Jump to content

Zhuhai

Coordinates:22°16′18″N113°34′37″E/ 22.2716°N 113.5769°E/22.2716; 113.5769
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Zhuhai
Châu Hải Thị
Chuhai
Prefecture-level city
From top, left to right:Aerial view of Zhuhai City from Mount Phoenix; Jintai Temple; Zhuhai Grand Theatre and the Deyuefang Restaurant on Yeli Dao; Hengqin New Area; the Statue of Fisher Girl, and Lover's Road;
Nickname(s):
City of Romance (Lãng mạn chi thành); City of hundred islands (Trăm đảo chi thành)
Map
Location of Zhuhai in Guangdong
Location of Zhuhai in Guangdong
Zhuhai is located in China
Zhuhai
Zhuhai
Location in China
Coordinates:22°16′18″N113°34′37″E/ 22.2716°N 113.5769°E/22.2716; 113.5769
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceGuangdong
Municipal seatXiangzhou District
Government
• TypePrefecture-level city
• BodyZhuhai Municipal People's Congress
•CCPCommittee SecretaryLü Yuyin[zh](Lữ ngọc ấn)
• MayorHuang Zhihao[zh](Hoàng chí hào)
Area
•Prefecture-level city1,724.32 km2(665.76 sq mi)
• Water690 km2(270 sq mi)
• Urban
1,724.32 km2(665.76 sq mi)
• Metro
19,870.4 km2(7,672.0 sq mi)
Elevation
36 m (118 ft)
Population
(2020 census[1])
•Prefecture-level city2,439,585
• Density1,400/km2(3,700/sq mi)
•Urban
2,439,585
• Urban density1,400/km2(3,700/sq mi)
•Metro
65,565,622
• Metro density3,300/km2(8,500/sq mi)
GDP[2]
•Prefecture-level cityCN¥388.2 billion
US$60.2 billion
• Per capitaCN¥ 157,914
US$ 24,477
Time zoneUTC+8(China Standard Time)
Postal code
519000
Area code0756
ISO 3166 codeCN-GD-04
License plate prefixesViệt C
Websitezhuhai.gov.cn(in Chinese)
Zhuhai
"Zhuhai" in Chinese
ChineseChâu hải
CantoneseYaleJyū-hói
PostalChuhai
Literal meaning"Pearl Sea"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhūhǎi
Wade–GilesChu-hai
IPA[ʈʂú.xàɪ]
Hakka
RomanizationZu1-hoi3
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationJyū-hói
JyutpingZyu1-hoi2
IPA[tsy˥hɔj˧˥]

Zhuhai[a]is aprefecture-level citylocated on the west bank of thePearl Riverestuaryon the central coast of southernGuangdong province,People's Republic of China,on the southeastern edge of thePearl River Delta.Its name literally means "pearl sea", which originates from the city's location at themouthof the Pearl River meeting theSouth China Sea.Zhuhai bordersJiangmento the west,Zhongshanto the north andMacauto the southeast, and sharesmaritime boundarieswithShenzhenandHong Kongto the northeast across the estuary.

Zhuhai was one of the original fourSpecial Economic Zonesestablished in 1980, as well as one of China's premier tourist destinations, being called theChinese Riviera.While the city is located in the traditionallyCantonese-speaking province of Guangdong, a significant portion of the population is now made up ofMandarin-speaking economic migrants originally from inland provinces.

The core of Zhuhai,Xiangzhou Districtalong withMacao,in the northeastern portion of the administrative division, are part of theGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area,the biggest built-up area in the world with more than 65,565,622 inhabitants as of the 2020 census, encompassing Shenzhen, Dongguan, Foshan, Zhongshan, Macau, the main part of Guangzhou, and small parts of Jiangmen and Huizhou cities but with Hong Kong not quite conurbated yet.

According to a report released in 2014 by theChinese Academy of Social Sciences,Zhuhai is the most livable city in China.[4]Zhuhai is classified as a Medium-Port Metropolis.[5]

History

[edit]

Zhuhai has had a long history in the development of the exhibition industry inChina.Zhuhai was the first permanent motor racing facility in China and has become a centre for the local racing scene, as well as a semi-regular fixture on the international racing circuit, including theZhuhai Special Economic Zone.

Population

[edit]

The population of Zhuhai has experienced steady growth from 2014 to 2023. In 2014, the city’s population was approximately 1.51 million, which increased to about 2.49 million by the end of 2023.

  • 2014: 1.51 million
  • 2015: 1.54 million
  • 2016: 1.57 million
  • 2017: 1.60 million
  • 2018: 1.64 million
  • 2019: 1.67 million
  • 2020: 2.44 million
  • 2021: 2.47 million
  • 2022: 2.48 million
  • 2023: 2.49 million[6]

Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge

[edit]

This bridge was first proposed byGordon Wuand contemplated bystakeholders,municipal governments in thePearl River Delta,the provincial government ofGuangdong,and the central government of thePeople's Republic of China(PRC). Before the government handover of Hong Kong, theBritish governmentalso considered plans for a bridge. After 1997 the commercial interests of Hong Kong prompted the local government to consider the plans as well.[7]

On 24 October 2018 theHong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge(HZMB) was opened.

Geography

[edit]

Zhuhai borders theMacauSpecial Administrative Region(north and west),[8]: 113 and is 140 kilometres (87 miles) southwest ofGuangzhou.Its territory has 690 kilometres (429 miles) of coastline and 217 islands, of which 147 are over 500 square metres in area.[9]

The islands within the prefecture-level city of Zhuhai include a number of near-shore islands, often connected to the mainland by bridges or causeways (such asHengqin,Qi'ao,orYeliIslands), as well as some islands in the openSouth China Sea(theWanshan Archipelago). Some of the latter are actually geographically closer toHong Kongthan to the Zhuhai mainland. The jurisdiction ofNei Lingding Island,located in thePearl Riverestuarywas transferred from Zhuhai to Shenzhen in 2009.[10]

Climate

[edit]

Despite being located within thetropics,Zhuhai has ahumid subtropical climateaffected by the East Asian Monsoon (Koppen classification Cwa) and moderated by the South China Sea, with long, hot and humid summers with frequent thunderstorms, and short, mild and dry winters. Average highs in January and July are 18 and 32 °C (64 and 90 °F) respectively. Snowfalls are unknown and a frost has never been recorded in the city centre. Conversely, extreme heat waves do not occur as they do further inland. Being named one of the most liveable cities in China, real estate is robust here. Residents from the mainland, especially those from the North, will buy homes and spend their winters in Zhuhai.

Climate data for Zhuhai (1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 27.8
(82.0) 		28.8
(83.8) 		30.5
(86.9) 		33.2
(91.8) 		35.3
(95.5) 		36.8
(98.2) 		38.7
(101.7) 		37.3
(99.1) 		36.3
(97.3) 		34.8
(94.6) 		32.9
(91.2) 		29.1
(84.4) 		38.7
(101.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 18.7
(65.7) 		19.5
(67.1) 		22.0
(71.6) 		25.7
(78.3) 		29.2
(84.6) 		31.2
(88.2) 		32.1
(89.8) 		31.9
(89.4) 		30.9
(87.6) 		28.5
(83.3) 		24.7
(76.5) 		20.4
(68.7) 		26.2
(79.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 15.3
(59.5) 		16.3
(61.3) 		18.9
(66.0) 		22.6
(72.7) 		26.1
(79.0) 		28.1
(82.6) 		28.8
(83.8) 		28.5
(83.3) 		27.7
(81.9) 		25.4
(77.7) 		21.5
(70.7) 		17.1
(62.8) 		23.0
(73.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 12.9
(55.2) 		14.2
(57.6) 		16.9
(62.4) 		20.6
(69.1) 		24.0
(75.2) 		25.8
(78.4) 		26.3
(79.3) 		26.1
(79.0) 		24.8
(76.6) 		23.0
(73.4) 		19.0
(66.2) 		14.5
(58.1) 		20.7
(69.2)
Record low °C (°F) 1.6
(34.9) 		3.0
(37.4) 		2.7
(36.9) 		9.4
(48.9) 		14.8
(58.6) 		18.6
(65.5) 		20.9
(69.6) 		20.9
(69.6) 		17.4
(63.3) 		10.5
(50.9) 		5.2
(41.4) 		2.2
(36.0) 		1.6
(34.9)
Averageprecipitationmm (inches) 36.9
(1.45) 		42.9
(1.69) 		75.2
(2.96) 		175.5
(6.91) 		306.3
(12.06) 		416.5
(16.40) 		317.4
(12.50) 		349.2
(13.75) 		233.0
(9.17) 		70.4
(2.77) 		41.9
(1.65) 		32.5
(1.28) 		2,097.7
(82.59)
Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) 6.1 9.0 12.8 13.3 15.9 18.9 17.4 16.4 12.7 6.5 5.4 5.2 139.6
Averagerelative humidity(%) 73 80 84 86 85 85 83 83 79 72 72 68 79
Mean monthlysunshine hours 132.7 94.1 82.3 104.9 146.8 171.0 225.3 198.4 188.3 199.6 170.4 153.1 1,866.9
Percentpossible sunshine 39 29 22 28 36 42 55 50 52 56 52 46 42
Source:China Meteorological Administration[11][12]

Economy

[edit]

In 1980 the government of thePeople's Republic of China(PRC) announced that the city of Zhuhai would be one of four special economic zones. Those doingbusinessin the SEZ are eligible for a range of incentives provided by the PRC.[13]Zhuhai became a city in 1979, a year before it was designated as one of the firstSpecial Economic Zonesof China (SEZ). Similarly to neighboringShenzhen,which became the first Special Economic Zone of China in 1978, the implementation of Zhuhai as an SEZ was largely due to its strategic position adjacent to Macau, a capitalist trading center similar to Shenzhen's position with Hong Kong.

The establishment of Zhuhai as an SEZ allowed the Chinese Central Government and economy to have easier access to the Macau and consequently, global market. As a result, Zhuhai is now a major city in the Pearl River Delta region according to the new general urban plan approved by theState Council.The implementation of Special Economy Zone intended for the city to become a key port city, science and education city, scenic and tourism city, and as a regional hub for transportation.

The outstanding geographic location, a wide range of supporting infrastructure and a deep-water port serve as a major attraction for foreign capital. Utilized foreign investment reached US$10.344 billion in 2008. Among the top 500 enterprises worldwide, 19 of them have investment projects in Zhuhai such asExxonMobil,BP,Siemens,CarrefourandMatsushita.

Manufacturing industries

[edit]
Meizu

Industrial development in Zhuhai focuses on five new high-tech and heavy industries includingelectronics,computer software,biotechnologyandpharmacy,machinery and equipment as well aspetrochemicalindustries. Aiming to strengthen the existing industrial base as well as to provide a better environment for the development of new high-tech industries, the local government has taken the initiative in developing five economic zones:

Zhuhai High-Tech Industrial Development Zone

[edit]

As one of the four earliest Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in China, Zhuhai SEZ was set up in the year 1980 and granted with a local legislative right. Zhuhai hi-tech zone is located in the north of Zhuhai, which is very close to downtown. Furthermore, technological resources are centralized in our zone; there is also a huge development in hi-tech industries led by the software and IC industries. The hi-tech zone is the showcase for Zhuhai's scientific development.[14]Meizuis one high tech product headquartered in Zhuhai.

Zhuhai Free Trade Zone

[edit]

Zhuhai Free Trade Zone (Zhuhai FTZ) was founded in 1996 with the State Council's approval, occupying 3 km2(1.2 sq mi). A Zhuhai FTZ Administrative Committee was set up in June 1997. By the end of 2006 there had been over 200 companies registered in the Free Trade Zone, including more than 150 foreign-funded enterprises, and the total investment amount was one billion US dollars.Industries encouraged in the zone include electronics assembly and manufacturing, telecommunications equipment, building/construction materials, instruments and industrial equipment production, medical equipment and supplies, raw material processing,research and development,shipping/warehousing/logistics, and heavy industry.[15][16]

Wanshan ocean development testing zone

[edit]

The Wanshan archipelago is located in one of the major fishing areas of China and is core to the Wanshan ocean development testing zone. However,Perna viridis,a species of green mussel, was found to be contaminated by HCHs, DDTs, and PCBs.[17][18]

Hengqin economic development zone

[edit]

In April 2023 theNational Development and Reform Commission(NDRC) has published for the Hengqin economic development zone a list of industries that are illegible for investment policies, includingincome taxbenefits for workers. The stated aim of the investment policy is to integrateMacaowith key industries in thePearl River Delta.[19]

Global printer consumables manufacturing centre

[edit]

Zhuhai manufactured and supplied 70 percent of the world's ribbons, 60 percent of the world's aftermarketinkjet cartridgesand 20 percent of the world's third-party laser toner cartridges. Their combined sales were worth more than 1.3 billion US dollars or 10 percent of all the sales in the world. Zhuhai owns a comprehensive supply chain and almost any of the raw materials needed by the printer consumables industry can be provided locally.

Administration

[edit]

Theprefecture-level cityof Zhuhai administers threecounty-level divisionsand four special economic districts, all of which aredistricts.

Administrative divisions of Zhuhai
Division code[20] English name Chinese Pinyin Area in km2[21] Population 2010[22] Seat Postal code Divisions[23]
Subdistricts Towns Residential communities Administrative villages
440400 Zhuhai City Châu Hải Thị Zhūhǎi Shì 1724.32 1,562,530 Xiangzhou District 519000 10 15 189 122
440402 Xiangzhou District* Hương châu khu Xiāngzhōu Qū 550.84 892,685 Meihua Subdistrict 519000 9 6 141 7
440403 Doumen District Cửa cống khu Dǒumén Qū 613.88 415,882 Jing'an Town 519100 1 5 23 101
440404 Jinwan District* Kim loan khu Jīnwān Qū 559.60 253,963 Hongqi Town 519100 4 25 14
Hengqin New Area Hoành cầm khu mới Héngqín Xīnqū 106.46 Hengqin Town 519030
Wanshan Marine
Development Experimental Zone 		Vạn sơn hải dương khai phá thí nghiệm khu Wànshān Hǎiyáng Kāifā Shìyànqū 80.00 Wanshan Town 519000
Zhuhai National Hi-Tech
Industrial Development District 		Châu Hải Quốc gia cao tân kỹ thuật sản nghiệp khai phá khu Zhūhǎi Guójiā Gāoxīn Jìshù Chǎnyè Kāifāqū 130.00 Tangjiawan Town 519080
Zhuhai Gaolanggang
Port Economic Zone 		Châu hải kinh tế kỹ thuật khai phá khu Zhūhǎi Jīngjì Jìshù Kāifāqū 380.00 Nanshui Town 519050
* — The stats includes the subordinated zones.
All zones are management areas; not administrative divisions registered under the Ministry of Civil Affairs.
* – Hengqin New Area, Wanshan Marine Zone, and Hi-Tech Industrial Development District are subordinate to Xiangzhou
* – Port Economic Zone are subordinate to Jinwan
Jida panorama from Shijing mountain (Thạch cảnh sơn)

Transportation

[edit]
Zhuhai Jinwan Airport
Gongbei Port
Zhuhai Railway Station

Airports

[edit]
  • Zhuhai Jinwan Airport(IATA:ZUH,ICAO:ZGSD), formerly Zhuhai Sanzao Airport, an international airport connecting all provincial capital cities in Mainland China (exceptXiningandLhasa) and many other major cities, hosting an annualair showand an exhibition hall, with Chinese space rockets located in Jinwan District.
  • Jiuzhou Airport[zh](Châu hải cửu châu sân bay), verbally "Jiuzhou Heliport (Cửu Châu phi cơ trực thăng tràng) ")[24](ICAO:ZGUH), is located in Xiangzhou district, near the Jiuzhou harbour, and has short plane runway and a helipad. Its place inside Jiuzhou inner district, permits quick transport of injured people from surrounding islands to the city hospitals. China Southern Airlines offer sightseeing flights and charters to drilling stations in South China Sea usingSikorsky S-76helicopters via this airport as well. They used to fly to Guangzhou Baiyun Airport from this airport usingCessna C208 Caravanas well, but the route was discontinued.

Zhuhai also is served by airports outside:

Zhuhai residents may also useShenzhen Bao'an International Airport(IATA:SZX,ICAO:ZGSZ) and travel there by bus or ferry.[27]

Railway

[edit]

Zhuhai Railway Stationis located at the western end ofGongbei Port of EntryandPortas do Cercoat the border of Zhuhai and Macau. There are frequenthigh speedtrains to Guangzhou, Guilin, Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu and other main cities in China. The intercity railway between Zhuhai Gongbei and Zhuhai Jinwan International Airport is under construction. It is expected to be opened to Hengqin in November 2019, and the whole project will be completed in 2024. It will take only 30 minutes to commute from urban district to the airport using the completed line.

Zhuhai also has atram network,with the first phase of Line 1 completed in 2014. In 2017, Line 1 began service to the public. The trams ceased running in January 2021 due to frequent power issues and low patronage.

The Zhuhai Metro (Châu Haiti thiết) is currently in the planning stage. Line 1 will start from Jiuzhou Port and end at the Jinwan Station, with a total length of 36.8 km; Line 2 will start from Jinding Industrial Area and end at Gongbei Port, with a total length of 30.5 km. Construction was expected to start in 2019, with an estimated time of completion in 2024.[citation needed]

Sea

[edit]

Zhuhai is known for its good climate and good air quality. Endowed with a long coastline, it is the only city on the western Pearl River Delta with natural deep-water ports.[citation needed]

Zhuhai has two internationalseaports:Jiuzhou(Cửu châu cảng) and Gaolan (Chạy vượt rào cảng). Gaolan Port is one of the leading ports in Guangdong province, whileJiuzhou Portfocuses on heavy passenger sea transport.[citation needed]

Chu Kong Passenger Transportoperates a ferry service between Zhuhai's Jiuzhou Port, Hong Kong andShekou Passenger Terminal,in theNanshan Districtof Shenzhen. A service between Jiuzhou Port andHong Kong International Airportfor air passengers using the airport began on 10 July 2007.[28]

Road

[edit]

Zhuhai is currently served by two majorChinese national expressways:

G94 Pearl River Delta Ring Expressway

  • The G94 Pearl River Delta Ring Expressway, which will form a beltway surrounding the Guangzhoumetropolitan areawhen completed, currently connects Zhuhai to theSanshui DistrictofFoshan.In 2018 the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge opened, reducing the travel time by road from Zhuhai to Hong Kong in approximately 40 minutes. G94 was extended to follow this bridge, with sections currently under construction connecting the bridge to the Zhuhai-Foshan section.

G0425 Guangzhou–Macau Expressway

  • A spur route of the mainlineG4 Beijing–Hong Kong and Macau Expressway,G0425 directly links Guangzhou to Zhuhai (and thus, Macau). It has a concurrency with G94 for several kilometers. Heavy traffic between Zhuhai and Macau has led to the construction of a new cross-border corridor, theLotus Bridge,built in November 1999 to divert traffic away from the congestedGongbei Port of Entry(Portas do Cerco). G0425 currently ends in Zhuhai at Zhuhai Avenue, pending an extension to the Lotus Bridge viaHengqinisland.

Tourism

[edit]
Xiangzhou fishing harbor, with the forested Yeli Island in the horizon

Zhuhai and the surrounding landscapes were developed into an industrial output zone in the 1980s. Prior to that, Zhuhai generated economic development on the basis oftourism,benefiting from the comfortable subtropical climate. Zhuhai enjoys the reputation of a coastal garden city. When environmental pollution from the manufacturing industries threatened the quality of life, Zhuhai introduced strict environmental laws and hired engineers fromSingaporeto assist the city withurban planning.[29]

Jintai TempleinDoumen,a tourist attraction rebuilt in the 1990s on the site of a historical temple complex.

Realizing the benefits brought by tourism, the local government is expanding tourist destinations and is developing new spots such asHengqin(Hoành cầm đảo), Dong'ao (Đông úc),Hebao(Túi tiền), Qi'ao (Kỳ úc đảo) and Yeli (Dã li).

Exhibitions and conferences

[edit]

Zhuhai hosts theChina International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibitionbiannually in November. It is the largest Air Show in China and a huge tourist attraction.

New Yuan Ming Palace

[edit]

The New Yuan Ming Palace (simplified Chinese:Viên minh tân viên;traditional Chinese:Viên minh tân viên) is a park of 1.39 square kilometres (0.54 square miles), including an 80,000 m2(861,113 sq ft) lake. It features a partial reconstruction of theOld Summer Palacein Beijing which was destroyed during theSecond Opium Warand was never rebuilt on its original site.[30]

  • The New Yuan Ming Palace in Zhuhai

Coast of Xianglu Bay—Fisher Girl Statue

[edit]
Zhuhai Fisher Girlin Xianglu Bay

The coast of Xianglu Bay is considered the "symbol" of Zhuhai, offering a scenic view of Pearl River Delta with silt-rich water, rocks, and a beach. The famous landmark of the city,Zhuhai Fisher Girl,stands elegantly on a boulder in Xianglu Bay; the statue is draped by a fishnet and holds a pearl high in the air with both hands up to the sky, symbolizing a vigorous and lively Zhuhai welcoming visitors from all over the world. It was erected in 1982 byPan He,a professor from theGuangzhou Academy of Fine Arts,and is 8.7 metres (29 ft) tall and composed of 70 pieces of granite. Visitors can view the statue up close from a boardwalk on the shore.[31][32]The statue was based on a local legend, in which the daughter of the celestial Dragon King visited thePearl River delta,became a fisherwoman, and married a mortal.[33]

Education

[edit]

Strategic development

[edit]

Developing a university park is part of Zhuhai's strategy to strengthen its high-tech and IT industries. The local government is taking significant initiatives to set up a university park with an area of 20 square kilometres (8 square miles), the only such plan in the westernPearl River Delta.[citation needed]

Colleges and universities

[edit]

A number of other colleges and universities are also located in or near Zhuhai. Beijing Normal University Zhuhai Campus was created as a new model university. Besides its high quality of education, it is more internationally oriented than many universities in China. Many students here prepare to go abroad to finish their junior and senior years.

Primary and secondary education

[edit]

Despite the shortage of higher education, Zhuhai government has been paying a lot of attention to primary and secondary education. From 2007, high school students in Zhuhai needn't pay school fees anymore.[34]

As a result, there are many famous high schools in Zhuhai.Zhuhai No.1 High School(ZH1Z) is one of the most competitive high schools in Guangdong Province, and also a member of the Guangdong "Six Schools Union".

Dulwich International High School Zhuhai,QSI International School of Zhuhai,andZhuhai International Schoolserve expatriates and/or use foreign educational systems.

Supplementary schools

[edit]

Zhuhai Japanese Saturday School(Châu hải Nhật Bản người học bổ túc giáo)is asupplementary school for overseas Japanesein Zhuhai.[35]It holds classes at QSI School.[36]

Sports facilities

[edit]

Zhuhai is the first city in China to have constructed a motor racing circuit. TheZhuhai International Circuitwas built in 1996 and is located at Jinding, near the border to Zhongshan. ZIC has held the BPR Global GT Endurance Series in 1996, theFIA GT Championshipin 1997, 1999, 2004 and 2005. It hosted the championship's 2007 opening round on 24 and 25 March. ZIC had planned to host a round of theChamp Car World Serieson 20 May 2007, but agreement was not reached. ZIC held anA1GPrace in 2007 for the first time in series' history. ZIC became the first venue in China to host theIntercontinental Le Mans Cupon 7 November 2010 when the2010 1000 km of Zhuhaiwas staged.

Zhuhai has also a new tennis center which hostsWTA Elite Trophy,the last tournament of the year for players that are in the top 20 but did not qualify toWTA Finals.

Notable people

[edit]

Notable people

[edit]

Mayors and CPC Committee Secretaries

[edit]

Mayors

[edit]

[37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42]

Names In office Life–death
Wu Jianmin January 1979 – June 1984 1921–2015
Liang Guangda June 1984 – October 1995 1935–
Huang Longyun October 1995 – October 2000 1951–
Fang Xuan October 2000 – August 2002 1954–
Wang Shunsheng August 2002 – January 2007 1949–
Zhong Shi gian January 2007 – October 2011 1956–
He Ningka October 2011 – January 2015 1959–
Jiang Ling January 2015 – January 2016 1964–
Vacant January 2016 – May 2016 N/A
Zheng Renhao April 2016 – March 2017[b] 1968–
Li Zezhong March 2017 – September 2017 1970–
Yao Yisheng September 2017 – May 2021 1965–
Huang Zhihao May 2021 -[c] 1970 -

CPC Committee Secretaries

[edit]

[37] [43]

Names In office Life–death
Wu Jianmin January 1979 – February 1984 1921–2015
Fang Bao February 1984 – January 1987 1931–
Liang Guangda January 1987 – September 1998 1935–
Huang Longyun October 1998 – August 2002 1951–
Fang Xuan August 2002 – August 2005 1954–
Deng Weilong August 2005 – March 2008 1950–
Gan Lin March 2008 – February 2012 1963–
Li Jia February 2012 – March 2016 1964–
Guo Yuanqiang March 2016 – January 2018 1965–
Guo Yonghang February 2018 – November 2021[d] 1965–
Lü Yuyin November 2021 - June 2023 1970 -
Vancant June 2023 - September 2023 N/A
Chen Yong September 2023 - 1974 -

Sister cities

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^/ˈdʒuːˈhaɪ/JOO-high,[3]Chinese:Châu hải;pinyin:Zhūhǎi;Yale:Jyūhói;also known asChuhai
  2. ^As mayor nominee during April 2016 – May 2016
  3. ^As acting mayor during May 2021 - June 2021
  4. ^As CPC Secretary nominee during February 2018 – April 2018

References

[edit]
  1. ^"China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) – Population Statistics, Charts and Map".citypopulation.de.
  2. ^Quảng Đông tỉnh thống kê cục, quốc gia thống kê cục Quảng Đông điều tra tổng đội (August 2016).《 Quảng Đông thống kê niêm giám －2016》.Trung Quốc thống kê nhà xuất bản.ISBN978-7-5037-7837-7.Archived fromthe originalon 22 December 2017.
  3. ^"Zhuhai Pronunciation".thefreedictionary.Retrieved27 April2015.
  4. ^"Shè kē yuàn: Zhūhǎi qǔdài xiānggǎng chéngwéi zuì yí jū chéngshì"Xã khoa viện: Châu hải thay thế được Hong Kong trở thành nhất nghi cư thành thị.163news(in Chinese). 9 May 2014. Archived fromthe originalon 4 March 2016.Retrieved12 September2014.
  5. ^Roberts, Toby; Williams, Ian; Preston, John (2021)."The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification".Maritime Policy & Management.48(4): 530–542.doi:10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785.S2CID225502755.
  6. ^"Population: Census: Guangdong: Zhuhai | Economic Indicators | CEIC".ceicdata.Retrieved7 September2024.
  7. ^Anthony G. O. Yeh, ed. (2006).Developing a Competitive Pearl River Delta in South China Under One Country two Systems.Hong Kong University Press. p. 407.ISBN9789622097674.
  8. ^Simpson, Tim (2023).Betting on Macau: Casino Capitalism and China's Consumer Revolution.Globalization and Community series. Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press.ISBN978-1-5179-0031-1.
  9. ^"Overview of Zhuhai".cityofzhuhai.Archived fromthe originalon 30 September 2019.Retrieved30 September2019.
  10. ^"Nèi língdīng dǎo guīshǔ shēnzhèn shì guǎnxiá"Nội linh đinh đảo thuộc sở hữu Thâm Quyến thị quản hạt.sznews(in Simplified Chinese). 26 September 2009. Archived fromthe originalon 29 September 2009.Retrieved1 September2014.
  11. ^Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng – WeatherBk Data(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved28 May2023.
  12. ^ Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved28 May2023.
  13. ^Michael Casey (2012).The Unfair Trade: How Our Broken Global Financial System Destroys the Middle Class.Crown. p. 102.ISBN9780307885326.
  14. ^"Zhuhai High-Tech Industrial Zone".RightSite.asia.Archived fromthe originalon 23 June 2021.Retrieved23 June2021.
  15. ^"Zhuhai Free Trade Zone".RightSite.asia.
  16. ^"Zhūhǎi bǎoshuìqū, zhū ào kuà jìng gōngyè qū"Châu hải bảo lưu thuế nhập khẩu khu, châu úc vượt cảnh khu công nghiệp.Zhōngguó bǎoshuìqū chūkǒu jiāgōng qū xiéhu(in Chinese). Archived fromthe originalon 27 October 2013.Retrieved22 March2013.
  17. ^Huang, Shao-hui hoàng thiếu huy; Wang, Wei-chen vương vĩ thần (2000)."Zhūhǎi wàn shān qúndǎo hǎishàng shēngtài gōngyuán jiànshè guīhuà gòuxiǎng"Châu hải vạn sơn quần đảo trên biển sinh thái công viên xây dựng quy hoạch tư tưởng[A Conception of Constructing the Marine Ecological Park in Wanshan Islands, Zhuhai].Rèdài dìlǐ / Tropical Geography(in Chinese).20(13): 228–232.
  18. ^Fang, Zhanqiang phương triển cường; Zhang, Run xing trương nhuận hưng; Huang, Minghong hoàng minh hồng (2001). "Zhūjiāng hékǒu qū fěicuì yí bèi zhōng yǒujī lǜ nóngyào hé duō lǜ lián běn hánliàng jí fēnbù".Huánjìng kēxué xuébào[Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae] (in Chinese) (1).doi:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2001.01.022.
  19. ^Arendse Huld (12 April 2023)."Hengqin Cooperation Zone Releases Catalogue of Industries Encouraged for Investment".China Briefing.
  20. ^"Zhōnghuá rénmín gònghéguó xiàn yǐshàng xíngzhèng qūhuà dàimǎ"Trung Hoa nhân dân nước cộng hoà huyện trở lên khu hành chính hoa số hiệu(in Simplified Chinese). mca.gov.cn. Archived fromthe originalon 2 April 2015.Retrieved13 November2015.
  21. ^Guangdong sheng tongji ju; Guojia tongji ju guangdong điểu cha zongdui (2014).Guǎngdōng tǒngjì niánjiàn 2014Quảng Đông thống kê niêm giám 2014(in Simplified Chinese). Zhongguo tongji chubanshe.ISBN978-7-5037-7174-3.,Con số vì lần thứ hai cả nước thổ địa điều tra số liệu
  22. ^Guowuyuan renkou pucha bangongshi; Guojia tongji ju renkou he jiuye tongji si (2012).Zhōngguó 2010 nián rénkǒu pǔchá fēn xiāng, zhèn, jiēdào zīliàoTrung Quốc 2010 năm dân cư tổng điều tra phân hương, trấn, đường phố tư liệu(in Chinese) (1 ed.). Beijing: Zhongguo tongji chubanshe.ISBN978-7-5037-6660-2.
  23. ^Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo Minzhengbu(2014).Zhōngguó mínzhèng tǒngjì niánjiàn 2014Trung Quốc dân chính thống kê niêm giám 2014(in Simplified Chinese). Zhongguo tongji chubanshe.ISBN978-7-5037-7130-9.
  24. ^"Zhūhǎi jiǔzhōu zhíshēngjī chǎng"Châu hải Cửu Châu phi cơ trực thăng tràng.Zhōngguó mínyòng hángkōng júTrung Quốc dân dụng hàng không cục(in Simplified Chinese). 22 January 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 3 March 2014.Retrieved22 March2013.
  25. ^"Express Link Service".Macau International Airport.Retrieved9 May2018.– "Land to Air" discusses procedures for Gongbei, and at "Air to Sea": "Our professional team will deliver your baggage directly to the Macau Maritime Ferry Terminal/Pac On Pier, or Hengqin Border at Mainland." refers to Lotus Bridge which is at Hengqin.
  26. ^"Ferry Transfer".Hong Kong International Airport.Retrieved8 May2018.
  27. ^"HK and Macau Traffic > Bus".Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport.Archived fromthe originalon 1 April 2019.Retrieved9 May2018.Ticket price[...]Zhuhai 95
  28. ^"New HK-Zhuhai Ferry Service Starts".news.gov.hk.10 July 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 12 August 2007.
  29. ^Jerry Patchell (2023).China's Greater Bay Area: Agglomeration, External Economies, Governance and Urbanization.Taylor & Francis.ISBN9781000920079.
  30. ^"New Yuanming Palace".TravelChinaGuide.[permanent dead link]
  31. ^"Walking along the Coast of Xianglu Bay: Zhuhai Things to Do Tip by Minosuke".VirtualTourist.Archived fromthe originalon 13 November 2013.Retrieved22 March2013.
  32. ^"Statue of Fisher Girl in Zhuhai: The Landmark of Zhuhai City".Top China Travel.Retrieved16 June2019.
  33. ^Faulhaber, Pia (29 November 2013)."The Love Story Behind the Zhuhai Fisher Girl".InternChina.Archived fromthe originalon 14 March 2016.Retrieved16 June2019.
  34. ^Han, Xiaotong Hàn hiểu đồng (9 May 2017)."Zhūhǎi" gāozhōng miǎnfèi jiàoyù "shí nián: Bǔtiē 6.5 Yì,55 wàn réncì shòu huì"Châu hải “Cao trung miễn phí giáo dục” mười năm: Trợ cấp 6.5 trăm triệu, 55 vạn đợt người chịu huệ.thepaper.cn(in Chinese).
  35. ^"Nihonjin gakkō hoshū jugyō-kō ichiran"Nhật Bản người trường học ・ học bổ túc thụ nghiệp giáo một lãm.Zai Kōshū Nipponkoku sōryōjikanỞ quảng châu nước Nhật tổng lãnh sự quán(in Japanese).Retrieved21 December2017.Quảng đông tỉnh châu Hải Thị châu hải Nhật Bản người học bổ túc giáo 519000 quảng đông tỉnh châu Hải Thị cát tảng đá lớn hoa tây lộ １６１ hào ( châu hải đằng thương điện trang công ty hữu hạn nội )
  36. ^"Ajia no hoshū jugyō-kō ichiran (Heisei 25-nen 4 tsuki 15-nichi genzai)"アジア の học bổ túc thụ nghiệp giáo một lãm ( bình thành 25 năm 4 nguyệt 15 ngày hiện tại ).Bun bukagakushōVăn bộ khoa học tỉnh(in Japanese). Archived fromthe originalon 30 March 2014.Retrieved13 February2015.Châu hải quảng đông tỉnh châu Hải Thị củng bắc Cửu Châu đại đạo tây 2 số 001 hằng tin khu công nghiệp “QSI International School of Zhuhai” nội
  37. ^ab"Zhūhǎi shì lìrèn shìwěi shūjì, shì zhǎng"Châu Hải Thị nhiều đời thư ký thành ủy, thị trưởng.hotelaah(in Chinese).
  38. ^"Zhūhǎi xuǎn chū xīn yī jiè shìwěi chángwěi lǐngdǎo bānzi, guōyuánqiáng dāngxuǎn shìwěi shūjì"Châu hải tuyển ra tân một lần thị ủy thường ủy lãnh đạo gánh hát, quách nguyên cường được tuyển thư ký thành ủy.southcn(in Chinese). 28 December 2016.
  39. ^Wang, Ke vương kha (16 May 2017)."Lǐzézhōng dāngxuǎn guǎngdōng shěng zhūhǎi shì shì zhǎng"Lý trạch trung được tuyển Quảng Đông tỉnh châu Hải Thị thị trưởng.thepaper.cn(in Chinese).
  40. ^Wang, Ke vương kha (29 September 2017)."Yáoyìshēng dāngxuǎn zhūhǎi shì shì zhǎng, céng rèn guǎngdōng shěng huánjìng bǎohù tīng dǎngzǔ shūjì"Diêu dịch sinh được tuyển châu Hải Thị thị trưởng, từng nhậm Quảng Đông tỉnh bảo vệ môi trường thính đảng tổ thư ký.thepaper.cn(in Chinese).
  41. ^"Shì jiǔ jiè réndà chángwěi huì dì sānshíjiǔ cì huìyì zhàokāi Juédìng rènmìng huángzhìháo wèi zhūhǎi shì rénmín zhèngfǔ fùshìzhǎng, dàilǐ shìzhǎng"Thị chín giới người đại thường ủy sẽ thứ ba mươi chín lần hội nghị triệu khai quyết định nhâm mệnh hoàng chí hào vì châu Hải Thị chính phủ nhân dân phó thị trưởng, đại lý thị trưởng.zhuhai.gov.cn(in Chinese). 4 June 2021.
  42. ^"Lǚyùyìn tóngzhì rèn zhūhǎi shìwěi shūjì"Lữ ngọc ấn đồng chí nhậm châu Hải Thị ủy thư ký.zhuhai.gov.cn(in Chinese). 29 November 2021.
  43. ^"Zhūhǎi shì dì jiǔ jiè rénmín dàibiǎo dàhuì dì shí cì huìyì zhàokāi huángzhìháo dāngxuǎn zhūhǎi shì rénmín zhèngfǔ shìzhǎng"Châu Hải Thị thứ chín giới đại hội đại biểu nhân dân đệ thập thứ hội nghị triệu khai hoàng chí hào được tuyển châu Hải Thị chính phủ nhân dân thị trưởng.zhuhai.gov.cn(in Chinese). 13 May 2021.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toZhuhai.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide forZhuhai.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhuhai&oldid=1247444694"