’

See also:'[U+0027 APOSTROPHE],ʼ[U+02BC MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE],ʹ[U+02B9 MODIFIER LETTER PRIME],′[U+2032 PRIME],᾿[U+1FBF GREEK PSILI],᾽[U+1FBD GREEK KORONIS],and‘ ’

’ U+2019,’ RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK ←‘ [U+2018] General Punctuation ‚→ [U+201A]

՚ U+055A,՚ ARMENIAN APOSTROPHE ←ՙ [U+0559] Armenian ՛→ [U+055B]

Translingual

Alternative forms

The ASCII apostrophe may be used for all language-specific forms listed below:

• '

Etymology

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Punctuation mark

’

1. Used as aquotation markin some languages.
   1. ‘ ’
   2. ’ ‘
   3. ’ ’
   4. ‚ ’
   5. ‛ ’
2. (informal)A substitute for the letter⟨ʼ⟩forglottal stopandejectiveconsonants in the orthographies of various languages of America, Africa, and the Pacific.
3. (informal,intransliteratedArabicandHebrewtext)A substitute for⟨ʼ⟩forhamza.
4. (informal,intransliteratedCyrillictext)A substitute for the modifying diacritic⟨ʹ⟩used to transliterate thesoft sign⟨ь⟩andpalatalizedconsonants.
5. (international standards)transliteration of Sanskritavagrahaऽ(or equivalents)

See also

Punctuation

• apostrophe(') (’)
• curly bracketsorbraces(US)({})
• square bracketsorbrackets(US)([])
• colon(:)
• comma(,)
• dashes(‒) (–) (—) (―)
• ellipsis(…)
• exclamation mark(!)
• fraction slash(⁄)
• guillemets(«») (‹›)
• hyphen(-) (‐)
• interpunct(·)
• interrobang(rare)(‽)
• bracketsorparentheses(US, Canada)(())
• full stoporperiod(US, Canada)(.)
• question mark(?)
• quotation marks(formal)(‘’‚) (“”„)
• quotation marks(informal,computing)(") (')
• semicolon(;)
• slashorstroke(UK)(/)
• space(] [)

quotation marksandquotation dashesby language (edit)

• Afrikaans:“”·‘ ’·„”·‚ ’
• Albanian:„ “·‘ ’
• Arabic:« »·( )·“”
• Armenian:« »
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic:« »·“”
• Azerbaijani:« »·‹ ›·“”·""·‘ ’·' '
• Basque:« »·‹ ›·“”·‘ ’
• Belarusian:« »·“”
• Bulgarian:„ “·’ ’·‘ ’·« »·’ ’·‘ ’·—
• Catalan:« »·“”·‘ ’,—
• Chinese:“”·‘ ’·“”·『 』
• Czech:„ “·‚ ‘·» «·› ‹
• Danish:» «·„ “·› ‹·‚ ’·””·’ ’
• Dutch:‘ ’·“”·‚ ’·„”
• English U.K.:' '·""·‘ ’·“”
• English U.S.:""·' '·“”·‘ ’
• Esperanto: (depends on country of publication)
• Estonian:„ “·« »
• Filipino:“”·‘ ’
• Finnish:””·’ ’·» »
• French:« »·‹ ›·“”·—
• Georgian:„ “·‚ ‘·» «·› ‹
• German:„ “·‚ ‘;» «·› ‹;regional:« »·‹ ›
• Greek:« »·“”·‟”·—
• Hungarian:„”·» «·—
• Icelandic:„ “·‚ ‘
• Indonesian:“”·‘ ’
• Interlingua:“”·‘ ’
• Irish:“”·‘ ’
• Italian:« »·‹ ›·“”·‘ ’
• Japanese:“”·『 』·〝 〟·〝 〞
• Korean:“”·‘ ’·『 』·“”
• Latvian:« »·„ “
• Lithuanian:« »·„ “
• Lower Sorbian:„ “·‚ ‘
• Macedonian:„ “·’ ‘·‘ ’
• Northern Kurdish:« »
• Norwegian:« »·„ “·‘ ’·‚ ‘
• Persian:« »
• Polish:„”·« »·» «·—
• Portuguese:“”·‘ ’·« »·—
• Romanian:„”·« »·—
• Russian:« »·„ “·„”·—
• Serbo-Croatian:„”·””·‘ ’·’ ’·„ “·» «
• Slovak:„ “·‚ ‘·» «·› ‹
• Slovene:„ “·‚ ‘·» «·› ‹
• Spanish:« »·“”·‘ ’·—
• Swedish:””·’ ’·» »·» «·—
• Thai:“”·‘ ’
• Turkish:“”·‘ ’·« »·› ‹·—
• Ukrainian:« »·„”·‚ ‘
• Vietnamese:“”·—
• Welsh:‘ ’·“”

quotation marks- all matched-pairs

• Curved double quotation marks:“”·””·„”·„ “·‟”
• Curved single quotation marks:‘ ’·’ ’·‚ ’·‚ ‘·’ ‘·‛ ’
• Straight double quotation marks:""
• Straight single quotation marks:' '
• Guillemets:« »·» «·» »
• Single guillemets:‹ ›·› ‹
• Corner brackets:“”·『 』
• Angle brackets:《 》·〈 〉
• Prime quotation marks:〝 〟·〝 〞

quotation marks and quotation dashes - all single characters

• Curved double quotation marks:“·”·„·‟
• Curved single quotation marks and apostrophes:‘·’·‚·‛
• Straight double quotation mark:"
• Straight single quotation mark and apostrophe:'
• Prime quotation marks:〝·〞·〟
• Guillemets:«·»
• Single guillemets:‹·›
• Corner brackets:“·”·『·』
• Quotation dashes:—(em dash) ·―(horizontal bar) ·–(en dash)

Further reading

• ’on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

English

Symbol

’

1. Indicating the omission of letters or digits.

   tho’,they’ll,’65,’ospital

Usage notes

• When indicating a possessive (see-') and omission of letters, this symbol is called anapostrophe.
• Some use thehomoglyphʼ(U+02BCMODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE)instead.

Armenian

Punctuation mark

’

1. Armenian apostrophe,ապաթարց(apatʻarcʻ)
   1. InOld Armenianplaced before the prepositionի(i)to differentiate it from words starting with the letter ի.

      ’ի տուն―’i tun―to home

   2. In literaryWestern Armenian,replaces reduced vowels, especially in the case of the particlesկը(kə),մը(mə),չի(čʻi).

      կ’ըսէ―k’əsē―says

      չ’երթար―čʻ’ertʻar―doesn't go

   3. In transliterating European proper nouns with apostrophes, such as names with the particlesd’,O',transliterates the apostrophe.

      Ժաննա դ’Արկ―Žanna d’Ark―Joan of Arc

Usage notes

• According to the Unicode Standard, U+055A ARMENIAN APOSTROPHE has the same shape and function as the Latin apostrophe at U+2019 RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK, which is preferred.

See also

• (TheArmenian script):ԱաԲբԳգԴդԵեԶզԷէԸըԹթԺժԻիԼլԽխԾծԿկՀհՁձՂղՃճՄմՅյՆնՇշՈոՉչՊպՋջՌռՍսՎվՏտՐրՑցՒւՓփՔքՕօՖֆ
• (Letter combinations):ուևﬔﬕﬓﬗﬖ
• (Dialectological):ՠ/ա̈ա̊ա̄ը̂է̀էօ/օ̈էօ̀/օ̈̀իւ/ո̈ւգ^յկ^յք^յհ^յբՙդՙգՙձՙջՙղՙֈʔ
• (Punctuation): ՙ ՚՛՜՝՞՟․։֊
• (Symbols):֏֎֍

Belarusian

Symbol

’

1. Indicating the non-palatalizationof the precedingconsonantbefore asoft vowel.

Finnish

Symbol

’

1. Alternative spelling of’

Usage notes

See the usage notes under the entry.

German

Symbol

’

1. Indicating the omission of letters.
   • In case of enclitic pronouns:wenn es → wenn’s, gibt es → gibt’s
   • (sometimes proscribed)In case of merging of prepositions and articles:auf dem → auf’m
   • In case of omission ofein the present indicative:ich gehe → ich geh’, wir/sie gehen → wir/sie geh’n
   • (sometimes proscribed)In case of the omission ofein the imperative singular: gehe du → geh’ du
   • (archaic)In case of the omission ofein the imperative plural:gehet ihr → geh’t ihr
   • (archaic)In case of the omission ofein the past participle:entdecket → entdeck’t, bezeuget → bezeug’t
   • (archaic)In case of the omission ofein the genitive case:Gottes → Gott’s, Königes → König’s

Usage notes

• In many cases where letters are omitted, there are also spellings without an apostrophes (e.g. wenns, aufm, gehn, geh, geht, entdeckt).

Macedonian

Symbol

’

1. A symbol placed before a syllabicр(r)at the beginning of a word:’рт,’рѓа,’рбет,’рмбаetc.
2. A symbol used to denote the schwa sound in some dialectal words:к’смет.

See also

• ◌́
• ◌̀

Ottoman Turkish

Letter

’

1. A symbol in theArmeno-Turkish scriptused to spell words containingعandءin the Perso-Arabic script. Representsglottal stop:[ʔ].Transliterated as'.

Usage notes

This was often unpronounced, and is not written in Modern Turkish anymore. For example, Ottomanساعت,սա’աթ(saʼat)is Modern Turkishsaat.

See also

• (TheArmeno-Turkish script):ԱաԳգԵեԶզԷէԸըԹթԺժԻիԼլԽխԿկՀհՂղՃճՄմՅյՆնՇշՉչՊպՍսՎվՏտՐրՓփՔքՕօՖֆ’
• (Primarily in Armenian words):ԲբԴդԾծՁձՋջՈոՌռՑցՒւ
• (Letter combinations):էօիւունկնղ
• (Punctuation):՛՜՝՞․։֊

Ukrainian

Symbol

’

1. Indicates the non-palatalizationof the precedingconsonantbefore asoft vowel.
2. Represents the apostrophe in names transliterated from the Roman alphabet, for example Кот-д’Івуар (Côte d’Ivoire).