geld

See also:Geldandgeldt

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ɡɛld/

• Audio(Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ɛld

Etymology 1

FromMiddle Englishgeldand reinforced byMedieval Latingeldum,both fromOld Englishgeld,ġield(“payment, tribute”),fromProto-West Germanic*geld,fromProto-Germanic*geldą(“reward, gift, money”),fromProto-Indo-European*gʰeldʰ-(“to pay”).Probably reinforced bygelt(which see), seeNorwegian Bokmålgjeld(“debt”),Danishgæld(“debt”).Geldis also writtengeltorgild,and as such found inwergild,Danegeld,etc.

Cognates

Cognate withNorth Frisianjild(“money”),Saterland FrisianJield,Jäild(“money”),Dutchgeld(“money”),GermanGeld(“money”),Old Norsegjald(“payment”),Gothic𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳(gild,“tribute”).Also related toEnglishyield.

Noun

geld(countableanduncountable,pluralgelds)

1. (chieflyarchaic,dialectalorhistorical)Money.
   1. (Northern England)Apayment.
   2. (historical)In particular, (money paid as) amedievalform of landtax.

Verb

geld(third-person singular simple presentgelds,present participlegelding,simple past and past participlegelded)

1. (historical)Totaxgeld.

Related terms

• Danegeld
• hidegeld
• wharfgeld
• sandgeld
• wergeld
• yield

Translations

money—seemoney

medieval land tax

• Latin:geldumn
• Old English:gieldn

Etymology 2

FromMiddle Englishgelden,fromOld Norsegelda(“to geld, castrate”),fromProto-Germanic*galdijaną(“to castrate”),fromProto-Indo-European*gʰel-(“to cut”).

Cognate withOld Norsegeldr(“yielding no milk, dry”),Germangalt,gelt(“not giving milk, barren”),Gothic𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌰(gilþa,“sickle”).Compare the archaicGermanGelze(“castrated swine”)andgelzen(“to castrate”),Danishgalt(“castrated boar”)(fromOld Norsegǫltr(“boar, hog”),cognate withEnglishgiltandgilde(“to geld”)."gelding"derives fromOld Norsegeldingr.

Verb

geld(third-person singular simple presentgelds,present participlegelding,simple past and past participlegeldedorgelt)

1. (transitive)Tocastrateamale(usually ananimal).
   • 1922,Virginia Woolf,Jacob's Room,Vintage Classics, paperback edition, pages16–17:

     "Poor old Topaz," said Mrs Flanders, as he stretched himself out in the sun, and she smiled, thinking how she had had himgelded,and how she did not like red hair in men.

2. (transitive,figurative)Todepriveof anythingessential;toweaken.

Translations

remove the testicles of a person or animal—seecastrate

Noun

geld(pluralgelds)

1. A female animal, such as aeweorcow,that is notpregnant.

Anagrams

• gled

Afrikaans

Etymology

FromDutchgeld(“money”),fromMiddle Dutchgelt,fromOld Dutchgeld,fromProto-Germanic*geldą,cognate withGermanGeld(“money”),Old Norsegjald(“payment”),Gothic𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳(gild,“tribute”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/χɛlt/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

geld(pluralgelde)

1. (uncountable)money
2. (uncountable)cash,currency

   Synonym:kontant

3. tariff,compensation

Derived terms

• geldboete
• geldeenheid
• geldstuk
• papgeld
• sakgeld
• spaargeld

Descendants

• →Sotho:tjhelete
• →Venda:tshelede

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ɣɛlt/,(Northern Dutch)[xɛlt],(Southern Dutch)[ɣɛlt]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation:geld
• Rhymes:-ɛlt

Etymology 1

FromMiddle Dutchgelt,gheld,ghelt,fromOld Dutchgeld,fromProto-West Germanic*geld,fromProto-Germanic*geldą(“reward, gift, money”),fromProto-Indo-European*gʰeldʰ-(“to pay”).

Noun

geldn(pluralgelden)

1. money

   Synonyms:doekoe,poen

Derived terms

• baar geld
• belastinggeld
• bibbergeld
• bloedgeld
• briefgeld
• bruggegeld
• chartaal geld
• drinkgeld
• eieren voor zijn geld kiezen
• geldaanbod
• geldauto
• geldautomaat
• geldbedrag
• geldboete
• geldbron
• geldbuidel
• geldeenheid
• geldelijk
• geldezel
• geldgebrek
• geldgewin
• geldgroei
• geldhandel
• geldhoeveelheid
• geldillusie
• geldkraan
• geldneutraliteit
• geldschepping
• geldschieten
• geldsnoeier
• geldsom
• geldsoort
• geldstraf
• geldstroom
• geldstuk
• geldtransport
• geldvoorraad
• geldwaarde
• geldwagen
• geldwolf
• geldzaak
• gevarengeld
• giraal geld
• goed geld
• handgeld
• kasgeld
• lidgeld
• losgeld
• monopolygeld
• muntgeld
• ontgelden
• overheidsgeld
• papiergeld
• reisgeld
• slecht geld
• speelgeld
• staangeld
• stageld
• vakantiegeld
• vergelden
• wachtgeld
• weergeld
• wisselgeld
• zakgeld
• zwart geld
• zwijggeld

Descendants

• Afrikaans:geld
  • →Sotho:tjhelete
  • →Venda:tshelede
• Jersey Dutch:xjäält,xält
• Negerhollands:geld,gelt
• Skepi Creole Dutch:galti

Etymology 2

FromMiddle Dutchgelde,probably borrowed fromOld Norsegeldr(“barren, yielding no milk”),fromProto-Germanic*galdaz,*galdijaz(“barren, unfruitful”).The ultimate origin is uncertain; possibly fromProto-Indo-European*gʰel-(“to cut”),or from*gʰel-(“to shout, cry”).

Adjective

geld(notcomparable)

1. (obsolete,of female animals)notpregnant

   Antonym:drachtig

2. (obsolete,of fish)male

Inflection

Declension ofgeld
uninflected	geld
inflected	gelde
comparative	—
		positive
predicative/adverbial		geld
indefinite	m./f.sing.	gelde
	n.sing.	geld
	plural	gelde
definite		gelde
partitive		gelds

Alternative forms

• gelt(obsolete)

Descendants

• →West Frisian:geld

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the correspondinglemmaform.

Verb

geld

1. inflection ofgelden:
   1. first-personsingularpresentindicative
   2. imperative

Icelandic

Verb

geld

1. first-personsingularpresentindicativeofgjalda

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/jeld/,[jeɫd]

Noun

ġeldn

1. Alternative form ofġield

Declension

Declension ofġeld(strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	ġeld	ġeld
accusative	ġeld	ġeld
genitive	ġeldes	ġelda
dative	ġelde	ġeldum

Scots

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[ɡɛl(d)]

Adjective

geld(comparativemairgeld,superlativemaistgeld)

1. Alternative form ofyeld