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Buena Vista Home Entertainment, Inc.
Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment
Formerly
  • Buena Vista Home Video(1987–1993)
  • Buena Vista Home Video, Inc.(1993–1997)
  • Buena Vista Home Entertainment, Inc.(1997–2007)[a]
  • Disney Videos(Internationally; 1995–2005)
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryHome entertainment
FoundedFebruary 13, 1987;37 years ago(1987-02-13)(as physical media distributor)
2024;0 years ago(2024)(as physical media licensing)
DefunctFebruary 20, 2024;7 months ago(2024-02-20)(as physical media distributor)[1][2]
FatePhysical media operations transferred toSony Pictures Home Entertainmentthen toStudio Distribution Servicesvia SPHE. Its labels remain in use on Sony/SDS-distributed releases.
SuccessorsSony Pictures Home Entertainment(physical media, 2024)
Studio Distribution Services(physical media via SPHE, 2024–present)
HeadquartersWalt Disney Studios,
Burbank,California
,
United States
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Tony Chambers (EVP,Theatrical Distribution)
ProductsHome media,digital distribution
Brands
ServicesDigital distribution (2024-)
Physical distribution (1987-2024)
Parent
WebsiteDisney Movies At Home
Footnotes / references
[3][4]

Buena Vista Home Entertainment, Inc.[5](doing business asWalt Disney Studios Home Entertainment) is thehome entertainmentdistribution arm ofthe Walt Disney Company.The division handles the distribution of Disney's films, television series, and other audiovisual content acrossdigital formats and platforms.

For 37 years, Buena Vista Home Entertainment handled autonomous distribution of those properties in several physical home media formats, such asVHSs,DVDs,Blu-ray discs,and4K discsunder various brand labels around the world. It was formed in 1987 asBuena Vista Home Video.[6]It was renamed to its current legal name in 1997,[5]although it is currently known in the UK as Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment (UK & Ireland) since 2013.[b]The division adopted the currentWalt Disney Studios-branding in itspublic namein 2007, but kept theBuena Vista-branding for corporate use.[7]

In recent years, sales in the physical media market have significantly fallen due to the rise of digital media and streaming services like Disney's ownDisney+,which has led the company to either let other home video distributors (such as Elevation Sales in the UK) handle distribution for them or exit out of the market (such as Australia) depending on the region.

Their releases are currently distributed byStudio Distribution Services,a joint venture betweenUniversal Pictures Home EntertainmentandWarner Bros. Home Entertainment,via a distribution deal withSony Pictures Home Entertainment,who released the company's content on home video briefly in 2024.

History

Background

Before Disney began releasing home video titles itself, it licensed some titles to MCA'sDiscoVisionlabel for their newly developed disc format, later calledLaserDisc.Disney's agreement with MCA ended in December 1981.[8]

In 1980, Disney established its own video distribution operation as part ofWalt Disney Telecommunications and Non-Theatrical Company(WDTNT) with Jim Jimirro as its first president.[9]Home video was not considered to be a major market by Disney at the time. WDTNT Co. also handled marketing of other miscellaneous ancillary items such as short8 mm filmsfor home movies.

Disney's first releases on videotape were 13 titles that were licensed for rental toFotomaton March 4, 1980,[10]initially in a four-city test (Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, and San Francisco/Oakland/San Jose), to be expanded nationwide by the end of 1980. The agreement specified rental fees ranging from $7.95 to $13.95.

Disney was unusual among the major studios in offering a program for authorized rentals. Most of the other studios involved in the videocassette market at the time were trying to find ways to stop dealers from renting out their movie tapes.Magnetic Video(which had titles from20th Century Foxand others) ceased doing business with Fotomat after they began renting Magnetic Video cassettes without authorization.[11]

In the late 1980s, Disney began seeking other outlets to distribute its video, and signed deals with mass-merchant retailers such asTarget,Caldor,andWal-Mart.Around this time, the studio began partnering with major retailers for advertising campaigns.[12]

Walt Disney Home Video

Main articles:Walt Disney Home Video (VHS)andWalt Disney Classics

The firstDisney animated featureto be released on videocassette wasDumboon June 28, 1981,[13]for rental only.The Many Adventures of Winnie the Poohwas released for rental and sale at the same time.Alice in Wonderlandwas released on October 15, 1981, for rental only.[14]Fun and Fancy Freewas released in 1982 as 'Fun and Fancy Free' Featuring: Mickey and the Beanstalk,to capitalize on the best-known segment of the film.

Their agreement with DiscoVision having ended in 1981, Disney began releasing LaserDiscs under the Walt Disney Home Video label to their own network of distributors and dealers. The first five titles were shipped in June 1982:The Black Hole,The Love Bug,Escape to Witch Mountain,The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh,andMickey Mouse and Donald Duck Cartoons, Collection One.Five more titles shipped in July:Pete's Dragon,Dumbo,Davy Crockett and the River Pirates,The One and Only, Genuine, Original Family Band,andMickey Mouse and Donald Duck Cartoons, Collection Two.[8]

Disney released more cartoon compilations (pre-Walt Disney Cartoon Classicsin 1983) in late 1981, includingGoofyOver SportsandA Tale of Two Critters.

Dumbowas released for sale on tape in summer 1982, whileAlice in Wonderlandwas released for sale in November 1982.[15]The next major animated feature to be released (excluding the "package" anthology features) wasRobin Hoodon December 3, 1984, starting theWalt Disney Classicscollection. By 1982, all the video releases were for sale and rental, along with newer releases, but at high prices.

July 16, 1985 saw the home video premiere ofPinocchiowhich became the bestselling video of that year. Later, the Making Your Dreams Come True promotion started on November 6, 1985 with repackaged live action titles. In addition,Dumbowas released on the same day.

Buena Vista Home Video

The nameBuena Vista Home Videooriginated as a label of WDTNT in 1983, originally used to distribute tapes ofHopalong Cassidy.Soon, BVHV became the label utilized for a variety of miscellaneous content; such content included animation not created by Disney (such asRocky and BullwinkleandAlvin and the Chipmunks), concerts and other adult music titles, and various special-interest programs, includingThe Very Best ofThe Ed Sullivan Show.Buena Vista Home Video was legallyincorporatedon February 13, 1987.[3]The "Buena Vista"name was adopted fromBuena Vista Pictures Distribution,[7]who also acted as copyright holder for video tapes released directly under the BVHE banner.

In November 1992, Buena Vista Home Video entered into a worldwide joint venture withJim Henson Productionsto formJim Henson Video,which distributed Henson-owned material, including variousMuppetproductions; the company had previously distributed Muppet content in the United States from 1983 to 1985 under theMuppet Home Videolabel.[16]This lasted until late 1997. The following year, the label moved toSony Pictures'Columbia TriStar Home Videodivision.

In July 1993, Buena Vista Home Video signed a multimillion-dollar multiyear North American licensing deal withDIC Entertainment.The deal included over 1,000 half-hours worth of animated content from DIC, alongside the creation of the DIC Toon Time Video label and interactive and multimedia opportunities.[17]In December 1993, Buena Vista Home Video's European Spanish unit signed a distribution deal withAcclaim Entertainmentfor the distribution of Acclaim's video game titles in Spain.[18]

In April 1996, due to ongoing realignment stemming from Disney's merger withCapital Cities/ABC,Buena Vista Home Video was transferred out of the Disney Television and Telecommunications group toThe Walt Disney Studios.[19]In August 1996, Disney andTokuma Shoten Publishingentered a deal wherein Buena Vista Home Video would acquire the worldwide home media distribution rights to theStudio Ghiblianimated films.[20][21]Disney would go on to produce the English dubs and distribute 15 of Ghibli's films, through theWalt Disney Pictures,Buena Vista Home Video,MiramaxandTouchstone Picturesbanners.[c][22]

In July 1998, Walt Disney Home Entertainment entered into a distribution agreement withWarner Home Videowhere the latter would distribute over 100 Disney/Touchstone/Hollywood titles on DVD in Europe and Australia until the end of 2000.[23]The distribution of VHS releases, however, remain under Disney's full control.

In 2000, followingAndy Heyward's purchase of DIC back from Disney,[24][25]DIC's rights with BVHE expired. With this, DIC later signed a new deal withLions Gate Home Entertainmentin 2001.[26]

In 2001, following Disney's acquisition ofFox Family Worldwide(includingFox Family,theFox Kidsbrand andSaban Entertainment).[27]A year later in 2002, Saban became BVS Entertainment and BVHE took distribution over from20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.

In 2005,Roger Corman-owned production companyNew Concordesigned a distribution deal with Buena Vista Home Entertainment, giving BVHE home video distribution rights to 400 Corman-produced films, including the pre-1984New World Pictureslibrary until 2008.[28][29][30][31]

Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment

As part of a broader company-wide effort, Buena Vista Home Entertainment dropped the "Buena Vista" branding in 2007 and was renamed as Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment.[7]However, the division retained Buena Vista as its legal corporate name. By 2012, Disney began to distribute all of the film titles fromMarvel Studiosstarting withThe Avengers.In 2013, Disney acquired the first four movies in theMarvel Cinematic UniversefromParamount Pictures,with notable exceptions are:The Incredible Hulkwhich was currently distributed at the time byUniversal Picturesuntil ten years later in June 2023; theSpider-Man Universe,with the exception of the MCU-era Spider Man, still handled bySony PicturesthroughColumbia Pictures;and theX-Menand theFantastic Fourfranchise which were held by 20th Cenury Fox (now 20th Century Studios) until transferred to Marvel Studios in March 2019 following Disney's acquisition of the former 21st Century Fox. In addition, after acquiring the company from former ownerGeorge Lucasin 2012, Disney start releasing titles fromLucasfilm,beginning in late-2014 with the first series ofStar Wars: Rebels.However, the rights to films such asA New Hopewere retained by Fox until 2019 rather than the originally planned deadline of May 2020.[32]The first fourIndiana Jonesmovies are currently distributed byParamount Picturesdue to grandfathered contract but Disney released the fifth movieDial of Destinyin June 2023. In July 2017,GKIDSandShout! Studiosboth took over the North America home video rights of the Studio Ghibli films from Disney. However, Disney still handles home video distribution of the company's films in Japan.[33][34]In March 2019, Disneyacquired21st Century Fox's film assets, and in January 2020,20th Century Fox Home Entertainmentwas folded into Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment. As a result, film titles from20th Century StudiosandSearchlight Picturesbegan to be distributed by Disney for home media formats. Disney also began to distribute home video titles from MGM for a short time under the then-current deal with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment until June 30, 2020, as where MGM's home video deal transferred toWarner Bros. Home Entertainmentafterwards.[citation needed]

Physical media licensing

Following the launch ofDisney+in 2019 and its international expansion in the following years, Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment has begun to discontinue physical distribution entirely in certain regions such as Latin America, Australia,[35]New Zealand, India, the Middle East, Portugal, Asia (except Japan), Hungary, Russia, Greece, and Romania, or to let other companies distribute in certain international markets like the United Kingdom and Ireland (Elevation Sales[d]), Poland (Galapagos), Czech Republic (Magic Box), Spain (Divisa Films), Italy (Eagle Pictures), Scandinavia (SF Studios), France and Benelux (ESC Distribution),[36]Germany and Austria (Leonine Studios),[37]and Japan (Happinet).[38]

In February 2024, Disney entered into a home video distribution agreement withSony Pictures Home Entertainment,in which Sony would handle all physical media production and distribution for Disney's home entertainment assets in North America,[39]after 37 years as an in-house physical media distribution label. Despite this, Disney will continue as an in-house physical media production label; SPHE-distributed releases will continue using their respective labels, and will not use the SPHE logo. As a result of the deal, Disney Movie Club shut down on May 20, 2024.[40]The first Disney film to be distributed by Sony was 20th Century'sThe First Omenon July 30, 2024.[41]

On June 24, 2024, it was reported that Sony Pictures Home Entertainment had entered into a distribution deal withStudio Distribution Servicesto handle the physical distribution of titles fromSony Pictures(Columbia Pictures,TriStar Pictures,Screen Gems,Crunchyroll, LLC,etc.) as well as Disney,Lionsgate Home Entertainment(Lionsgate Films,Summit Entertainment,eOne Films,Roadside Attractions,etc.) andThe Criterion Collectionthrough their existing distribution deals with SPHE.[42]

Distribution

The company currently distributesdigital media,and formerly distributedBlu-ray discsandDVDsinternally under many labels around the world until the early-to-mid 2020s, when it struck a deal withSony Pictures Home Entertainmentto handle distribution for them.[43][39]

Moratorium practices

Disney is notable for implementing a longtimemoratorium practiceon its film library, known in the industry as the "Disney Vault".[44]Disney has stated that this practice of moratorium is done to both control their market and to allow the studio's films to bereissuedfor subsequent generations of viewers.[45]This practice was extended to the20th Century Foxlibrary, after its acquisition by Disney in early 2019.[44]

Formats

Disney DVD

The Disney DVD logo.

Disney DVDis the brand name under which Buena Vista Home Entertainment releases its Disney-branded motion pictures. Disney began working on title releases forDVDsin 1997, although they were not released in this format in the UK until early 1998. Disney's first US DVD release wasGeorge of the Junglein 1997. Disney's finalVHSrelease wasCarson February 19, 2007.[46]

Disney Blu-ray

The Disney Blu-ray logo.

Disney Blu-rayis thebrand nameunder which Buena Vista Home Entertainment releases itsDisney-branded motion pictures inhigh-definition.In late 2006, Disney began releasing titles, like thePirates of the Caribbeanfilms, theNational Treasurefilms, and the first twoNarniafilms onBlu-ray.

In late 2010, Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment began releasingtheir 3D moviesin the Blu-ray 3D format, starting withA Christmas CarolandAlice in Wonderland.In 2017, Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment quietly discontinued releasing new titles in the format in North America, presumably due to the declining interest in the 3D format at home in the region. Despite this, Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment continues to release new 3D titles in the format in other regions, mostly in Europe such as the United Kingdom since 2010. In 2023, Disney releasedAvatar: The Way of Waterfor the Blu-ray 3D through its 20th Century label.

Disney Second Screen

Main article:Disney Second Screen

A new feature that was included in the Diamond Edition ofBambion March 1, 2011,[47]"Disney Second Screen" is a feature accessible via a computer oriPadapp download that provides additional content as the user views the film.[48]Disney Second Screen syncs along with the movie, and as the film plays, interactive elements such as trivia, photo galleries, and animated flipbooks appear on the iPad or computer screen.[49]The service was discontinued since October 2, 2016.[50]

Ultra HD Blu-ray

Disney began releasing their new films onUltra HD Blu-raystarting with Marvel'sGuardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2on August 22, 2017.[51][52]Touchstone'sThe Prestigewas Disney's first catalog release on UHD, released on December 19, 2017.[53]

See also

Notes

  1. ^Buena Vista Home Entertainment still exists as a legal name for Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment since 2007.
  2. ^In 1995, Buena Vista Home Video was renamed Buena Vista Home Entertainment in the UK; starting with the VHS release ofPinocchioon 24th May 1995 and ends with the DVD and Blu-ray release ofBraveon 26th November 2012. BVHE in the UK was renamed Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment, starting with the DVD and Blu-ray release ofFrankenweenieon 25th February 2013 and it's still the common name for BVHE to this day in the region, unlike its US counterpart which kept the legal name of Buena Vista Home Entertainment until the home video release ofIndiana Jones and the Dial of Destinyon 5th December 2023 - although released in the UK a day earlier on 4th December - before Disney made a licensing home video deal with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment the following year.
  3. ^Excluding the UK rights to Studio Ghibli's catalogue, which was held byStudioCanaluntil 2024 as the rights were transferred to Elysian Film Group following a lawsuit between StudioCanal and Wild Bunch International in Christmas 2022.
  4. ^Disney first license its home video distribution in the UK to The Rank Organisation in 1988 under Rank Home Video while theatrical distribution were distributed byWarner Bros. Picturesat the same time. By 1989, Disney began its autonomous UK home video distribution. And in 1992, Buena Vista International was revived in the region after its distribution deal with Warner Bros. expired that year. However, Warner Bros. returns to distribute Disney films in the United Kingdom and Europe between 1998 and 2000 but on physicalDVDsinstead. After 34 years of self-distributing films on home video in the UK, Disney licensed it home video distribution in the region to Elevation Sales – a joint-venture betweenStudioCanaland Lionsgate – since October 1, 2023. Overall, this makes Elevation the third licensing physical distribution partner for Disney after Rank Home Video (VHS only) and Warner Home Video (DVD only).

References

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  2. ^Hunt, Bill (June 24, 2024)."Paramount sets Bringing Out the Dead for 4K Ultra HD, plus Sony signs a new distribution deal with SDS that includes Lionsgate, Disney & 20th Century".thedigitalbits.RetrievedJune 25,2024.
  3. ^ab"BUENA VISTA HOME ENTERTAINMENT, INC. C1399345".California Business Search.State of California.RetrievedApril 13,2013.
  4. ^Magiera, Marcy (December 11, 2013)."MacPherson, Marinelli, Tarantino Inducted Into Variety's Home Entertainment Hall of Fame".Variety.RetrievedJune 7,2014.
  5. ^ab"BUENA VISTA HOME ENTERTAINMENT, INC".Corporation & Business Entity Database.New York Department of State.Archived fromthe originalon October 6, 2014.RetrievedApril 13,2013.
  6. ^Sonntag, Lynn E. (February 13, 1987)."Articles of Incorporation of Buena Vista Home Video"(PDF).California Secretary of State.RetrievedJanuary 3,2023.
  7. ^abcFixmer, Andy (April 25, 2007)."Disney to Drop Buena Vista Brand Name, People Say (Update1)".Bloomberg News.Archived fromthe originalon September 18, 2011.RetrievedNovember 28,2012.
  8. ^ab"Disney Releases 10 Titles on Laser Videodisc".Videodisc/Videotex.2(3). Meckler Publishing: 175. Summer 1982.
  9. ^Froke, Marlowe (December 12, 1989)."Oral History Collection – James P. Jimirro"(Interview transcript).The Cable Center.RetrievedSeptember 19,2006.
  10. ^"Walt Disney – Fotomat Announce Video Tape Programming Pact". Dow Jones News Service – Ticker. March 3, 1980.
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  12. ^Eisner, Michael;Schwartz, Tony (1998).Work in Progress: Risking Failure, Surviving Success.New York: Random House. pp.186-191.ISBN0375500715.OCLC39919327.
  13. ^"(Title unknown)".Billboard.August 15, 1981.
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  15. ^Wollman, Jane (September 16, 1982). "A wider selection in children's video".TheNew York Times.
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  18. ^"Financial Briefs".Variety.December 21, 1993.RetrievedFebruary 26,2024.
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  41. ^Squires, John (May 13, 2024)."The First OmenComes Home to Digital on May 28 and Hulu on May 30 ".Bloody Disgusting.RetrievedMay 13,2024.
  42. ^Hunt, Bill (June 24, 2024)."Paramount sets Bringing Out the Dead for 4K Ultra HD, plus Sony signs a new distribution deal with SDS that includes Lionsgate, Disney & 20th Century".thedigitalbits.RetrievedJune 25,2024.
  43. ^Goldberg, Lesley (July 18, 2019)."ESPN's Justin Connolly to Lead Combined Disney Sales Team".The Hollywood Reporter.RetrievedOctober 15,2020.
  44. ^abZoller-Seitz, Matt (October 24, 2019)."Disney Is Quietly Placing Classic Fox Movies Into Its Vault, and That's Worrying".Vulture.RetrievedOctober 24,2019.
  45. ^"Buena Vista Home Entertainment: A Very Lucky Accident Indeed".Animation World Network.RetrievedJune 13,2018.
  46. ^K. Arnold, Thomas (April 5, 2007)."Studios keep spotlight on DVD".The Hollywood Reporter.RetrievedDecember 17,2016.
  47. ^Landy, Tom (December 10, 2010)."'Bambi (Two-Disc Diamond Edition)' Blu-ray Fully Detailed ".High Def Digest.RetrievedDecember 20,2010.
  48. ^Snider, Mike (February 24, 2011)."Second Screen creates a 'Bambi' for multitaskers".USA Today.RetrievedFebruary 25,2011.
  49. ^"Disney to Bow a New iPad and PC App with the Bambi Diamond Edition (Blu-ray)".BD-Live News.December 10, 2010. Archived fromthe originalon March 17, 2012.RetrievedJanuary 10,2011.
  50. ^"Redirect to Disney Studio Help".Internet Archive of Redirect.Archived fromthe originalon October 2, 2016.
  51. ^Landy, Tom (July 4, 2017)."James Gunn's 'Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2' Blu-ray and 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray Coming in August".High-Def Digest.Archivedfrom the original on July 7, 2017.RetrievedJuly 4,2017.
  52. ^Katzmeier, David (June 9, 2017)."'Guardians of the Galaxy 2' could be Disney's first 4K Blu-ray ".CNET.Archivedfrom the original on August 11, 2017.RetrievedJuly 4,2017.
  53. ^The Prestige 4K Blu-ray,retrievedJune 24,2018
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