Wisutthithewi
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| Wisutthithewi | |
|---|---|
| Queen regnant of Lan Naunder Burmese rule | |
| Reign | 1564 - 1578 |
| Predecessor | Mekuti |
| Successor | Nawrahta Minsaw |
| Died | October 1578 |
| Burial | |
Wisutthithewi(Thai:พระนางวิสุทธิเทวี) wasqueen regnantofLan Nafrom 1564 to 1578.[1]
Names
[edit]Wisutthithewi's name is variously romanizedVisuddhidevi,Wisutthi Thewi,andWisuthithewi.While the Chiang Mai Chronicle consistently records her name asWisutthathewi,the Yonok Chronicle prefers Wisutthithewi. She also has a number of names across extant historical sources: in the Burmese andChiang Saenchronicles, she is referred to asLady Wisutthathewi,and is also calledMaha Dewi(မဟာဒေဝီ,Mahādevī) inU Kala's chronicle,Maha Yazawin,and asRatcha Thewi(Rājadevī) andNang Thewiin other sources.[2]
Early life
[edit]Wisutthithewi's origins are unclear; she may have been a daughter of Ket Chettharat, a ruler of Chiang Mai, or Princess Ton Kham, the youngest daughter of Chettharat.[3]She may have been thequeen consortof her predecessorMekuti.
Reign
[edit]The reign of her predecessor,Mekuti,sawLan Natransition into avassal stateof theToungoo empire.[4]In 1564, she was installed asqueen regnantbyBayinnaung,in response to Mekuti's refusal to join Bayinnaung's military campaign againstAyutthaya,which was seen by Bayinnaung as an act of rebellion.[5][6]
Throughout her fourteen-year reign, Lan Na enjoyed political stability, and Wisutthithewi offered tribute to the Toungoo empire, in exchange for political stability in her dominion,[3]which had seen recurrent instability from raids and conflicts with neighboring territories.
Wisutthithewi is portrayed in a contemporaneous Thai epic poemKhlong mangthra rop Chiang Mai(โคลงมังทรารบเชียงใหม่,lit. 'the "Epic of Mintaya's war against Chiang Mai'), written by an anonymous Lan Na author.[3]The poem mentions a queen, Mae Mintaya Sri, which implies that she may have been wed to Bayinnaung.[7]However, no other Burmese or Lan Na sources corroborate any marriage between Bayinnaung and Wisutthithewi; moreover, no Chiang Mai princess is listed among Bayinnaung's queens and concubines in these sources.[7]
Death
[edit]Wisutthithewi died in October 1578, and news of her death reachedPeguin January 1579.[2]Following her death,Bayinnaungappointed his sonNawrahta Minsawas her successor.[5]The ashes of Wisutthithewi are interred in achediatWat Lok MoliinChiang Mai.[8]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Fry, Gerald W.; Nieminen, Gayla S.; Smith, Harold E. (2013-08-08).Historical Dictionary of Thailand.Scarecrow Press.ISBN978-0-8108-7525-8.
- ^abKirigaya, Ken (2014-11-29)."Some Annotations to The Chiang Mai Chronicle: The Era of Burmese Rule in Lan Na".Journal of the Siam Society.102:257–290.ISSN2651-1851.
- ^abcRatana, Pakdeekul (2009)."Social strategies in creating roles for women in Lan Na and Lan Sang from the thirteenth to the nineteenth centuries".ULB Münster.Retrieved2020-05-17.
- ^Premchit, Sommai (1997).ตํานานสิบห้าราชวงศ์: ฉบับสอบชําระ(in Thai). Sathāban Wičhai Sangkhom, Mahāwitthayālai Chīang Mai.
- ^abVeidlinger, Daniel M. (2006).Spreading the Dhamma: Writing, Orality, And Textual Transmission in Buddhist Northern Thailand.University of Hawaii Press.ISBN978-0-8248-3024-3.
- ^Forbes, Andrew (2011-07-20)."Ancient Chiang Mai: King Mae Ku: From Lan Na Monarch to Burmese Nat".CPA.Archived fromthe originalon 2011-07-20.Retrieved2020-05-17.
- ^abSimms, Sanda (2013-10-11).The Kingdoms of Laos.Routledge.ISBN978-1-136-86330-1.
- ^May 2020, Ben (2020-05-01)."Wat Lok Moli: Ancient Lanna's Best Architecture".Paths Unwritten.Retrieved2020-05-17.
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