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Walkden

Coordinates:53°31′26″N2°23′57″W/ 53.5239°N 2.3991°W/53.5239; -2.3991
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For people with the name, seeWalkden (surname).

Walkden
Town
Trees and the bandstand in the Victorian Parr Fold Park.
Walkden is located in Greater Manchester
Walkden
Walkden
Location withinGreater Manchester
Population35,616 (2014 estimate)[1]
OS grid referenceSD751030
•London169 mi (272 km)SE
Metropolitan borough
Metropolitan county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townMANCHESTER
Postcode districtM28
Dialling code0161
PoliceGreater Manchester
FireGreater Manchester
AmbulanceNorth West
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Greater Manchester
53°31′26″N2°23′57″W/ 53.5239°N 2.3991°W/53.5239; -2.3991

Walkdenis a town[2]in theCity of SalfordinGreater Manchester,England,[3]six miles (ten kilometres) northwest of centralSalford,and seven miles (eleven kilometres) ofManchester.

Walkden has been designated as one of seven main town centres in the City of Salford,[4]and now largely functions as a retail centre and commuter suburb of Greater Manchester.

Historicallyin thetownshipofWorsleyinLancashire,[5]Walkden was a centre forcoal miningandtextile manufacture.

In 2021, the electoral wards ofWalkden North,Walkden SouthandLittle Hultonhad a combined population of 39,761.[6]

History

[edit]

The name Walkden orWalkedenderives from theOld Englishdenu,a valley, belonging to a man possibly called Wealca (fuller), an Old English personal name. It has been in existence since at least the 13th century.[7]The name was recorded in documents dating to 1246.[8]

ARoman roadcrossed the area roughly on the line of the presentA6 roadthrough Walkden andLittle Hulton.[9]In 1313, in a dispute involving land, a jury decided that Walkden was too small to be considered a hamlet or a town but was "only a place in Farnworth".[10]

In the 15th century Walkden appears to have covered a wider area than at present, spreading into Farnworth and Little Hulton.[11]

In 1765 "Walkden Moor" was the subject of a parliamentaryEnclosure Act.[12]The Duke of Bridgewater was the biggest landowner in 1786, owning over half the land. At one time Walkden was dominated by coal mines and textile manufacturing.

Industrial heritage

[edit]

Walkden's industrial history links are mainly to coal mining, but also tocotton mills.There were many shafts for small collieries sunk to the shallow coal seams of theWorsley Four Foot mineon land owned by the Egertons, theLords of the Manorof Worsley which included Walkden.

Named shafts were, Speakman's, Edge Fold, Lloyd's and Hey's Field before 1770, Turnpike Lime, Barlow Fold, Scowcroft's, and Crippin's Croft before 1780, Pin Fold, Parr Fold and Tub Engine before 1790 and Grundy's Field, Stone, Windmill, Charlton's, and the Inclined Plane Pit all before 1800.

TheWorsley Navigable Levelslinked many of the mines to theBridgewater Canalat Worsley.[13]The levels were used to transport coal from the mines of theBridgewater Collieriesin Walkden until railways were used as an improved form of transportation.[14]

After 1800 Urmston's Meadow, Moss Hill Top, Parkinson's and Sawney, Atkin's Croft, Barrack's, Magnall's, Ashton's Field and the Ellesmere were sunk but were independent of the levels.[13]Walkden Yard orNCBCentral Workshops was situated south of High Street, close toEllesmere Collierywas partly inLittle Hulton.

It was built 1878 by theBridgewater Trusteesas a central works depot providing engineering services for their collieries and colliery railways. On the site there was a Drafting Office, Machine and Fitting workshop, Pump Shop, Joiners Shop, Electricians shop, Paint Shop, Blacksmith and Tinsmith Shop, Welders Shop, Locomotive Overhaul and Repair Shop, Waggon sheds and Waggon machine shop and a Conveyor Belt Repair Shop. The yard closed as aBritish Coalworkshop in 1986 and is now a housing estate.[15]

Governance

[edit]

Until 1894, Walkden lay within the township of Worsley in the ancient ecclesiastical parish ofEccles,within theHundred of Salfordin thehistoric countyofLancashire,although some parts includingLinnyshawand Toppings Bridge were within the parish ofDeane.[16]WorsleyUrban District Council,which included Walkden, was formed in 1894.

Walkden was amalgamated into theCity of Salfordmetropolitan district ofGreater Manchesterin April 1974, as part of the provisions of theLocal Government Act 1972,having previously formed part of the WorsleyUrban Districtin theadministrative countyofLancashire.[3]Walkden is divided into threeelectoral wards;Little Hulton,Walkden NorthandWalkden South.Walkden remains part of theSalford City Counciladministrative area.[17]

Walkden was part of theWorsley and Eccles South parliamentary constituency.Between 1983 and 2010 it was part of theWorsley parliamentary constituency.Between 1885 and 1983 Walkden lay in the now defunctFarnworth constituency[18]and before that, from 1868 to 1885, within theSouth East Lancashireconstituency.

Following the2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies,the electoral wards ofLittle Hulton,Walkden NorthandWalkden Southare now part of the newly-formedBolton South and Walkden parliamentary constituency.[19]

UK Parliament Representative

[edit]

Following the July 2024 General Election, theBolton South and Walkden constituencyis represented byYasmin Qureshi MPinUK Parliament.

Salford City Council elected representatives

[edit]

Walkden North[20]

[edit]

Walkden South[21]

[edit]

Little Hulton[22]

[edit]

Geography

[edit]
Further information:Geography of Greater Manchester
The reservoir at Blackleach Country Park, which holds a Green Flag Award

Walkden has two main parks in the town, namelyBlackleach Country ParkandParr Fold Park.Parr Fold Park is a Victorian park.[23]

Blackleach Country Park covers 50 hectares half-mile north of the town centre. The site is a designated local nature reserve. The reservoir was originally used by factories.[24]

The formerly derelict and badly polluted site at Blackleach was next to a chemical waste tip, and was crossed by a disused railway line. It was reclaimed and restored after a community campaign.[25]

A one tonneglacial erraticlimestone boulder can be found in Parr Fold Park, indicated by an information sign. It is thought the provenance of the rock is linked to formations in the Lake District or South West Scotland, having been transported South to Walkden by melting ice 18,000 years ago.[26]

Both of the parks have been recognised in theGreen Flag Awards.[27]

A small, gated angling pond can be found next to the Walkden Town Centre car park and can only be accessed by members. The site regularly holds fishing matches.[28]

Landmarks

[edit]

Historical Monuments

[edit]

The Ellesmere Monument in St Paul's Churchyard was erected in 1868 to commemorate Harriet (d. 1866), wife of the1st Earl of Ellesmere.[29]It was designed byT. G. Jackson,and inspired by the medievalEleanor crosses.

It originally stood at the junction of the A6, A575 and B5232 roads but was moved into the churchyard in 1968 to reduce traffic congestion. Statues of fourangelson the monument were stolen. A project to restore the monument was completed in 2006. It was later rebuilt.

Walkden Town Hall was demolished in 1999, to create extra car parking spaces for Walkden College.[30]

Parr Fold Park has a cenotaph memorial, which is the site of Walkden's annual war Remembrance Day services. There is also a memorial garden to remember dead service men and women.[31]

A large historic pub building in Walkden called the Bull’s Head Hotel.
The Bull’s Head Hotel on Manchester Road, Walkden

The Ellesmere Centre

[edit]

The Ellesmere Centre had a clock-tower which is a replica of theLady Bourke Clockwhich once stood by the NCB Offices in Bridgewater Road. It was taken down when the Tesco store was erected. The original clock was used to alert coal miners to the beginning or end of their shifts.

The workers claimed that they could not hear the clock strike once at 1.00pm to mark the end of dinnertime and the resumption of the working day, and it was altered to strike 13 times at 1.00pm, a tradition continued by the replica clock.[32]

The opening line ofGeorge Orwell's novelNineteen Eighty-Four(1949), referring to the clocks striking thirteen, might have been inspired by his time in the area writingThe Road to Wigan Pier(1937).

Walkden Town Centre

[edit]

The main shopping destination in Walkden has been rebranded asWalkden Town Centre(previously The Ellesmere Centre), housing 447,000 sq ft of floor space.

The centre became the location for one of the largest Tesco stores in the UK when it opened in 2010. The centre has 2000 free car parking spaces and is visited by 150,000 shoppers every week.[33]It was announced in 2022 that the bargain homeware retailerThe Rangewould open a large 40,000 sq ft shop in the retail park, and this has been trading since November 2023.[34]

Despite £70 million being spent onWalkden Town Centreregeneration,[35]the centre has been subject to criticism for a leaking glass roof that covers the centre. An installation made up of plastic buckets hanging from the roof was placed by shopping centre managersDerwent Estates(the management company for The Derwent Group, which manages the assets of The Albert Gubay Charitable Foundation as a subsidiary company[36]), to make light of the issue.[37]

Plans were announced in 2017 for a 'Phase 5' development of Walkden Town Centre, and this included provision for a new cinema and plans to increase footfall in the old side of the centre.[38]

Following local campaigning by residents,[39]subsequent plans have since been released for Egerton Walk and Victoria Square sections of the centre by The Derwent Group in October 2023. These include provision for new retail units, green space, a pedestrianised boulevard and a new shopping centre atrium, with works totalling at least £15 million. These new features would be built by November 2025, following planned demolition works.[40]

Plans for the redevelopment of the centre were officially granted consent by Salford City Council in June 2024, with work due to start in the same year.[41]

Transport

[edit]

Bus services

[edit]

There are extensive and frequent bus services in Walkden, linking the town withManchester,BoltonandLeigh.Services include the 36 and 37 routes between Bolton and Manchester viaFarnworth(37),Little Hulton(36) andSwinton.

The 38 route runs through Walkden and terminates at Manchester Piccadilly or Logistics North in Bolton.

The 20 bus takes passengers from Walkden to theTrafford CentreviaMonton,[42]and the 29 takes people toMedia City.[43]

The X39 runs as an express bus at peak periods, which is used by local commuters, with two services running each morning as part of theBee Network.[44]

The RHS1 bus route links Manchester City Centre, Walkden Station and theRHS Garden Bridgewaterbetween 1 April and 1 October each year.[45]

It was announced in July 2024 that the numbers V1 (serving nearby Ellenbrook) and 36 (serving Walkden) buses would become the first 24 hour services, as part of the Greater Manchester Bee Network.[46]

Train Services

[edit]
The exterior of Walkden railway station

Walkden once had two railway stations. In 1875, theLondon and North Western Railwayopened a station on the Bolton-to-Eccles line known asWalkden Low Level.It was closed in 1954.[47]

TheLancashire and Yorkshire Railwayprovided a station on the Manchester-to-Wigan line in 1888.Walkden railway station,originally known as "Walkden High Level railway station", remains open. Both lines were built as a result of the coal mining in the area.

According to 2006 figures, Walkden station (operated byNorthern Rail) was used by over 150,000 passengers annually;.[48]

Passenger numbers for Walkden peaked during 2019-20 with 374,288 estimated passengers. Usage dropped to 19% during the 2020-21 travel lockdowns and recovered to 65% by 2023.[49]

Monday to Saturday daytimes, two trains per hour go eastbound to Manchester Victoria and two per hour towards Wigan - both trains continue toWigan Wallgatewestbound and one continues toKirkby(down from three each way prior to the pandemic).

Only one train per day (weekdays and Saturdays) continues toSouthportsince the summer 2019 timetable change. All Sunday services continue to Southport. Most Manchester departures continue along theCaldervale LinetoTodmorden,Burnley Manchester RoadandBlackburnor toLeedsviaBrighouse.[50]

On 11 March 2020, The Chancellor of The Exchequer announced that Walkden Station would be one of 12 stations to receive Access for All funding fromNetwork Rail,in order to develop step-free access to the station.[51]The project has experienced temporary setbacks in 2024, caused by old mine workings found beneath the station.[52]

In April 2023, a Park and Ride facility for 107 cars was opened by Salford City Council. The site also includes a bike storage shed for 32 bikes, electric charging stations for electric vehicles and motorcycle bays.[53]

Currently, theManchester - Southport linepassing through Walkden is not electrified, meaning trains use diesel as fuel.[54]

Active Travel

[edit]
The Roe Green Loopline walking and cycle track near Walkden Road. The path overlays the site of a former railway track bed.[55]

The Roe Green Loopline passes through Walkden and is a 7.2 kilometre traffic-free, off-road walking and cycling route that starts in Monton and runs all the way to the Salford-Bolton border.

Works to the final two stretches of the route between Tynesbank and Mesne Lea School and between Anchor Lane and Mount Skip Lane were completed in summer 2016.[56]

Roads

[edit]

Walkden is at the junction ofA6and the Bolton to WorsleyA575.TheEast Lancashire Road(A580) passes to the south and connects to theM60ring-road and the motorway network.

TheM61to the east of Walkden is in theGuinness Book of Recordsfor being the widest section of motorway in Britain (there are 17 lanes side by side atLinnyshawMoss).[57]

[edit]

Walkden has been named as a possible beneficiary ofTfGM'sBee NetworkMetrolinkextension works.[58]One proposed option is constructing a spur fromBolton,if the Metrolink Bolton extension were to be funded. It has also been suggested that tram-trains could run fromManchester VictoriatoWiganon theManchester-Southport Line,leaving the conventional rail tracks and onto tramways from Atherton. This would enable Metrolink trams to stop atWalkden railway Station.[59]An additional proposal is using theTyldesleyLoopline, to run theMetrolinkfrom its current terminus in Eccles towardsLittle Hulton,stopping in Walkden.

Education

[edit]
See also:List of schools in City of Salford

Walkden has several primary schools, twohigh schoolsand asixth form collegewhich includeCo-op Academy WalkdenandThe Lowry Academy.Until 2014 Walkden had three high schools, before the closure ofSt. George's RC High Schoolin July 2014.[60]

An Ofsted inspection at Co-op Walkden Academy in July 2023 found that the school was rated as 'Good' in all areas.[61]

In February 2024, an Ofsted inspection at The Lowry Academy also resulted in a 'Good' rating, noting that the school had undergone a “positive transformation”.[62]

A number of the town'sprimary schoolsarechurch schools.They include: St Paul's, Crompton Street, and St Paul's, Heathside, which are bothChurch of Englandschools. Christ the King RC Primary School is theRoman Catholicprimary school for Walkden,WorsleyandRoe Green.

In addition there are three countyprimary schools- they are North Walkden Primary School in the north of the town and Mesne Lea Primary School and James Brindley Primary School in south Walkden.

Worsley College, a post-16 vocational college which was previously known as Salford College,[63]has a campus located in Walkden on Walkden Road, close to therailway station.The site underwent a significant renovation in 2023/24, adding a brand new café facility.[64]

Religious buildings

[edit]
St Paul's Church, Walkden

St Paul's Church was founded in 1838 in the church school and was originally known as St George's Chapel. The foundation stone for St. Paul's at Walkden Moor was laid in 1847 by Lady Brackley, daughter of the Earl of Ellesmere. The church cost £4,500 and was dedicated in 1848 by the Bishop of Manchester.

The church was extended in 1881 by the addition of the north aisle, built at a cost of £1,000 which was raised by the parishioners. The east windows date from 1884 and mosaic panels are from 1904.[65]

St John's Church was founded in 1876 in Walkden although most of its parish is in Little Hulton, it is part of the Walkden & Little Hulton Team Ministry.[66]

There are twoMethodistchurches, Walkden Methodist Church and Worsley Road North Methodist Church. Christ the KingRoman CatholicChurch serves the Roman Catholic communities of Walkden, Roe Green and Worsley.[67]There is also aCongregational church.[68]

Community

[edit]

Salford City Counciloperate a large community hub, health centre and library in Walkden calledWalkden Gateway.

There are several community groups based in the town, including:

Walkden has multiple sports teams and sports facilities the town, including:

[edit]

Walkden featured in the news in 1994, when well-known British television hostRichard Madeleywas arrested for failing to pay for items, including champagne, on two occasions atTescosupermarket in Walkden.[69]

Then British Prime MinisterTheresa Mayvisited Walkden during the 2017 Conservative Party Conference to meet a couple who had just bought a new build house using the government'sHelp to Buy Scheme.[70]

Walkden is known to have produced multiple actors and actresses who feature in the British soap operaCoronation Street,which is set in Salford.

Notable people

[edit]
Further information:List of people from Salford

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Notes

  1. ^See:
    • "Walkden North Ward Profile"(PDF).salford.gov.uk.Salford City Council.March 2016.
    • "Walkden South Ward Profile"(PDF).salford.gov.uk.Salford City Council.March 2016.
    • and"Little Hulton Ward Profile"(PDF).salford.gov.uk.Salford City Council.March 2016.
  2. ^"Walkden • Salford City Council".salford.gov.uk.Retrieved13 March2023.
  3. ^abGreater Manchester Gazetteer,Greater Manchester County Record Office, Place Names T to W, archived fromthe originalon 18 July 2011,retrieved3 April2007
  4. ^"Salford Local Plan • Salford City Council"(PDF).salford.gov.uk.Retrieved3 November2023.
  5. ^Worsley Township Boundaries,genuki.org.uk,retrieved27 April2011
  6. ^"Ward profiles•Salford City Council".salford.gov.uk.Retrieved19 June2024.
  7. ^Mills 1998,p. 362
  8. ^Gazeteer of Manchester Place Names,retrieved24 September2007
  9. ^Worsley and Walkden — local history,Salford.gov,retrieved26 April2011
  10. ^Farrer, William; Brownbill, J, eds. (1911),"Townships: Farnworth",A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 5,British History Online, pp. 34–39,retrieved20 January2010
  11. ^Farrer, William; Brownbill, J, eds. (1911),"Townships: Worsley",A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 4,British History Online, pp. 376–392,retrieved20 January2010
  12. ^Moffit, Louis W (1 January 1963).England on the eve of the Industrial Revolution.Taylor & Francis.ISBN978-0-7146-1345-1.Retrieved3 October2007.
  13. ^abAtkinson 1998,p. 67
  14. ^Walkden Pits,Walkden Local History,retrieved17 January2010
  15. ^Sweeney 1997,p. 361
  16. ^Great Britain Historical GIS Project (2004)."Descriptive Gazetteer Entry for Walkden (or Walkden Moor)".A vision of Britain through time.University of Portsmouth.Retrieved20 September2007.
  17. ^"Walkden • Salford City Council".salford.gov.uk.Retrieved2 September2023.
  18. ^"Review of Greater Manchester Boroughs".Archived fromthe originalon 9 January 2007.Retrieved20 September2007.
  19. ^"Boundary Commission review of Parliamentary constituencies".15 December 2022.Retrieved29 August2023.
  20. ^Council, Salford City; Centre, Salford Civic; Road, Chorley; Swinton; Salford; M27 5aw (16 June 2024)."Your Councillors".sccdemocracy.salford.gov.uk.Retrieved16 June2024.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  21. ^Council, Salford City; Centre, Salford Civic; Road, Chorley; Swinton; Salford; M27 5aw (16 June 2024)."Your Councillors".sccdemocracy.salford.gov.uk.Retrieved16 June2024.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  22. ^Council, Salford City; Centre, Salford Civic; Road, Chorley; Swinton; Salford; M27 5aw (16 June 2024)."Your Councillors".sccdemocracy.salford.gov.uk.Retrieved16 June2024.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  23. ^Lythgoe, George (19 April 2022)."Parr Fold Park to get £303k revamp following funding approval".Manchester Evening News.Retrieved29 August2023.
  24. ^Blackleach Country Park,Salford.gov,retrieved17 January2010
  25. ^Park life: Blackleach Country Park,BBC,retrieved26 April2011
  26. ^InvestWalkden (9 March 2023),English: A sign informs park visitors about the limestone glacial erratic one tonne boulder in Parr Fold Park (2023),retrieved2 September2023
  27. ^Harrison, Simone (21 July 2023)."Nine Salford outdoor spaces voted among the best in Britain".Salford Now.Retrieved29 August2023.
  28. ^Greenhalgh, Chris (5 September 2020)."This is the place: Walkden is now one of the most sought-after suburbs in the UK".I Love Manchester.Retrieved2 September2023.
  29. ^The University of the Third Age,retrieved21 September2007
  30. ^O'Rourke, Aidan (5 November 2006)."Walkden Town Hall under demolition 1999".eyewitness in Manchester.Manchester Online. Archived fromthe originalon 5 November 2006.Retrieved23 May2019.
  31. ^"Parr Fold Park • Salford City Council".salford.gov.uk.Retrieved2 September2023.
  32. ^Elsie gets a taste of the high life!,Bolton Evening News,retrieved20 January2010
  33. ^Walkden Town Centre,retrieved29 August2023
  34. ^Whelan, Dan (10 June 2022)."The Range plots 40,000 sq ft Salford store".Place North West.Retrieved23 May2019.
  35. ^Walkden,retrieved29 August2023
  36. ^"The Albert Gubay Foundation – The Derwent Group".thederwentgroup.Retrieved2 September2023.
  37. ^Halle-Richards, Sophie (13 November 2021)."'More buckets than people'...woman's hilarious pictures show leak-ridden shopping centre with no customers ".Manchester Evening News.Reach PLC.Retrieved29 August2023.
  38. ^"'Exciting' designs revealed for new cinema at shopping centre ".The Bolton News.7 November 2017.Retrieved2 September2023.
  39. ^Harrison, Simone (23 May 2023)."Retail investment and more health facilities marked top priorities for Walkden in survey".Salford Now.Retrieved16 June2024.
  40. ^"Derwent Group Plans Partial Demolition of Walkden Town Centre".Place North West.4 October 2023.Retrieved4 October2023.
  41. ^"Derwent bags consent for £15m Walkden Town Centre revamp".7 July 2024.
  42. ^"20 The Trafford Centre - Logistics North - Deane - Bolton".
  43. ^"29 Boothstown - Mosley Common - Walkden - Swinton - The Lowry".
  44. ^"X39 Farnworth - Peel - Swinton - Salford - Piccadilly Gardens".
  45. ^"RHS1 Worsley to Manchester City Centre bus route".
  46. ^"Major announcement as 24-hour buses to be launched in Greater Manchester on two routes".
  47. ^Walkden Low Level Station,Subterranea Britannica,retrieved20 January2010
  48. ^"Railway Passenger Numbers 2005–06".Retrieved30 September2007.
  49. ^"Walkden Railway Station".Retrieved10 June2024.
  50. ^"N14 - Manchester to Southport and Kirkby Northern Timetable"(PDF).
  51. ^"Access for All – improving accessibility at railway stations nationwide".Network Rail.Retrieved2 September2023.
  52. ^"Network Rail investigating historic mine found beneath Walkden station during accessibility upgrade".
  53. ^"New park and ride in Walkden set to open • Salford City Council".salford.gov.uk.Retrieved2 September2023.
  54. ^"Manchester–Southport line",Wikipedia,10 July 2023,retrieved16 June2024
  55. ^Foster (I), Whitefoot (II), Catford (III)."Monton and Roe Green Loopline heritage trail"(PDF).{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  56. ^"Roe Green Loopline • Salford City Council".salford.gov.uk.Retrieved2 September2023.
  57. ^British Roads,retrieved21 September2007
  58. ^"Scrapping of HS2 northern link 'could bring Metrolink to Bolton' - Manchester Evening News".manchestereveningnews.co.uk.Retrieved16 June2024.
  59. ^"Proposed developments of Manchester Metrolink",Wikipedia,1 June 2024,retrieved16 June2024
  60. ^"Manchester Evening News".Retrieved5 February2015.
  61. ^"The secondary school that's finally ditched its poor Ofsted rating after a decade of hard work".Retrieved29 August2023.
  62. ^"Mayor praises The Lowry Academy for 'Good' Ofsted rating".Retrieved10 June2024.
  63. ^"College renamed to reflect 100 years of history".Retrieved10 June2024.
  64. ^"Glasshouse Restaurant and Bakery reopens in Worsley".Retrieved10 June2024.
  65. ^Walkden St Paul,Genuki,retrieved17 January2010
  66. ^St John the Baptist,Genuki,retrieved17 January2010
  67. ^Christ the King,Genuki,retrieved17 January2010
  68. ^Places of Worship,lan-opc.org,retrieved20 January2010
  69. ^McCormack, Kirsty (15 June 2022)."GMB viewers cringe as Richard Madeley discusses shoplifting in 'awkward' chat".mirror.Retrieved2 September2023.
  70. ^"My husband is no DIY specialist, jokes Theresa May".guernseypress.2 October 2017.Retrieved2 September2023.

Bibliography

  • Atkinson, Glen (1998),The Canal Duke's Collieries Worsley 1760–1900,Neil Richardson (Second Edition),ISBN978-1-85216-120-0
  • Mills, A.D. (1998),A Dictionary of English Place-Names,Oxford University Press,ISBN0-19-280074-4
  • Sweeney, D.J. (1997),A Lancashire Triangle Part Two,Triangle Publishing,ISBN0-9529333-2-2
[edit]
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