Wai Ren
| Wai Ren Ngoại nhâm | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King ofShang dynasty | |||||||||
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Wai Ren(Chinese:Ngoại nhâm) orBu Ren(Chinese:Bặc nhâm), personal name Zi Fa, was aShang dynastyKing of China.
In theRecords of the Grand Historianhe was listed bySima Qianas the eleventh Shang king, succeeding his brotherZhong Ding(Trọng đinh). He was enthroned in the year of Gengxu (Chinese:Canh tuất) withAo(Ngao) as his capital. During his reign there was a rebellion from Shang's vassals of Pei (Bi) and Xian (Sân) peoples. He ruled for 15 years (although theBamboo Annalsclaim 10 years) before his death. He was given the posthumous name Wai Ren and was succeeded by his sonHe Dan Jia(Hà đản giáp).[1][2][3]
Oracle bone scriptinscriptions onbonesunearthed atYinxualternatively record that he was the tenth Shang king, given the posthumous name Bu Ren (Bặc nhâm) and succeeded by his youngest brotherJian Jia.[2][4]
References
[edit]- ^Bai, Shouyi (2002).An Outline History of China.Beijing: Foreign Language Press.ISBN7-119-02347-0.
- ^ab"The Shang Dynasty Rulers".China Knowledge.RetrievedAugust 7,2007.
- ^"Shang Kingship And Shang Kinship"(PDF).Indiana University.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on April 9, 2008.RetrievedAugust 7,2007.
- ^Chang, Kwang-chih; Xu, Pingfang; Lu, Liancheng (2013).The Formation of Chinese Civilization. An Archaeological Perspective.Yale University Press. p. xiii.ISBN9780300093827.RetrievedJuly 14,2024.