lever

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also:Lever

English

[edit]
EnglishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedia
A lever
A lever diagram

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromMiddle Englishlever,levore,levour,fromOld Frenchleveor,leveur(a lifter, lever (alsoOld FrenchandFrenchlevier)),fromLatinlevātor(a lifter),fromlevō(to raise).Doubletoflevator.

Noun

[edit]

lever(plurallevers)

  1. (mechanics)Arigidpiece which is capable ofturningabout one point, oraxis(thefulcrum), and in which are two or more other points where forces are applied; — used for transmitting and modifying force and motion.
    1. Specifically, abarof metal, wood or other rigid substance, used to exert a pressure, or sustain a weight, at one point of its length, by receiving a force or power at a second, and turning at a third on a fixed point called a fulcrum. It is usually named as the first of the six mechanical powers, and is of three kinds, according as either the fulcrum F, the weight W, or the power P, respectively, is situated between the other two, as in the figures.
      • 1952September, “Modernised Pull-and-Push Trains”, inRailway Magazine,page617:
        Retractable steps and handrails are provided on each side of the cars. The steps, which are under the control of the guard, are operated by handleversin the entrance vestibule.
  1. A small such piece totriggerorcontrola mechanical device (like aswitchor abutton).
  2. (mechanics)Abar,as acapstan bar,applied to a rotatory piece to turn it.
    • 2012March,Henry Petroski,“Opening Doors”, inAmerican Scientist[1],volume100,number 2, pages112–3:
      A doorknob of whatever roundish shape is effectively a continuum oflevers,with the axis of the latching mechanism—known as the spindle—being the fulcrum about which the turning takes place.
  3. (mechanics)Anarmon arock shaft,to give motion to the shaft or to obtain motion from it.
  4. (obsolete,except in generalized senses below)Acrowbar.
    • 1613,John Marston,William Barksted,The Insatiate Countess,IV.1:
      My lord, I brained him with alevermy neighbour lent me, and he stood by and cried, ‘Strike home, old boy!’
Derived terms
[edit]
[edit]
Translations
[edit]
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Verb

[edit]

lever(third-person singular simple presentlevers,present participlelevering,simple past and past participlelevered)

  1. (transitive)Tomovewith alever.
    With great effort and a big crowbar I managed toleverthe beam off the floor.
  2. (figuratively,transitive)Touse,operateormove(something) like alever(physically).
    • 1961,V. S. Naipaul,A House for Mr Biswas,Vintage International, published2001,Part Two, Chapter 1:
      Suddenly he hadleveredhimself up from the sofa, rocking the lame man violently, and was walking towards the receptionist.
    • 2023October 12, HarryBlank, “Fire in the Hole”, inSCP Foundation[2],archived fromthe originalon22 May 2024:
      The guard at the door coughed up blood, and died instantly. Fina was carrying an empty rifle with a sharpened bayonet, and she'd thrust it straight up through his neck, severing the spinal cord. Sheleveredhim off the front stoop and into the bushes, then stood up on the tips of her toes to peer through the window in the door.
  3. (figuratively,transitive)Touse(something) like alever(in an abstract sense).
    • 2001April 9,Joshua Cooper Ramo,“Bagging the Butcher”,inTime:
      He was a man wholeveredhis way from small-time communist hack to political power by tapping into the most potent vein of historical juice in the Balkans: nationalism.
    • 2013December 8,Robert McCrum,“Biographies of the year — review”,inThe Guardian:
      Credited with pioneering the detective novel, Collins has attracted many biographers over the years, drawn to his extraordinary life and work in the hope ofleveringopen a new understanding of the Victorian psyche.
  4. (chieflyUK,finance)Toincreasetheshareofdebtin thecapitalizationof a business.
    • 1989June 26, “Corporate America wants its privacy”, inMinneapolis Star-Tribune:
      "The equity holders want you to 'leverup,' use as much debt as you can, "said David Stanley, chairman of Kansas City-based Payless Cashways,
Derived terms
[edit]
Translations
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

FromMiddle Englishlever,comparative ofleve,leef(dear, beloved, lief),equivalent tolief+‎-er.Related toGermanlieber(rather).

Alternative forms

[edit]

Adverb

[edit]

lever(notcomparable)

  1. (obsolete)Rather.
Translations
[edit]

Etymology 3

[edit]

Borrowed fromFrenchlever.

Noun

[edit]

lever(plurallevers)

  1. (rare)Alevee.
    • 1742,Miss Robinson,Mrs. Delany's Letters,II.191:
      We do not appear at Phœbus'sLevér.
    • 2011September 21, Tim Blanning, “The reinvention of the night”, inTimes Literary Supplement:
      Louis XIV’s day began with aleverat 9 and ended (officially) at around midnight.

Further reading

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^lever”,inLexico,Dictionary.com;Oxford University Press,2019–2022.
  2. ^lever”,inMerriam-Webster Online Dictionary,Springfield, Mass.:Merriam-Webster,1996–present.
  3. ^lever”,inThe American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language,5th edition, Boston, Mass.:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt,2016,→ISBN.

Anagrams

[edit]

Danish

[edit]
DanishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediada

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromOld Danishliuær,fromOld Norselifr,fromProto-Germanic*librō,cognate withEnglishliverandGermanLeber.The Germanic word may be an irregular remodelling of the Proto-Indo-European word for "liver",*yókʷr̥,cf.Ancient Greekἧπαρ(hêpar)andLatiniecur.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

leverc(singular definiteleveren,plural indefinitelevere)

  1. liver
Inflection
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

See the etymology of the correspondinglemmaform.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key):[ˈleːʋɐ],[ˈleːwɐ]

Verb

[edit]

lever

  1. presentofleve

Etymology 3

[edit]

See the etymology of the correspondinglemmaform.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

leverorlevér

  1. imperativeoflevere

Dutch

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromMiddle Dutchlēvere,fromOld Dutch*levara,fromProto-West Germanic*libru,fromProto-Germanic*librō.

Noun

[edit]

leverf(plurallevers,diminutivelevertjen)

  1. liver
  2. edible animal liver as adishor culinary ingredient
Derived terms
[edit]
Descendants
[edit]
  • Afrikaans:lewer
  • Berbice Creole Dutch:lefre
  • Negerhollands:leber
  • Aukan:lebii
  • Indonesian:lever
  • Saramaccan:lebèn
  • Sranan Tongo:lefre

Etymology 2

[edit]

See the etymology of the correspondinglemmaform.

Verb

[edit]

lever

  1. inflection ofleveren:
    1. first-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. (in case ofinversion)second-personsingularpresentindicative
    3. imperative

French

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

InheritedfromMiddle Frenchlever,fromOld Frenchlever,fromLatinlevāre(to elevate),fromlevis(light, not heavy).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

lever

  1. (transitive)toraise,lift
    Antonym:baisser
  2. (reflexive)torise,standup
    Antonym:s’abaisser
  3. (reflexive,of celestial bodies)torise,comeup
    Antonym:secoucher
    Le Soleilse lèveà l’est et se couche à l’ouest.The Sunrisesin the East and sets in the West.
  4. (reflexive)toget up(out of bed)
    Antonyms:se coucher,s’allonger
    Jeme lève,je me lave.Iget up,I wash.
  5. (reflexive,of fog, rain,etc.)toclear,lift

Conjugation

[edit]

This verb is conjugated likeparler,except the-e-/ə/of the second-to-last syllable becomes-è-/ɛ/when the next vowel is a silent or schwa-e-,as in the third-person singular present indicativeil lèveand the third-person singular future indicativeil lèvera.

Derived terms

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

leverm(plurallevers)

  1. the act ofgetting upin themorning

Further reading

[edit]

Anagrams

[edit]

Hungarian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

le-+‎ver

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key):[ˈlɛvɛr]
  • Hyphenation:le‧ver
  • Rhymes:-ɛr

Verb

[edit]

lever

  1. (transitive)toknock down

Conjugation

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • leverinBárczi, GézaandLászló Országh.A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára( “The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.:ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN

Indonesian

[edit]
IndonesianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediaid

Etymology

[edit]

FromDutchlever(liver),fromMiddle Dutchlēvere,fromOld Dutch*levara,fromProto-Germanic*librō.Doubletofliver.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key):[ˈlɛvər]
  • Hyphenation:lè‧vêr

Noun

[edit]

lèvêr(first-person possessiveleverku,second-person possessivelevermu,third-person possessivelevernya)

  1. liver.
    Synonym:hati

Alternative forms

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]

Latin

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

lēver

  1. first-personsingularpresentpassivesubjunctiveoflēvō

Middle English

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Comparative ofleve(dear)of Germanic origin (compareGermanlieb) orlief.

Adverb

[edit]

lever

  1. Rather.
    For him wasleverhave at his bed's head
    Twenty bookes, clad in black or red,
    ...Than robes rich, or fithel, or gay sawtrie.
    The Canterbury Tales,Geoffrey Chaucer
    Butleverthan this worldés good
    She would have wist how that it stood
    Tales of the Seven Deadly Sins,John Gower.

Etymology 2

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

lever

  1. Alternative form oflyvere(liver)

Etymology 3

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

lever

  1. Alternative form oflyvere(living being)

Middle French

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Frenchlever.

Verb

[edit]

lever

  1. tolift

Conjugation

[edit]
  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Descendants

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Godefroy, Frédéric,Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes duIXeauXVesiècle(1881)(lever,supplement)

Norwegian Bokmål

[edit]
NorwegianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediano

Pronunciation

[edit]
This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPAthen please add some!

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromOld Norselifr,fromProto-Germanic*librō,fromProto-Indo-European*leyp-(to smudge, stick),from*ley-(to be slimy, be sticky, glide).

Noun

[edit]

levermorf(definite singularleverenorlevra,indefinite plurallevereorlevreorlevrer,definite pluralleverneorlevrene)

  1. (anatomy)aliver
  2. liver(eaten as food)
Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

lever

  1. presenttenseofleve
  2. imperativeoflevere

References

[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]
Norwegian NynorskWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediann

FromOld Norselifr,fromProto-Germanic*librō,fromProto-Indo-European*leyp-(to smudge, stick),from*ley-(to be slimy, be sticky, glide).Akin toEnglishliver.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

leverf(definite singularlevra,indefinite plurallevrarorlevrer,definite plurallevraneorlevrene)

  1. (anatomy)aliver
  2. liver(eaten as food)
Alternative forms
[edit]
Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

lever

  1. presentofleve

Further reading

[edit]

Old French

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromLatinlēvāre,present active infinitive oflēvō.

Verb

[edit]

lever

  1. tolift(up)
  2. (reflexive,se lever)toget up(get out of bed)

Conjugation

[edit]

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in-er.The forms that would normally end in *-v,*-vs,*-vtare modified tof,s,t.This verb has a stressed present stemlievdistinct from the unstressed stemlev.Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Descendants

[edit]

Old Swedish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Norsehleifr,fromProto-Germanic*hlaibaz.

Noun

[edit]

lēverm

  1. loaf,bread

Declension

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

Swedish

[edit]
SwedishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediasv

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromOld Norselifr,fromProto-Germanic*librō,fromProto-Indo-European*leyp-(to smudge, stick),from*ley-(to be slimy, be sticky, glide).

Noun

[edit]

leverc

  1. (anatomy)liver
Declension
[edit]
Declension oflever
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative lever levern levrar levrarna
Genitive levers leverns levrars levrarnas
Derived terms
[edit]
[edit]
  • levra(clot, coagulate)

Etymology 2

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

lever

  1. presentindicativeofleva

References

[edit]