2015.
- ^"WWE Women's Championship".wwe.Archivedfrom the original on April 4, 2016.RetrievedApril 5,2016.
- ^abc"Storytelling key to growing WWE's female audience, says McMahon".SportsPro.June 24, 2020.Archivedfrom the original on January 13, 2022.RetrievedJanuary 13,2022.
- ^WWE, Staff (April 3, 2016)."All-new WWE Women's Championship introduced at WrestleMania".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on August 1, 2017.RetrievedApril 4,2016.
- ^Konuwa, Alfred (March 30, 2016)."Is WWE Planning To Rebrand Its Divas Division?".Forbes.Archivedfrom the original on April 4, 2016.RetrievedApril 4,2016.
- ^"Triple H Speaks on How the WWE Has Changed when It Comes to Hiring Female Talent".August 12, 2018.Archivedfrom the original on May 10, 2023.RetrievedMay 10,2023.
- ^Middleton, Marc (April 15, 2016)."Alicia Fox Makes History In Dubai (Photo), WWE NXT Star Vs. TNA World Champion, Bella Twins Video".Wrestling Inc.Archived fromthe originalon January 16, 2021.RetrievedJanuary 13,2021.
- ^Parks, Greg."8/23 WWE SmackDown LIVE – Parks's Complete, Real-Time Report".Pro Wrestling Torch.Archivedfrom the original on September 4, 2016.RetrievedAugust 23,2016.
- ^"9/11 WWE Backlash Results - CALDWELL'S Complete PPV Report".Pro Wrestling Torch.September 12, 2016.Archivedfrom the original on August 18, 2020.RetrievedOctober 12,2022.
- ^Strode, Cory (January 28, 2018)."FULL ROYAL RUMBLE COVERAGE".PWInsider.Archivedfrom the original on December 12, 2020.RetrievedJanuary 28,2018.
- ^Trionfo, Richard (June 18, 2017)."COMPLETE WWE MONEY IN THE BANK PPV COVERAGE: HISTORY IS MADE BY THE WOMEN, TWO DEBUTS, RANDY ORTON WRESTLES IN FRONT OF HIS FATHER, AND THE CHAMPIONS HAVE TO LOOK OVER THEIR SHOULDERS".Pro Wrestling Insider.Archivedfrom the original on July 11, 2018.RetrievedJune 18,2017.
- ^Johnson, Mike (December 16, 2018)."THE MAN VS. THE QUEEN VS. THE EMPRESS, BRYAN VS STYLES, DEAN VS. SETH & MORE: COMPLETE WWE TLC PPV COVERAGE".PWInsider.Archivedfrom the original on December 17, 2018.RetrievedApril 2,2019.
- ^Powell, Jason."WWE Elimination Chamber 2018 live review: Men's and Women's Elimination Chamber matches, Ronda Rousey contract signing, Asuka vs. Nia Jax, Matt Hardy vs. Bray Wyatt, Sheamus and Cesaro vs. Titus O'Neil and Apollo for the Raw Tag Titles".Pro Wrestling Dot Net.Archivedfrom the original on February 26, 2018.RetrievedFebruary 25,2018.
- ^"Raw Women's Champion Alexa Bliss won the first-ever Women's Elimination Chamber Match".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2018.RetrievedMarch 8,2018.
- ^"Nikki Bella IsHonoredto Be an Executive Producer on Total Divas When the Show Returns in April: See What's Ahead! on Total Divas ".E! Online.Archivedfrom the original on January 28, 2017.RetrievedJanuary 29,2017.
- ^"Asuka will make her main roster debut at WWE TLC | WWE".wwe.RetrievedMay 29,2024.
- ^"Emma, Darren Young and Summer Rae released | WWE".wwe.RetrievedMay 29,2024.
- ^Oestriecher, Blake."Paige Returns To WWE Raw And Gives The Women's Division Exactly What It Needs".Forbes.RetrievedMay 29,2024.
- ^"ON THIS DAY: WWE'S WOMEN'S REVOLUTION".Foxsports.RetrievedFebruary 4,2024.
- ^"The first NXT UK Women's Champion to be crowned at NXT UK tapings this weekend in Birmingham".WWE.August 21, 2018.Archivedfrom the original on September 25, 2018.RetrievedAugust 21,2018.
- ^WWE (September 11, 2018).Brie Bella vs. Maryse: SmackDown LIVE, Sept. 11, 2018.RetrievedMay 29,2024– via YouTube.
- ^"Ronda Rousey Double-Crossed and Attacked By Bella Twins On 'Raw'".TMZ.October 9, 2018.RetrievedMay 29,2024.
- ^"Alexa Bliss & Mickie James confronted Trish Stratus & Lita | WWE".wwe.RetrievedMay 29,2024.
- ^Johnson, Mike (October 9, 2018)."LAST WOMAN STANDING MATCH ADDED TO WWE EVOLUTION, UPDATED LINEUP".PWInsider.Archivedfrom the original on October 10, 2018.RetrievedApril 2,2019.
- ^Johnson, Mike (October 28, 2018)."NIKKI BELLA VS. RONDA ROUSEY, LAST WOMAN STANDING, NXT WOMEN'S TITLE & MORE WWE EVOLUTION PPV COVERAGE".PWInsider.Archivedfrom the original on October 29, 2018.RetrievedApril 2,2019.
- ^"WWE announces all-women pay-per-view event, Evolution".ESPN. July 23, 2018.Archivedfrom the original on July 24, 2018.RetrievedJuly 25,2018.
- ^"Mr. McMahon delivered Christmas gifts to the WWE Universe".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on December 26, 2018.RetrievedDecember 25,2018.
- ^"Alexa Bliss unveils the WWE Women's Tag Team Championships on Raw".Adventures in poor taste!.January 14, 2018.Archivedfrom the original on January 15, 2019.RetrievedJanuary 14,2018.
- ^Burdick, Michael (January 14, 2019)."The first-ever Women's Tag Team Champions to be crowned at WWE Elimination Chamber".WWE.Archived fromthe originalon January 16, 2019.RetrievedJanuary 15,2019.
- ^Johnson, Mike (September 16, 2018)."Complete WWE Hell In A Cell PPV Coverage Including Title Changes, A Surprise Return, Two Hell In A Cell Bouts And More".PWInsider.Archived fromthe originalon September 18, 2018.RetrievedSeptember 17,2018.
- ^Trionfo, Richard (September 18, 2018)."WWE Smackdown Report: Becky Celebrates, Almas Versus Styles, A Sad Rusev Day, And More".PWInsider.Archived fromthe originalon September 19, 2018.RetrievedSeptember 19,2018.
- ^Tufayel, Ahmed (November 14, 2018)."WWE's Becky Lynch: Sexuality shouldn't be barrier in wrestling".PinkNews.Archived fromthe originalon December 25, 2018.RetrievedDecember 25,2018.
- ^Schilling, Dave (November 17, 2018)."Becky Lynch: The 'Man' of the WWE's Women's Revolution".MEL Magazine.Archived fromthe originalon December 25, 2018.RetrievedDecember 25,2018.
- ^Sulla-Heffinger, Anthony (December 14, 2018)."Becoming 'The Man': How Becky Lynch ignited wrestling's hottest angle in years".Yahoo Sports.Archived fromthe originalon December 17, 2018.RetrievedDecember 25,2018.
- ^Carapola, Stuart (April 7, 2019)."Complete Wrestlemania 35 Coverage: New Champions Are Crown, Triple H Puts His Career On The Line, Does Kofi Get His Moment, The Women Make History With All The Gold On The Line, And More".PWInsider.Archivedfrom the original on June 6, 2020.RetrievedJanuary 19,2022.
- ^Datson, Andy (October 17, 2019)."Alicia Fox Appears To Have Retired From WWE".WrestleTalk.Archivedfrom the original on January 27, 2022.RetrievedJanuary 31,2022.
- ^Silverstein, Adam; Crosby, Jack (October 31, 2019)."2019 WWE Crown Jewel results, recap, grades: Major world title change among surprising outcomes".CBS Sports.Archivedfrom the original on November 1, 2019.RetrievedNovember 1,2019.
- ^Jones, Elton (October 31, 2019)."WWE Crown Jewel 2019: Reactions & Review".Heavy.Archivedfrom the original on November 1, 2019.RetrievedNovember 1,2019.
- ^Powell, John (October 31, 2019)."The Fiend, WWE women make history at Crown Jewel".Canoe.Archived fromthe originalon November 1, 2019.RetrievedNovember 1,2019.
- ^Jackson, Amanda (April 11, 2021)."WWE stars Bianca Belair and Sasha Banks make history as first Black women to duke it out in WrestleMania main event".CNN.Archivedfrom the original on July 20, 2022.RetrievedJuly 20,2022.
- ^Gibbons, Aidan (January 7, 2021)."WWE NXT Announces First-Ever Women's Dusty Rhodes Tag Team Classic".Cultaholic.RetrievedJuly 18,2024.
- ^Cite error: The named reference
NXTVengeanceDay
was invoked but never defined (see thehelp page). - ^Lambert, Jeremy."NXT Women's Tag Team Titles Made Official; New Champions Crowned".Fightful.RetrievedJuly 18,2024.
- ^MIDDLETOWN, MARC (October 2, 2021)."WWE Announces Queen's Crown And King Of The Ring Tournaments".Wrestlinginc.RetrievedFebruary 3,2024.
- ^Staff, WWE."WWE CROWN JEWEL MATCH RESULTS".WWE.RetrievedFebruary 3,2024.
- ^Staff, Thesmackdownhotel."WWE Queen's Crown Tournament".Thesmackdownhotel.RetrievedFebruary 3,2024.
- ^"Out wrestler 'Super Diva' Quincy Elliott made his WWE NXT debut Tuesday".September 14, 2022.Archivedfrom the original on October 19, 2022.RetrievedOctober 19,2022.
- ^DEFELICE, ROBERT."New WWE Women's Title Given To Asuka; Title Defense Against Charlotte Flair Set For 6/30 SmackDown".Fightful.RetrievedDecember 26,2023.
- ^DEFELICE, ROBERT."Rhea Ripley Crowned Women's World Champion, Given New Title Belt On 6/12 WWE Raw".Fightful.RetrievedDecember 26,2023.
- ^Staff, Featuresofwrestling (June 24, 2023)."Ronda Rousey & Shayna Baszler Become Unified WWE Women's Tag Team Champions".Featuresofwrestling.RetrievedJuly 18,2024.
- ^Staff, Foxsports."Ronda Rousey & Shayna Baszler defeat Alba Fyre & Isla Dawn to claim the title of the new Unified WWE Women's Tag Team Champions | WWE on FOX".Foxsports.RetrievedJuly 18,2024.
- ^G., Joey (September 20, 2023)."Chelsea Green Talks Her History With Sonya Deville, Says She Is Counting Down The Days Until Deville Returns From Injury".Www.wrestlingheadlines.RetrievedDecember 26,2023.
- ^Currier, Joseph (April 6, 2024)."WWE introducing Women's NXT North American Championship".Wrestling Observer.RetrievedApril 6,2024.
- ^TESSIER, COLIN."WWE To Hold 5/24 SmackDown And WWE King And Queen Of The Ring PLE In Saudi Arabia".Fightful.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^Brookhouse, Brent."WWE King and Queen of the Ring card, date, start time, matches, live stream, match card, location, rumors".Cbssports.RetrievedMay 24,2024.
- ^Ruth, Daisy (May 25, 2024)."Results Of WWE's 2024 King Of The Ring Tournament Finals".Wrestling Inc.RetrievedMay 25,2024.
- ^Renshaw, Conor (June 10, 2024)."Kelani Jordan Secures Inaugural NXT Women's North American Title".Itrwrestling.RetrievedJuly 18,2024.
- ^Lambert, Jeremy (May 1, 2024)."Triple H Says Women Will Eventually Compete In WWE Speed Matches".Fightful.Archived fromthe originalon May 1, 2024.RetrievedAugust 10,2024.
- ^Rose, Bryan (August 9, 2024)."WWE Speed Women's Championship tournament to begin next month".Wrestling Observer Figure Four Online.Archived fromthe originalon August 10, 2024.RetrievedAugust 10,2024.
- ^Lambert, Jeremy (April 26, 2024)."Spoiler: First-Ever WWE Speed Champion Crowned".Fightful.RetrievedApril 27,2024.
- ^Lee, Joseph (May 3, 2024)."Ricochet Becomes First-Ever WWE Speed Champion, Special Friday Episode Airs".411Mania.RetrievedMay 3,2024.
- ^Thomas, Jeremy (October 4, 2024)."Spoiler On Inaugural WWE Women's Speed Champion".411Mania.RetrievedOctober 5,2024.
- ^"Stephanie McMahon reveals who she believes created the Women's Evolution - Diva Dirt".diva-dirt.Archived fromthe originalon March 9, 2021.
- ^"Gail Kim Elaborates on Her Claim That TNA Started the Women's Revolution".Archivedfrom the original on May 17, 2021.RetrievedMay 4,2021.
- ^"Maria Kanellis-Bennett says that Stephanie McMahon's advocacy for women's rights feels" promotional "".Diva Dirt.May 3, 2021.Archivedfrom the original on December 9, 2021.RetrievedDecember 9,2021.
- ^"Mickie James Says Vince McMahon Called Her After Heftygate, Pitched All-Women's Brand Before Release".Archivedfrom the original on April 29, 2021.RetrievedMay 4,2021.
- ^The Sports, Giant (December 13, 2022)."Most Beautiful Female Wrestlers in WWE History".The Sports Giant.Archivedfrom the original on December 13, 2022.RetrievedDecember 13,2022.
- ^Tim Baines (November 30, 2003)."Trish hot in, out of ring".Ottawa Sun). Archived fromthe originalon March 10, 2016.RetrievedMarch 19,2007.
- ^Amy Dumas (2004).Lita: A Less Traveled R.O.A.D – The Reality of Lita (p.213).World Wrestling Entertainment.ISBN0-7434-7399-X.
- ^"WWE Divas, Nick Cannon, Jack Osbourne, Ashley Tisdale, Josh Schwartz and More Bring New Series to E!".E! Online.April 22, 2013.Archivedfrom the original on March 1, 2023.RetrievedMay 28,2013.
- ^WWE Staff (April 18, 2016)."'Total Bellas' coming to E!, new 'Total Divas' cast announced ".WWE.WWE.Archivedfrom the original on August 10, 2016.RetrievedApril 18,2016.
- ^"E! Network to Cancel WWE Shows 'Total Bellas' and 'Total Divas' After Almost a Decade".EssentiallySports.June 13, 2021.Archivedfrom the original on October 1, 2022.RetrievedMarch 2,2023.
- ^Ramos, Dino-Ray (January 8, 2018)."WWE 'Miz & Mrs.' Docuseries Set At USA Network".Deadline.Archivedfrom the original on January 9, 2018.RetrievedJanuary 9,2018.
- ^""Corey & Carmella" reality series premieres Monday ".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on May 28, 2023.RetrievedOctober 30,2023.
- ^Oliver, Greg(December 17, 1999)."Rock 'N' Wrestling Cartoon Best Left In The Past".Slam Wrestling.Archivedfrom the original on May 24, 2022.RetrievedMay 5,2009.
- ^MTV's "Singled Out" Featuring WWF's Tammy Lynn Sytch "Sunny" - 1996 - Chris Hardwick,November 30, 2022,retrievedDecember 16,2023
- ^"Shenaz to host all-women WWE show".October 26, 2018.Archivedfrom the original on October 26, 2018.RetrievedSeptember 18,2019.
- ^"Superstars to appear in Quibi's new" Fight Like A Girl "series".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on November 28, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 18,2019.
- ^Petski, Denise (July 10, 2019)."WWE Female Superstars To Headline Quibi Unscripted Series 'Fight Like A Girl'".Deadline.Archivedfrom the original on September 29, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 18,2019.
- ^"WWE's Series 'Fight Like A Girl' To Premiere On Roku Channel Next Week".411Mania.Archivedfrom the original on March 2, 2023.RetrievedMarch 2,2023.
- ^"Peacock Presents First-Ever WWE Original Series 'WWE EVIL' Available to Stream Exclusively on March 24".corporate.wwe.
- ^"Watch WWE Rivals Season 1 Episode 9".A&E.
- ^Chiari, Mike."WWE's Bianca Belair and Montez Ford to Star in New Hulu Series".Bleacher Report.Archivedfrom the original on March 2, 2023.RetrievedMarch 2,2023.
- ^"'Love & WWE: Bianca & Montez' starring Bianca Belair and Montez Ford is coming to Hulu ".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on November 8, 2023.RetrievedNovember 11,2023.
- ^Coulson, Steve (March 17, 2018)."New WWE 24 Airing On WWE Network Monday – Previously Promoted 'Women's Evolution II' Renamed".WWE Network News.Archivedfrom the original on September 8, 2018.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019.
- ^"WWE 24 - Becky Lynch: The Man – This Sunday on WWE Network".Archivedfrom the original on May 19, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019– via wwe.
- ^Coulson, Steve (May 31, 2019)."New WWE 24 Episode Airing on WWE Network Next Week – Revolutionary: The Year of Ronda Rousey".WWE Network News.Archivedfrom the original on November 7, 2020.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019.
- ^Lianos, Konstantinos (June 26, 2019)."WWE star Alexa Bliss lifts lid on concussion she suffered during two Ronda Rousey clashes".Express.co.uk.Archivedfrom the original on October 4, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 15,2019.
- ^"Paige on WWE Chronicle".January 26, 2019.Archivedfrom the original on January 27, 2019.RetrievedJanuary 26,2019.
- ^Coulson, Steve (March 29, 2019)."WWE Chronicle Returning Prior To Wrestlemania To Highlight The Controversial Charlotte Flair".WWE Network News.Archivedfrom the original on September 18, 2020.RetrievedSeptember 15,2019.
- ^"New Sasha Banks Documentary To Premiere Saturday Night On WWE Network".WWE.Archivedfrom the original on September 17, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 15,2019.
- ^"411's WWE Table for 3: Diva Legends Report".411Mania.Archivedfrom the original on November 29, 2020.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019.
- ^"411MANIA".411’s WWE Table for 3: Millennium Divas Report.Archivedfrom the original on November 29, 2020.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019.
- ^"411MANIA".411's WWE Table for 3 Report: Divas Champions Club (Maryse, Eve Torres, and Kelly Kelly).Archivedfrom the original on December 22, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019.
- ^"411MANIA".411's WWE Table for 3 Report: Future Empowered (Trish, Lita, Bliss).Archivedfrom the original on September 9, 2018.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019.
- ^"411MANIA".411's WWE Table for 3: Women's Championship Evolution Report (Nia, Beth Phoenix, Natalya).Archivedfrom the original on September 19, 2018.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019.
- ^"Did Mr. McMahon give The Riott Squad its name?".June 10, 2019.Archivedfrom the original on May 19, 2020.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019– via youtube.
- ^"WWE Table For 3" Ladies' Luncheon "Clip, Stephanie McMahon On Hornswoggle's Book, Steve Austin".Wrestling Inc.September 9, 2019.Archivedfrom the original on May 22, 2020.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019.
- ^Truitt, Brian."Sneak peek: Seth Green imagines kid wrestlers for 'Camp WWE'".USA TODAY.Archivedfrom the original on November 22, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 14,2019.
- ^Ellison, Lillian.First Goddess of the Squared Circle,p.173.
- ^Laurer, Joanie.If They Only Knew,368–369.
- ^Eric Benner (November 16, 2001)."WWF shows strength on The Weakest Link".SLAM! Sports. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012.RetrievedNovember 3,2007.
{{cite web}}
:CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^"Fear Factor Rewind: Episode 215".NBC. February 25, 2002. Archived fromthe originalon October 12, 2007.RetrievedNovember 3,2007.
- ^Scott Keith.Wrestling's One Ring Circus: The Death of the World Wrestling Federation,79.
- ^George Appiah (March 12, 2004)."Let's Get Ready to...Wrestle".TheHillTopOnline. Archived fromthe originalon December 3, 2007.RetrievedNovember 6,2007.
- ^Kara A. Medalis (April 20, 2007)."The Sexiet Women n L.A."Archived fromthe originalon April 22, 2007.RetrievedApril 21,2007.
- ^Keegan, Rebecca (February 4, 2019).""We Wanted a Studio to Buy Into It, And No One Did": Why Dwayne Johnson Went Indie for His New Movie ".The Hollywood Reporter.Archivedfrom the original on February 4, 2019.RetrievedFebruary 5,2019.
- ^"Why Is Pro-Wrestler The Fabulous Moolah So Controversial? The 'Pimping' Accusations, Explained".Oxygen Official Site.May 15, 2019.Archivedfrom the original on July 15, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 15,2019.
- ^"WWE's Four Horsewomen Will Star in WWE 2K20's Showcase Mode".WWG.Archivedfrom the original on August 6, 2019.RetrievedAugust 21,2019.
- ^Mazique, Brian."'WWE 2K20' Release Date And Features: Women's Evolution Showcase Matches And More Details Revealed About New Mode ".Forbes.Archivedfrom the original on September 14, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 14,2019.
- ^"Pro Wrestling Illustrated (PWI) Female 50 for 2008–2017".Cagematch.net.Internet Wrestling Database.Archivedfrom the original on November 2, 2022.
- ^"PWI Top 100 Females (2018–2021)".Cagematch.net / The Internet Wrestling Database.Archivedfrom the original on April 6, 2022.RetrievedAugust 28,2022.
- ^Ross, Patrick (October 27, 2022)."Full 2022 PWI Women's 150 list revealed".Aiptcomics.Archivedfrom the original on October 28, 2022.RetrievedOctober 27,2022.
- ^Ross, Patrick (October 19, 2023)."Full 2023 PWI Women's 250 list revealed".Aiptcomics.Archived fromthe originalon October 19, 2023.RetrievedOctober 23,2023.
- ^"PWI ACHIEVEMENT AWARD WINNERS".pwi-online.Archived fromthe originalon January 21, 2016.RetrievedApril 10,2023.
- ^"Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Woman of the Year".Www.100megsfree4.Archived from the original on November 13, 2007.RetrievedApril 14,2023.
{{cite web}}
:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^"Mickie James".Www.ewrestlingnews.Archivedfrom the original on December 2, 2021.RetrievedJanuary 6,2022.
- ^December 28, 2018, Justin Barrasso (December 28, 2018)."Counting down the top 10 women's wrestlers of 2018".SI.Archivedfrom the original on January 3, 2019.RetrievedFebruary 17,2019.
{{cite web}}
:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^Barrasso, Justin (December 31, 2019)."The Top 10 Women Wrestlers of 2019".SI.Archivedfrom the original on January 1, 2020.RetrievedDecember 31,2019.
- ^Barrasso, Justin."The Top 10 Wrestlers of 2020".Sports Illustrated.Archivedfrom the original on April 28, 2021.RetrievedJanuary 8,2021.
- ^Barrasso, Justin."The Top 10 Wrestlers of 2021".Sports Illustrated.Archivedfrom the original on January 18, 2022.RetrievedFebruary 2,2022.
- ^Barrasso, Justin (December 28, 2022)."Ranking the Top 10 Wrestlers of 2022".Sports Illustrated.Archivedfrom the original on December 29, 2022.RetrievedDecember 30,2022.
- ^Barrasso, Justin (December 31, 2023)."Ranking The Top 10 Wrestlers of 2023".Sports Illustrated.Archivedfrom the original on January 1, 2024.RetrievedJanuary 1,2024.
- ^LEALOS, SHAWN S. (March 23, 2020)."WWE Hall of Fame: Every Female Inductee, Ranked".Thesportster.Archivedfrom the original on December 22, 2022.RetrievedDecember 22,2022.
- ^Miller, Gregory."Stacy Keibler announced for WWE Hall of Fame, Class of 2023".Www.wwe.Archivedfrom the original on March 27, 2023.RetrievedMarch 27,2023.
- ^VARBLE, AARON (March 6, 2024)."WWE Hall of Fame 2024: Bull Nakano Joining This Year's Class".Sescoops.RetrievedMarch 6,2024.
- ^Ruth, Sondra (March 13, 2024)."The Rock's Grandmother Lia Maivia To Join WWE Hall Of Fame Class Of 2024".Itwrestling.RetrievedMarch 14,2024.
Bibliography
[edit]- Olson, Cristopher; Reinhard, Carrie Lynn D. (2021). "Wrestling with Eating Disorders: Transmedia Depictions of Body Issues in WWE's Women's Professional Wrestling". In Johnson, Malynnda; Olson, Cristopher (eds.).Normalizing Mental Illness and Neurodiversity in Entertainment Media(1st E-book ed.). London: Routledge.doi:10.4324/9781003011668-15.ISBN9781003011668.S2CID233598773.