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The World Factbook
Emblem of The World Factbook
LanguageEnglish
SubjectGeneral
GenreAlmanacabout the countries of the world
PublisherCentral Intelligence Agency
Publication date
Seefrequency of updates and availability,no longer published in paper book form by the CIA
Publication placeUnited States
Websitewww.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/Edit this at Wikidata

The World Factbook,also known as theCIA World Factbook,[1]is a reference resource produced by theCentral Intelligence Agency(CIA) withalmanac-style information about the countries of the world. The official print version is available from theGovernment Publishing Office.TheFactbookis available in the form of a website that is partially updated every week. It is also available for download for use off-line. It provides a two- to three-page summary of thedemographics,geography,communications,government,economy,andmilitaryof 266 international entities,[2]includingU.S.-recognizedcountries, dependencies, and other areas in the world.

The World Factbookis prepared by the CIA for the use ofU.S. governmentofficials, and its style, format, coverage, and content are primarily designed to meet their requirements.[3]It is also frequently used as a resource for academic research papers and news articles.[4]As awork of the U.S. government,it is in thepublic domain in the United States.[5]

Sources

[edit]
Cover of the U.S. government print edition ofThe World Factbook(2022 edition)

In researching theFactbook,the CIA uses the sources listed below. Other public and private sources are also consulted.[6]

[edit]
The World Factbookwebsite as it appeared in December 2014

TheFactbookis in thepublic domainand may be redistributed in part or in whole without need for permission,[6]although the CIA requests that theFactbookbecitedif used.[5]Copying the official seal of the CIA without permission is prohibited by the US federalCentral Intelligence Agency Act of 1949(50 U.S.C.§ 403m).

Frequency of updates and availability

[edit]

Before November 2001,The World Factbookwebsite was updated yearly;[7]from 2004 to 2010 it was updated every two weeks;[7]since 2010 it has been updated weekly.[8]Generally, information currently available as of January 1 of the current year[9]is used in preparing theFactbook.

Government edition

[edit]

The firstclassifiededition ofFactbookwas published in August 1962, and the first unclassified version in June 1971.[10]The World Factbookwas first available to the public in print in 1975.[10]Until 2008 the CIA printed theFactbook;from then it has been printed by the Government Printing Office[11]following a CIA decision to "focus Factbook resources" on the online edition.[12]TheFactbookhas been available via theWorld Wide Websince October 1994,[13]receiving about six million visits per month in 2006;[4]it can also be downloaded.[14]The official printed version is sold[15]by theGovernment Printing OfficeandNational Technical Information Service.In past years, theFactbookwas available onCD-ROM,[16]microfiche,[17]magnetic tape,[17]andfloppy disk.[17]

Reprints and older editions online

[edit]

Many Internet sites use information and images from the CIAWorld Factbook.[18]Several publishers, including Grand River Books,[19]Potomac Books (formerly known as Brassey's Inc.),[20]andSkyhorse Publishing[21]have published theFactbookin recent years. Older editions since 2000 may be downloaded (but not browsed) from theFactbookWeb site.[5]

Entities listed

[edit]
Map of the world published by theCIA World Factbookin 2016

As of July 2011,The World Factbookcomprises 266 entities,[2]which can be divided into the following categories:[22]

Independent countries
The CIA defines these as people "politically organized into a sovereign state with a definite territory."[22]In this category, there are 195 entities.
Others
Places set apart from the list of independent countries. Currently there are two:Taiwanand theEuropean Union.
Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty
Places affiliated with another country. They may be subcategorized by affiliated country:
Miscellaneous
Antarcticaand places in dispute. There are six such entities.
Other entities
TheWorldand theoceans.There are five oceans and the World (the World entry is intended as a summary of the other entries).[4]

Territorial issues and controversies

[edit]

Political

[edit]

Areas not covered

[edit]

Specific regions within a country or areas in dispute among countries, such asKashmir,are not covered,[23]but other areas of the world whose status is disputed, such as theSpratly Islands,have entries.[23][24]Subnational areas of countries (such asU.S. statesor theCanadian provinces and territories) are not included in theFactbook.Instead, users looking for information about subnational areas are referred to "a comprehensive encyclopedia" for their reference needs.[25]This criterion was invoked in the 2007[26]and 2011[27]editions with the decision to drop the entries forFrench Guiana,Guadeloupe,Martinique,Mayotte,andReunion.They were dropped because besides beingoverseas departments,they were nowoverseas regions,and an integral part of France.[26][27]Since theTrump administration'srecognitionof Morocco's sovereignty overWestern Saharain late 2020, most of its data has been merged into Morocco's page.[28][29]

Chagos Archipelago

[edit]

Some entries on the World Factbook are known to be in line with the political views and agenda of theUnited States.The United States is said to have been behind both the excision of theChagos Archipelagofrom Mauritian territory and theforcible expulsionof theChagossiansfrom their lands to establish amilitary baseon one of the island of the archipelago, namelyDiego Garcia.[30]The US does notrecognisethe sovereignty ofMauritiusover the Chagos Archipelago and the archipelago is listed as theBritish Indian Ocean Territoryon the CIA Website.[31]The website further erroneously mentioned that the Chagos Archipelago is also claimed by the Seychelles,[31]while officially 116 countries including the Seychelles against only 6 countries including the United States voted in favor of aUnited Nations General Assembly resolutiondated 24 May 2019 which called upon the UK to withdraw its colonial administration from the Chagos Archipelago unconditionally to enable Mauritius to complete the decolonization of its territory as rapidly as possible.[32][33]

Kashmir

[edit]

Maps depicting Kashmir have theIndo-Pakistani borderdrawn at theLine of Control,but the region ofKashmir administered by Chinadrawn in hash marks.[34]

Northern Cyprus

[edit]

Northern Cyprus,which the U.S. considers part of theRepublic of Cyprus,is not given a separate entry because "territorial occupations/annexations not recognized by the United States Government are not shown on U.S. Government maps."[35]

Taiwan/Republic of China

[edit]

The name "Republic of China" is not listed asTaiwan's official name under the "Government" section,[36]due to U.S. acknowledgement of Beijing'sOne-China policyaccording to which there is one China and Taiwan is a part of it.[37]The name "Republic of China" was briefly added on January 27, 2005,[38]but has since been changed back to "none".[36]Of theFactbook's two maps ofChina,one highlights theisland of Taiwanas part of the country[34]while the other does not.[39]

Disputed South China Sea Islands

[edit]

TheParacel IslandsandSpratly Islands,subjects of territorial disputes, have entries in theFactbookwhere they are not listed as the territory of any one nation. The disputed claims to the islands are discussed in the entries.[40][41]

Burma/Myanmar

[edit]

The U.S. does not recognize the renaming ofBurmaby itsruling military juntatoMyanmarand thus keeps its entry for the country under theBurmaname.[42]

North Macedonia

[edit]

The country was first entered asMacedoniain theFactbookupon independence in 1992.[43]In the 1994 edition, the name of the entry was changed to theFormer Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,as it is recognised by the United Nations (pending resolution of theMacedonia naming dispute).[44][45]For the next decade, this was the name the nation was listed under. In the 2004 edition of theFactbook,the name of the entry was changed back toMacedonia,following a November 2004 U.S. decision to refer to the country using this name.[46][47][48]On February 19, 2019, the entry was renamed toNorth Macedoniafollowing the country's name change to theRepublic of North Macedonia.

European Union

[edit]

On December 16, 2004, the CIA added an entry for theEuropean Union(EU) for the first time.[49][50]The "What's New" section of the 2005Factbookstates: "The European Union continues to accruemore nation-like characteristicsfor itself and so a separate listing was deemed appropriate. "[37]

United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges and Iles Eparses

[edit]

In the 2006 edition ofThe World Factbook,the entries forBaker Island,Howland Island,Jarvis Island,Kingman Reef,Johnston Atoll,Palmyra Atolland theMidway Islandswere merged into a newUnited States Pacific Island Wildlife Refugesentry.[51]The old entries for each individual insular area remain as redirects on theFactbookwebsite.[52]On September 7, 2006, the CIA also merged the entries forBassas da India,Europa Island,theGlorioso Islands,Juan de Nova Island,andTromelin Islandinto a newIles Eparsesentry.[53]As with the new United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges entry, the old entries for these five islands remained as redirects on the website.[54]On July 19, 2007, the Iles Eparses entry and redirects for each island were dropped due to the group becoming a district of theFrench Southern and Antarctic Landsin February.[55]

Serbia and Montenegro/Yugoslavia

[edit]

TheSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia(SFRY) broke apart in 1991. The following year, it was replaced in theFactbookwith entries for each of its former constituent republics.[43]In doing this, the CIA listed theFederal Republic of Yugoslavia(FRY), proclaimed in 1992, asSerbia and Montenegro,as the U.S. did not recognize the union between the two republics.[56][57]This was done in accordance with a May 21, 1992, decision by the U.S. not to recognize any of the former Yugoslav republics[58][59]assuccessor statesto the recently dissolved SFRY.

A map ofSerbia and Montenegrofrom the 2000 edition ofThe World Factbook.[60]Notice how the disclaimer is printed in the upper right hand corner. One can see how the capital cities of both republics are individually labeled on the map.

These views were made clear in a disclaimer printed in theFactbook:"Serbia and Montenegro have asserted the formation of a joint independent state, but this entity has not been recognized as a state by the United States."[61]Montenegro and Serbia were treated separately in theFactbookdata, as can be seen on the map.[62]In October 2000,Slobodan Miloševićwasforced out of officeafter a disputed election.[63]This event led to democratic elections and U.S. diplomatic recognition. The 2001 edition of theFactbookthus referred to the state asYugoslavia.[64]On March 14, 2002, an agreement was signed to transform the FRY into a loose state union calledSerbia and Montenegro;[65]it took effect on February 4, 2003.[66]The name of the Yugoslavia entity was altered in theFactbookthe month after the change.[67]

Kosovo

[edit]

On February 28, 2008, the CIA added an entry forKosovo,whichdeclared independenceon February 17 of the same year.[68]Before this, Kosovo was excluded in theFactbook.[23]Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute;Serbia continues to claimKosovo as part of itsown sovereign territory.Kosovo's independence has beenrecognised by 114out of 193United Nations member states,including the United States.[69]

East Timor/Timor-Leste

[edit]

On July 19, 2007, the entry forEast Timorwas renamedTimor-Lestefollowing a decision of theUnited States Board on Geographic Names(BGN).[70]

Factual

[edit]

In June 2009,National Public Radio(NPR), relying on information obtained fromThe World Factbook,put the number of Israeli Jews living in settlements in theWest Bankand Israeli-annexedEast Jerusalemat 250,000. However, a better estimate, based onState Departmentand Israeli sources put the figure at about 500,000. NPR then issued a correction. Chuck Holmes, foreign editor for NPR Digital, said, "I'm surprised and displeased, and it makes me wonder what other information is out-of-date or incorrect in the CIAWorld Factbook."[71]

The factbook currently states that only four percent of Botswana are practitioners of the indigenousBadimoreligion,[72]in reality a great majority of Botswana follow at least some of the traditions deemedBadimo.[73]

Scholars have acknowledged that some entries in theFactbookare out of date.[74]

The inclusion of the metric countries.

The government's ownNational Institute of Standards and Technologycontradicts the CIA factbook website, stating that three countries have "not adopted" the metric system is incorrect.[75]At the time a better term would be have been "not committed", however this is not the case anymore as of 2023 all countries listed are committed to adopting the metric system including the US.[76][77]

See also

[edit]
Alternative publications

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ab"The World Factbook".CIA.January 5, 2023.Archivedfrom the original on January 4, 2021.RetrievedJanuary 24,2021.
  2. ^Directorate of Intelligence."About The World Factbook—Copyright and Contributors".Archivedfrom the original on December 30, 2021.RetrievedDecember 30,2021.The World Factbookis prepared by the Central Intelligence Agency for the use of US Government officials, and the style, format, coverage, and content are designed to meet their specific requirements. Information is provided by other public and private sources. TheFactbookis in the public domain. Accordingly, it may be copied freely without the permission of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
  3. ^abc"CIA World Factbook 2006 Now Available"(Press release). Central Intelligence Agency. April 5, 2006. Archived fromthe originalon June 13, 2007.RetrievedJanuary 11,2007.The World Factbook remains the CIA's most widely disseminated and most popular product, now averaging almost 6 million visits each month. In addition, tens of thousands of government, commercial, academic, and other Web sites link to or replicate the online version of the Factbook. * * * Included among the 271 geographic entries is one for the "World", which incorporates data and other information summarized where possible from the other 270 country listings.
  4. ^abc"The World Factbook - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)".CIA.Archivedfrom the original on January 11, 2023.RetrievedJanuary 11,2023.
  5. ^abDirectorate of Intelligence."About The World Factbook—Copyright and Contributors".Archivedfrom the original on December 30, 2021.RetrievedDecember 30,2021.The World Factbookis prepared by the Central Intelligence Agency for the use of US Government officials, and the style, format, coverage, and content are designed to meet their specific requirements. Information is provided by other public and private sources. TheFactbookis in the public domain. Accordingly, it may be copied freely without permission of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
  6. ^abDirectorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): How often is The World Factbook updated?".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedJanuary 26,2009.Formerly our Web site (and the published Factbook) were only updated annually. Beginning in November 2001 we instituted a new system of more frequent online updates. The World Factbook is currently updated every two weeks.
  7. ^Directorate of Intelligence (November 24, 2010)."World Factbook Updates – October 22, 2010".Archived fromthe originalon May 14, 2011.RetrievedDecember 1,2010.Since 2004, The World Factbook website has been updated on a bi-weekly schedule. Culminating a three-month trial effort, we are pleased to announce that the Factbook will now be updated on a weekly basis.
  8. ^Directorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Notes and Definitions: Date of information".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.In general, information available as of 1 January 2007 was used in the preparation of this edition.
  9. ^abDirectorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – History".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedMarch 3,2007.The first classified Factbook was published in August 1962, and the first unclassified version was published in June 1971.
  10. ^Directorate of Intelligence (June 8, 2009)."CIA – The World Factbook – About:: History: 2008".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedJune 8,2009.Printing of the Factbook turned over to the Government Printing Office.
  11. ^Directorate of Intelligence (2008).CIA – The World Factbook 2008: Purchasing Information.Government Printing Office.ISBN9780160873614.Archivedfrom the original on April 27, 2021.RetrievedApril 19,2015.The Government Printing Office has assumed production of The World Factbook print edition. The CIA has decided to focus Factbook resources exclusively on the World Wide Web online edition...
  12. ^Miller, Jill Young. "CIA puts data on the internet."Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel12 December 1994.
  13. ^Central Intelligence Agency."The World Factbook Archives - The World Factbook".Archivedfrom the original on June 5, 2021.RetrievedJune 5,2021.
  14. ^Directorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Purchasing Information".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.Other users may obtain sales information about printed copies from the following: Superintendent of Documents...National Technical Information Service
  15. ^Directorate of Intelligence (1999)."The World Factbook 1999 – Purchasing Information (mirror)".Archived fromthe originalon December 22, 2021.RetrievedSeptember 24,2006.The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) prepares The World Factbook in printed, CD-ROM, and Internet versions.
  16. ^abcDirectorate of Intelligence (1995)."Publication Information for The World Factbook 1995 (mirror)".Archived fromthe originalon March 17, 2012.RetrievedSeptember 24,2006.This publication is also available in microfiche, magnetic tape, or computer diskettes.
  17. ^Directorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): I am using the Factbook online and it is not working. What is wrong?".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedSeptember 24,2006.Hundreds of "Factbook" look-alikes exist on the Internet. The Factbook site at: cia.gov is the only official site.
  18. ^Texas A&M University Libraries."Introduction to Comparative Politics POLS 329".Archived fromthe originalon October 11, 2007.RetrievedJanuary 2,2008.The world factbook (Handbook of the Nations). Detroit, Mich.: Grand River Books, 1981–.
  19. ^Potomac Books."The World Factbook 2008 CIA's 2007 Edition".Archived fromthe originalon June 20, 2009.RetrievedJanuary 2,2008.
  20. ^Skyhorse Publishing."CIA World Factbook 2008, The".Archived fromthe originalon October 30, 2008.RetrievedJanuary 22,2008.
  21. ^abDirectorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Notes and Definitions: Entities".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedJuly 12,2011."Independent state" refers to a people politically organized into a sovereign state with a definite territory. * * * There are a total of 266 separate geographic entities in The World Factbook that may be categorized as follows...
  22. ^abcDirectorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): Why don't you include information on entities such as Tibet or Kashmir?".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedAugust 24,2008.Also included in the Factbook are entries on parts of the world whose status has not yet been resolved (e.g., West Bank, Spratly Islands). Specific regions within a country or areas in dispute among countries are not covered.
  23. ^Directorate of Intelligence (September 19, 2006)."The World Factbook – Spratly Islands".Archivedfrom the original on January 28, 2021.RetrievedSeptember 24,2006.
  24. ^Directorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): Why doesn't The World Factbook include information on states, departments, provinces, etc., in the country format?".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedMay 26,2007.The World Factbook provides national-level information on countries, territories, and dependencies, but not subnational administrative units within a country. A comprehensive encyclopedia might be a source for state/province-level information.
  25. ^abDirectorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): Why has The World Factbook dropped the four French departments of Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion, and French Guiana?".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedMay 26,2007.The reason the four entities are no longer in The World Factbook is because their status has changed. While they are overseas departments of France, they are also now recognized as French regions, having equal status to the 22 metropolitan regions that make up European France.
  26. ^abDirectorate of Intelligence (April 8, 2011)."World Factbook Updates – April 8, 2011".Archived fromthe originalon April 9, 2011.RetrievedApril 11,2011.The Indian Ocean island entity of Mayotte became an overseas department of France on 31 March. The change in status makes it an integral part of France and so its description is now included in the France country profile of The World Factbook.(Archived by WebCite at )
  27. ^"US State Department, CIA Use Undivided Moroccan Map".Morocco World News.Archivedfrom the original on March 3, 2021.RetrievedMarch 11,2021.
  28. ^"Morocco".World Factbook.Central Intelligence Agency. August 2, 2022.Archivedfrom the original on December 2, 2022.RetrievedMarch 11,2021.
  29. ^"Annex 26 - U.K. Foreign Office, Colonial Office and Ministry of Defence, U.S. Defence Interests in the Indian Ocean, D.O. (O)(64)23, FCO 31/3437"(PDF).International Court of Justice.April 23, 1964.Archived(PDF)from the original on October 9, 2022.RetrievedJuly 14,2019.
  30. ^ab"Introduction:: BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY".Archivedfrom the original on January 17, 2021.RetrievedJuly 13,2019.
  31. ^"Resolution A/RES/73/295 Vote - Request for an advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice on the legal consequences of the separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965".United Nations Digital Library.May 22, 2019.Archivedfrom the original on June 24, 2020.RetrievedJuly 13,2019.
  32. ^"Advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice on the legal consequences of the separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965".United Nations Digital Library. May 24, 2019.Archivedfrom the original on July 13, 2019.RetrievedJuly 13,2019.
  33. ^abDirectorate of Intelligence (September 19, 2006)."The World Factbook – China (map)".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2009.RetrievedDecember 27,2009.
  34. ^Directorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): Why are the Golan Heights not shown as part of Israel or Northern Cyprus with Turkey?".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.Territorial occupations/annexations not recognized by the United States Government are not shown on US Government maps.
  35. ^abDirectorate of Intelligence (September 19, 2006)."The World Factbook – Taiwan".Archivedfrom the original on January 9, 2021.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.
  36. ^abDirectorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): Why are Taiwan and the European Union listed out of Alpha betical order at the end of the Factbook entries?".Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2007.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.Taiwan is listed after the regular entries because even though the mainland People's Republic of China claims Taiwan, elected Taiwanese authorities de facto administer the island and reject mainland sovereignty claims. * * * The European Union (EU) is not a country, but it has taken on many nation-like attributes and these are likely to be expanded in the future.
  37. ^Directorate of Intelligence (January 27, 2005)."The World Factbook – Taiwan".Archivedfrom the original on January 9, 2021.RetrievedOctober 17,2010.
  38. ^"China".CIA World Factbook.CIA.Archivedfrom the original on February 13, 2021.RetrievedFebruary 2,2013.
  39. ^"Paracel Islands".CIA World Factbook.CIA.Archivedfrom the original on June 17, 2022.RetrievedFebruary 2,2013.
  40. ^"Spratly Islands".CIA World Factbook.CIA.Archivedfrom the original on January 28, 2021.RetrievedFebruary 2,2013.
  41. ^Directorate of Intelligence (September 19, 2006)."The World Factbook – Burma".Archivedfrom the original on February 10, 2021.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.since 1989 the military authorities in Burma have promoted the name Myanmar as a conventional name for their state; this decision was not approved by any sitting legislature in Burma, and the US Government did not adopt the name, which is a derivative of the Burmese short-form name Myanma Naingngandaw
  42. ^abDirectorate of Intelligence (1992)."The World Factbook 1992 – Notes, Definitions, and Abbreviations".Archived fromthe originalon September 9, 2006.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.Bosnia and Hercegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, and Slovenia have replaced Yugoslavia.
  43. ^"Official site of the U.N., List of UN Member States".Un.org.Archivedfrom the original on February 7, 2011.RetrievedMarch 29,2013.
  44. ^Directorate of Intelligence (1994)."The World Factbook 1994 – Notes, Definitions, and Abbreviations".Archived fromthe originalon September 9, 2006.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.The name of Macedonia was changed to The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM).
  45. ^Directorate of Intelligence (November 30, 2004)."The World Factbook – Macedonia)".Archivedfrom the original on January 21, 2021.RetrievedOctober 17,2010.
  46. ^Staff reporter (November 4, 2004)."US snubs Greece over Macedonia".BBC News.Archivedfrom the original on November 12, 2006.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.Greece has protested strongly at a decision by the US to refer to the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) simply as "Macedonia".
  47. ^Directorate of Intelligence (September 19, 2006)."The World Factbook – Macedonia".Archivedfrom the original on January 21, 2021.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.
  48. ^Directorate of Intelligence (September 19, 2006)."The World Factbook – European Union".Archivedfrom the original on January 22, 2021.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.
  49. ^Directorate of Intelligence."The World Factbook – Why doesn't The World Factbook include information on states, departments, provinces, the European Union, etc., in the country format? (mirror)".Archived fromthe originalon December 22, 2021.RetrievedJune 2,2007.The World Factbook provides national-level information on countries, territories, and dependencies, but not on subnational administrative units within a country or supranational entities like the European Union.
  50. ^Directorate of Intelligence (September 19, 2006)."The World Factbook – United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges".Archivedfrom the original on April 8, 2022.RetrievedSeptember 23,2006.
  51. ^For an example of a redirect, see what happens with theprofilefor Kingman Reef.
  52. ^Directorate of Intelligence (September 19, 2006)."The World Factbook – Iles Eparses (mirror)".Archived fromthe originalon June 6, 2011.RetrievedNovember 10,2007.
  53. ^For an example of a redirect, see what happens with theprofileArchived2022-01-26 at theWayback Machinefor Juan de Nova Island (mirror).
  54. ^Directorate of Intelligence (July 19, 2007)."CIA – The World Factbook 2007: What's New".Archived fromthe originalon June 7, 2007.RetrievedJuly 20,2007.The five former entities of Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, and Tromelin Island, previously grouped as Iles Eparses (Scattered Islands), now constitute a district of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.
  55. ^Department of State (August 1999)."Serbia and Montenegro (08/99) (See Yugoslavia)".Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2020.RetrievedFebruary 3,2007.(Serbia and Montenegro have asserted the formation of a joint independent state, but this entity has not been recognized as a state by the United States.)
  56. ^Directorate of Intelligence (1992)."1992 CIA World Factbook: Serbia and Montenegro (mirror)".Archived fromthe originalon December 22, 2021.RetrievedOctober 29,2006.
  57. ^Department of State."A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Kingdom of Serbia/Yugoslavia".Archivedfrom the original on April 22, 2020.RetrievedApril 29,2019.On May 21, 1992, the U.S. announced that it would not recognize the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) as a successor state of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). The FRY was composed of the Republics of Serbia and Montenegro.
  58. ^White, Mary Jo(January 31, 2000)."767 Third Avenue Associates v. United States: Brief For Amicus Curiae United States of America Supporting Appellees and Supporting Affirmance in Part and Reversal in Part"(MS Word).Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2020.RetrievedOctober 17,2010.Since 1992, the United States has taken the position that the SFRY has ceased to exist, that there is no state representing the continuation of the SFRY, and that five successors have arisen—the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) ( "FRY(S&M)" ), the Republic of Slovenia ( "Slovenia" ), the Republic of Croatia ( "Croatia" ), the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina ( "Bosnia-Herzegovina" ), and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia ( "FYROM" )
  59. ^Directorate of Intelligence (2000)."CIA World Factbook 2000 – Country Maps (mirror)".RetrievedFebruary 6,2007.
  60. ^Directorate of Intelligence (1999)."CIA – The World Factbook 1999 – Serbia and Montenegro".Archived fromthe originalon November 9, 1999.RetrievedOctober 17,2010.Serbia and Montenegro have asserted the formation of a joint independent state, but this entity has not been formally recognized as a state by the US. The US view is that the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) has dissolved and that none of the successor republics represents its continuation.
  61. ^For an example, see the profile for the FRY in the1999 World Factbook.
  62. ^Staff reporter (October 7, 2000)."Kostunica sworn in as president of Yugoslavia".CNN. Archived fromthe originalon September 22, 2006.RetrievedOctober 30,2006.
  63. ^Directorate of Intelligence (2001)."CIA – The World Factbook – Notes and Definitions".Archived fromthe originalon August 3, 2002.RetrievedOctober 17,2010.The entity of Serbia and Montenegro is now officially known as Yugoslavia.
  64. ^Staff reporter (March 14, 2002)."Yugoslav partners sign historic deal".BBC News.Archivedfrom the original on January 7, 2009.RetrievedOctober 30,2006.Serbia and Montenegro have signed an accord which will consign the name Yugoslavia to history and shelve any immediate plans for Montenegrin independence.
  65. ^Staff reporter (February 4, 2003)."Yugoslavia consigned to history".BBC News.Archivedfrom the original on November 8, 2022.RetrievedNovember 17,2006.From now on it will be called just Serbia and Montenegro—the two remaining republics joined in a loose union.
  66. ^Directorate of Intelligence (March 19, 2003)."CIA – The World Factbook 2002: What's new".Archived fromthe originalon April 8, 2003.RetrievedOctober 17,2010.Yugoslavia has been renamed Serbia and Montenegro as of 4 February 2003.
  67. ^Directorate of Intelligence (February 28, 2008)."The World Factbook – Kosovo".Archivedfrom the original on February 4, 2021.RetrievedFebruary 29,2008.
  68. ^"Kosovo's parliament declares independence".CTV.ca. February 17, 2008. Archived fromthe originalon December 27, 2008.RetrievedAugust 24,2008.Serbia opposes the declaration of independence* * *
  69. ^Directorate of Intelligence (July 19, 2007)."CIA – The World Factbook 2007: What's New".Archived fromthe originalon June 7, 2007.RetrievedJuly 20,2007.The US Board on Geographic Names (BGN) now recognizes Timor-Leste as the short form name for East Timor* * *
  70. ^Alicia Shepard (June 2, 2010)."NPR Ombudsman CIA get numbers wrong on Jewish Settlers".National Public Radio.Archivedfrom the original on November 13, 2010.RetrievedOctober 30,2010.
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TheFactbookby year

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1992ArchivedJune 11, 2008, at theWayback Machine,1993ArchivedJuly 5, 2008, at theWayback Machine,1994ArchivedJuly 9, 2008, at theWayback Machine,1995ArchivedJune 20, 2008, at theWayback Machine,1996ArchivedOctober 1, 2008, at theWayback Machine,1997ArchivedJuly 19, 2008, at theWayback Machine,1998ArchivedOctober 1, 2008, at theWayback Machine,1999ArchivedOctober 1, 2008, at theWayback Machine,2000,2001ArchivedJune 15, 2008, at theWayback Machine,2002ArchivedMay 26, 2008, at theWayback Machine,2003ArchivedJune 15, 2008, at theWayback Machine,2004ArchivedJune 15, 2008, at theWayback Machine,2005ArchivedMay 13, 2008, at theWayback Machine,2006ArchivedMarch 23, 2022, at theWayback Machine,2007ArchivedJune 12, 2008, at theWayback Machine,2008ArchivedAugust 5, 2012, atarchive.today