i

See also:IandAppendix:Variations of "i"

i U+0069,i LATIN SMALL LETTER I ←h [U+0068] Basic Latin j→ [U+006A]

Character variations

ⁱ U+2071,ⁱ SUPERSCRIPT LATIN SMALL LETTER I [unassigned: U+2072–U+2073] ←⁰ [U+2070] Superscripts and Subscripts ⁴→ [U+2074]

ⅰ U+2170,ⅰ SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL ONE ←Ⅿ [U+216F] Number Forms ⅱ→ [U+2171]

ｉ U+FF49,ｉ FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER I ←ｈ [U+FF48] Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｊ→ [U+FF4A]

Languages (154)

Translingual•English

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Acehnese•Adangme•Albanian•Alemannic German•Ama•Anambé•Araweté•Aruá•Azerbaijani•Bambara•Basque•Bavarian•Bislama•Borôro•Bourguignon•Cameroon Pidgin•Catalan•Cèmuhî•Chuukese•Cimbrian•Classical Nahuatl•Cornish•Corsican•Czech•Dalmatian•Dama (Sierra Leone)•Danish•Drehu•Dutch•Elfdalian•Emilian•Esperanto•Estonian•Extremaduran•Fala•Faroese•Finnish•Foi•French•Friulian•Fula•Galician•Gothic•Guinea-Bissau Creole•Haitian Creole•Hawaiian•Hokkien•Hungarian•Icelandic•Ido•Igbo•Indonesian•Ingrian•Irish•Italian•Italiot Greek•Iu Mien•Japanese•Kabuverdianu•Kabyle•Kankanaey•Kashubian•Ladin•Ladino•Latgalian•Latin•Latvian•Liangmai Naga•Ligurian•Lithuanian•Livonian•Lower Grand Valley Dani•Lower Sorbian•Lule Sami•Lushootseed•Makasar•Malay•Maltese•Mandinka•Maori•Middle English•Middle Low German•Mirandese•Mòcheno•Mondé•Murui Huitoto•Navajo•Neapolitan•Nheengatu•North Frisian•Norwegian Bokmål•Norwegian Nynorsk•Nupe•Occitan•Old French•Old Irish•Old Occitan•Old Polish•Old Tupi•Paicî•Papiamentu•Pijin•Polish•Portuguese•Rapa Nui•Romani•Romanian•Samoan•Sardinian•Sassarese•Sathmar Swabian•Savi•Scots•Scottish Gaelic•Serbo-Croatian•Sicilian•Silesian•Silimo•Sirionó•Skolt Sami•Slovak•Slovene•Spanish•Sranan Tongo•Sumerian•Swabian•Swedish•Tagalog•Tahitian•Talysh•Tarifit•Tlingit•Tok Pisin•Tokelauan•Tongan•Turkish•Turkmen•Vietnamese•Volapük•Votic•Walloon•Wano•Welsh•West Makian•White Lachi•Yele•Yola•Yoruba•Yuqui•Zia•Zou•Zulu

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Page categories

Translingual

Etymology 1

Lower case variation of upper caseI,fromAncient GreekletterΙ(I,“Iota”).

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The ninth letter of thebasic modern Latin alphabet.

i(upper caseİ)

1. In the Turkish alphabet and its descendants, the lower-case form of dotted capitalİ,which contrasts withıas the lower-case form of dotless capitalI.

See also

• (Latin script):AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSſsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz
• (Variations of letter I):ÍíÌìĬĭÎîǏǐÏïḮḯĨĩĮįĪīỈỉȈȉȊȋỊịḬḭƗɨɨ̆ᵻᶖİiIıɪＩｉfiffiIJijIJij
• (Letters withdot):ȦȧẠạẶặẬậǠǡḂḃḄḅĊċḊḋḌḍĖėẸẹḞḟĠġḢḣḤḥIiİiIıỊịḲḳḶḷṀṁṂṃṄṅṆṇȮȯỌọỢợṖṗṘṙṚṛṠṡṢṣẛṪṫṬṭỤụỰựṾṿẆẇẈẉẊẋẎẏỴỵŻżẒẓ

Derived symbols

• j
• ɨ—IPA
• İandı— Turkish

Similar and related symbols

• Ιandι— Greek
• Іandі— Cyrillic I, used inBelarusianandUkrainian
• Ӏandӏ— Cyrillicpalochka,used in theCaucasianlanguages
• ا— Arabic (alif)
• 1— Arabic numeral
• Ꭵ—Cherokee(IPA: ə̃)
• ᛁ—Runic
• ɪ—IPA

Etymology 2

• (mathematics, imaginary number):abbreviation ofimaginary
• (engineering, electric current):abbreviation of Frenchintensité du courantfirst used by M. André-Marie Ampère
• (computer programming, generic index):abbreviation ofindex
• (linguistics):abbreviation ofidentity

Pronunciation

• Pronunciation of IPA[iː]:

  (file)

Symbol

i

1. (mathematics,often in italics or bold)Theimaginary unit;a fixedsquare rootof -1. Graphically,$i$is shown on the vertical (y-axis) plane.

   Synonym:j

   a+bi with a is real part and b is imaginary part

2. (engineering,often in bold)Thecurrentflow in an electriccircuit,frequently measured inamperes.

   v=ir (Ohm's Law)

3. (mathematics,programming)A common variable name representing a generic index, especially in loops.

   Synonym:j

4. (IPA,romanization)aclose front unrounded vowel.
5. (superscript⟨ⁱ⟩,IPA)[i]-coloring, an[i]on-glide or off-glide (a diphthong), or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo[i].
6. (international standards)transliterates Indicइ(or equivalent).
7. (financial mathematics)annualeffectiveinterest rate
8. (subscript,linguistics)indicates that two items are identical orcoreferential(refer to the same thing). E.g.CV_iCV_imeans a sequence of consonant-vowel-consonant-vowel, where the two V's are the same vowel;Sally_i... she_imeans that 'she' refers to 'Sally'. A second identity may be indicated withj.

Etymology 3

Lower case form of upper case Roman numeralI,apparently derived from the shape of a notch scored across a tally stick.

Alternative forms

• I,Ⅰ,ⅰ

Numeral

i(lower case Roman numeral,upper caseI)

1. cardinalnumberone.
2. (music)minortonictriad

See also

• Next:ii(2)
• Roman numerals

Gallery

• Letter styles
• 
  Uppercase and lowercase versions ofI,in normal and italic type
• 
  Uppercase and lowercaseIinFraktur

See also

Other representations of I:

NATO phonetic:India Morse code:·· Braille:⠊ ASL Manual:I

Signal flag:

Semaphore:

English

Etymology 1

FromLatini,minusculeofI.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/aɪ/,/ɪ/,/i/
• (letter name):enPR:ī,IPA^(key):/aɪ/

• Audio(US):

  (file)

• Rhymes:-aɪ
• Homophones:aye,eye

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI,pluralisori's)

1. The ninthletterof the Englishalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

The English letterirepresents many different sounds, often the diphthong/aɪ/(from Middle English/iː/), as in the pronounI,or/ɪ/as inbit.

See also

• (Latin script letters)letter;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Number

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. Theordinalnumberninth,derived from thisletterof the Englishalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Noun

i(pluralies)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.
   • the position of ani-dot (the dot of ani)
   • i-mutation,i-umlaut

Alternative forms

• eye

Derived terms

• dot the i's and cross the t's
• i-adjective
• i-breve
• i-dotter
• i-dotting
• i-mutation
• i-stem
• i-word
• long i
• short i

Translations

Seei/translations § Noun.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names)letter;a,bee,cee,dee,e,ef,gee,aitch,i,jay,kay,el,em,en,o,pee,cue,ar,ess,tee,u,vee,double-u,ex,wye,zee/zed^{(Category:en:Latin letter names)}

Etymology 2

FromOld Englishiċ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/aɪ/
• Rhymes:-aɪ
• Homophones:aye,eye

Pronoun

i

1. (nonstandard)Alternativeletter-caseform ofI
   • 1762,Benj[amin] Stillingfleet,Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to Natural History, Husbandry, and Physick. To Which Is Added the Calendar of Flora.,2nd edition, London:[…]R. and J. Dodsley,[…];S. Baker,[…];and T. Payne,[…],pages30 and 32:

     Here follow ſome few lines in the original, which not underſtandingihave omitted.[…]Laſtly that amidſt ſo many viciſſitudes of fortune, to which I have been expoſed, amongſt all the goods,iſay, and evils, the joyfull and gloomy, the pleaſing, and diſagreeable circumſtances of life, thou endowedſt me with an equal, conſtant, manly, and ſuperior ſpirit on every occaſion.

Usage notes

• Also used in instant messaging due to limitations of entering capitals on a mobile phone's keypad.
• Sometimes to indicate informality, primarily in typed media

Etymology 3

Abbreviations.

1. (stenoscript)a word-initial letter ⟨i⟩
2. (stenoscript)the long vowel /aɪ/ at the end of a word, or before a final consonant that is not /dʒ, v, z/. (Note: the final consonant is not written.)
3. (stenoscript)the wordsif,is,it,its

Acehnese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[i]

Noun

i

1. water

References

• 2007.The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive.Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Adangme

Pronoun

i

1. I

   Isuɔ mo.―Ilove you.

Albanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[i]

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The thirteenthletterof the Albanianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)shkronjë;Aa,Bb,Cc,Çç,Dd,Dhdh,Ee,Ëë,Ff,Gg,Gjgj,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Llll,Mm,Nn,Njnj,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Rrrr,Ss,Shsh,Tt,Thth,Uu,Vv,Xx,Xhxh,Yy,Zz,Zhzh

Preposition

im

1. masculine singular preposition
2. of(+ dative)

   FisiiMalësorëve.―The tribeofHighlanders.

   FisiiMalësorëvet.―The tribeofthe Highlanders.

Article

im

1. masculine singular nominative adjectival article
2. the

   Shkurt.Ishkurt.Ishkurti.―Short. Short one.Theshort one.orShort. Shorty.Theshorty.

   Madh.Imadhi zot. / Zotiimadh.―Great.Thegreat god.

See also

SeeAppendix:Albanian adjectival articlesfor other forms.

Numeral

i(Gheg)

1. Dialectalform ofnjë

Related terms

• e,të,së

Alemannic German

Pronoun

i(unstressed)

1. I(first-person singular pronoun)

   Synonym:(stressed)ich

Ama

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ĩː/

Noun

i

1. tooth

Anambé

Noun

i

1. water

Further reading

• Paul Ehrenreich,Materialien zur Sprachenkunde Brasiliens IV: Vocabulare der Guajajara und Anambē (Para)(1895) (i)
• Wolf Dietrich,Correspondências fonológicas e lexicais entre Karitiána (Arikém, Tupí) e Tupí-Guaraní(y)

Araweté

Noun

i

1. water

References

• Eliete de Jesus Bararuá Solano,Descrição gramatical da Língua Araweté,page 80, 2009

Aruá

Noun

i

1. water

References

• Čestmír Loukotka,Documents et vocabulaires inédits de langues et de dialectes Sud Américains,JSAP52: 7-60 (1963), page 44

Azerbaijani

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/ɪ/

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseİ)

1. The fourteenthletterof the Azerbaijanialphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters)hərf;Aa,Bb,Cc,Çç,Dd,Ee,Əə,Ff,Gg,Ğğ,Hh,Xx,Iı,İi,Jj,Kk,Qq,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Öö,Pp,Rr,Ss,Şş,Tt,Uu,Üü,Vv,Yy,Zz

Bambara

Pronoun

í

1. thou,you(singular)

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Basquealphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,(Çç),Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,L,l,Mm,Nn,Ññ,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,(Üü),Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Noun

i(indeclinable)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names)a,be,ze,de,e,efe,ge,hatxe,i,jota,ka,ele,eme,ene,eñe,o,pe,ku,erre,ese,te,u,uve,uve bikoitz,ixa,i greko,zeta

Bavarian

Alternative forms

• y(Niederbayerisch)

Etymology

FromMiddle High Germanich,fromOld High Germanih,fromProto-West Germanic*ik.Cognates includeGermanichandYiddishאיך(ikh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i(ː)/,(stressed)[iː],(unstressed)[ɪ],[e]

Pronoun

i

1. I
   • 2013,“I halts nit aus [I can't endure it]”, performed by Hannah:

     Ihalts nit aus, des Scheißgefühl,ikann di doch liaben wann und woiwill!

     Ican't endure this shitty feeling,Ican, after all, love you when and whereIwant!

See also

Bavarian personal pronouns

		nominative		accusative		dative
		stressed	unstressed	stressed	unstressed	stressed	unstressed
1stperson singular		i	—	mi	—	mia(mir)	ma
2ndperson singular (informal)		du	—	di	—	dia(dir)	da
2ndperson singular (formal)		Sie	—	Eahna	—	Eahna	—
3rdperson singular	m	er	a	eahm	'n	eahm	'n
	n	es,des	's	des	's
	f	se,de	's	se	's	ihr	—
1stperson plural		mia(mir)	ma	uns	—	uns	—
2ndperson plural		eß,ihr	—	enk,eich	—	enk,eich	—
3rdperson plural		se	's	eahna	—	eahna	—

Bislama

Particle

i

1. Separates thesubjectof a sentence from thepredicate,used when the subject is apronounor anoun

Borôro

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/

Noun

i

1. tree

Bourguignon

Alternative forms

• je(rare)

Etymology

FromOld Frenchje,fromVulgar Latineo,fromLatinego.Near cognates includeFranc-Comtoisiand standardFrenchje.

Pronoun

i

1. I

   Ipanse qu'iseus maulaide.―Ithink thatI'm sick.

   It'aime.―Ilove you.

2. we

Related terms

SeeAppendix:Bourguignon personal pronouns.

Cameroon Pidgin

Alternative forms

• he,she,it(in higher registers closer to English with corresponding gender distinction)
• il,ele(Camfranglais with Romance gender distinction)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Pronoun

i

1. 3rd person singular subject personal pronoun

See also

Cameroonian Pidgin personal pronouns

Subject personal pronouns
		singular	plural
1st person		I	we,wu
2nd person		you	wuna
3rd person		i	dey
Object and topic personal pronouns
1st person		me	we
2nd person		you	wuna
3rd person		yi,-am	dem,-am

Catalan

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):(Central,Balearic,Valencia)[ˈi]

This entry needs anaudio pronunciation.If you are a native speaker with a microphone, pleaserecord this word.The recorded pronunciationwill appear herewhen it's ready.

• Homophone:hi
• Rhymes:-i

Noun

if(pluralis)

1. theLatinletterI(lowercasei)

Derived terms

• i comercial
• i grega

Etymology 2

FromOld Catalane.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):(Central,Balearic,Valencia)[i]
• Homophone:hi
• Rhymes:-i

Conjunction

i

1. and;used to connecttwosimilar words, phrases, sentences, etc.; as well as; together with; in addition to

   Hi ha moltes colomesiteuladins.―There are many pigeonsandsparrows.

   Ella escriu els articlesiell els il·lustra amb els seus dibuixos.―She writes the articlesandhe illustrates them with his drawings.

Alternative forms

• y(obsolete)
• e(medieval,obsolete)

References

• “i”inDiccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició,Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “i”,inGran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana,Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana,2024
• “i”inDiccionari normatiu valencià,Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “i”inDiccionari català-valencià-balear,Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Cèmuhî

Etymology

FromProto-Oceanic*kutu.

Noun

i

1. louse

References

• Jim Hollyman,K. J. Hollyman,Études sur les langues du Nord de la Nouvelle-Calédonie,page 52,1999

Chuukese

Pronoun

i

1. him
2. her
3. it

Related terms

Chuukese personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		ngaang,nganga,ngang	áám,am(exclusive) kiich,kich(inclusive)
2nd person		een,en	áámi,ami
3rd person		iiy,i	iir,ir

Cimbrian

Alternative forms

• ich(Sette Comuni)

Etymology

FromMiddle High Germanich,fromOld High Germanih,fromProto-West Germanic*ik.Cognate withGermanich,EnglishI.

Pronoun

i

1. (Luserna)I

   Ihån an pruadar un a sbestar.―Ihave a brother and a sister.

Inflection

Personal pronouns
	singular	plural
1st person	i	biar
2nd person	du	iar
3rd person	er,si,'z	se

References

• Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013)Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter[Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Classical Nahuatl

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/

Verb

ī

1. (transitive)todrink

Cornish

Pronoun

i

1. they

Corsican

Etymology

From the earlierli.CompareItaliani(“the”)andRomanianîi(“them”).

Article

impl(masculine singularu,feminine singulara,feminine plurale)

1. the(masculine plural)

Usage notes

• Before a vowel,iturns intol'.

Pronoun

impl

1. them(direct object)

Usage notes

• Before a vowel,iturns intol'.

See also

Corsican personal pronouns

		Nominative	Dative	Accusative	Disjunctive
Singular	1st person	eiu	mi		mè
	2nd person	tù	ti		tè
	3rd personm	ellu	li	u,l'	ellu
	3rd personf	ella		a,l'	ella
Plural	1st person	noi	ci		noi
	2nd person	voi	vi		voi
	3rd personm	elli	li	i,l'	elli
	3rd personf	elle		e,l'	elle

References

• https://infcor.adecec.net/

Czech

Etymology

FromProto-Slavic*i.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ɪ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Conjunction

i

1. and(also), andeven

   Synonyms:(Moravian)aj,(Moravian)aji

2. even(implying an extreme example, used at the beginning of sentences)

   Synonyms:(Moravian)aj,(Moravian)aji

   Islepá veverka někdy najde ořech.―Evena blind squirrel finds an acorn sometimes.

Derived terms

• i když

Further reading

• “i”,inPříruční slovník jazyka českého(in Czech),1935–1957
• “i”,inSlovník spisovného jazyka českého(in Czech),1960–1971, 1989

Dalmatian

Etymology

FromLatinillī,nominative masculine plural ofille.CompareItaliani,gli.

Article

i

1. the;masculine plural definite article

Related terms

• el
• la
• le

Dama (Sierra Leone)

Etymology

Likely cognate withVai[script needed](i,“you”).

Pronoun

i

1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
   1. I(first-person singular personal pronoun)
   2. you(second-person singular person pronoun)

Usage notes

Theremembererwho glossed this word did so as "I", but Dalby proposes that this is an error, based on the Vai pronouns.

References

• Dalby, T. D. P. (1963) “The extinct language of Dama”, inSierra Leone Language Review,volume 2, Freetown: Fourah Bay College, pages50–54

Danish

Etymology

FromOld Norseí,fromProto-Germanic*in,fromProto-Indo-European*en.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes:-i
• Homophone:I
• Rhymes:-iː

Preposition

i

1. in,inside
2. Indicates exponentiation.

   Treifemte.―Threeto the power offive.(short for tre i femte potens, three in fifth power). [note that the exponent is in the ordinal form]

3. for(some duration)

   Jeg har boet heritre år.―I have lived hereforthree years.

4. Used to indicate a past time or period when something took place.

   Han fyldte seks årimandags.―He turned six years oldonMonday.

5. Used to indicate regular presence in a location.

   Pigen gårigymnasiet og er 17 år―The girl goestohigh school and is 17 years old.

6. Used in conjunction with time to indicate a number of minutes before a full hour.

   Fem minutteritolv.―Five minutestotwelve.

7. Used when indicating that something is happening or repeated a number of times within each time period.

   Tre gangeitimen.―Three timesaday

8. Indicates affiliation with a profession.

   Professorifysik―Professorofphysics

Drehu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Noun

i

1. fish

References

• Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983)Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification.Cited in: "Dehu"in Greenhill, S.J.,Blust, R.,&Gray, R.D.(2008).The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics.Evolutionary Bioinformatics,4:271–283.
• Leenhardt, M. (1946)Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie.Cited in: "ⁿDe’u"in Greenhill, S.J.,Blust, R.,&Gray, R.D.(2008).The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics.Evolutionary Bioinformatics,4:271–283.

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-i
• (letter name):IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Dutchalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)letter;Aa(Áá,Ää),Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee(Éé,Ëë),Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii(Íí,Ïï,IJij),Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo(Óó,Öö),Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu(Úú,Üü),Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy(Ýý),Zz

Elfdalian

Etymology

FromOld Norseí,fromProto-Germanic*in.Cognate withSwedishi.

Preposition

i

1. in

Emilian

Alternative forms

• j-(before vowels)
• -i(after consonant)
• -j(after vowels)

Etymology

FromLatinillī(“they”)(nominative plural ofille).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/
• Hyphenation:i

Pronoun

i(personal)

1. (nominative case, masculine)they
2. (accusative case, masculine)them

Related terms

Emilian personal pronouns (strong forms)

Number	Person	Gender	Disjunctive (tonic)	Nominative (subject)	Accusative (direct complement)	Dative (indirect complement)	Reflexive (-self)	Comitative (with)
Singular	First	—	mè	a	me			mêg
	Second	—	tè	et	te			têg
	Third	Masculine	ló	al		ge	se	sêg
		Feminine	lê	la
Plural	First	Masculine	nuēter	a	se			nōsk
		Feminine	nuētri
	Second	Masculine	vuēter	a	ve			vōsk
		Feminine	vuētri
	Third	Masculine	lôr	i		ge	se	sêg
		Feminine		el	li

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• (letter name):IPA^(key):/i/
• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/i/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The twelfthletterof the Esperantoalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters)litero;Aa,Bb,Cc,Ĉĉ,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Ĝĝ,Hh,Ĥĥ,Ii,Jj,Ĵĵ,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Rr,Ss,Ŝŝ,Tt,Uu,Ŭŭ,Vv,Zz

Noun

i(accusative singulari-on,plurali-oj,accusative plurali-ojn)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names)litero;a,bo,co,ĉo,do,e,fo,go,ĝo,ho,ĥo,i,jo,ĵo,ko,lo,mo,no,o,po,ro,so,ŝo,to,u,ŭo,vo,zo

Estonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈiː/

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Estonianalphabet,callediiand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)täht;Aa,Bb(Cc),Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp(Qq),Rr,Ss,Šš,Zz,Žž,Tt,Uu,Vv(Ww),Õõ,Ää,Öö,Üü(Xx,Yy)

Extremaduran

Conjunction

i

1. and

Fala

Alternative forms

• e,y

Etymology

FromOld Galician-Portuguesee.

Conjunction

i

1. and(expressing two elements to be taken together)

Quotations

For more quotations using this term, seeCitations:i.

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/
• Homophone:y

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The tenthletterof the Faroesealphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters)bókstavur;Aa,Áá,Bb,Dd,Ðð,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Íí,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Óó,Pp,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Úú,Vv,Yy,Ýý,Ææ,Øø

Noun

in(genitive singularis,plurali)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.

Declension

Declension ofi
n4	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	i	iið	i	iini
accusative	i	iið	i	iini
dative	i,ii	inum	ium	iunum
genitive	is	isins	ia	ianna

See also

• (Latin-script letter names)bókstavur;a/fyrra a,á,be,de,edd,e,eff,ge,há,i/fyrra i,í/fyrra í,jodd,ká,ell,emm,enn,o,ó,pe,err,ess,te,u,ú,ve,seinna i,seinna í,seinna a,ø

Finnish

Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. Seethe Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information,andifor information on the development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• Audio;“ii,Inari,liivi,ii”:

  (file)

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Finnishalphabet,callediiand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)kirjain;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss(Šš),Tt,Uu,Vv(Ww),Xx,Yy,Zz(Žž),Åå,Ää,Öö

Foi

Noun

i

1. eye
2. seventeen
3. twenty-one

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

im(pluralis)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.

Derived terms

• droit comme un i
• i grec
• mettre les points sur les i

Friulian

Friulian Definite Articles
	singular	plural
masculine	il l'	i
feminine	la l'	lis

Etymology

FromLatinilli.

Article

impl(singularil)

1. the

Pronoun

i(third person masculine/ feminine indirect object)

1. tohim
2. toher

See also

• la,lis
• lui,jê,lu,le

Fula

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. Aletterof the Fulaalphabet,written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties ofFula(Fulfulde/Pulaar/Pular).

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)karfeeje;',Aa,Bb,Mbmb,Ɓɓ,Cc,Dd,Ndnd,Ɗɗ,Ee,Ff,Gg,Ngng,Ɠɠ,Hh,Ii,Jj,Njnj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ŋŋ,Ññ,Ɲɲ,Oo,Pp,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Ww,Yy,Ƴƴ

Galician

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈi/

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Galicianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

Noun

im(pluralis)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• y

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[j]

Particle

i

1. an antihiatical particle that, due tosandhi,can precede a word which begins with a vowel sound after a word which ends with vowel sound; now rarely represented in written language
   • 1594,anonymous author,Entremés dos pastores:

     Ay Jan cata non te enfermes, nen sentencies con malicia, cata que ayalma perdes.

     Oh, Xan, watch out, don't get sick, nor sentence with meanness, watch out that your soul you're losing

Gothic

Romanization

i

1. Romanization of𐌹

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology 1

FromPortugueseele.

Pronoun

i

1. he,she(third person singular).

Etymology 2

FromPortuguesee.Cognate withSpanishy.

Conjunction

i

1. and

Haitian Creole

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Pronoun

i

1. (Okap)he,she,it

Hawaiian

Etymology

FromProto-Polynesian*i.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Particle

i

1. used to mark the following (noun or noun phrase) as a direct object

   Ua ʻai ka pōpokiika ʻiole.―The cat ate the mouse.

2. used to indicate past tense (precedes verb)

   Ihana au.―I worked.

3. used to indicate perfect participle (precedes verb)

   ihaʻalele―having left, who had left

Preposition

i

1. in,at
2. (indicating destination)to

See also

• iā

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions ofi– seeY( “he,him;she,her;it”). (This term is thepe̍h-ōe-jīform ofY).

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme):IPA: [ˈi]
• (letter name):IPA: [ˈi]

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The fifteenthletterof the Hungarianalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	i	i-k
accusative	i-t	i-ket
dative	i-nek	i-knek
instrumental	i-vel	i-kkel
causal-final	i-ért	i-kért
translative	i-vé	i-kké
terminative	i-ig	i-kig
essive-formal	i-ként	i-kként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	i-ben	i-kben
superessive	i-n	i-ken
adessive	i-nél	i-knél
illative	i-be	i-kbe
sublative	i-re	i-kre
allative	i-hez	i-khez
elative	i-ből	i-kből
delative	i-ről	i-kről
ablative	i-től	i-ktől
non-attributive possessive - singular	i-é	i-ké
non-attributive possessive - plural	i-éi	i-kéi

Possessive formsofi
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	i-m	i-im
2nd person sing.	i-d	i-id
3rd person sing.	i-je	i-i
1st person plural	i-nk	i-ink
2nd person plural	i-tek	i-itek
3rd person plural	i-jük	i-ik

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)betű;Aa,Áá,Bb,Cc,Cscs,Dd,Dzdz,Dzsdzs,Ee,Éé,Ff,Gg,Gygy,Hh,Ii,Íí,Jj,Kk,Ll,Lyly,Mm,Nn,Nyny,Oo,Óó,Öö,Őő,Pp,Rr,Ss,Szsz,Tt,Tyty,Uu,Úú,Üü,Űű,Vv,Zz,Zszs.Only in the extended alphabet:QqWwXxYy.Commonly used:ch.Also defined:àë.In surnames (selection):äaaczdseéeöewoeoóthtsÿ.

Further reading

• iinBárczi, GézaandLászló Országh.A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára(’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• (letter name)IPA^(key):/ɪː/

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The eleventhletterof the Icelandicalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)bókstafur;Aa,Áá,Bb,Dd,Ðð,Ee,Éé,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Íí,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Óó,Pp,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Úú,Vv,Xx,Yy,Ýý,Þþ,Ææ,Öö

Ido

Pronunciation

• (context pronunciation, letter name)IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Idoalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)litero;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,L,l,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Igbo

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The twelfthletterof the Igboalphabet,written in theLatin script.

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• ị(retracted tongue position)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Pronoun

i(dependent form, independent formgị)

1. (personal)you(singular)

   Kedụ kaimere?

   How areyou?

See also

Igbo personal pronouns

		dependent	independent	object/possesive
Singular	first	m,a/e-... -m	m,mụ
	second	ị,i	ngị,gị	gị
	third	ọ,o	ya
Plural	first	anyị
	second	ụnụ
	third	ha,a/e-... -ha	ha
Indefinite		a/e	-	-

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (letter name):IPA^(key):/i/
• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/i/,/ɪ/

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Indonesianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)huruf;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Ingrian

Etymology

Borrowed fromRussianи(i).

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa)IPA^(key):/ˈi/,[ˈi]
• (Soikkola)IPA^(key):/ˈi/,[ˈi]
• (Hevaha)IPA^(key):/ˈi/,[ˈi]
• Rhymes:-i
• Hyphenation:i

Conjunction

i

1. and

   Miä läkkään ižoraksisoomeks.―I speak IngrianandFinnish.

   • 1936,N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus,Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart,Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page19:

     Repoikana.

     A foxanda hen.

Synonyms

• ja,da

Particle

i

1. also,as well,too

   Mut, miä läkkääniviroks.―But, I speak Estonian,too.

   • 1885,“Sprachproben: Der goldene Vogel”, in Volmari Porkka, editor,Ueber den Ingrischen Dialekt mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen finnisch-ingermanländischen Dialekte:

     Mäni daiheittiis makkaamaa, ja makkais taas hoomuksee nasse.

     He went and threw himself to sleep,too,and he slept up till the morning again.

     (Note: The spelling has been normalised in accordance with the literary Ingrian language.)

   • 1936,V. I. Junus,Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[1],Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 3:

     Iƶorat laatiit kansan, kumpa keelen poolest kuuluu läns-fenniläisiin kansoin gruppaa ja sil viisiiiiƶoroin keeli kuuluu läns-fenniläisee keelisisteemaa.

     The Ingrians make up a people, that based on their language belongs to the group of Finnic peoples and as such the language of Ingriansalsobelongs to the Finnic language family.

Synonyms

• kera,tože,ja

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971)Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja,Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page86
• Arvo Laanest (1997)Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik,Eesti Keele Instituut, page44
• Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014)Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎^[2],→ISBN,page79

Irish

Alternative forms

• in(used before vowels in place ofeclipsis;also used beforebhur(“your”,pl),dhá(“two”),titles of books, films, and the like, and foreign words that resist mutation)

Etymology

FromOld Irishi,fromProto-Celtic*eni(compareWelshyn), fromProto-Indo-European*en(compareEnglishin,Latinin,Ancient Greekἐν(en)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ɪ/

Preposition

i(plus dative,triggerseclipsis,before the definite articles-,ins)

1. in

Inflection

Inflectionofi

Person	Normal	Emphatic
1st person sing.	ionam	ionamsa
2d person sing.	ionat	ionatsa
3d sing. masc.	ann	annsan
3d sing. fem.	inti	intise
1st person pl.	ionainn	ionainne
2d person pl.	ionaibh	ionaibhse
3d person pl.	iontu	iontusan

Derived terms

• i dtaisce
• i gceann
• i mborr le
• in ionad

Irish preposition contractions

Basic form	Contracted with							Copular forms
	an(“thesg”)	na(“thepl”)	mo(“my”)	do(“your”)	a(“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár(“our”)	ar(“which (past)”)	(before consonant)	(present/future before vowel)	(past/conditional before vowel)
de(“from”)	den	dena desna*	demo dem*	dedo ded*,det*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do(“to, for”)	don	dona dosna*	domo dom*	dodo dod*,dot*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi(“under, about”)	faoin	faoina	faoimo	faoido	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
i(“in”)	sa,san	sna	imo im*	ido id*,it*	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le(“with”)	leisan	leisna	lemo lem*	ledo led*,let*	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó(“from, since”)	ón	óna ósna*	ómo óm*	ódo ód*,ót*	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí(“through”)	trídan	trína	trímo	trído	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh
*Dialectal.

• See alsoCategory:Irish phrasal verbs formed with "i"

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	withh-prothesis	witht-prothesis
i	n-i	hi	not applicable
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall(1977) “i”,inFoclóir Gaeilge–Béarla,Dublin: An Gúm,→ISBN,retrieved16 June 2024

Italian

Etymology 1

Reduced form ofgli,from earlierli,fromLatinillī(nominative plural and dative singular ofille).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/
• Rhymes:-i
• Hyphenation:i

Article

Italian Definite Articles
	singular	plural
masculine	il lo/l'	i gli
feminine	la/l'	le

impl(singularil)

1. the

Usage notes

• iis used before masculine plural words beginning with a single consonant other thanxorz,or the plural noundei;gliis used before masculine plural words beginning with a vowel,x,z,gn,or multiple consonants includingpn,ps,ands+consonant, and before the plural noundei.

Derived terms

• dei

Etymology 2

FromLatinī(the name of the letterI).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈi/^*
• Rhymes:-i
• Hyphenation:ì

Letter

iform(invariable,lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Italianalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Noun

if(invariable)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.;i

Derived terms

• i lunga

See also

• (Latin-script letter names)lettera;a,bi,ci,di,e,effe,gi,acca,i,i lunga,kappa,elle,emme,enne,o,pi,cu,erre,esse,ti,u,vu,doppia vu,ics,ipsilon,zeta

Further reading

• iinLuciano Canepari,Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Italiot Greek

Etymology

FromAncient Greekἡ(hē).

Article

i

1. femininenominativesingularofo

Iu Mien

Etymology

FromProto-Hmong-Mien*ʔu̯i(“two”).Cognate withWhite HmongobandWestern Xiangxi Miao[Fenghuang]oub.

Numeral

i

1. two

Japanese

Romanization

i

1. Thehiraganasyllableい(i)or thekatakanasyllableイ(i)inHepburnromanization.

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

FromPortuguesee.

Conjunction

i

1. and

Kabyle

Etymology

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Preposition

i

1. to,for

Kankanaey

Etymology 1

BorrowedfromTagalogi.Letter pronunciation is influenced byEnglishi.

Pronunciation

• (letter name)IPA^(key):/ʔaj/[ʔai̯]
  • Rhymes:-aj
• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/ʔi/[ʔi̞]
  • Rhymes:-i
  • Syllabification:i

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Kankanaeyalphabet,calledayand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)letra;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ññ,Ngng,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Etymology 2

BorrowedfromEnglishee,the English name of the letterE/e.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Kankanaey)IPA^(key):/ʔi/[ʔi̞]
• Rhymes:-i
• Syllabification:i

Noun

i

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterE/e.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names)letra;ey,bi,si,di,i,ef,dyi,eyts,ay,dyey,key,el,em,en,enye,endyi,o,pi,kyu,ar,es,ti,yu,vi,dobolyu,eks,way,zi

Kashubian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈi/
• Rhymes:-i
• Syllabification:i

Etymology 1

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See theKashubian alphabetarticle on Wikipedia for more, andifor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The thirteenthletterof the Kashubianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ąą,Ãã,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Éé,Ëë,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Łł,Mm,Nn,Oo,Òò,Óó,Ôô,Pp,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Ùù,Ww,Yy,Zz,Żż

Etymology 2

InheritedfromProto-Slavic*i.

Conjunction

i

1. coordinating conjunction;and

Alternative forms

• ë

Further reading

• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “i”, inSłownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[3],volume 1, page515
• “i”,inInternetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka[Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby,2022

Ladin

Article

im(plural)

1. the

See also

• l
• la,l'
• les

Ladino

Etymology

FromOld Spanishéore,fromLatinet.

Conjunction

i(Latin spelling,Hebrew spellingאי)

1. and
2. too

Latgalian

Etymology

Shortened fromProto-Balto-Slavic*ir,fromProto-Indo-European*h₂r̥-(“thus”),preserved as such inLatvianirandLithuanianir.Not related toProto-Slavic*iand its descendants.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[ˈi]
• Hyphenation:i

Conjunction

i

1. and

Particle

i

1. too,also

References

• Nicole Nau (2011)A short grammar of Latgalian,München: LINCOM GmbH,→ISBN

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin)IPA^(key):/iː/,[iː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key):/i/,[iː]

Etymology 1

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Noun

īf(indeclinable)

1. The name of the letterI.

Coordinate terms

• (Latin-script letter names)littera;ā,bē,cē,dē,ē,ef,gē,hā/*acca,ī,kā,el,em,en,ō,pē,kū,er,es,tē,ū,ix/īx/ex,ȳ/ī graeca/ȳpsīlon,zēta

References

• iin Charles du Fresne du Cange’sGlossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis(augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• iinHarry Thurston Peck, editor (1898),Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities,New York: Harper & Brothers
• Arthur E. Gordon,The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet(University of California Press,1973; volume 9 ofUniversity of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Etymology 2

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Verb

ī

1. go!walk!;second-personsingularactiveimperativeofeō

   Iintro iam nunc.―Now then,goin.

Latvian

I

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed byK. Mīlenbahs,which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in GermanFraktur,and sporadically inCyrillic.

Pronunciation 1

• IPA: [i]

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The thirteenthletterof the Latvianalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latvian letters)latviešu burti;Aa,Āā,Bb,Cc,Čč,Dd,Ee,Ēē,Ff,Gg,Ģģ,Hh,Ii,Īī,Jj,Kk,Ķķ,Ll,Ļļ,Mm,Nn,Ņņ,Oo,Pp,Rr,Ss,Šš,Tt,Uu,Ūū,Vv,Zz,Žž

Pronunciation 2

• IPA: [i]

Noun

im(invariable)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.

See also

• (Latvian letter names)latviešu burtu vārdi;a,garais ā,bē,cē,čē,dē,e,garais ē,ef,gā,ģē,hā,i,garais ī,jē,kā,ķē,el,eļ,em,en,eņ,o,pē,er,es,eš,tē,u,garais ū,vē,zē,žē

Liangmai Naga

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Pronoun

i(dualanai,pluralaliu)

1. I

Ligurian

Ligurian Definite Articles
	singular	plural
masculine	o	i
feminine	a	e

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Article

impl(singularo)

1. the

Lithuanian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/ɪ/

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The thirteenthletterof the Lithuanianalphabet,calledi trumpojiand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ąą,Bb,Cc,Čč,Dd,Ee,Ęę,Ėė,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Įį,Yy,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Rr,Ss,Šš,Tt,Uu,Ųų,Ūū,Vv,Yy,Zz,Žž

Livonian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA: /i/

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The thirteenthletterof the Livonianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

Lower Grand Valley Dani

Pronunciation

• IPA:IPA^(key):/i/

Noun

i

1. water

References

• H. Myron Bromley,A Grammar of Lower Grand Valley Dani(1981)
• H. Myron Bromley,The Phonology of Lower Grand Valley Dani(2013)
• The Papuan Languages of New Guinea(1986,→ISBN

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The thirteenthletterof the Lower Sorbianalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.
2. The name of theLatin-scriptletteri/I.

Conjunction

i

1. (archaic)and

Interjection

i!

1. ew!,ick!

See also

• SeeTemplate:list:Latin script letters/dsb.
• SeeTemplate:list:Latin script letter names/dsb.

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt(1921, 1928) “i”,inSłownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow(in German), St. Petersburg, Prague:ОРЯС РАН,ČAVU;Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag,2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999) “i”,inDolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch(in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Lule Sami

Verb

i

1. second-personsingularpresentofij

Lushootseed

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/i/,/eɪ/

Letter

i

1. The fifteenthletterof theLushootseedalphabet, pronounced as a non-low front unrounded vowel.

Makasar

Article

i(Lontara spellingᨕᨗ)

1. article for personal names and pronouns

Malay

Letter

i

1. The ninthletterof the Malayalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Maltese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ɪ/(short phoneme)
• IPA^(key):/iː/(long phoneme)
• IPA^(key):/ɪː/(long phoneme before the lettersgħ,ħ,h,q;merges withie)
• IPA^(key):/ɛj/,/aj/(aftergħ;variation is regional and idiolectal)

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The twelfthletterof the Maltesealphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)ittra;Aa,Bb,Ċċ,Dd,Ee,Ff,Ġġ,Gg,Għgħ,Hh,Ħħ,Ii,Ieie,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Żż,Zz

Mandinka

Pronoun

i

1. you(personal pronoun)

   asibusa―he/she struckyou.

See also

Mandinka personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		nte,n,m	ntolu,ntelu,n
2nd person		ite,i	altolu,altelu,al
3rd person		ate,a	itolu,itelu,y

Maori

Etymology

FromProto-Polynesian*i.

Particle

i

1. from
2. past-tense verbal particle
3. particle indicating the direct object of a transitive sentence
4. past-tense particle indicating location

Middle English

Etymology 1

Preposition

i

1. Alternative form ofin(“in”)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

i

1. Alternative form ofI(“I”)

Etymology 3

Pronoun

i

1. Alternative form ofhe(“they”)

Middle Low German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/

Pronoun

im

1. Alternative form ofgî.

Mirandese

Etymology

FromLatinet.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Conjunction

i

1. and

Mòcheno

Etymology

FromMiddle High Germanich,fromOld High Germanih,fromProto-West Germanic*ik,fromProto-Germanic*ek.Cognate withGermanich,EnglishI.

Pronoun

i(dativemer)

1. I

Inflection

Personal pronouns
	singular	plural
1st person	i	biar
2nd person	du	ir
3rd person	er,si,s	sei

References

• “i” inCimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples.2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Mondé

Noun

i

1. water

References

• Čestmír Loukotka,Documents et vocabulaires inédits de langues et de dialectes Sud Américains,JSAP52: 7-60 (1963), page 44

Murui Huitoto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[ˈi]
• Hyphenation:i

Root

i

1. this,that(anaphoric, aspecific)

Derived terms

• iaɨmaiaɨ

References

• Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017)A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.‎^[4],Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page161

Navajo

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The thirteenthletterof the Navajoalphabet,written in theLatin script:

   i =/ɪ˨/

   į =/ɪ̃˨/

   í =/ɪ˥/

   į́ =/ɪ̃˥/

   ii =/iː˨˨/

   įį =/ĩː˨˨/

   íi =/iː˥˨/

   į́į =/ĩː˥˨/

   ií =/iː˨˥/

   įį́ =/ĩː˨˥/

   íí =/iː˥˥/

   į́į́ =/ĩː˥˥/

Neapolitan

Etymology 1

Verb

i

1. Alternative spelling ofire(“togo”)

Etymology 2

FromLatinego.

Alternative forms

• ije

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[iː]

Pronoun

i

1. I:the first-person singular nominative personal pronoun.

Nheengatu

Etymology

FromOld Tupii.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[i]

• Hyphenation:i
• Rhymes:-i

Pronoun

i

1. (second-class)third-person singular personal pronoun (he,him,his,she,her,it,its)

   Iakanhemu uikú nhaãséikirá uikú.

   Heis scared becauseheis fat.

   Indé reputari repitáiirũmu.

   You want to stay withhim.

   Indé remeẽ manungaraixupé.

   You give something tohim.

   Imanha uwiké uka pisasú upé.

   Hismother enters the new house.

Usage notes

• As a second-class pronoun,iis used as the subject of a sentence when its verb is a second-class one (those verbs are sometimes referred to as adjectives). The personal pronouniis also used when governed by any postposition with the exception ofarama.Unlike other second-class pronouns,iis used when governed by the postpositionsupé.Finally,iis used as a possessive pronoun as well.

See also

Nheengatu personal pronouns

singular	first-class pronoun	second-class pronoun
first-person	ixé	se
second-person	indé	ne
third-person	aé	i
plural	first-class pronoun	second-class pronoun
first-person	yandé	yané
second-person	penhẽ	pe
third-person	aintá(ortá)	aintá(ortá)

References

• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro(2016)Curso de língua geral (nheengatu ou tupi moderno): a língua das origens da civilização amazônica‎^[5](in Portuguese), 2nd edition, São Paulo: Páginas & Letras,→ISBN,pages11 and 104
• Marcel Twardowsky Avila (2021) “i”, inProposta de dicionário nheengatu-português[Nheengatu–Portuguese dictionary proposal] (in Portuguese), São Paulo: USP,→DOI,page311

North Frisian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[ə](reduced vowel)
• IPA^(key):[ɪ](short full vowel)
• IPA^(key):[iː](long vowel, speltii)

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. Aletterof the North Frisianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

• The reduced vowel is mostly represented by ⟨e⟩. The alternative use of ⟨i⟩ is restricted to the insular dialects:
  • In Föhr-Amrum Frisian, it only occurs when the suffix-nis added to a word whose basic form ends in-e.For example,fraaginis infinitive II offraage(“to ask”),distinguished fromfraagen,the plural offraag(“question”).
  • In Sylt Frisian, any word-final[ə]is spelt ⟨i⟩. It remains before inflectional-nor-s,but changes to ⟨e⟩ before other suffixes. For example,fraagi→fraagin,butdüfraagest.Moreover, ⟨i⟩ occurs in the prefixbi-and word-internally in adapted borrowings (ginaufrom German,Janiwaarifrom Latin).

See also

• (North Frisian letters):a,ä,å,ā,b,c,d,đ,e,ē,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,ö,p,r,s,t,u,ü,v,w(q,x,y,z)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Sylt)IPA^(key):[ɪ]

Pronoun

i(Sylt)

1. you,you all(second-person plural personal pronoun)

Alternative forms

• jam(Föhr-Amrum,Mooring)

See also

Personal and possessive pronouns (Syltdialect)

		personal				possessive
		subject case		object case		singular referent	plural referent
		full	reduced	full	reduced		attributive	independent
singular	1st	ik	'k	mi		min		minen
	2nd	dü	–	di		din		dinen
	3rd m.	hi	'r	höm	'n	sin		sinen
	3rd f.	jü	's	höör	's	höör		höören
	3rd n.	hat	et,'t	höm	et,'t	sin		sinen
dual	1st	wat		unk				unken
	2nd	at		junk				junken
	3rd	jat		jam	's	jaar		jaaren
plural	1st	wü		üüs				üüsen
	2nd	i		juu				juuen
	3rd	ja	's	jam	's	jaar		jaaren
notes		The reduced forms with an apostrophe areenclitic;they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions.Düis deleted altogether in such contexts.Etis not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject formhatis now rarely used. Inreflexiveuse, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

FromOld Norseí(“in”),fromProto-Germanic*in(“in, into”),fromProto-Indo-European*én(“in”).

Pronunciation

• (letter name):IPA^(key):/iː/
• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/iː/,/i/,/ɪ/

Letter

i

1. The ninthletterof the Norwegian Bokmålalphabet,written in theLatin script.

Preposition

i

1. (location)in,inside of

   Liggeisengen―Layinginbed

   Oppeifjellene―Upinthe mountains

2. (duration of time)for,in,during

   Møtet varte (i) to timer―The meeting lasted two hours(literally, “The meeting wentduringtwo hours”)

   Han var utenlandsimange år―He lived abroad for many years

   Ihøst,ivår,idag,igår―Inautumn,inspring, today, yesterday

3. (condition, state)in

   Væreifred―To beinpeace

   Væreigod form―To beinshape (physically fit)

   Leveifattigdom―To liveinpoverty

4. (means, method)in

   Betaleigull―To payingold.

   Gjøre noeiall hast―To do something urgently(literally, “To do somethinginall haste”)

   ihemmelighet―insecret

5. pertainingto, inreferenceto

   Ideg har jeg en sann venn.―Inyou I have a true friend.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

FromOld Norseí,fromProto-Germanic*in(“in, into”).Akin toEnglishin.

Preposition

i

1. (location)in,inside of

   No er meiNoreg.―We are currentlyinNorway.

2. (duration of time)for,in,during
3. (condition, state)in
4. (means, method)in
5. pertainingto, inreferenceto

Derived terms

• i dag
• i eino
• i fjor
• i forfjor
• i går
• i hel
• i hende
• i lag
• i land
• i live
• i morgon
• i mutom
• i ny og ne
• i tide
• i vente
• i år
• iallfall
• ifrå
• igjennom
• imellom
• inni
• uti

Adverb

i

1. Used together with certain verbs.

Etymology 2

FromLatini,minusculeofI.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/

Letter

i(upper caseI,definite singulari-en,indefinite plurali-ar,definite plurali-ane)

1. The ninthletterof the Norwegianalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Derived terms

• i-land
• i-mål
• prikken over i-en

Etymology 3

Pronoun

i(objectiveme,possessivemin)

1. (dialectal)alternativeletter-caseform ofI;alternative form ofeg(“I”)

Etymology 4

FromOld Norseér,ír,fromProto-Germanic*jūz.Possibly viaDanishI.Compare withde.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/

Pronoun

i(objectivejærorærorør,possessivejærsorærsorørs)

1. (obsolete,dialectal,polite)you(second person singular)
   • 1853,Ivar Aasen,Prøver af Landsmaalet i Norge(overall work in Danish), Christiania: Carl C. Werner & Co., page 2:

     men æg undras paa, atisku kjenn' mæg; æg trur aller, at æg kjenneør;æg tyks aller ha settørfør.

     Though I wonder howyouwould know me. I don't think I knowyou.I don't think I've ever seenyoubefore.

References

• “i”inThe Nynorsk Dictionary.
• Torp, Alf(1919) “I”, inNynorsk etymologisk ordbok(in Norwegian Nynorsk), Kristiania: Aschehoug, page240
• Ivar Aasen(1850) “i”, inOrdbog over det norske Folkesprog‎^[6](in Danish), Oslo:Samlaget,published2000

Anagrams

• I,i-

Nupe

Pronunciation

• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/i/,(after /n/ or /m/)/ĩ/

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The eleventhletterof the Nupealphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)banki;Aa(Áá,Àà),Bb,Cc,Dd,Dzdz,Ee(Éé,Èè),Ff,Gg,Gbgb,Hh,Ii(Íí,Ìì),Jj,Kk,Kpkp,Ll,Mm(Ḿḿ,M̀m̀,M̄m̄),Nn(Ńń,Ǹǹ,N̄n̄),Oo(Óó,Òò),Pp,Rr,Ss,Shsh,Tt,Tsts,Uu(Úú,Ùù),Vv,Ww,Yy,Zz,Zhzh

Occitan

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

if(pluralis)

1. i(the letter i, I)

Derived terms

• i grèga

Old French

Etymology

FromLatinhīc.

Adverb

i

1. there
   • c.1155,Wace,Le Roman de Brut:

     Et grant compagnieia d'omes

     And there is a large company of men

Descendants

• French:y

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• hí,hi

Etymology

FromProto-Celtic*en(compareWelshyn), fromProto-Indo-European*h₁én(compareEnglishin,Latinin,Ancient Greekἐν(en)).

The third-person singular masculine and neuter inflected dative formandisnotderived from a contraction with a pronoun. Instead, it was originally an adverb with an independent etymology. See its page for its etymology.

Preposition

i(triggers eclipsis)

2. in[withdative]
4. into[withaccusative]
6. in regard to,as to[withdative]
8. as[withaccusative]

For quotations using this term, seeCitations:i.

Inflection

Inflection ofi

Person	Normal	Emphatic
1st person sing.	indium(m)	indiumsa
2d person sing.	indiut	indiuts(i)u
3d sing. masc./neut., dative	and	andsom
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative	ind	indsom
3d sing. fem., dative	indi
3d sing. fem., accusative	inte	intesi
1st person pl.	indiunn	indiunni
2d person pl.	indib	indibsi
3d person pl., dative	indib	indibsom,indibsem
3d person pl., accusative	intiu

Combinations with the definite article:

• isin(accusative masculine/feminine singular)
• issa(accusative neuter singular)
• isin(d)(dative singular)
• isna(accusative plural)
• isnaib(dative plural)

Combinations with possessive determiners:

• im(“in my”)(1st person singular)
• inna,na(“in his/her/its/their”)(3rd person)

The formiis unchanged in combination with a relative pronoun.

Descendants

• Irish:i
• Scottish Gaelic:an
• Manx:ayns

Further reading

• Thurneysen, Rudolf(1940, reprinted 2017)D. A. BinchyandOsborn Bergin,transl.,A Grammar of Old Irish,Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies,→ISBN,§ 842,pages518–22

Old Occitan

Etymology

FromLatinhīc.

Adverb

i

1. there
   • 12th century,Bernard de Ventadour —Anc no gardei sazo ni mes

     E las melhors domnasison!

     And the best women are there!

Descendants

• Occitan:i

Old Polish

Alternative forms

• hi

Etymology

InheritedfromProto-Slavic*i.First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):(10^th–15^thCE)/i/
• IPA^(key):(15^thCE)/i/

Conjunction

i

1. and(cumulative coordinating conjunction)

Descendants

• Polish:i
• Silesian:i

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur,Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “i, hi”,inSłownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego[Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków:IJP PAN,→ISBN

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

• î(after vowels)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):(atonic)/i/
• Rhymes:-i
• Hyphenation:i

Pronoun

i(2nd class,3rd person singular and plural,1st class equivalenta'e)

1. he,she,they,it
2. him,her,them
3. his,her,their,its
4. (dummy pronoun)it

   Gûyráiporang

   The bird is beautiful

   (literally, “birditbeautiful”)

   Aîkutuk

   I pokedit

Descendants

• Nheengatu:i

See also

Old Tupi personal pronouns

Person	Number	Nominative／Accusative			Possessive		Dative		Objective
		Subject	1st class	2nd class	Nonreflexive	Reflexive	1st class	2nd class
Singular	1st		ixé	xe			ixébe／ixébo	xebe／xebo
	2nd	îepé	endé	nde			endébe／endébo	ndebe／ndebo	oro-
Singular and Plural	3rd		a'e	i		o	i xupé
Plural	1st exc		oré				orébe／orébo
	1st inc		îandé				îandébe／îandébo
	2nd	peîepé	peẽ	pe			peẽme／peẽmo		opo-
	Indefinite		asé				asébe／asébo

References

• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro(2005)Método Moderno de Tupi Antigo: a língua do Brasil dos primeiros séculos[Modern method of Old Tupi: the language of Brazil's early centuries]‎^[7](in Portuguese), 3 edition, São Paulo: Global Editora,→ISBN
• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro(2013) “i”,inDicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil[Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global,→ISBN,page149,column 1

Paicî

Etymology

FromProto-Oceanic*kutu,fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*kutu,fromProto-Austronesian*kuCu.

Noun

i

1. louse

References

• Jim Hollyman, K. J. Hollyman,Études sur les langues du Nord de la Nouvelle-Calédonie,page 52,1999

Papiamentu

Alternative forms

• y(alternative spelling)

Etymology

FromSpanishyandPortugueseeandKabuverdianui.

Conjunction

i

1. and

Pijin

Particle

i

1. Separates thesubjectof a sentence from thepredicate,used when the subject is apronounor anoun

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈi/

• (Middle Polish)IPA^(key):/ˈi/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Audio 3:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-i
• Syllabification:i
• Homophones:-i,-i-

Etymology 1

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See thehistory of Polish orthographyarticle on Wikipedia for more, andifor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The twelfthletterof the Polishalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ąą,Bb,Cc,Ćć,Dd,Ee,Ęę,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Łł,Mm,Nn,Ńń,Oo,Óó,Pp,Rr,Ss,Śś,Tt,Uu,Ww,Yy,Zz,Źź,Żż

Etymology 2

InheritedfromOld Polishi.

Conjunction

i

1. and

   AdamiEwa tylko zjedli jabłko.―AdamandEve only ate an apple.

   Patrzę na niąioczom nie wierzę.―I look at herandcan't believe my eyes.

2. even

   Wychodzącikaloryfer nam naprawił.―Leaving heevenrepaired our radiator.

   Iślepa wiewiórka czasem znajdzie orzech.―Evena blind squirrel finds an acorn sometimes.

   Ja krowy toiw telewizji nigdy nie widziałem.―I never saw a cow,evenon TV.

3. also,too

   Imnie się podoba wasz wybór.―I like your choicetoo.

   Czyimy?―Wetoo?

4. so,so that

   Zmęczyłem sięinie byłem już w stanie grać w koszykówkę.―I grew tired,soI couldn't play basketball anymore.

   Byłeś głupi,icierp teraz.―You were a fool,sonow suffer.

5. (i...i)as well as

   Polsce potrzebne sąiarmia,iflota.―Poland needs an armyas well asa navy.

6. emphasizing particle

   Idobrze.―Fine.

Derived terms

noun

• (possibly)bajbardzo

Trivia

According toSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej(1990),iis one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 2473 times in scientific texts, 2409 times in news, 3061 times in essays, 2636 times in fiction, and 1806 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 12385 times, making it the 2nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Further reading

• iinWielki słownik języka polskiego,Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• iin Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “i”,inSłownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku[A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “i”,inSłownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku[A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “I”,inElektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku[Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century],16.09.2009
• Samuel Bogumił Linde(1807–1814) “i”,inSłownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz(1861) “i”,inSłownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz,A. Kryński,W. Niedźwiedzki,editors (1900), “i”,inSłownik języka polskiego(in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page71

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil)IPA^(key):/ˈi/

• (Portugal)IPA^(key):/ˈi/

• Hyphenation:i

• Audio(Brazil):

  (file)

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Portuguesealphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)letra;Aa(Áá,Àà,Ââ,Ãã),Bb,Cc(Çç),Dd,Ee(Éé,Êê),Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii(Íí),Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo(Óó,Ôô,Õõ),Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu(Úú),Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Noun

im(pluralis)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.

Rapa Nui

Etymology

FromProto-Polynesian*i.

Particle

i

1. relational particlethat marks the object of a verb

Usage notes

Used in all cases except with verbs of sensing; in which case, usee.

Preposition

i

1. at
2. in

Romani

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Etymology 1

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. (International Standard)The twelfthletterof the Romanialphabet,written in theLatin script.
2. (Pan-Vlax)The thirteenthletterof the Romanialphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Xx,Ii,Jj,Kk,Khkh,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Phph,Rr,Ss,Tt,Thth,Uu,Vv,ZzInternational Standard:(Àà,Ää,Ǎǎ),Ćć,Ćhćh,(Èè,Ëë,Ěě), (Ìì,Ïï,Ǐǐ), (Òò,Öö,Ǒǒ),Rrrr,Śś,(Ùù,Üü,Ǔǔ),Źź,Ʒʒ,Qq,Çç,ϴθ.Pan-Vlax:Čč,Čhčh,Dždž,(Dźdź),Řř,Šš,(Śś),Žž,(Źź).

Etymology 2

Article

ifsg(masculine singularo,plurale)

1. the;feminine singular definite article

   i Sperànca―Speranza

   i Rumùnia―Romania

Usage notes

• The definite article is used with proper nouns (given names and place names) as well.

Declension

The definite article

number and gender	msg	fsg	pl
nominative	o	i	e
oblique	e

Romanian

Etymology 1

SeeTranslingual section.

Pronunciation

• IPA:IPA^(key):/i/,/j/,/ʲ/

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The eleventhletterof the Romanianalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

SeeIfor notes on pronunciation.

See also

• (Latin script letters)Aa,Ăă,Ââ,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Îî,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Șș,Tt,Țț,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Etymology 2

FromOld Church Slavonicи(i).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Conjunction

i

1. (obsolete)and

   Synonym:și

Usage notes

Mostly used in the context ofiproci(and so on...)

Samoan

Etymology

FromProto-Polynesian*i.

Particle

i

1. used to mark the following (noun or noun phrase) as a direct object

Preposition

i

1. (indicating destination)to

Sardinian

Etymology

FromLatinhīc(“here”).

Pronoun

i(adverbial)

1. there(at a place)
2. there,thither(to there)

   Synonyms:bi,nche

Sassarese

Etymology 1

FromLatinī(the name of the letterI).

Noun

if(invariable)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.;i

Etymology 2

Apocopic form ofin.

Preposition

i

1. Alternative form ofi'
   • 1989,Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Un cuntaddu [A tale]”, inLa poesia di l'althri[The poetry of others], Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page47:

     Di la ziddài natibailu so’ cori
     diricaddu una mamma s’ammintaba
     ch’era verdhi e fiuridda che giardhinu.

     About the native town,inher delicate heart, a mother remembered it was as green and full of flowers as a garden.

Sathmar Swabian

Pronoun

i

1. I

References

• Claus Stephani,Volksgut der Sathmarschwaben(1985)

Savi

Noun

i

1. water

References

• Decker, Kendall D. (1992) Clare F. O’Leary, editor,Languages of Chitral(Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan; 5)‎^[8],Islamabad: National Institute of Pakistani Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, page185,Summer Institute of Linguistics
• Knobloch, Nina (2020)A grammar sketch of Sauji: An Indo-Aryan language of Afghanistan‎^[9],Stockholm: Stockholm University, page49

Scots

Etymology

FromMiddle Englishi,variant ofin(“in”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ɪ/

Preposition

i

1. in

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology 1

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Scottish Gaelicalphabet,written in theLatin script.It is preceded byhand followed byl.Its traditional name isiodh(“yew”).

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)litir;Aa(Àà),Bb(Bhbh),Cc(Chch),Dd(Dhdh),Ee(Èè),Ff(Fhfh),Gg(Ghgh),Hh,Ii(Ìì),Ll,Mm(Mhmh),Nn,Oo(Òò),Pp(Phph),Rr,Ss(Shsh),Tt(Thth),Uu(Ùù)
• (diacritics)◌̀
• (obsolete vowels)ÁáÉéÓó

Etymology 2

FromOld Irishsí.Cognates includeIrishsíandManxee.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/,/iː/

Pronoun

i(emphaticise)

1. third-person feminine pronoun;she,her,it

See also

Scottish Gaelic personal pronouns

	simple		emphatic
	singular	plural	singular	plural
First person	mi	sinn	mise	sinne
Second person	thu,tu1)	sibh	thusa,tusa1)	sibhse
Third personm	e	iad	esan	iadsan
Third personf	i		ise
*)sibhandsibhsealso act as the polite singular pronouns. **)To mark a direct object of a verbal noun, the derivatives ofgamare used. 1)used when following a verb ending in-n,-sor-dh.

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

SeeTranslingual section.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

i(Cyrillic spellingи)

1. The thirteenthletterof the Serbo-Croatianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

Etymology 2

FromProto-Slavic*i.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

• Audio:

  (file)

Conjunction

i(Cyrillic spellingи)

1. and

   Ivica i Marica se vole―Ivica and Marica love each other.

   i tako dalje―and so on

2. (i… i…)both…and…

   ne možeš istovremeno i tužiti i suditi.―you can't simultaneously both sue and judge

3. also,too,as well

   i meni se sviđa vaš odabir―I like your choice too

4. even(usually preceded byčȁk)

   (čak) i ja sam pozvan na zabavu!―even I have been invited to the party

5. (nesȁmo…nȅgo/vȅći…)also,too

   on je ne samo darovit, nego i jako marljiv―he is not only talented, but also very industrious

6. so,sothat(=te,pa)

   umorio sam se i nisam mogao više igrati košarku―I grew tired, so I couldn't play basketball anymore

Sicilian

Etymology 1

FromLatinī(the name of the letterI).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Noun

if

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.;i

Derived terms

• i greca
• i longa

Etymology 2

From the lenition ofli,from the conflation of the apheresis ofLatinillīandillae,both nominative plurals ofille.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/(stressed)
• IPA^(key):/ɪ/(unstressed)

Article

implorfpl

1. (masculine and feminine plural definite article)the

   Synonym:li

Usage notes

• As for other Romance languages, such as Neapolitan or Portuguese, Sicilian definite articles have undergone a consonant lenition that has led to the phonetic fall of the initiall.The use of this illiquid variant has not yet made the use of liquid variants disappear, but today it is still the prevalent use in speech and writing.
• In the case of the production of literary texts, such as singing or poetry, or of formal and institutional texts, resorting to "liquid articles" and "liquid articulated prepositions" confers greater euphony to the text, although it may sound a form of courtly recovery.
• Illiquid definite articles can be phonetically absorbed by the following noun. I.e:l'arancini(liquid) andârancini(illiquid).

Inflection

Sicilianarticles
	Masculine singular definite article	Feminine singular definite article	Masculine and feminine plural definite article
Definite articles(liquid)	lu	la	li
Definite articles(illiquid)	u	a	i
Definite articles	nu (also:un,'n)	na

Etymology 3

From the lenition ofli,from the conflation of the apheresis ofLatinillīandillae,both nominative plurals ofille.

Alternative forms

• li(liquid form)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/(stressed)
• IPA^(key):/ɪ/(unstressed)

Pronoun

implorfpl

1. (accusative)them

   Synonym:li

   Icanusci?―Do you knowthem?

2. (accusative)it,thisorthatthing

   Synonym:li

   Quannutîdesi.―When I gavethemto you.

Usage notes

• This pronoun can blend in contracted forms with other particles, especially other personal pronominal particles.

Inflection

Sicilianpronominal particles
	Masculine singular pronominal particles	Feminine singular pronominal particles	Masculine and feminine plural pronominal particles
mi	mû	mâ	mî
ti	tû	tâ	tî
ci	ci u	ci a	cî
ni	nû	nâ	nî
vi	vû	vâ	vî
ci	ci u	ci a	cî

Silesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈi/
• Rhymes:-i
• Syllabification:i

Etymology 1

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See theSilesian languagearticle on Wikipedia for more, andifor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

i(lower case,upper casei)

1. The eleventhletterof the Silesianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ãã,Bb,Cc,Ćć,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Łł,Mm,Nn,Ńń,Oo,Ǒǒ,Ōō,Ôô,Õõ,Pp,Rr,Ss,Śś,Tt,Uu,Ww,Yy,Zz,Źź,Żż

Etymology 2

InheritedfromOld Polishi.

Conjunction

i

1. coordinating conjunction;and

   Synonym:a

Further reading

• iin silling.org

Silimo

Noun

i

1. water

References

• Cornelis L. Voorhoeve,Languages of Irian Jaya Checklist(1975, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics),page 105

Sirionó

Noun

i

1. water

References

• Phonemes of the Siriono Language
• A Flip-Flop in Siriono

Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/i/,/j/

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The sixteenthletterof the Skolt Samialphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)bukva;Aa,Ââ,Bb,Cc,Čč,Ʒʒ,Ǯǯ,Dd,Đđ,Ee,Ff,Gg,Ǧǧ,Ǥǥ,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ǩǩ,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ŋŋ,Oo,Õõ,Pp,Rr,Ss,Šš,Tt,Uu,Vv,Zz,Žž,Åå,Ää,ʹ

Slovak

Etymology

FromProto-Slavic*i.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈi/

Conjunction

i

1. and
2. as well as

Derived terms

• i keď

Further reading

• “i”,inSlovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV[Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak),https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk,2024

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Gaj's Latin alphabeti,fromCzechalphabeti,from Latini,lower case variation ofIfrom theEtruscanletter𐌉(i,“i”),from theAncient GreekletterΙ(I,“iota”),derived from thePhoenicianletter𐤉(y,“yod”),from theEgyptianhieroglyph𓂝.

Pronunciation

(phoneme)Pronunciation of i

•(Standard Slovene, tonal)IPA(key):/ˈíː/,/ˈìː/,/ˈî/,/i/,[ˈɪ́ː],[ˈɪ̀ː],[ˈɪ̂],[ˈîː],[ˈǐː],[ˈɪ̂ː],[ˈɪ̌ː],SNPT:/ī/,/ȉ/,/i/ •(Standard Slovene, non-tonal)IPA(key):/ˈiː/,/ˈi/,/i/,[ˈɪː],[ˈɪ],SNPT:/í/,/ì/,/i/

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

(letter name)Pronunciation of i (ī)

•(Standard Slovene, tonal)IPA(key):[ˈîː],[ˈǐː],SNPT:[ī] •(Standard Slovene, non-tonal)IPA(key):[ˈiː],SNPT:[í], Audio: (file)

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The tenthletterof the Slovenealphabet,written in theLatin script.
2. The fifteenthletterof the Slovenealphabet(Resian), written in theLatin script.
3. The eleventhletterof the Slovenealphabet(Natisone Valley dialect), written in theLatin script.

Symbol

i

1. (SNPT)Phonetictranscriptionof sound[i].

Noun

īminan

1. The name of theLatin scriptletterI/i.
2. (linguistics)The name of thephoneme/i/.

Inflection

• Overall more common

First masculine declension (soft o-stem, inanimate), fixed accent, -j- infix
nom. sing.	i
gen. sing.	i-ja
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	i	i-ja	i-ji
genitive rodȋlnik	i-ja	i-jev	i-jev
dative dajȃlnik	i-ju,i-ji	i-jema	i-jem
accusative tožȋlnik	i	i-ja	i-je
locative mẹ̑stnik	i-ju,i-ji	i-jih	i-jih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	i-jem	i-jema	i-ji
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	i	i-ja	i-ji

• More common when with a definite adjective

Third masculine declension (no endings), fixed accent
nom. sing.	i
gen. sing.	i
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	i	i	i
genitive rodȋlnik	i	i	i
dative dajȃlnik	i	i	i
accusative tožȋlnik	i	i	i
locative mẹ̑stnik	i	i	i
instrumental orọ̑dnik	i	i	i
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	i	i	i

• Dialectal, in common written language used till 19th century

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate), -j- infix
nom. sing.	i
gen. sing.	i-ja
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	i	i-ja	i-ji
genitive rodȋlnik	i-ja	i-jov	i-jov
dative dajȃlnik	i-ju,i-ji	i-joma	i-jom
accusative tožȋlnik	i	i-ja	i-je
locative mẹ̑stnik	i-ju,i-ji	i-jih	i-jih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	i-jom	i-joma	i-ji
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	i	i-ja	i-ji

Derived terms

• dolgi i
• ì
• ȋ
• ī
• ȉ
• í
• ï
• kratki i
• ɨ

Etymology 2

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Pronunciation of í (ȋ)

•(Standard Slovene, tonal)IPA(key):[ˈîː],SNPT:[ȋ] •(Standard Slovene, non-tonal)IPA(key):[ˈiː],SNPT:[í], Audio: (file)

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

Interjection

i

1. used to denote happiness after correct assumption

   Synonyms:a,aha,e,oho,olala

   I,pa si le lagal.

   Ha,you were lying after all.

Etymology 3

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Pronunciation of ì (ȉ)

•(Standard Slovene, tonal)IPA(key):[ˈî],SNPT:[ȉ] •(Standard Slovene, non-tonal)IPA(key):[ˈi],SNPT:[ì]

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

Interjection

i

1. (archaic)used to denote unhappiness or unpleasant surprise

   Synonyms:ah,uh

2. (archaic)used to denote that speaker is indifferent to the topic

   Synonyms:eh,e,o

   Ija, saj ti verjamem.

   Whatever,I believe you.

Etymology 4

Derived fromProto-Slavic*i(“and”),itself fromProto-Indo-European*éy,an early locative singular determiner, formed from the root*h₁e-,*h₁o-.Cognates withSerbo-Croatiani,Macedonianи(i),Bulgarianи(i),Old Church Slavonicи(i),Czechi,Polishi,Kashubianë,Slovaki,Belarusianі(i),Belarusianй(j),Carpathian Rusynй(j),Ukrainianі(i),Ukrainianй(j),andRussianи(i).

Pronunciation

Pronunciation of i, ì (ȉ)

•(Standard Slovene, tonal)IPA(key):[i],[ˈî],SNPT:[i],[ȉ] •(Standard Slovene, non-tonal)IPA(key):[i],[ˈi],SNPT:[i],[ì]

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

Conjunction

i

1. (obsolete)and

   Synonyms:in,ino,no,ter,pa

Usage notes

Use ofias a conjunction in Slovene is obsolete and not well-known, so most nowadays speakers usually relate it with other Slavic languages rather than with old Slovene. Nowadays, its derivative,inis used, which is etymologically speaking a stressed variant, but has since lost the initial difference.

As opposed toin,ican be pronounced as stressed or unstressed form in all contexts (but if taken out of context, only the stressed version is allowed) whereasinis stressed only if taken out of context.

Derived terms

• in
• ino
• itak

Etymology 5

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(usually)Pronunciation of i

•(Standard Slovene, tonal)IPA(key):[i],SNPT:[i] •(Standard Slovene, non-tonal)IPA(key):[i],SNPT:[i]

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

(out of context)Pronunciation of í (ȋ)

•(Standard Slovene, tonal)IPA(key):[ˈîː],SNPT:[ȋ] •(Standard Slovene, non-tonal)IPA(key):[ˈiː],SNPT:[í], Audio: (file)

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

Particle

i

1. (obsolete)also

   Synonyms:tudi,prav tako,ravno tako,isto,istotako,še,vključno

Further reading

“i”,inSlovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU,portal Fran

Spanish

Pronunciation

• (Phoneme):IPA^(key):/i/,/j/
• (Letter name):IPA^(key):/i/

  • Audio(Spain):

    (file)

Etymology 1

Directly fromLatin.

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Spanishalphabet,written in theLatin script.

   Synonym:i latina

Noun

if(pluralíes)

1. name of the letterI

Derived terms

• i griega
• i latina
• poner los puntos sobre las íes

Etymology 2

Seey.

Conjunction

i

1. Obsoletespelling ofy.

Sranan Tongo

Pronoun

i

1. Pronunciation spellingofyu.

Sumerian

Romanization

i

1. Romanization of𒄿
2. Romanization of𒉌

Swabian

Etymology

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/

Pronoun

i

1. I

Coordinate terms

Swabian personal pronouns

	singular					plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person			1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			m	f	n
nominative	i	du d	är ǒ r	sui se	s äs	mir mǒr	ir ǒr	sia se
dative	mir mǒr	dir dǒr	eem ǎm	ira ǒra	s	aos	uich	eene ăna
accusative	me mi	de di	een ěn	sui se	s	aos	uich	sia se

Swabian does not have the genitive case.   

Swedish

Etymology 1

FromOld Swedishī,fromOld Norseí,fromProto-Germanic*in.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/,[ˈɨ͜zː]

• Audio:

  (file)

Adverb

i(verb particle)

1. used to signify that an action is done with intensity

Derived terms

• ligga i
• stå i
• ta i

Preposition

i

1. in;located inside
2. in; specifies a place, a region or a country

   Kim boriStockholm, som liggeriSverige.

   Kim lives in Stockholm which lies in Sweden.

3. (about time)to;before a full hour or, if used in the phrase "fem i halv", a half-hour

   Antonym:(past)över

   Middag serveras mellan sex och kvartiåtta varje kväll.

   Dinner is served between six and quartertoeight every evening.

4. (about time)for;duration

   Jag soveriflera timmar.

   I sleep for several hours.

5. (in various constructions)last,previous

   imåndags

   last Monday

   ijulas

   last Christmas

Usage notes

In definition 5, (last, previous) the following noun gets a suffix -s (weekdays:i måndags) or -as (seasons:i höstas,certain holidays, e.g.jul,midsommar,påsk,pingst). Other holidays instead useförra,senaste,sista,e.g.förranyåret.

Derived terms

• I
• i akt
• i dag
• i det(att)
• i ett
• i fatt
• i fjol
• i fjor
• i fred
• i fråga
• i gång
• i höstas
• i julas
• i jåns
• i kapp
• i kraft
• i kväll
• i land
• i midsomras
• i morgon
• i morron
• i morse
• i måndags
• i natt
• i pingstas
• i påskas
• i somras
• i stånd
• i stället
• i synnerhet
• i sänder
• i vintras
• i våras
• i väg
• i-balk
• i-järn
• i-land
• i-ljud
• i-omljud
• i-stål
• iaktta
• ibland
• iblanda
• idag
• idriftsättning
• idrifttagande
• idrifttagning
• ifall
• ifatt
• ifjol
• ifjor
• ifred
• ifråga
• ifrågakomma
• ifrågasätta
• ifrågasättande
• ifrågavarande
• ifrån
• ifylla
• ifyllnad
• ifyllning
• iföra
• igen
• igång
• igångkörning
• igångsätta
• ihakning
• ihjäl
• ihop
• ihåg
• ihålig
• ihållande
• ihälld
• ihällning
• ihängande
• ihängsen
• ihärdig
• ijåns
• ikapp
• iklä
• ikläda
• ikraft
• ikring
• ikull
• ikväll
• iland
• ilasta
• ilastning
• iläggning
• iläggsskiva
• imatning
• imorgon
• imorron
• inatt
• ini
• inuti
• iordninggjord
• iordninglagd
• iordningställa
• iplockad
• iplockning
• iråkad
• iröra
• iscensätta
• iscensättare
• iscensättning
• isittande
• iskarvning
• iskruvning
• iskuren
• islag
• islagen
• islagning
• istadarätt
• istadig
• istickning
• istoppad
• istoppning
• istoppstäcke
• istånd
• istället
• iständsätta
• isydd
• isyning
• isynnerhet
• isåning
• isänder
• isär
• isättning
• itu
• ituta
• ity
• itänd
• iväg
• iögonenfallande
• iögonfallande

See also

• inuti
• I

Etymology 2

fromProto-Germanic*ek.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/

Pronoun

i

1. (pitemål)I

References

• iinSvensk ordbok(SO)
• iinSvenska Akademiens ordlista(SAOL)
• iinSvenska Akademiens ordbok(SAOB)
• iin Elof Hellquist,Svensk etymologisk ordbok(1st ed., 1922)

Tagalog

Etymology 1

BorrowedfromSpanishi.Each pronunciation has a different source:

• Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced byEnglishi.
• Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced byBaybayincharacterᜁ(i).
• Abecedario pronunciation is fromSpanishi.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key):/ˈʔaj/[ˈʔaɪ̯](letter name, Filipino alphabet)
    • Rhymes:-aj
  • IPA^(key):/ˈʔi/[ˈʔi](letter name, Abakada alphabet, Abecedario)
    • Rhymes:-i
  • IPA^(key):/ˈi/[ˈi](phoneme, stressed)
    • Rhymes:-i
  • IPA^(key):/i/[ɪ](phoneme, unstressed)
    • Rhymes:-i
• Syllabification:i

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI,Baybayin spellingᜀᜌ᜔)

1. The ninthletterof the Tagalogalphabet(theFilipino alphabet), calledayand written in theLatin script.

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI,Baybayin spellingᜁ)

1. The eighthletterof the Tagalogalphabet(theAbakada alphabet), callediand written in theLatin script.
2. (historical)The tenthletterof the Tagalogalphabet(theAbecedario), callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)titik;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ññ,Ngng,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Noun

i(Baybayin spellingᜁ)

1. the name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i,in theAbakada alphabet

   Synonym:(in the Filipino alphabet)ay

2. (historical)the name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i,in theAbecedario

   Synonym:(in the Filipino alphabet)ay

See also

• ii

Etymology 2

BorrowedfromEnglishee,the English name of the letterE/e.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)IPA^(key):/ʔi/[ʔɪ]
• Rhymes:-i
• Syllabification:i

Noun

i(Baybayin spellingᜁ)

1. the name of theLatin-scriptletterE/e,in theFilipino alphabet

   Synonym:(in the Abakada alphabet and Abecedario)e

See also

• (Latin-script letter names)titik;ey,bi,si,di,i,ef,dyi,eyts,ay,dyey,key,el,em,en,enye,en dyi,o,pi,kyu,ar,es,ti,yu,vi,dobolyu,eks,way,zi

Further reading

• “i”,inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph,Manila,2018

Tahitian

Etymology

FromProto-Polynesian*i.

Preposition

i

1. at
2. in

Talysh

Etymology

Cognate withPersianیک(yek).

Numeral

i

1. one

Tarifit

Preposition

i(Tifinagh spellingⵉ)

1. to

   yewc-itiweɣyuř-nnes

   He gave ittohis donkey.

2. for

Tlingit

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[ʔì]

Pronoun

i

1. your(second-person singular possessive pronoun)

Tok Pisin

Etymology

Probably fromEnglishis

Particle

i

1. Separates thesubjectof a sentence from thepredicate,used when the subject is apronoun,or anoun
   • 1989,Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin,Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea,Jenesis1:2:

     Tasol graunino binistap olsem yumi save lukim nau.

     →New International Version translation

Tokelauan

Etymology

FromProto-Polynesian*i.Cognates includeHawaiianiandSamoani.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[i]
• Hyphenation:i

Preposition

i

1. in,on,at
   • 1948,Tūlāfono fakavae a Tokelau[Constitution of Tokelau]‎^[10],page 1:

     Ko te fakavae tenei e mateainā nuku ma kafai ona tagata e faifaimea fakatahi, ma nonofo fakatahiite filemu ma te fiafia.

     This foundation is recognisedinthe villages and if their people repetedly do things together, and they live togetherinpeace and happiness.

2. on,during
3. with,by,using
4. because of

References

• R. Simona, editor (1986),Tokelau Dictionary‎^[11],Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page26

Tongan

Etymology

FromProto-Polynesian*i.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Preposition

i

1. in

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseİ)

1. The twelfthletterof the Turkishalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters)harf;Aa,Bb,Cc,Çç,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Ğğ,Hh,Iı,İi,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Öö,Pp,Rr,Ss,Şş,Tt,Uu,Üü,Vv,Yy,Zz

Noun

i

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterİ/i.

See also

• (Latin script letter names)harf;a,be,ce,çe,de,e,fe,ge,yumuşak ge,he,ı,i,je,ke,le,me,ne,o,ö,pe,re,se,şe,te,u,ü,ve,ye,ze^{(Category:tr:Latin letter names)}

Turkmen

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/i/,/iː/

Letter

i(upper caseI)

1. The tenthletterof the Turkmenalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)harp;Aa,Bb,Çç,Dd,Ee,Ää,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Žž,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ňň,Oo,Öö,Pp,Rr,Ss,Şş,Tt,Uu,Üü,Ww,Yy,Ýý,Zz

Vietnamese

Etymology

Borrowed fromFrenchiorPortuguesei.

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội)IPA^(key):[ʔi˧˧]
• (Huế)IPA^(key):[ʔɪj˧˧]
• (Saigon)IPA^(key):[ʔɪj˧˧]

Noun

i

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.

Synonyms

• i ngắn

Volapük

Adverb

i

1. also,too,as well
   • 1932,Arie de Jong,Leerboek der Wereldtaal,page19:

     Cils äbinons-liipö zäl et? Si! elogob us tumis.

     Were there children at that partyas well?Yes, I've seen hundreds of them there.

   • 1937,“‚Johann Martin Schleyer’”, inVolapükagased pro Nedänapükans,page34:

     Äbejäfomipoedavi, ed äpübom dü lunüp timapenädi: ‚Sionsharfe’.

     Healsopracticed poetry, and for a long time, he published the magazine "Sionsharfe".

Votic

Etymology

Borrowed fromRussianи(i).

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä)IPA^(key):/ˈi/,[ˈi]
• Rhymes:-i
• Hyphenation:i

Conjunction

i

1. and

   Synonym:ja

Particle

i

1. also,as well,too

See also

• i... i(“as... so”)

References

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012)Vadja keele sõnaraamat[A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

Walloon

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Etymology 1

FromVulgar Latin*illī,from ClassicalLatinille.

Pronoun

i

1. he

Related terms

• lu

Etymology 2

FromVulgar Latinillos,used in place of the missing third-person pronoun, fromLatinillos,accusative plural ofille.

Pronoun

i

1. they

Related terms

• zels

Wano

Noun

i

1. water

References

• Willem Brurung,The Phonology of Wano,SIL Electronic Working Papers 2007-003(2007), page 30

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/
• Rhymes:-iː

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• (withgrave accentto indicate otherwise unpredictable short vowel):ì
• (withacute accentto indicate unusually stressed short vowel):í
• (withcircumflexto indicate otherwise unpredictable or unusually stressed long vowel):î
• (withdiaeresisto indicate disyllabicity):ï

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The thirteenthletterof the Welshalphabet,callediand written in theLatin script.It is preceded byhand followed byl.

Mutation

• i cannot mutate but, being a vowel, does takeh-prothesis,for example with the wordiwrch(“roe deer”):

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
iwrch	unchanged	unchanged	hiwrch
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Derived terms

• Digraph sequences:iw

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)llythyren;Aa(Áá,Àà,Ââ,Ää),Bb,Cc,Chch,Dd,Dddd,Ee(Éé,Èè,Êê,Ëë),Ff,Ffff,Gg,Ngng,Hh,Ii(Íí,Ìì,Îî,Ïï),Jj,Ll,Llll,Mm,Nn,Oo(Óó,Òò,Ôô,Öö),Pp,Phph,Rr,Rhrh,Ss,Tt,Thth,Uu(Úú,Ùù,Ûû,Üü),Ww(Ẃẃ,Ẁẁ,Ŵŵ,Ẅẅ),Yy(Ýý,Ỳỳ,Ŷŷ,Ÿÿ)
• (Latin-script letter names)llythyren;a,bi,ec,èch,di,èdd,e,èf,èff,èg,eng,aetsh,i/i dot,je,ce,el,èll,em,en,o,pi,ffi,ciw,er,rhi,ès,ti,èth,u/u bedol/u gwpan,fi,w,ecs,y,sèd

Noun

if(pluralïau)

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
i	unchanged	unchanged	hi
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Etymology 2

FromProto-Brythonic*mi,fromProto-Celtic*mī.

Pronoun

i

1. I,me

See also

• fi(“I, me”)
• mi(“I, me”)

Etymology 3

FromMiddle Welshy,fromOld Welshdi(pronounced/ði/), fromProto-Celtic*dū,related toBretonda(“to, for”),Cornishdhe(“to, for”),Irishdo(“to, for”).

Preposition

i(triggers soft mutation)

1. to,into(a place)

   Aethon nhwiʼr ysbyty.

   They wenttothe hospital.

2. for(a recipient)

   Mae’r jemiSiân.

   The jewel isforSiân.

   Dw i’n prynu teiar newyddi’n car.

   I'm buying a new tyreforour car.

3. that

   Maen nhw’n dweudiddihi yfed gormod o gwrw.

   They saythatshe drank too much beer.

Usage notes

• Iis often used to indicate direction "to" a place or "(in order) to" do an action in contrast toat,which indicates direction "to" a person.
  • Rwy'n myndi'r feddygfa.―I'm goingtothe surgery.
  • Rwy'n myndiweld y meddyg.―I'm goingtosee the surgery.
  • Rwy'n myndaty meddyg.―I'm goingtothe doctor.

Seeofor a similar distinction for "from".

• The literary language distinguishes between unemphatic personal forms and personal forms with emphasis on the pronoun.
  • Rhaidinnifynd.―Wemust go. (no particular emphasis)
  • Rhaidi nifynd.―Wemust go. (emphasis onwe)

In less formal language, this distinction is not made in writing.

• Rhaidi nifynd.―Wemust go. (no particular emphasis)

• Used as apreterite tenseform of ‘that’. The subject moves to the front of the subordinate clause, directly followingi,and the verb changes back to its verbal noun form.

Inflection

Personal forms (literary)

	Singular	Plural
First person	im,imi	inni,i ni
Second person	it,iti	iwch,ichwi
Third person	iddo,iddoefm iddi,iddihif	iddynt,iddynthwy

Personal forms (colloquial)

	Singular	Plural
First person	imi/fi	ini
Second person	iti	ichi
Third person	iddofe/fom iddihif	iddynnhw

Derived terms

• i mewn
• Category:Welsh phrasal verbs formed with "i"

See also

• bod
• mai
• y

West Makian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Verb

i

1. (intransitive)togo

   niii nopoli―pleasegoand buy

2. (intransitive)toleave

Conjugation

Conjugation ofi(action verb)
		singular	plural
			inclusive	exclusive
1st person		tii	mii	ai
2nd person		nii	fii
3rd person	inanimate	ii	dii
	animate
imperative		nii,i	fii,i

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Adverb

i

1. still

   te ne isasafoi―this tea isstillhot

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Adverb

i

1. makes a request or command more polite,please

   niiinopoli―pleasego and buy

   nifi sesinei―pleasecome up here

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982)The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[12],Pacific linguistics

White Lachi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i³³/,/ʔi³¹/,(Jinchang)/i⁴⁴/,(Tân Lợi)/ʔi²²/

Noun

i

1. water

References

• Weera Ostapirat,Proto-Kra,Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area23(1) (2000) (asʔi) (seeASJP)

Yele

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

i

1. A letter of theYelealphabet.

Derived terms

• The digraph⟨ii⟩transcribes the long vowel/iː/
• The digraph⟨꞉i⟩transcribes the nasal vowel/ĩ/
• The trigraph⟨꞉ii⟩transcribes the long nasal vowel/ĩː/

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,â,b,Chch,Dd,e,é,ê,Ghgh,i,î,j,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ńń,o,ó,Pp,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Yy,꞉

Yola

Preposition

i

1. Alternative form ofing(“in”)
   • 1927,“ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, inTHE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD,page129,lines15:

     Maa bee haghedimore caar an angish than Ich. "

     May be upsetinmore care and hardship than I. "

   • 1927,“ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, inTHE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD,page131,lines11:

     Oria vaarin gees a shaar,

     Orofthe fairing give us a share,

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/i/
• (letter name):IPA^(key):/í/

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The tenthletterof the Yorubaalphabet,calledíand written in theLatin script.

Noun

í

1. The name of theLatin-scriptletterI/i.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)lẹ́tà;Aa(Áá,Àà,Āā),Bb,Dd,Ee(Éé,Èè,Ēē),Ẹẹ(Ẹ́ẹ́,Ẹ̀ẹ̀,Ẹ̄ẹ̄),Ff,Gg,Gbgb,Hh,Ii(Íí,Ìì,Īī),Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm(Ḿḿ,M̀m̀,M̄m̄),Nn(Ńń,Ǹǹ,N̄n̄),Oo(Óó,Òò,Ōō),Ọọ(Ọ́ọ́,Ọ̀ọ̀,Ọ̄ọ̄),Pp,Rr,Ss,Ṣṣ,Tt,Uu(Úú,Ùù,Ūū),Ww,Yy
• (Benin)(Latin-scriptletters)lɛ́tà;Aa,Bb,Dd,Ee,Ɛɛ,Ff,Gg,Gbgb,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Kpkp,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Ɔɔ,Pp,Rr,Ss,Shsh,Tt,Uu,Ww,Yy
• (Latin-script letter names)lẹ́tà;á,bí,dí,é,ẹ́,fí,gí,gbì,hí,í,jí,kí,lí,mí,ní,ó,ọ́,pí,rí,sí,ṣí,tí,ú,wí,yí

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/í/

Particle

í

1. Used to express theprogressivetense innegativeconstructions.

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (mid-tone):IPA^(key):/ī/
• (high-tone):IPA^(key):/í/

Pronoun

i

1. him,her,it(third-person singular non-honorific object pronoun following amonosyllabicverb with a high-tone /i/)

Pronoun

í

1. him,her,it(third-person singular non-honorific object pronoun following amonosyllabicverb with a low- or mid-tone /i/)

See also

Affirmative subject pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person	mo	a
2nd person	o	ẹ
3rd person	ó	wọ́n

Negative subject pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person	mi/n	a
2nd person	o	ẹ
3rd person	[pronoun dropped]	wọn

Object pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person	mi	wa
2nd person	ọ/ẹ	yín
3rd person	[preceding vowel repeated for monosyllabic verbs]/ẹ̀	wọn

Note: except foryín,object pronouns have a high tone following a low or mid tone monosyllabic verb, and a mid tone following a high tone. For complex verbs, the tone does not change.

Emphatic pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person	èmi	àwa
2nd person	ìwọ	ẹ̀yin
3rd person	òun	àwọn

Yuqui

Noun

i

1. water

References

• Perry N. Priest,A contribution to comparative studies in the Guaraní linguistic family,Language Sciences9(1): 17-20, page 18 (1987)
• L. Villafañe,Gramática Yuki. Lengua Tupí-Guaraní de Bolivia(Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ediciones del Rectorado, 2004), page 302

Zia

Etymology

FromProto-Trans-New Guinea*inda.

Noun

i

1. tree

Zou

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i˧/

Particle

i

1. yes

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i˥˧/

Particle

ì

1. no

References

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013)A Descriptive Grammar of Zou,Canchipur: Manipur University, page62

Zulu

Letter

i(lower case,upper caseI)

1. The ninthletterof the Zulualphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz