kapal
English
[edit]Noun
[edit]kapal(pluralkapals)
- Alternative form ofkappal(“ship”)
Ambonese Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]FromMalaykapal,fromTamilகப்பல்(kappal,“ship, sailing vessel”).
Noun
[edit]kapal
- ship(large water vessel)
Balinese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]kapal
- Romanization ofᬓᬧᬮ᭄
Cebuano
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Hyphenation:ka‧pal
Noun
[edit]kapal
Czech
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Participle
[edit]kapal
Indonesian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Indonesian)IPA(key):/ˈkapal/[ˈka.pal]
- Rhymes:-apal
- Syllabification:ka‧pal
Etymology 1
[edit]FromMalaykapal(“ship”),fromClassical Malaykapal(“decked ship”),fromTamilகப்பல்(kappal,“ship, sailing vessel”).In the third sense, a mistranslation ofEnglishship(“relationship”),fromrelation+-ship(etymologically unrelated to the nounship).
Noun
[edit]kapal(first-person possessivekapalku,second-person possessivekapalmu,third-person possessivekapalnya)
- ship:
- (literal)A water-borne vessel generally larger than a boat.
- (chiefly in combination)A vessel which travels through any medium other than across land, such as anairshiporspaceship.
- (slang,fandomslang)A fictional romantic relationship between two characters, either real or themselves fictional, especially one explored in fan fiction.
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]FromMalaykapal(“thickening skin”),fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*kapal(“thick, as a plank”).Compare toTagalogkapal(“thick”).
Noun
[edit]kapal(first-person possessivekapalku,second-person possessivekapalmu,third-person possessivekapalnya)
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kapal”inKamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia,Jakarta:Agency for Language Development and Cultivation–Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia,2016.
- kapalon the Indonesian Wikipedia.Wikipediaid
Javanese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]kapal
- Romanization ofꦏꦥꦭ꧀
Mag-Anchi Ayta
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Adjective
[edit]kapal
References
[edit]- Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008).The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics.Evolutionary Bioinformatics,4:271-283.
Maguindanao
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kapal
Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]FromTamilகப்பல்(kappal,“ship, sailing vessel”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kapal(Jawi spellingکاڤل,pluralkapal-kapal,informal 1st possessivekapalku,2nd possessivekapalmu,3rd possessivekapalnya)
- ship(large water vessel)
Descendants
[edit]- Ambonese Malay:kapal
- Indonesian:kapal
- →Balinese:ᬓᬧᬮ᭄(kapal)
- →Alor:kapal
- →Balinese:ᬓᬧᬮ᭄(kapal)
- →Buginese:ᨀᨄᨒ(kappala')
- →Chinese:Giáp bản(jiǎbǎn)[1]
- →English:kappal,capel,kapal
- →Javanese:ꦏꦥꦭ꧀(kapal)
- →Khmer:កប៉ាល់(kaʼpal)
- →Maguindanao:kapal
- →Maranao:kapal
- →Sundanese:ᮊᮕᮜ᮪(kapal)
- →Tboli:kafal
- →Tausug:kappal
- →Thai:กำปั่น(gam-bpàn)
References
[edit]- ^Salmon Claudine. Malay (and Javanese) Loan-words in Chinese as a Mirror of Cultural Exchanges. In: Archipel, volume 78, 2009. pp. 181-208
Further reading
[edit]- “kapal”inPusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre,Kuala Lumpur:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka,2017.
Maranao
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]kapal
References
[edit]- A Maranao Dictionary,by Howard P. McKaughan and Batua A. Macaraya
Tagalog
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From WesternProto-Malayo-Polynesian*kapalorProto-Austronesian*kaS(ə)pal.CompareIndonesiankapal(“thickening skin”)andMalaykapal(“thickening skin”).
Noun
[edit]kapál(Baybayin spellingᜃᜉᜎ᜔)
- thickness
- multitude;numerousness
- (colloquial,derogatory)Ellipsisofkapal ng mukha.
- Angkapaltalaga ng hayop na yun!
- Theshamelessnessof that animal!
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Unknown. Possibly related to etymology 1 or an apocope fromMalaykepala(“head, source (metaphorical)”),fromSanskritकपाल(kapāla,“head”).
Noun
[edit]kapál(Baybayin spellingᜃᜉᜎ᜔)
- figure;creation
- cakeout ofbread;tart
- Synonym:keyk
- kapalna tinapay―cakeof bread
- lumpmade ofwax
- kapalna pagkit―lumpof wax
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kapal”atKWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino[1],Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino,2021
- “kapal”,inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph,Manila,2018
- Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860)Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves[2](in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
- Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*kapal”,in the CLDF dataset fromThe Austronesian Comparative Dictionary(2010–),→DOI
- Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*kaS(e)pal”,in the CLDF dataset fromThe Austronesian Comparative Dictionary(2010–),→DOI
Anagrams
[edit]- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- Ambonese Malay terms derived from Malay
- Ambonese Malay terms derived from Tamil
- Ambonese Malay lemmas
- Ambonese Malay nouns
- abs:Nautical
- Balinese non-lemma forms
- Balinese romanizations
- Cebuano lemmas
- Cebuano nouns
- ceb:Fish
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech non-lemma forms
- Czech past active participles
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/apal
- Rhymes:Indonesian/apal/2 syllables
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Tamil
- Indonesian semantic loans from English
- Indonesian terms derived from English
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Indonesian slang
- Indonesian fandom slang
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- id:Nautical
- Javanese non-lemma forms
- Javanese romanizations
- Mag-Anchi Ayta terms borrowed from Tagalog
- Mag-Anchi Ayta terms derived from Tagalog
- Mag-Anchi Ayta lemmas
- Mag-Anchi Ayta adjectives
- Maguindanao terms borrowed from Malay
- Maguindanao terms derived from Malay
- Maguindanao terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Maguindanao/apal
- Rhymes:Maguindanao/apal/2 syllables
- Maguindanao lemmas
- Maguindanao nouns
- Malay terms borrowed from Tamil
- Malay terms derived from Tamil
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/apal
- Rhymes:Malay/pal
- Rhymes:Malay/al
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- ms:Nautical
- Maranao terms borrowed from Malay
- Maranao terms derived from Malay
- Maranao lemmas
- Maranao nouns
- Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog colloquialisms
- Tagalog derogatory terms
- Tagalog ellipses
- Tagalog terms with usage examples
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Malay
- Tagalog terms derived from Malay
- Tagalog terms derived from Sanskrit
- tl:Breads