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Weifang

Coordinates:36°42′29″N119°09′43″E/ 36.708°N 119.162°E/36.708; 119.162
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Weifang
Duy phường thị
Left to right, top to bottom:Skyline viewed from theFuwah Park Ferris Wheel,the Bailang River, Kuiwenmen Street, Weifang Middle Road withWeifang Universityvisible to the left, Weifang Grand Theater
Location of Weifang City jurisdiction in Shandong
Location of Weifang City jurisdiction in Shandong
Weifang is located in Shandong
Weifang
Weifang
Location in China
Weifang is located in China
Weifang
Weifang
Weifang (China)
Coordinates (Weifang municipal government):36°42′29″N119°09′43″E/ 36.708°N 119.162°E/36.708; 119.162
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceShandong
Municipal seatKuiwen District
Subdivisions
Government
• Party SecretaryLiu Yun
• MayorLiu Jianjun
Area
Prefecture-level city16,143.14 km2(6,232.90 sq mi)
• Urban
2,646.1 km2(1,021.7 sq mi)
• Metro
3,746.6 km2(1,446.6 sq mi)
Elevation
32 m (106 ft)
Population
(2020 census)[1]
Prefecture-level city9,386,705
• Density580/km2(1,500/sq mi)
Urban
2,511,721
• Urban density950/km2(2,500/sq mi)
Metro
3,095,520
• Metro density830/km2(2,100/sq mi)
• Majornationalities
Han Chinese
GDP[2]
Prefecture-level cityCN¥615.7 billion
US$93 billion
• Per capitaCN¥ 65,721
US$ 9,932
Time zoneUTC+8(China Standard)
Postal code
261000
(Urban center)
261300, 261500, 262100, 262200, 262400-262700
(Other areas)
Area code536
ISO 3166 codeCN-SD-07
License plate prefixesLỗG&Lỗ V
Coastline113 kilometres (70 mi)
Websitehttp:// weifang.gov.cn/

Weifang(simplified Chinese:Duy phường;traditional Chinese:Duy phường;pinyin:Wéifāng) is aprefecture-level cityin centralShandongprovince,People's Republic of China.The city bordersDongyingto the northwest,Ziboto the west,Linyito the southwest,Rizhaoto the south,Qingdaoto the east, and looks out to theLaizhou Bayto the north. Its population was 9,386,705 at the 2020 census, of whom 3,095,520 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of four urban districts (Kuiwen, Weicheng, Hanting and Fangzi) and Changle County largely being urbanized.

Weifang has numerous natural and historic sites, such as Shihu Garden (from the Late Ming and earlyQing dynasty), Fangong Pavilion (from theSong dynasty), fossil sites (including dinosaurfossils,in Shanwang,Linqu), Mount Yi National Forest Park, Mount Qingyun and theOld Dragon Spring.Painted New YearwoodcutsfromYangjiabuare also well known.[3]The city is served byWeifang Airportto various cities across China.[4]

Administration

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Theprefecture-level cityof Weifang administers 12county-level divisions,including fourdistricts,sixcounty-level citiesand twocounties.Weifang City governs 4 districts:Kuiwen,Weicheng,Hanting,andFangzi;6 county-level cities:Qingzhou,Zhucheng,Shouguang,Anqiu,Gaomi,andChangyi;and 2 counties:LinquandChangle.County-level cities are at the same level as counties, so there are 12 districts and counties. In addition, there are 59 streets and 59 towns in the city.[5]The residents are mainlyHan,with 50 ethnic minorities includingHuiandManchu.Weifang Municipal Government is located in Weifang City, Kuiwen District, No. 99 Shengli East Street.[6]

Map
Subdivision Chinese Pinyin
Weicheng District Duy thành nội Wéichéng Qū
Hanting District Hàn đình khu Hántíng Qū
Fangzi District Phường tử khu Fāngzǐ Qū
Kuiwen District Khuê văn khu Kuǐwén Qū
Linqu County Lâm cù huyện Línqú Xiàn
Changle County Xương nhạc huyện Chānglè Xiàn
Qingzhou Thành phố Thanh Châu Qīngzhōu Shì
Zhucheng Chư thành thị Zhūchéng Shì
Shouguang Thọ quang thị Shòuguāng Shì
Anqiu Thành phố An Khâu Ānqiū Shì
Gaomi Cao mật thị Gāomì Shì
Changyi Xương Ấp thị Chāngyì Shì

Geography and climate

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Nearby major cities includeJinanandZiboto the west,Yantaito the northeast andQingdaoto the southeast.

Weifang has amonsoon-influenced, four-seasonhumid continental climate(KöppenDwa), with hot, humid summers, and cold but dry winters. Monthly daily average temperatures range from −2.8 °C (27.0 °F) in January to 26.3 °C (79.3 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 12.71 °C (54.9 °F). More than 70% of the annual precipitation occurs from June to September, and sunshine is generally abundant year-round. A majority of the annual precipitation occurs in July and August alone. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 47% in July to 62% in April, the city receives 2,536 hours of bright sunshine annually, sunshine is abundant except during the summer months.[7]

Climate data for Weifang (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.6
(63.7)
24.2
(75.6)
31.5
(88.7)
34.9
(94.8)
40.7
(105.3)
41.4
(106.5)
39.5
(103.1)
37.3
(99.1)
39.0
(102.2)
35.8
(96.4)
26.3
(79.3)
22.6
(72.7)
41.4
(106.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 3.5
(38.3)
7.1
(44.8)
13.6
(56.5)
20.4
(68.7)
26.1
(79.0)
30.3
(86.5)
31.6
(88.9)
30.4
(86.7)
27.0
(80.6)
21.1
(70.0)
12.8
(55.0)
5.7
(42.3)
19.1
(66.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −2.3
(27.9)
0.8
(33.4)
6.7
(44.1)
13.6
(56.5)
19.6
(67.3)
24.1
(75.4)
26.7
(80.1)
25.6
(78.1)
21.2
(70.2)
14.7
(58.5)
6.8
(44.2)
0.0
(32.0)
13.1
(55.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −6.6
(20.1)
−4.2
(24.4)
1.0
(33.8)
7.4
(45.3)
13.4
(56.1)
18.6
(65.5)
22.5
(72.5)
21.7
(71.1)
16.2
(61.2)
9.5
(49.1)
2.0
(35.6)
−4.2
(24.4)
8.1
(46.6)
Record low °C (°F) −17.2
(1.0)
−17.9
(−0.2)
−11.6
(11.1)
−6.8
(19.8)
0.9
(33.6)
6.3
(43.3)
12.9
(55.2)
13.0
(55.4)
4.0
(39.2)
−4.3
(24.3)
−11.7
(10.9)
−16.5
(2.3)
−17.9
(−0.2)
Averageprecipitationmm (inches) 6.4
(0.25)
12.7
(0.50)
12.8
(0.50)
27.9
(1.10)
48.7
(1.92)
76.9
(3.03)
131.1
(5.16)
160.0
(6.30)
52.9
(2.08)
28.1
(1.11)
26.6
(1.05)
10.3
(0.41)
594.4
(23.41)
Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) 2.9 3.2 3.3 5.3 6.6 7.7 11.4 11.5 6.0 5.2 4.6 3.9 71.6
Average snowy days 3.8 3.5 1.3 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8 2.7 12.2
Averagerelative humidity(%) 64 61 56 58 62 66 77 80 73 68 67 64 66
Mean monthlysunshine hours 166.1 167.9 218.0 234.6 258.7 224.9 192.2 193.5 202.7 197.5 165.6 165.6 2,387.3
Percentpossible sunshine 54 55 58 59 59 51 43 47 55 57 55 55 54
Source:China Meteorological Administration[8][9][10]

Economy

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The city is home to the largediesel enginecompany and factoryWeichai,andShengrui Transmissionmanufacturer.[11]The village ofYangjiabuin Hanting District is famous for folk wood-block print (nianhua) andkiteproduction.[12]

In the 1980s, manysapphiredeposits were discovered inChangle County.According to released information, billions of carats of sapphire are estimated to lie under an area of 450 km2(170 sq mi).[13]Mining here has become one of the top four sapphire producers in the world. The main feature of this sapphire is the dark blue or close to black color because of the high iron content.

Established in August 1995, the Weifang Binhai Economic & Technological Development Area (BEDA) is a national economic and technological development area approved by the State Council. Covering an area of 677 km2(261 sq mi), BEDA has a population of 100,000. BEDA possesses a large state-owned industrial land for use with an area of 400 km2(150 sq mi). BEDA has been accredited as a National Demonstration Zone invigorating the Sea by Science and Technology, National Innovation Base for Rejuvenating Trade through Science and Technology and National Demonstration Eco-Industry Park.

Weifang is an important economic center of Shandong Province, with numerous shopping centers. Fangzi Taihua City, located in Fangzi District, Weifang City, was built by Shandong Century Taihua Group with a construction area of about 130,000 square meters and equipped with 1,200 parking spaces. It officially opened on September 17, 2021.[14]

Military

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Weifang is the headquarters of the26th Group Armyof thePeople's Liberation Army,one of the three group armies that comprise theJinan Military Regionresponsible for defense of the Yellow River Plain.[15]

History

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Weifang has a long history. According to archaeological discoveries, there are more than 1,800ancient cultural sitesin different times in China. Among them, the firstBeixincultural relic in eastern Shandong was found in taoyuan village,Qingzhou;The ancient castle site ofLongshanculture excavated byShouguangBianxian Wang is rare in China. The typical Longshan cultural site inYaoguanzhuang,Weicheng Districtis rich in unearthed relics, far exceeding the excavation ofChengziyasite before liberation.

This shows that as early as 7000 years ago, our ancestors lived here. InXiaandShang dynasties,there were such countries as pouring irrigation, pouring bamboo, cold and three longevity. At the beginning of theZhoudynasty,King Wusealed the state and founded the country, and made Tai Gong Wang Yu Qi and Du Yingqiu (now in Changle). To theSpring and Autumn period,the present municipal districts once belonged toQi,Lu, Qi, Ju and other countries. During the Warring States period, most of the current ministries were in harmony, and Wulian andZhuchengbelonged to Shandong.

As early as theNeolithic Age,there were ancestors living next to the old roads of Weihe River and Mihe River in Weifang. The ancient tribal people living here are called "Dongyi people".They have created a rich and colorfulDongyi culture,which is one of the sources ofChinese civilization.

During theEastern Zhou dynasty,Weifang belonged to the same land, bordering theBohai Seain the north, and it had the advantage of "fish and salt". Counties were established inQin dynasty,and most of Weifang belonged to Jiaodong County, Qi County andLangya County.In the fifth year of Emperor Yuan Feng of the Han dynasty (106 BC), Qingzhou Secretariat Department was established, which was located in Guang County (located in Qingzhou today). During the Sixteen Kingdoms period of the Eastern Jin dynasty, Murong De, a Xianbei people, established the Southern Yan regime, whose capital was located in Guanggu City (nowQingzhou City,Weifang), and in the 16th year of Emperor Kai ofSui dynasty(596), it was located in Weizhou.

During this period, as one of the earliest areas where Buddhism was introduced into the Han dynasty, Weifang became the center of Buddhism in Qilu, leaving a large number of Buddhist cultural relics, such as the hoard of Buddhist statues in long xing temple, Qingzhou and Tuoshan, and the statues in Yunmen Mountain and Shimenfang Grottoes.

A historic German train station in Euro Town, Weifang

Culture

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Kite flying

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Kite Museum in Weifang

Kite flyingis a traditional custom among the people in Weifang in spring time. In 1984, the first international kite festival was held in Weifang. More than ten thousand kite fans attended the opening ceremony. People from eleven countries and regions, including the United States and Canada, took part in the festival, flying kites. Since then, Weifang holds theWeifang International Kite Festivaleach year. It is held each April.[16]

Painting

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Annual Board ofYangjiabu(Dương gia phụ mộc bản tranh tết), one of the three most famous Chinese folk paintings in history, began from the end of theMing dynasty.It reached the peak of its development during theQing dynasty.People usually replace the old Annual Broads with the new ones on the eve ofSpring Festival,which is the most important festival in China, in order to give blessings to the family and friends for the following year. The subjects of Annual Board of Yangjiabu are various, which include flowers, beauties, landscapes, characters from myths and legends. The architecture skills such as concise lines and bright colors reflect the distinctive characteristics of people in Weifang.[17]

Papercutting

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Chinese papercutting,in a style that is practically identical to the original 6th century form

Papercutting,the art of cutting paper designs, has a long history in the city of Gaomi. This widespread handicraft has unique styles, such as strong contrast in color, straight and simple line and exaggerated outline. The characters mostly come from the dramatic stories, flowers and birds, as well as some fantastic symbols.[18]

Chinese New Year picture made of painted ash

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Gaomi ash New Year's paintings ( cao mật phác hôi tranh tết ) are an ancient type of Chinese folk art, which first appeared in the Ming dynasty during the Chenghua period and flourished in the Qing dynasty.[19]

On 20 May 2006, GaoMi ash New Year paintings were approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. October 31, 2023, the "national intangible cultural heritage representative project protection unit list" was announced, the original protection unit of the project there are significant changes in the nature of the unit, institutions and other aspects, does not have the basic conditions of the protection unit and so on, re-identified as the protection unit of gaomi city public cultural service centre.

Cuisine

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There are three dishes representative of Weifang:

  • Ji-Ya Hele(Gà vịt hoà thuận vui vẻ) Weifang Ji-Ya Hele is said to have originated inShanxiprovince. Later on, it was brought to Weifang. The name "Hele" (Hoà thuận vui vẻ),[20]a kind of noodle, was developed from the word "Helou" (Khuôn bột), a noodle name once used in history. Weifang Ji-Ya Hele is cooked with various ingredients, stewed with chicken and duck soup. To make delicious "Hele" Noodles, we need to put the "Hele" noodles into the pot. After it is fully boiled, chicken, duck, Sliced Meatball, salted vegetables or spicy oil is added into the noodles. In 1997, Ji-Ya Hele was honored as a "Chinese Famous Snack" by China Cuisine Association.
  • Rou Huo Shao(Thịt lửa đốt;'meat pie "')[citation needed]Meat Pie is the most famous cuisine in Weifang. Weifang Meat Pie has a long history and variety. "Mirror" recorded in Han Zhao Qi people living in the North Sea (i.e. Weifang) to sell Weifang Meat pie for a living. This is an example of an earlier business written records since the Meat pIe. Whether it is in the morning or at noon, in front of the shop is always a long row waiting for the pie. The shop is generally build along the street. Bite, coke dough rattling, in a high temperature furnace after repeatedly turning roast, pork moisten the green onion, egg, chopped dried shrimps fillings inside, aroma, mouth-watering produce the feeling, entrance juicy, full taste, people aftertaste.[21]
  • Chao Tian Guo(Hướng lên trời nồi). Chao Tian Guo is a local specialty of Weifang. This food is known as created byZheng Banqiaoduring theQianlongperiod of theQing dynasty.The main materials of Chao Tian Guo is thin pancake, meat ball, pig offal, tofu, and soy with the soup. The merchants use a huge pot to cook these materials and the customers can sit around this pot. The reason why it called Chao Tian Guo is "Chao Tian" in Chinese means the pot has no cover and the pot is facing to the sky ( "Guo" in Chinese is means pot).[22]

Education

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There are 9 universities and colleges in Weifang, namelyShandong University of Scienceand Technology Weifang Campus,Weifang College,Weifang Medical College,Shandong TechnologyandBusiness College,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Weifang Campus, Weifang Vocational College, Shandong Jiaotong University Weifang Campus, Weifang Science and Technology Vocational College College and Weifang Nursing Vocational College.

Among them,Weifang Campus of Shandong University of Science and Technologyis the onlycomprehensive universityin Weifang, which was founded in 1951 and is a high-level university supported by Shandong Province. The school covers an area of about 2500 mu and has 16 colleges, coveringengineering,science,management,literature,law,education,art,life science,agricultural science,medicineand other disciplines. The school pays attention to teaching and scientific research, has a group of excellent teachers and graduate students, and has trained a large number of outstanding talents, which has made great contributions to the local economic and social development.

In addition to Weifang Campus of ShandongUniversity of ScienceandTechnology,there are manyundergraduate collegesandvocational collegesin Weifang, such as Weifang College, shandong institute of business and technology and Weifang Campus of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. These schools have excellent teachers and teaching facilities in their respective fields, which have trained a large number of local professionals and made important contributions tolocal economicand social development.

In a word, Weifang has many excellent universities and institutions of higher learning, which have made important contributions to local education and economic development. These schools have excellent teaching and scientific research achievements in their respective fields, which provide strong support and guarantee for local economic and social development.

Weifang UniversityandWeifang Medical Universityare universities in the city.On 28 December 2023,Weifang Medical Universityformally changed its name toShandong Second Medical University.[23]

Notable people

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In addition,Kong Rong,Fan Zhongyan,Ouyang Xiu,Su Dongpo,Zheng Banqiao,et al. have worked in Weifang historically. Examples of notable individuals from the city in more recent years includeWang Jinmei,Chen Shaomin,Wang Yuan gian,Wang TongzhaoandZang Kejia.[citation needed]

References

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  1. ^"China: Shāndōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  2. ^"Shandong Statistical Yearbook-2016".stats-sd.gov.cn.
  3. ^Yiqi, Zhuiji (2021-02-01)."Công lược | Sơn Đông duy phường cả nước trọng điểm văn vật bảo hộ đơn vị ( 22 chỗ ) vừa xem"[Tips|Shandong Weifang national key cultural relics protection units (22) list].Baidu(in Chinese).Retrieved2024-04-17.
  4. ^Da, Zhongwang (2023-03-18)."Hạ thu tân hàng quý, duy phường sân bay thông tàu thuyền thành thị 18 cái!"[In the new summer and fall seasons, Weifang Airport is open to 18 cities!].Baidu(in Chinese).Retrieved2024-04-19.
  5. ^"2016 năm thống kê dùng phân ranh giới số hiệu · duy phường thị"[en:Area Codes for Statistical Purposes in 2016-Weifang City].National Bureau of Statistics( Trung Quốc quốc gia thống kê cục )(in Chinese). 2016-03-01.Retrieved2024-04-10.
  6. ^"Sơn Đông tỉnh duy phường thị khuê văn khu thắng lợi phố đông 99 hào - duy phường thị dân tộc cùng tôn giáo sự vụ quản lý cục"[No. 99, Shengli East Street, Quiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong Province - Weifang Ethnic and Religious Affairs Bureau].Duy phường bản đồ(in Chinese). 2013-12-06.Retrieved2024-05-09.
  7. ^"Duy phường khí hậu bối cảnh phân tích"[en:Climatological background analysis for Weifang].zh: Trung Quốc thời tiết(in Chinese). 2024-04-12.
  8. ^Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng – WeatherBk Data(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved12 August2023.
  9. ^ Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved12 August2023.
  10. ^ Trung Quốc mặt đất quốc tế trao đổi trạm khí hậu tiêu chuẩn giá trị nguyệt giá trị số liệu tập ( 1971-2000 năm ).China Meteorological Administration.Archived fromthe originalon 2013-09-21.Retrieved2010-05-25.
  11. ^"Shandong company launches 8AT automatic transmission".shandong.chinadaily.cn.The Information Office of Shandong Provincial People’s Government. 8 March 2022.Retrieved5 August2023.
  12. ^"Phi di | duy phường phi di, chạy dài ngàn năm tân hỏa độ ấm —— lấy diều, tranh tết vì lệ"[Intangible Heritage | Weifang Intangible Cultural Heritage, extending a thousand years of salary temperature - kites, New Year's paintings, for example].suohu(in Chinese). 2023-06-19.Retrieved2024-04-17.
  13. ^"Toàn cầu mời thợ khéo, đá quý đãi cân nhắc"[The world invites craftsmen, gems to be faceted].cctv(in Chinese). 2010-08-02.Retrieved2024-04-28.
  14. ^"Thêm nữa kinh tế phát triển tân động cơ! Duy phường phường tử khu đệ nhất gia hiện đại hoá thương nghiệp tổng hợp thể chính thức mở cửa nạp khách"[Adding a new engine of economic development! Weifang Fangzi District's first modern commercial complex officially opened its doors to customers].weifang.iqilu(in Chinese). 2021-09-17.Retrieved2024-04-17.
  15. ^Wang, Xiaoyi (2007-03-27)."Quân giải phóng nhân dân Trung Quốc lục quân tập đoàn quân giản sử"[Brief History of the Army Group of the Chinese People's Liberation Army].Võng dễ(in Chinese).Retrieved2024-05-09.
  16. ^Pictures of the 22nd Weifang Kite FestivalArchivedMay 25, 2009, at theWayback Machine
  17. ^"Dương gia phụ mộc bản tranh tết"[Yangjiabu woodblock print].Overseas Chinese Language and Culture Education Online(in Chinese). 2022-05-02.Retrieved2024-04-28.
  18. ^"Duy phường thị nông thôn văn hóa chấn hưng | một phen kéo, cắt xuất thế gian vạn vật"[Weifang Rural Cultural Revitalization|A pair of scissors cuts out all things in the world].Pengpai(in Chinese). 2023-12-24.Retrieved2024-04-20.
  19. ^"Duy phường phác hôi tranh tết tác phẩm thưởng thức"[en:Weifang ash New Year's Paintings].zh: Chồi non đồ giải võng(in Simplified Chinese).Retrieved2023-11-03.
  20. ^Gao, Cui (2019-08-31)."Sơn Đông duy phường" gà vịt hoà thuận vui vẻ ", rốt cuộc là một loại cái gì nhạc"[en:Weifang, Shandong "chicken and duck and music", in the end what is a kind of music].zh: Sưu hồ(in Simplified Chinese).Retrieved2023-11-23.
  21. ^Yutou, Demeishi (2023-01-16)."Duy phường thịt lửa đốt là Sơn Đông một loại đặc sắc ăn vặt, thuộc về lỗ tự điển món ăn"[en:Weifang meat fire roast is a specialty snack in Shandong, belonging to the Lu cuisine family].zh: Baidu(in Simplified Chinese).Retrieved2023-11-03.
  22. ^Chen, Ping Li (2016-04-15)."Đầu lưỡi thượng duy phường chi hướng lên trời nồi địa phương đặc sắc phi di truyền thừa"[en:Weifang on the tip of the tongue of the ChaoTian pot local characteristics of non-genetic inheritance].zh: Đại chúng võng(in Simplified Chinese).Retrieved2023-11-23.
  23. ^Yin, Minglang (2023-12-28)."Sơn Đông đệ nhị y khoa đại học chính thức treo biển hành nghề"[en:Shandong Second Medical University officially opened].BAIDU(in Chinese).Retrieved2024-04-12.
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