borgen

See also:BorgenandBörgen

Danish

Etymology 1

Fromborge(“to guarantee”)+‎-en.CompareOld Norseborgan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/bɔrvən/;[ˈb̥ɒːwən, ˈb̥ɒˀwən]

Noun

borgenc

1. guarantee,warranty

Etymology 2

Seeborg(“castle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/bɔrvən/,[ˈb̥ɒːˀwən]

Noun

borgenc

1. definitesingularofborg
2. (slang)Christiansborg Palace(the Danish house of parliament)

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈbɔrɣə(n)/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation:bor‧gen
• Rhymes:-ɔrɣən

Etymology 1

FromMiddle Dutchborgen.Equivalent toborg+‎-en.

Verb

borgen

1. (transitive)tosecure,tokeepsafe
2. (transitive)toguarantee
3. (transitive,corporatejargon)to ensure the sustainability of a particular policy or procedure
4. (transitive,nowdialectal)tolend(especially of credit)

   Synonym:lenen

5. (transitive,dated,dialectal)toborrow

   Synonym:lenen

Conjugation

Conjugation ofborgen(weak)
infinitive	borgen
pastsingular	borgde
pastparticiple	geborgd
infinitive	borgen
gerund	borgenn
	present tense	past tense
1st personsingular	borg	borgde
2nd personsing.(jij)	borgt,borg2	borgde
2nd personsing.(u)	borgt	borgde
2nd personsing.(gij)	borgt	borgde
3rd personsingular	borgt	borgde
plural	borgen	borgden
subjunctivesing.1	borge	borgde
subjunctiveplur.1	borgen	borgden
imperativesing.	borg
imperativeplur.1	borgt
participles	borgend	geborgd
1)Archaic.2)In case ofinversion.

Derived terms

• afborgen

Related terms

• bergen

Descendants

• →Aukan:bolugu
• →Sranan Tongo:borgu

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the correspondinglemmaform.

Noun

borgen

1. pluralofborg

Verb

borgen

1. inflection ofbergen:
   1. pluralpastindicative
   2. (dated or formal)pluralpastsubjunctive

German

Etymology

InheritedfromMiddle High Germanborgen,fromOld High Germanborgēn,fromProto-West Germanic*borgōn.Cognate withEnglishborrow.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈbɔrɡən/,[ˈbɔʁ-],[ˈbɔɐ̯-],[ˈbɔː-],[-ɡən],[-ɡŋ̍]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation:bor‧gen

Verb

borgen(weak,third-person singular presentborgt,past tenseborgte,past participlegeborgt,auxiliaryhaben)

1. (transitive)toborrow
2. (transitive)tolend

Usage notes

• For the distinction between both senses see the notes atleihen.Borgenis generally interchangeable with the former, but is less frequent and slightly informal.

Conjugation

Conjugation ofborgen(weak,auxiliaryhaben)

infinitive		borgen
present participle		borgend
past participle		geborgt
auxiliary		haben
	indicative			subjunctive
	singular	plural		singular	plural
present	ichborge	wirborgen	i	ichborge	wirborgen
	duborgst	ihrborgt		duborgest	ihrborget
	erborgt	sieborgen		erborge	sieborgen
preterite	ichborgte	wirborgten	ii	ichborgte1	wirborgten1
	duborgtest	ihrborgtet		duborgtest1	ihrborgtet1
	erborgte	sieborgten		erborgte1	sieborgten1
imperative	borg(du) borge(du)	borgt(ihr)

¹Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative inwürdenormally preferred.

Composed forms ofborgen(weak,auxiliaryhaben)

perfect
	singular	plural		singular	plural
indicative	ichhabegeborgt	wirhabengeborgt	subjunctive	ichhabegeborgt	wirhabengeborgt
	duhastgeborgt	ihrhabtgeborgt		duhabestgeborgt	ihrhabetgeborgt
	erhatgeborgt	siehabengeborgt		erhabegeborgt	siehabengeborgt
pluperfect
indicative	ichhattegeborgt	wirhattengeborgt	subjunctive	ichhättegeborgt	wirhättengeborgt
	duhattestgeborgt	ihrhattetgeborgt		duhättestgeborgt	ihrhättetgeborgt
	erhattegeborgt	siehattengeborgt		erhättegeborgt	siehättengeborgt
future i
infinitive	borgenwerden		subjunctive i	ichwerdeborgen	wirwerdenborgen
				duwerdestborgen	ihrwerdetborgen
				erwerdeborgen	siewerdenborgen
indicative	ichwerdeborgen	wirwerdenborgen	subjunctive ii	ichwürdeborgen	wirwürdenborgen
	duwirstborgen	ihrwerdetborgen		duwürdestborgen	ihrwürdetborgen
	erwirdborgen	siewerdenborgen		erwürdeborgen	siewürdenborgen
future ii
infinitive	geborgthabenwerden		subjunctive i	ichwerdegeborgthaben	wirwerdengeborgthaben
				duwerdestgeborgthaben	ihrwerdetgeborgthaben
				erwerdegeborgthaben	siewerdengeborgthaben
indicative	ichwerdegeborgthaben	wirwerdengeborgthaben	subjunctive ii	ichwürdegeborgthaben	wirwürdengeborgthaben
	duwirstgeborgthaben	ihrwerdetgeborgthaben		duwürdestgeborgthaben	ihrwürdetgeborgthaben
	erwirdgeborgthaben	siewerdengeborgthaben		erwürdegeborgthaben	siewürdengeborgthaben

Derived terms

• ausborgen

Further reading

• “borgen”inDigitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• “borgen”in Uni Leipzig:Wortschatz-Lexikon
• “borgen”inDudenonline
• “borgen”inOpenThesaurus.de

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• borga

Noun

borgenmorf

1. definitemasculinesingularofborg

Old High German

Etymology

FromProto-West Germanic*borgōn,fromProto-Germanic*burgōną;akin toOld Englishborġian.

Verb

borgēn

1. toborrow

Conjugation

Conjugation ofborgēn(weak class 3)

infinitive	borgēn
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	borgēm,borgēn	borgēta
2nd person singular	borgēs,borgēst	borgētōs,borgētōst
3rd person singular	borgēt	borgēta
1st person plural	borgēm,borgēmēs	borgētum,borgētumēs
2nd person plural	borgēt	borgētut
3rd person plural	borgēnt	borgētun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	borge	borgēti
2nd person singular	borgēs,borgēst	borgētīs,borgētīst
3rd person singular	borge	borgēti
1st person plural	borgēm,borgēmēs	borgētīm,borgētīmēs
2nd person plural	borgēt	borgētīt
3rd person plural	borgēn	borgētīn
imperative	present
singular	borge
plural	borgēt
participle	present	past
	borgēnti	giborgēt

Descendants

• Middle High German:borgen
  • German:borgen

Swedish

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the correspondinglemmaform.

Noun

borgen

1. definitesingularofborg

Etymology 2

FromOld Swedishborghæn,borghan,ultimately from the root ofborga(“warrant”).Cognate ofIcelandicborgan,Danishborgen.

Noun

borgenc

1. (law)surety,security,guarantee(an undertaking to assume payment obligations for another person if that person is unable to pay themselves)

   gå iborgenför någon―vouch for someone

2. bail

Declension

Declension ofborgen

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	borgen	borgens
	definite	borgen	borgens
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

Derived terms

• borgensman
• borgenär
• proprieborgen

Related terms

• borga

References

• borgeninSvenska Akademiens ordlista(SAOL)
• borgeninSvensk ordbok(SO)
• borgeninSvenska Akademiens ordbok(SAOB)
• borgenin Elof Hellquist,Svensk etymologisk ordbok(1st ed., 1922)
• borghanin Knut Fredrik Söderwall,Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket,del 1: A-L