Pluralism
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Pluralismis the affirmation and acceptance ofdiversity.The term is used, often in different ways, in the contexts of a wide range of issues ofculture,religionandphilosophy.Inpolitics,the affirmation of diversity in the interests and beliefs of the citizenry, and the rights of minorities, is one of the most important features of moderndemocracy.Inscience,it involves acceptance that many methods, theories or points of view are legitimate or plausible.
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Quotes
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- Tolerance,openness andunderstandingtowards other peoples'cultures,socialstructures,valuesandfaithsare now essential to the very survival of an interdependentworld.
- Aga Khan IV,in a speech at the Ceremony to Inaugurate the Restored Humayun's Tomb Gardens - New Delhi, India (15 April 2003)
- Pluralism is no longer simply an asset or a prerequisite for progress and development, it is vital to our existence.
- Aga Khan IV,in a speech at the Ceremony to Inaugurate the Restored Humayun's Tomb Gardens, New Delhi, India (15 April 2003)
- A secure pluralistic society requires communities that are educated and confident both in the identity and depth of their own traditions and in those of their neighbours.
- Aga Khan IV,in an address at the Leadership and Diversity Conference Gatineau, Quebec, Canada (19 May 2004)
- Pluralist societies are not accidents of history. They are a product of enlightened education and continuous investment by governments and all ofcivil societyin recognizing and celebrating the diversity of the world’s peoples.
- Aga Khan IV,in a speech on Democratic Development, Pluralism and Civil Society delivered at the Nobel Institute, Oslo, Norway (7 April 2005).[1]
- I believe leadership everywhere must continuously work to ensure that pluralism, and all its benefits, become top global priorities. In this effort, civil society has a vital role. By its very nature, civil society is pluralist because it seeks to speak for the multiple interests not represented by the state. I refer, for example, to organisations which ensure best practices such as legal societies and associations ofaccountants,doctorsandengineers.Themeritocracythey represent is the very foundation of pluralism. And meritocracy is one of the principles of democracy itself.
- Aga Khan IV,in a speech on Democratic Development, Pluralism and Civil Society delivered at the Nobel Institute, Oslo, Norway (7 April 2005).[2]
- We cannot make theworldsafe fordemocracyunless we also make the world safe fordiversity.
- Aga Khan IV,in an address by His Highness the Aga Khan to the School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University,(15 May 2006)
- The spirit of the Knowledge Society is the spirit of Pluralism—a readiness to accept the Other, indeed to learn from him, to see difference as an opportunity rather than a threat.
- Aga Khan IV,in an address to the 2006 Convocation of the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (2 December 2006)]
- All earlier pluralist societies destroyed themselves because no one took care of the common good. They abounded in communities but could not sustain community, let alone create it.
- Peter Drucker,inThe New PluralismLeader to Leader, No. 14(Fall 1999)
- Cultural pluralism is the only thing we all have in common.
- Tom Heehler,inThe Well-Spoken Thesaurus( 2011)
- Things are set up as contraries that are not even in the same category.Listento me: the opposite ofradicalis superficial, the opposite ofliberalis stingy; the opposite ofconservativeis destructive.Thus I will describe myself as a radical conservative liberal; but certain of the tainted red fish will swear that there can be no such fish as that.Beware of those who use words to mean their opposites. At the same time havepityon them, for usually thistrickis their only stock in trade.
- R. A. Lafferty,inThe Flame is Green(1971), Ch. 5
- Numquam ponenda est pluralitas sine necessitate
- Plurality is never to be posited withoutnecessity.
- Quaestiones et decisiones in quattuor libros Sententiarum Petri Lombardi[Questions and the decisions of the Sentences of Peter Lombard] (1495), i, dist. 27, qu. 2, K; also inThe Development of Logic(1962), by William Calvert Kneale, p. 243; similar statements were common amongScholasticphilosophers, at least as early asJohn Duns (Duns Scotus).
- Pluralitas non est ponenda sine necessitate.
- William of Ockhamas cited in "The Myth of Occam's Razor" by William Thorburn, inMind,Vol. 27 (1918), 345-353
- Plurality is never to be posited withoutnecessity.
- At few periods in modern history, has the mission of building pluralistic societies been more important than at present.Celebrating the diversity of perspectives andopinions,faithsandcultures,languagesandtraditionsis a prerequisite to building harmonious and successful societies.
- Firoz Rasul President ofAga Khan University,in an address to the 2006 Convocation of the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan, (2 December 2006)
- The real intent of my writing is not to say, you must think in this way. The real intent is: here are some of the many important facets of this extraordinaryKosmos;have you thought about including them in your own worldview? My work is an attempt to make room in the Kosmos for all of the dimensions, levels, domains, waves, memes, modes, individuals, cultures, and so on ad infinitum.I have one majorrule:everybody isright.More specifically, everybody — including me — has some important pieces of thetruth,and all of those pieces need to behonored,cherished, and included in a moregracious,spacious,andcompassionateembrace.To Freudians I say, Have you looked atBuddhism?To Buddhists I say, Have you studiedFreud?ToliberalsI say, Have you thought about how important someconservativeideas are? To conservatives I say, Can you perhaps include a more liberal perspective? And so on, and so on, and so on...At no point I have ever said: Freud iswrong,Buddhais wrong, liberals are wrong, conservatives are wrong. I have only suggested that they are true but partial.My critical writings have never attacked the central beliefs of any discipline,only the claims that the particular discipline has the only truth — and on those grounds I have often been harsh.But every approach, I honestly believe, is essentially true but partial, true but partial, true but partial.
And on my own tombstone, I dearly hope that someday they will write: He was true but partial...
- TheFrenchwriter,Albert Camus,once lamented that "man eventually becomes accustomed to everything". I have always believed that this is an unjustly pessimistic view ofour human condition;and in recent weeks I have seen enough to convince me that Camus, on this point at least, was wrong: 30,000East Germansabandoning home, friends, jobs, everything, to escape to a new life of opportunity but also uncertainty in the West; thousands ofSovietminersstrikingnot for more pay, but for better supplies; the joy of Poles as they greettheir first non-Communist Prime Ministerin 40 years; over a million inhabitants of theBaltic statesforming a human chain to protest against the forced annexation of their nations; demonstrators inPraguebraving the security forces to mark the 21st anniversary of the Warsaw Pact invasion; or in Leipzig calling forfreedom of speech.Clearly the peoples of theEasthave not become accustomed to their lot.Totalitarianrule has not made people less attracted byfreedom,democracyand self-determination. The opposite is true. Nor has it made them incapable of exercising these values through political organization and self-expression: look at the debates in the new Congress of the People's Deputies, the activities of the popular fronts, Solidarity inPolandor the opposition parties inHungary.The demand for pluralism and reform can now be heard in every Eastern nation.
