Xích

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also:XíchandR
XíchU+5C3A,尺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C3A
Doãn
[U+5C39]
CJK Unified Ideographs Khào
[U+5C3B]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
4 strokes

Han character

[edit]

Xích(Kangxi radical44,Thi+1, 4 strokes,cangjie inputThi nhân(SO),four-corner77807,compositionThi)

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary:page 299,character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7632
  • Dae Jaweon: page 595, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 964, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5C3A

Chinese

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the characterXích
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi(compiled inHan) Liushutong(compiled inMing)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Etymology 1

[edit]
trad. Xích
simp.# Xích
Wikipediahas articles on:

Pronunciation

[edit]

Note:'chí' pronunciation only used inXích thốn(chícun).
Note:
  • chióh - vernacular;
  • chék - literary.
Note:
  • chhioh - vernacular;
  • chhek/chhiak - literary.
Note:
  • cioh4 - Shantou;
  • ciêh4 - Chaozhou.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location Xích
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Qingdao /tʃʰz̩⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰz̩³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩ʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰəʔ²/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂʰʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰaʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰei²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/
/ʈ͡ʂʰa²⁴/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰak̚¹/
Taoyuan /tʃʰɑk̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰɛk̚³/
Nanning /t͡sʰɛk̚³³/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰɛk̚³/
Min Xiamen(Hokkien) /t͡sʰik̚³²/
/t͡sʰioʔ³²/
Fuzhou(Eastern Min) /t͡sʰuɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou(Northern Min) /t͡sʰiɔ²⁴/
Shantou(Teochew) /t͡sʰioʔ²/
Haikou(Hainanese) /sek̚³/
/sio⁵⁵/

Rime
Character Xích
Reading # 1/1
Initial(Thanh) Xương(24)
Final(Vận) Tích(123)
Tone(Điều) Checked (Ø)
Openness(Khai hợp) Open
Division(Đẳng) III
Fanqie XươngThạchThiết
Baxter tsyhek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰiᴇk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰiæk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰiajk̚/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭɛk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
cik1
BaxterSagartsystem 1.1 (2014)
Character Xích
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhek ›
Old
Chinese
/*tʰAk/
English foot (measure)

Notesfor Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhangsystem (2003)
Character Xích
Reading # 1/1
No. 1461
Phonetic
component
Xích
Rime
group
Đạc
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Xích
Old
Chinese
/*tʰjaɡ/

Definitions

[edit]

Xích

  1. chi;Chinese foot(a traditional Chineseunitofdistancebased on the humanforearmand equal to 10cun(Thốn) or1/10zhang(Trượng))
  2. (Mainland China)mainlandchi; Chinese foot,standardizedin 1984 as1/3meter
  3. (Taiwan)Taiwanesefoot, standardized as10/33meter andidenticalto theJapaneseshaku
  4. (Hong Kong)chek;Hong Kong foot,standardized as 0.371475 meters
  5. (informal)imperialfoot
    Synonyms:Anh xích(yīngchǐ),Xích(chǐ)
  6. ruler(straightedge)(Classifier:Bảmc;Chimhmn;CanCanm)
  7. tape measure
Synonyms
[edit]
  • (ruler):
See also
[edit]

Compounds

[edit]
Descendants
[edit]
  • English:chi,chek
  • Zhuang:cik

Etymology 2

[edit]
trad. Xích
simp.# Xích

Pronunciation

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

Xích

  1. (music)Kunqugongchenotationfor thenotere(2).
  2. (music)Cantonese operagongchenotationfor thenotere(2).

Compounds

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
Xích

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. shaku(measurement)
  2. measure

Readings

[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]
EnglishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedia
JapaneseWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediaja
Kanjiin this term
Xích
しゃく
Grade: 6
on'yomi

FromMiddle ChineseXích(MCtsyhek).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

Xích(しゃく)orXích(せき)(shakuorseki)

  1. theshaku,"metalshaku",orJapanese foot:atraditionalJapaneseunitoflengthequalto 10sun(Thốn) or110(Trượng),standardizedas1033of ameter
    • 938,Minamoto no Shitagō,Wamyō Ruijushō,volume 6, page46:
      Xích[...] quảng bổn vô thượng tự, thuyết văn, xích thập thốn dã, nhân thủ khước thập phân động mạch vi thốn khẩu, thập thốn vi xích, xích sở dĩ chỉ xích quy củ sự dã tòng thi tòng ất, ất sở thức dã, kim tục hô tá chi hoặc hô mao nãi tá chi [...]
      (pleaseadd an English translationof this quotation)
    • c. 1177-1188:Iroha Jiruishō(volume 9, page 55)
      XíchシャクThập thốn vi xích
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    • 1603–1604,Nippo Jisho,page741:
      Xacu.シャク ( xích ) 1 palmoよりも thiếu し trường い, ある xích độ. Lệ, Ixxacu,nixacu.( nhất xích, nhị xích )Xacuuo toru. l, xacudoru. ( xích を thủ る. または, xích thủ る) thượng thuật のようなpalmoを単 vị として thốn pháp を kế る.
      (pleaseadd an English translationof this quotation)
  2. the "whaleshaku",avariantof theshakuusedinmeasuringclothequalto2566of ameter
  3. length
    Động họa(どうが)Xích(しゃく)Thân()ばす
    dōga noshakuo nobasu
    to prolong a video
    (literally, “to increase thelengthof a video” )
  4. (zoology)Thegeometer moth(Geometra papilionaria)
    • 1603–1604,Nippo Jisho,page741:
      Xacu.l, xacumuxi. シャク. または, しゃくむし ( xích. または, xích trùng ) bộ くときに thân を súc めたりしながら tiến む nhất chủng の tiểu trùng.Xacude taiuo tçuru. ( xích で điêu を điếu る) ngạn. この tiểu trùng で điêu を điếu って thủ る nhân のように, tiểu さなもので đại きなものを thủ に nhập れる.
      (pleaseadd an English translationof this quotation)
  5. (zoology)theinchworm
Idioms
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]
Kanjiin this term
Xích
たかばかり
Grade: 6
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
Trúc lượng
Ưng xứng

Compound of boundTrúc(taka,bamboo)+‎Trắc り(hakari),voiced due tocompounding.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key):[ta̠ka̠ba̠ka̠ɾʲi]

Noun

[edit]

Xích(たかばかり)(takabakari)

  1. abamboomeasure
    • 938,Minamoto no Shitagō,Wamyō Ruijushō,volume 6, page46:
      XíchNgụy võ thượng tạp vật 䟽 vân, tượng nha xích, xỉ diệc phản, biện sắc lập thành vân, xích trúc lượng dã,Thái gia ba khả lợi
      RuleThe Record of Emperor Wei Wu's Various Possessions speaks of an ivory rule, fanqie shaku. The Establishment of Distinct Colours says aruleis a bamboo measure,takapakari.

References

[edit]
  1. ^Matsumura, Akira,editor (2006),Đại từ lâm[Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN
  2. ^NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute,editor (1998),NHK nhật bổn ngữ phát âm アクセント từ điển[NHKJapanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese),Tokyo:NHK Publishing, Inc.,→ISBN

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

Xích(eum(cheok))

  1. hanjaform?of(Korean foot(30.3cm))
  2. hanjaform?of(ruler;straightedge)

Compounds

[edit]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

Xích:Hán Việtreadings:xích[1][2][3][4]
Xích:Nômreadings:xệch[2][5][4],xách[1][5],xế[2][5],xích[3][6],sệch[2],xạch[2],xịch[5]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation,then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

References

[edit]