trí
Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]30 | ||
← 2 | 3 | 4 → |
---|---|---|
Cardinal:trí Ordinal:tríú Personal:triúr |
FromOld Irishtrí,fromProto-Celtic*trīs,fromProto-Indo-European*tréyes.
Numeral
[edit]trí
Usage notes
[edit]- May be used with nouns in both the singular and plural; the singular is more common in general, but the plural must be used with units of measurement and the like. Triggerslenitionof nouns in the singular andh-prothesisof nouns in the plural:
- tríchat―three cats
- trítroithe―three feet
- tríhéin―three birds
- When used with the definite article, the definite article is always in the plural. When used with adjectives, the adjective is also in the plural and is always lenited after nouns in the singular; after nouns in the plural, the adjective only lenites after slender consonants:
- trí chapallbhána―three white horses
- na trí eaglaismhóra―the three big churches
- But:
- trí capaillbhána―three white horses
- na trí heaglaisímóra―the three big churches
- When referring to human beings, the personal formtriúris used.
Alternative forms
[edit]- trí-(combining)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]FromMiddle Irishtri,tre,fromOld Irishtri,tre,fromProto-Celtic*trei(compareWelshtrwy), fromProto-Indo-European*terh₂-(“to pass through”).
Preposition
[edit]trí(plus dative,triggerslenition,before the definite article in singulartríd)
Inflection
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Basic form | Contracted with | Copular forms | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
an(“thesg”) | na(“thepl”) | mo(“my”) | do(“your”) | a(“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár(“our”) | ar(“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) | |
de(“from”) | den | dena desna* |
demo dem* |
dedo ded*,det* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
do(“to, for”) | don | dona dosna* |
domo dom* |
dodo dod*,dot* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
faoi(“under, about”) | faoin | faoina | faoimo | faoido | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh | |
i(“in”) | sa,san | sna | imo im* |
ido id*,it* |
ina | inár | inar | inarb | inarbh | |
le(“with”) | leisan | leisna | lemo lem* |
ledo led*,let* |
lena | lenár | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh | |
ó(“from, since”) | ón | óna ósna* |
ómo óm* |
ódo ód*,ót* |
óna | ónár | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh | |
trí(“through”) | trídan | trína | trímo | trído | trína | trínár | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh | |
*Dialectal. |
Mutation
[edit]Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
trí | thrí | dtrí |
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
[edit]- ^Sjoestedt, M. L.(1931)Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry(in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page47
- ^Quiggin, E. C.(1906)A Dialect of Donegal,Cambridge University Press, page93
Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall(1977) “trí”,inFoclóir Gaeilge–Béarla,Dublin: An Gúm,→ISBN
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Etymology
[edit]FromOld Norseþrír,fromProto-Norseᚦᚱᛁᛃᛟᛉ(þrijoʀ)(feminine plural),fromProto-Germanic*þrīz,ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*tréyes.Compare Danish and Swedishtre,Icelandicþrír,Faroesetríggir,Englishthree.
Pronunciation
[edit]Numeral
[edit]- (dialectal,Setesdal)three
- ‘Er ætrígúta,trjåjentu, åtrjúbórd.
- There arethreelads,threegirls, andthreetables.
See also
[edit]- tri(Nynorsk)
References
[edit]- “trí”at Vallemål.no
Old Irish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]FromProto-Celtic*trīs,fromProto-Indo-European*tréyes.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Numeral
[edit]< 2 | 3 | 4 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal:trí Ordinal:tris Male personal:tríar | ||
trí(feminineteoir)
Usage notes
[edit]When attributively (before a noun) it is generally writtentriand was probably also pronounced short:
- tri anman(/tʲrʲi h-/)―three names
When used substantively it was always written and pronounced longtrí:
- i n-aeclis no thríi(/tʲrʲiː/)―in a church or in three
Inflection
[edit]Irregular numeral | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | tríH | teoir,téoraH | tríL | |
Vocative | ||||
Accusative | téoraH | |||
Genitive | tríN | téoraN | tríN | |
Dative | trib | téoraib | trib | |
Notes | Initial mutations of a following noun:
|
In archaic texts the formtrealso occurs for nom./acc. neuter as well as gen. masculine.
Derived terms
[edit]- tréde(“three things”)
- tretheng(“trio”)
- tree(“third”)
- trían(“third part”)
- tríar(“trio”)
- trícho(“thirty”)
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Preposition
[edit]trí
- Alternative spelling oftri
Mutation
[edit]Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
trí | thrí | trí pronounced with/d(ʲ)-/ |
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
[edit]- ^Vendryes, Joseph (1959–96) “trí”,inLexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien[Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume T U, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, pageT-139f.
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “trí”,ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Vietnamese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Sino-Vietnameseword fromTrí.
Noun
[edit]trí
Adjective
[edit]trí
Derived terms
[edit]- cơ trí(Cơ trí,“quick-witted”)
- đãng trí(Đãng trí,“forgetful”)
- đấu trí(Đấu trí,“to match wits”)
- giải trí(Giải trí,“to relax”)
- lí trí,lý trí(Lý trí,“rationality”)
- loạn trí(Loạn trí,“deranged”)
- mất trí(𠅒Trí,“to go crazy; dementia”)
- mưu trí(Mưu trí,“resourcefulness”)
- nhanh trí(𨘱Trí,“quick-witted”)
- quẫn trí(Quẫn trí,“distraught”)
- sở hữu trí tuệ(Sở hữuTrí tuệ,“of intellectual property”)
- tài trí(Tài trí,“talent and intellect”)
- tâm trí(Tâm trí,“mind”)
- thần trí(Thần trí,“mind”)
- tĩnh trí(Tĩnh trí,“to compose oneself”)
- trí dục(Trí dục,“intellectual education”)
- trí giả(Trí giả,“an intellectual”)
- trí khôn(“intelligence”)
- trí lự(Trí lự,“contemplation”)
- trí lực(Trí lực,“mindpower”)
- trí não(Trí não,“intellect”)
- trí năng(Trí năng,“intelligence”)
- trí nhớ(Trí𫺈,“memory”)
- trí óc(Trí𩠭,“brains”)
- trí sĩ(Trí sĩ,“an intellectual”)
- trí thức(Trí thức,“intelligentsia”)
- trí trá(Trí trá,“cunning”)
- trí tuệ(Trí tuệ,“wisdom”)
- trí tuệ nhân tạo(Trí tuệNhân tạo,“artificial intelligence”)
- trí tưởng(Trí tưởng,“imagination”)
- trí tưởng tượng(Trí tưởng tượng,“imagination”)
- trí xảo(Trí xảo,“ingenuity; cunning”)
- yên trí(An trí,“to rest assured”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Sino-Vietnamesereading of various Chinese characters.
Romanization
[edit]trí
- Sino-Vietnamesereading ofTrí
- Sino-Vietnamesereading ofTrí
- Sino-Vietnamesereading ofTrí
Derived terms
[edit]- an trí(An trí,“to lay to rest; banish”)
- bài trí(Bài trí,“to place in order”)
- bố trí(Bố trí,“to arrange”)
- cảnh trí(Cảnh trí,“scenery”)
- hưu trí(Hưu trí,“to retire”)
- nhất trí(Nhất trí,“unanimous”)
- thiết trí(Thiết trí,“to set up”)
- trang trí(Trang trí,“to decorate”)
- trí mạng(Trí mệnh,“fatal”)
- vị trí(Vị trí,“location”)
- xử trí(Xử trí,“to handle”)
Anagrams
[edit]- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish lemmas
- Irish numerals
- Irish cardinal numbers
- Irish terms with usage examples
- Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *terh₂-
- Irish terms inherited from Middle Irish
- Irish terms derived from Middle Irish
- Irish prepositions
- Irish prepositions governing the dative
- ga:Three
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk numerals
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms spelled with Í
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms spelled with ◌́
- Norwegian Nynorsk dialectal terms
- Setesdalsk Norwegian
- Norwegian Nynorsk cardinal numbers
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish numerals
- Old Irish cardinal numbers
- Old Irish terms with usage examples
- Old Irish prepositions
- Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sino-Vietnamese words
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese adjectives
- Vietnamese non-lemma forms
- Vietnamese romanizations
- Sino-Vietnamese readings