.kw

See also:KW,kW,kw,kw-,andkʷ

Translingual

Etymology

.+ISO3166-1country codeforKuwait,KW.

Symbol

.kw

1. TheccTLDforKuwaitas assigned by theIANA.

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (reconstructed Old Egyptian)IPA^(key):/ku/

• (modern Egyptological)IPA^(key):/ʔkuː/
  • Conventional anglicization:.ku

Pronoun

sg1.stative ending

1. (Middle Egyptian,Late Egyptian,attached to a stative verb form)I,me

Inflection

Old Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
			masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅,.j	.k,.kj1	.ṯ,.ṯn	.f,.fj1	.s,.sj1
	dual	.nj	.ṯnj		.snj
	plural	.n	.ṯn		.sn
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	singular	w,wj,wy	kw,k,ṯw,ṯ	ṯm,ṯn	sw,s	s
	dual	—	ṯnj		snj
	plural	n	ṯn		sn
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	ṯwt	ṯmt	swt	stt
	dual	—	—		ntsnj
	plural	—	ntṯn		ntsn,jntsn
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	singular	.kj,.k	.tj,.t		∅,.j	.tj,.t
	dual	—	.tjwn		.wy,.wj	.ty
	plural	.wn,.nw			∅,.w,.y,.wy	.tj,.t
Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle.

Middle Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
			masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅,.j	.k,.kj1	.ṯ,.t	.f,.fj1	.s,.sj1
	dual2	.nj	.ṯnj,.tnj		.snj
	plural	.n	.ṯn,.tn		.sn,.w3
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	singular	wj,w	ṯw,tw	ṯn,tn	sw,st	sj,s,st
	plural	n	ṯn,tn		sn,st
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	ntk,ṯwt2	ntṯ,ntt,ṯwt2	ntf,swt2	nts,swt2
	plural	jnn3	ntṯn,nttn		ntsn
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	singular	.kw	.tj,.t,.tw3		∅,.w	.tj,.t,.tw3
	plural	.wn,.wjn	.tjwn,.tjwnj		∅,.w,.y
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns3	singular	tw.j	tw.k	tw.t	sw	sj,st
	plural	tw.n	tw.tn		st
Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle. Only in formal texts, especially religious texts. Only in postclassical (Neo-Middle Egyptian) texts.

Late Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
			masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅,.j	.k,.kw	.t	.f,.fj	.s,.st,.sw
	plural	.n	.tn,.twn		.w,.sn1
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns1	singular	wj	tw,tj		sw,st
	plural	n,wn	twn		sn,st
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	mntk,mtwk	mntt,mtwy	mntf	mntst,mntjst
	plural	jnn	mnttn		mntw
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings1	singular	.kw,.k	.tj,.tw		∅,.w,.y	.tj,.tw
	plural	.nw	.tn		∅,.w,.y
	unmarked (later)	∅,.tw
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns	singular	tw.j	tw.k	tw.t	sw	st,sw
	plural	tw.n	tw.tn		st,sw,swt
Only in formal texts, especially religious texts.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of.kw

.k	.kj	.kjw	.kw	.kw	.kw	.kw	.kw	.k
	[Old Egyptian]	[Old Egyptian]	[Middle Egyptian]	[Middle Egyptian]	[Middle Egyptian]	[Middle Egyptian]	[Middle and Late Egyptian]	[Middle Egyptian]
		hapax,perhaps erroneous or transitional between.kjand.kw		with reed leaf as determinative	with reed leaf as determinative

Some authors read this morpheme as.kwj,taking the finaland the occasionally appearing reed leafas equivalent to the first-person suffix pronoun.jinstead of a determinative.

Pronoun

msg2.suffix pronoun

1. Late Egyptian variant of.k(“you”)

References

• James P[eter] Allen(2010)Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs,2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,→ISBN,page206.
• Edel, Elmar (1955-1964)Altägyptische Grammatik,Rome: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum
• Junge, Friedrich (2005)Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction,second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, pages52, 82