front

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See also:Front,Front.,andfrōnt

English

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WOTD – 2 September 2009

Etymology

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EnglishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedia

FromMiddle Englishfront,frunt,frount,fromOld Frenchfront,frunt,fromLatinfrōns, frontem(“forehead”).Doubletoffrons.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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front(countableanduncountable,pluralfronts)

  2. The foremostsideof something or theendthatfacesthe direction it normallymoves.
  3. The side of abuildingwith the mainentrance.
    • 1913,Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln,chapter I, inMr. Pratt’s Patients,New York, N.Y., London:D[aniel] Appleton and Company,→OCLC:
      Pretty soon I struck into a sort of path[…].It twisted and turned,[…]and opened out into a big clear space like a lawn. And, back of the lawn, was a big, old-fashioned house, with piazzas stretching infrontof it, and all blazing with lights.
  4. Afieldofactivity.
    • 2012January, Stephen Ledoux, “Behaviorism at 100”,inAmerican Scientist,volume100,number 1, page60:
      Becoming more aware of the progress that scientists have made on behavioralfrontscan reduce the risk that other natural scientists will resort to mystical agential accounts when they exceed the limits of their own disciplinary training.
  5. A person or institution acting as thepublicface of some other,covertgroup.
    Officially it's a dry-cleaning shop, but everyone knows it's afrontfor the mafia.
  6. (meteorology)Theinterfaceortransition zonebetween twoairmassesof differentdensity,often resulting inprecipitation.Since thetemperaturedistributionis the most importantregulatorofatmosphericdensity, a front almost invariably separates airmasses of different temperature.
    We need to take the clothes off theline.The news reported afrontis coming in from the east, and we can expect heavy rain and maybehail.
  7. (military)Anareawherearmiesare engaged inconflict,especially theline of contact.
  8. (military)Thelateralspace occupied by anelementmeasured from the extremity of oneflankto the extremity of the other flank.
  9. (military)The direction of theenemy.
  10. (military)When acombatsituation does not exist or is not assumed, the direction toward which thecommandis faced.
  11. (historical)A major military subdivision of theSovietArmy.
  12. (dated)Cheek;boldness;impudence.
  13. (informal)Anact,show,façade,persona:an intentional and false impression of oneself.
    He says he likes hip-hop, but I think it's just afront.
    You don't need to put on afront.Just be yourself.
  14. (historical)That which covers the foremost part of the head: a front piece of false hair worn by women.
  15. The mostconspicuouspart.
  16. Thebeginning.
  17. (UK)Aseafrontor coastalpromenade.
  18. (obsolete)The forehead or brow, the part of the face above the eyes; sometimes, also, the whole face.
  19. (slang,hotels,dated)Thebellhopwhose turn it is to answer aclient'scall,which is often the word "front" used as an exclamation.
  20. (slang,in theplural)Agrill(jewellery worn on front teeth).

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Hyponyms

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  • (The foremost side of something or the end that faces the direction it normally moves):(nautical)bow(of a ship)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Tok Pisin:fran
  • →Japanese:フロント(furonto)
  • →Korean:프런트(peureonteu)

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adjective

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front(comparativefurtherfront,superlativefurthestfront)

  1. Located at or near the front.
    Thefrontrunner was thirty meters ahead of her nearest competitor.
  3. (comparable,phonetics)Pronouncedwith the highest part of the body of thetonguetoward the front of themouth,near thehard palate(most often describing avowel).
    The English worddresshas afrontvowel in most dialects.
  4. Closestornearest,of a set offuturescontractswhichexpireat particular times, or of the times they expire;(typically, thefront monthorfront yearis the next calendar month or year after the current one).
    Synonym:prompt
    Antonym:back
    • 1995,Ignacio Mas, Jesús Saá-Requejo,Using Financial Futures in Trading and Risk Management,World Bank Publications, page11:
      Contracts are available for every month in thefrontyear but do not extend over a year.
    • 2000,The Handbook of World Stock, Derivative & Commodity Exchanges:
      Contract months: March, June, September and December[.] Minimum price fluctuation: 0.005 Index Point (1/2 basis point) equivalent to USD 12.50 per tick for thefront-year Eurodollar futures[…]
    • 2003,Larry Harris,Trading and Exchanges: Market Microstructure for Practitioners,OUP USA,→ISBN,page54:
      The contract that will expire next is called the front contract or front month contract. The other contracts are called the back contracts. In financial and industrial commodities, traders mostly trade only thefrontmonth contract.
    • 2010December 30, Frank J. Fabozzi, Anand K. Bhattacharya, William S. Berliner,Mortgage-Backed Securities: Products, Structuring, and Analytical Techniques,John Wiley & Sons,→ISBN,page35:
      Buying the security for the earlier (or “front”) month, and owning (and financing) it for the period ending with the latter (or “back” month) settlement date.
    • 2016August 8, Steve Bell,Quantitative Finance For Dummies,John Wiley & Sons,→ISBN,page113:
      To a speculator, a front month future is attractive. Refer to Figure 6-1 to see that both the open interest and the trading volume of thefront-month contract exceeds that of all the other contracts.
    • 2017October 17, Emmanuel Jurczenko,Factor Investing: From Traditional to Alternative Risk Premia,Elsevier,→ISBN,page359:
      An alternative definition would estimate the slope using thefrontfutures contract and the contract expiring 1 year after (these contracts are relatively liquid in the commodity markets).
    • 2021March 22, Alexander During,Fixed Income Trading and Risk Management: The Complete Guide,John Wiley & Sons,→ISBN,page324:
      When the back contract has a higher PVBP than thefrontcontract, fewer back contracts need to be bought or sold thanfrontcontracts are sold or bought. The PVBP-neutral roll ratio is simply the ratio of thefrontand back contracts[…]
    • 2021June 3, Mogens Steffensen,Risks: Feature Papers 2020,MDPI,→ISBN,page109:
      This means that in absolute terms, the number of transactions that is triggered by external sources is highest for thefrontcontract of corn.
    • 2021September 28, Todd E. Petzel,Modern Portfolio Management: Moving Beyond Modern Portfolio Theory,John Wiley & Sons,→ISBN,page471:
      Going long thefrontfutures contract and holding it a month in the example now produces a loss of $1 per barrel as the futures market converges to spot. And as long as the market is in a carry, this loss will happen continuously over[…]

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of“located near the front”):back,last,rear
  • (antonym(s) of“phonetics”):back

Translations

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Verb

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front(third-person singular simple presentfronts,present participlefronting,simple past and past participlefronted)

  1. (intransitive,dated)Toface(on,to); to be pointed in a given direction.
    • 1726October 28, [Jonathan Swift],Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World.[…][Gulliver’s Travels],volume I, London:[…]Benj[amin]Motte,[…],→OCLC,part I (A Voyage to Lilliput):
      The great gatefrontingto the north was about four feet high, and almost two feet wide, through which I could easily creep.
    • 1939,Raymond Chandler,The Big Sleep,Penguin, published2011,page35:
      The doorfrontedon a narrow run, like a footbridge over a gully, that filled the gap between the house wall and the edge of the bank.
    • 1999,George R.R. Martin,A Clash of Kings,Bantam, published2011,page312:
      They emerged atop the broad curving steps thatfrontedon the Street of the Sisters, near the foot of Visenya's Hill.
    • 2010,Ingrid D Rowland, "The Siege of Rome",New York Review of Books,Blog, 26 March:
      The palazzo has alwaysfrontedon a bus stop—but this putative man of the people has kindly put an end to that public service.
  2. (transitive)Toface,be opposite to.
    • 1749,[John Cleland], “(Please specify the letter or volume)”,inMemoirs of a Woman of Pleasure[Fanny Hill], London:[…][Thomas Parker]for G. Fenton [i.e.,Fenton andRalph Griffiths][…],→OCLC:
      After saluting her, he led her to a couch thatfrontedus, where they both sat down, and the young Genoese helped her to a glass of wine, with some Naples biscuit on a salver.
    • 1813January 27, [Jane Austen],Pride and Prejudice:[…],volumes(please specify |volume=I to III),London:[…][George Sidney]forT[homas]Egerton,[…],→OCLC:
      […]down they ran into the dining-room, whichfrontedthe lane, in quest of this wonder; it was two ladies stopping in a low phaeton at the garden gate.
    • 1913,D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence,Sons and Lovers,London:Duckworth & Co.[…],→OCLC:
      She sat on a seat under the alders in the cricket ground, andfrontedthe evening.
  3. (transitive)To face up to, to meet head-on, toconfront.
  4. (transitive)To adorn with, at the front; to put on the front.
    • 2001,Terry Goodkind,The Pillars of Creation,page148:
      Three tiers of balconiesfrontedwith roped columns supporting arched openings looked down on the marble hall.
  5. (phonetics,transitive,intransitive)Topronouncewith the tongue in a front position.
    • 2005,Paul Skandera, Peter Burleigh,A Manual of English Phonetics and Phonology,page48:
      The velar plosives are oftenfrontedthrough the influence of a following front vowel, and retracted through the influence of a following back vowel.
  7. (linguistics,transitive)To move (a word or clause) to the start of a sentence (or series of adjectives, etc).
    • 2001,Arthur J. Holmer, Jan-Olof Svantesson, Åke Viberg,Proceedings of the 18th Scandinavian Conference of Linguistics:
      […]in the clause, only the adjective may befronted;but if both a past participle and a verbal particle are present, either may befronted.Topicalization, in which maximal projections arefrontedto express pragmatics such as contrast, emphasis,...
    • 2010,George Melville Bolling, Bernard Bloch,Language:
      A problem facing any syntactic analysis of hyperbaton is that nonconstituent strings arefronted[…]In cases where the adjective isfrontedwith the determiner, the determiner is not doubled[…]
  8. (intransitive,slang)To act as a front (for); tocover(for).
    • 2007,Harold Robbins,A Stone for Danny Fisher,page183:
      Everybody knew Skopasfrontedfor the fight mob even though he was officially the arena manager.
  9. (transitive)Toleador be thespokespersonof (a campaign, organisation etc.).
    • 2009September 1, Mark Sweney,The Guardian:
      Ray Winstone isfrontinga campaign for the Football Association that aims to stop pushy parents shouting abuse at their children during the grassroots football season.
  10. (transitive,intransitive,multiplicity)Of analterin a person withmultiplicity(especially indissociative identity disorder): to be the currentlyactivelypresentingmember of (asystem), in control of the person'sbody.
    • 2018,Eric Yarbrough,Transgender Mental Health,page160:
      Frontingcan be understood as a representation of who controls the system, that is, the person to whom you are speaking. Emilia was typically the personfrontingher system.
  11. (transitive,colloquial)To providemoneyorfinancialassistance in advance to.
    • 2004,Danielle Steele,Ransom,page104:
      I'm prepared to say that Ifrontedyou the money for a business deal with me, and the investment paid off brilliantly.
  12. (intransitive,slang)To assume false or disingenuousappearances.
    Synonyms:put on airs,feign
    • 1993November 19, Bobby Hill, “Mad Real”, inWashington City Paper‎[2],archived fromthe originalon5 February 2013:
      So when I tell people where I'm from and check their reactions, I know in my heart I'm justfrontin’.Because the way and where I lived then pales when compared to the way and where many youths are living today.
    • 1994,Rivers Cuomo(lyrics and music), “Buddy Holly”, performed by Weezer:
      What's with these homies dissin' my girl? / Why do they gottafront?
    • 2006,Noire[pseudonym],Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale,New York, N.Y.:One World,Ballantine Books,→ISBN,page101:
      No matter how hard shefrontedin the coming years, Carmiesha could never forget that she had given birth and had a child in this world. Even when she tried not to remember, she still couldn’t forget.
    • 2008,Briscoe/Akinyemi, ‘Womanizer’:
      Boy don't try tofront,/ I-I know just-just what you are, are-are.
    • 2008,Markus Naerheim,The City,page531:
      You know damned straight what this is about, or you ain't as smart as you beenfrontin'.
  13. (transitive,slang)To deceive or attempt to deceive someone with false or disingenuous appearances (on).
    • 1992,“So What'cha Want”, performed by TheBeastie Boys:
      You think that you can front when revelation comes? / You can'tfront onthat
  14. (transitive)To appear before.
    tofrontcourt
  15. (transitiveorintransitive,slang,African-American Vernacular)To actcocky,disrespectfulandaggressive;toconfront(someone).

Derived terms

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Translations

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See also

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Catalan

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Etymology

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InheritedfromLatinfrontem,fromProto-Indo-European*bʰron-t-,from*bʰren-(“project”).CompareOccitanfront,Frenchfront,Spanishfrente.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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frontm(pluralfronts)

  1. front
  2. forehead

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Czech

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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frontminan

  1. front(subdivision of the Soviet army)

Declension

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Declension offront(hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative front fronty
genitive frontu frontů
dative frontu frontům
accusative front fronty
vocative fronte fronty
locative frontu frontech
instrumental frontem fronty

Further reading

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  • “front”,inPříruční slovník jazyka českého(in Czech),1935–1957
  • “front”,inSlovník spisovného jazyka českého(in Czech),1960–1971, 1989

Danish

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchfront.

Noun

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frontc(singular definitefronten,plural indefinitefronter)

  1. front

Declension

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Declension offront
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative front fronten fronter fronterne
genitive fronts frontens fronters fronternes

Synonyms

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Dutch

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchfront(noun),fronter(verb), fromLatinfrons(“forehead”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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frontn(pluralfronten,diminutivefrontjen)

  1. front

Derived terms

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French

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Etymology

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InheritedfromOld Frenchfront,fromLatinfrontem,fromProto-Indo-European*bʰron-t-,from*bʰren-(“project”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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frontm(pluralfronts)

  1. forehead
  2. (military)front,frontline

Derived terms

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Descendants

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See also

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Further reading

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Friulian

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Etymology

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FromLatinfrontem,accusative singular offrōns.

Noun

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frontm(pluralfronts)

  1. (anatomy)forehead

Hungarian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromGermanFront,fromFrenchfronte,fromLatinfrons,frontis.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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front(pluralfrontok)

  1. (military)front(an area where armies are engaged in conflict)
  2. (military)a unit composed of several, normally three, army groups, cf. GermanFront,[2a]
  3. (meteorology)front(the interface or transition zone between two airmasses of different density)
  4. (architecture)front,face(the side of a building with the main entrance)

Declension

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Inflection (stem in-o-,back harmony)
singular plural
nominative front frontok
accusative frontot frontokat
dative frontnak frontoknak
instrumental fronttal frontokkal
causal-final frontért frontokért
translative fronttá frontokká
terminative frontig frontokig
essive-formal frontként frontokként
essive-modal — —
inessive frontban frontokban
superessive fronton frontokon
adessive frontnál frontoknál
illative frontba frontokba
sublative frontra frontokra
allative fronthoz frontokhoz
elative frontból frontokból
delative frontról frontokról
ablative fronttól frontoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		fronté frontoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		frontéi frontokéi
Possessive formsoffront
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. frontom frontjaim
2nd person sing. frontod frontjaid
3rd person sing. frontja frontjai
1st person plural frontunk frontjaink
2nd person plural frontotok frontjaitok
3rd person plural frontjuk frontjaik

Coordinate terms

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References

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  1. ^Tótfalusi, István.Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára(’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005.→ISBN

Further reading

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  • frontinBárczi, GézaandLászló Országh.A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára( “The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.:ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN

Indonesian

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Etymology

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Perhaps fromDutchfront

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key):/fron(t)/
  • Hyphenation:front

Noun

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front

  1. front:
    1. The foremost side of something or the end that faces the direction it normally moves.
    2. An area where armies are engaged in conflict, especially the line of contact.
  2. (rough translation)a unified movement or joint movement in achieving a political or ideological goal

Kashubian

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Etymology

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BorrowedfromPolishfront.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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frontminan(related adjectivefrontowi)

  1. front(side of a building with the main entrance)
  2. (military,law enforcement)front(foremost part of a line of soldiers or policemen)
  3. (military)front(area where armies are engaged in conflict, especially the line of contact)

Further reading

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  • Jan Trepczyk (1994) “front”, inSłownik polsko-kaszubski(in Kashubian), volumes1–2
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “front”, inSłownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[3]

Maltese

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Etymology

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BorrowedfromItalianfronte.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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frontm(pluralfrontijiet)

  1. (military)front
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Middle English

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Noun

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front

  1. Alternative form offrount

Norman

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchfront,fromLatinfrōns,frontem.

Noun

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frontm(pluralfronts)

  1. (military)front

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchfront.

Noun

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frontm(definite singularfronten,indefinite pluralfronter,definite pluralfrontene)

  1. front

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchfront.

Noun

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frontm(definite singularfronten,indefinite pluralfrontar,definite pluralfrontane)

  1. front

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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Old French

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Etymology

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FromLatinfrōns, frontem.

Noun

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frontoblique singular,m(oblique pluralfronzorfrontz,nominative singularfronzorfrontz,nominative pluralfront)

  1. forehead
  2. (military)front

Descendants

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Polish

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PolishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediapl

Etymology

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Internationalism;possiblyborrowedfromGermanFront,Frenchfront,orEnglishfront,ultimately fromLatinfrōns.[1][2]First attested in 1656–1688.[3]CompareSilesianfrōnt.

Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes:-ɔnt
  • Syllabification:front

Noun

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frontminan(related adjectivefrontowy)

  1. (military,law enforcement)front(foremost part of a line of soldiers or policemen)
  2. (architecture)front(side of a building with the main entrance)
  3. (military)front(area where armies are engaged in conflict, especially the line of contact)
  4. (military)front(military unit composed of multiple armies that sits in the line of contact)
  5. (literary)front(activity against someone else's activity)
  6. (literary)front(group carrying out activity against someone else's activity)
  7. (meteorology)front(interface or transition zone between two airmasses of different density, often resulting in precipitation)
  8. front(formation of planes during a group flight)
  9. front(area of activity)
  10. (obsolete,colloquial)housefacingastreet
  11. (Middle Polish)front(foremost side of something or the end that faces the direction it normally moves)
    Synonym:przód

Declension

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Declension offront
singular plural
nominative front fronty
genitive frontu frontów
dative frontowi frontom
accusative front fronty
instrumental frontem frontami
locative froncie frontach
vocative froncie fronty

Derived terms

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adverbs
nouns
verbs
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adverbs

Descendants

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Trivia

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According toSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej(1990),frontis one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 8 times in scientific texts, 20 times in news, 29 times in essays, 8 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 74 times, making it the 866th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[4]

References

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  1. ^Mirosław Bańko,Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “front”,inWielki słownik wyrazów obcych,→ISBN
  2. ^Stanisław Dubisz,editor (2003), “front”,inUniwersalny słownik języka polskiego[Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1](in Polish), volumes1-4,Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA,→ISBN
  3. ^“FRONT”,inElektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku[Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century],13.03.2009
  4. ^Ida Kurcz(1990) “front”,inSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej[Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page121

Further reading

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Romanian

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Etymology

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BorrowedfromFrenchfront.

Noun

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frontn(pluralfronturi)

  1. (military)front,front line

Declension

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Declension offront
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un)front frontul (niște)fronturi fronturile
genitive/dative (unui)front frontului (unor)fronturi fronturilor
vocative frontule fronturilor

Serbo-Croatian

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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frȍntm(Cyrillic spellingфро̏нт)

  1. (military)front

Declension

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Declension offront
singular plural
nominative frȍnt fròntovi
genitive fronta frontova
dative frontu frontovima
accusative front frontove
vocative fronte frontovi
locative frontu frontovima
instrumental frontom frontovima

Swedish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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frontc

  1. The front end or side of something.
    Bilen hade fått en ful buckla påfronten.
    "There was an ugly bump on the front of the car."
  2. front- the area were two armies are fighting each other.
    På västfrontenintet nytt(All Quiet on the Western Front,book byErich Maria Remarque)
  3. front- area were hot and cold air meet
  4. front- one aspect of a larger undertaking which is temporarily seen as a separate undertaking in order to evaluate its progress in relationship to the whole.

Declension

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Declension offront
nominative genitive
singular indefinite front fronts
definite fronten frontens
plural indefinite fronter fronters
definite fronterna fronternas

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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