Witting polytope

Witting polytope
Schläfli symbol	3{3}3{3}3{3}3
Coxeter diagram
Cells	2403{3}3{3}3
Faces	21603{3}3
Edges	21603{}
Vertices	240
Petrie polygon	30-gon
van Oss polygon	903{4}3
Shephard group	L4=3[3]3[3]3[3]3,order 155,520
Dual polyhedron	Self-dual
Properties	Regular

In 4-dimensional complexgeometry,theWitting polytopeis aregular complex polytope,named as:₃{3}₃{3}₃{3}₃,andCoxeter diagram.It has 240 vertices, 2160₃{} edges, 2160₃{3}₃faces, and 240₃{3}₃{3}₃cells. It is self-dual. Each vertex belongs to 27 edges, 72 faces, and 27 cells, corresponding to theHessian polyhedronvertex figure.

Symmetry

Its symmetry by₃[3]₃[3]₃[3]₃or,order 155,520.It has 240 copies of,order 648 at each cell.

Structure

Theconfiguration matrixis: $\left[{\begin{smallmatrix}240&27&72&27\\3&2160&8&8\\8&8&2160&3\\27&72&27&240\end{smallmatrix}}\right]$

The number of vertices, edges, faces, and cells are seen in the diagonal of the matrix. These are computed by the order of the group divided by the order of the subgroup, by removing certain complex reflections, shown with X below. The number of elements of the k-faces are seen in rows below the diagonal. The number of elements in the vertex figure, etc., are given in rows above the digonal.

L4		k-face	fk	f0	f1	f2	f3	k-figure	Notes
L3		( )	f0	240	27	72	27	3{3}3{3}3	L4/L3= 216*6!/27/4! = 240
L2L1		3{ }	f1	3	2160	8	8	3{3}3	L4/L2L1= 216*6!/4!/3 = 2160
		3{3}3	f2	8	8	2160	3	3{ }
L3		3{3}3{3}3	f3	27	72	27	240	( )	L4/L3= 216*6!/27/4! = 240

Its 240 vertices are given coordinates in$\mathbb {C} ^{4}$:

(0, ±ωμ,-±ων,±ωλ) (-±ωμ,0, ±ων,±ωλ) (±ωμ,-±ων,0, ±ωλ) (-±ωλ,-±ωμ,-±ων,0)

(±iωλ√3, 0, 0, 0) (0, ±iωλ√3, 0, 0) (0, 0, ±iωλ√3, 0) (0, 0, 0, ±iωλ√3)

where$\ Omega ={\tfrac {-1+i{\sqrt {3}}}{2}},\lambda,\nu,\mu =0,1,2$.

The last 6 points form hexagonalholeson one of its 40 diameters. There are 40hyperplanescontain central₃{3}₃{4}₂,figures, with 72 vertices.

Witting configuration

Coxeter named it afterAlexander Wittingfor being aWittingconfigurationin complex projective 3-space:

$\left[{\begin{smallmatrix}40&12&12\\2&240&2\\12&12&40\end{smallmatrix}}\right]$or$\left[{\begin{smallmatrix}40&9&12\\4&90&4\\12&9&40\end{smallmatrix}}\right]$

The Witting configuration is related to the finite space PG(3,2²), consisting of 85 points, 357 lines, and 85 planes.

Related real polytope

Its 240 vertices are shared with the real 8-dimensional polytope4₂₁,.Its 2160 3-edges are sometimes drawn as 6480 simple edges, slightly less than the 6720 edges of 4₂₁.The 240 difference is accounted by 40 central hexagons in 4₂₁whose edges are not included in₃{3}₃{3}₃{3}₃.

The honeycomb of Witting polytopes

The regular Witting polytope has one further stage as a4-dimensional honeycomb,.It has the Witting polytope as both its facets, and vertex figure. It is self-dual, and its dual coincides with itself.

Hyperplane sections of this honeycomb include 3-dimensional honeycombs.

The honeycomb of Witting polytopes has a real representation as the 8-dimensional polytope5₂₁,.

Itsf-vectorelement counts are in proportion: 1, 80, 270, 80, 1.Theconfiguration matrixfor the honeycomb is:

L5		k-face	fk	f0	f1	f2	f3	f4	k-figure	Notes
L4		( )	f0	N	240	2160	2160	240	3{3}3{3}3{3}3	L5/L4=N
L3L1		3{ }	f1	3	80N	27	72	27	3{3}3{3}3	L5/L3L1= 80N
L2L2		3{3}3	f2	8	8	270N	8	8	3{3}3	L5/L2L2= 270N
L3L1		3{3}3{3}3	f3	27	72	27	80N	3	3{}	L5/L3L1= 80N
L4		3{3}3{3}3{3}3	f4	240	2160	2160	240	N	( )	L5/L4=N

References

• Coxeter, H. S. M.and Moser, W. O. J.;Generators and Relations for Discrete Groups(1965), esp pp 67–80.
• Coxeter, H. S. M.;Regular Complex Polytopes,Cambridge University Press, second edition (1991). pp. 132–5, 143, 146, 152.
• Coxeter, H. S. M.and Shephard, G.C.; Portraits of a family of complex polytopes,LeonardoVol 25, No 3/4, (1992), pp 239–244[1]