vacuum

See also:vacuüm

English

Alternative forms

• vacuüm(rare)

Etymology

FromLatinvacuum(“an empty space, void”),noun use of neuter ofvacuus(“empty”),related tovacare(“be empty”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈvæ.kjuːm/,/ˈvæ.kjuː.əm/

• Audio(US):

  (file)

Noun

vacuum(pluralvacuumsor(rare, formal)vacua)

1. Aregionofspacethat contains nomatter.

   Synonyms:vacancy,void

   Antonym:plenum

   • 2008,BioWare,Mass Effect(Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts,→ISBN,→OCLC,PC, scene: Citadel Station: Wards Codex entry:

     The Wards are open-topped, with skyscrapers rising from the superstructure. Towers are sealed againstvacuum,as the breathable atmosphere envelope is only maintained to a height of about seven meters. The atmosphere is contained by the centrifugal force of rotation and a "membrane" of dense, colorless sulphur hexafluoride gas, held in place by carefully managed mass effect fields.

2. The condition ofrarefaction,or reduction of pressure below that of the atmosphere, in a vessel, such as thecondenserof asteam engine,which is nearly exhausted of air or steam, etc.

   avacuumof 26 inches of mercury, or 13 pounds per square inch

3. (colloquial,only pluralized as "vacuums")Ellipsisofvacuum cleaner.

   Synonym:(British)hoover

4. (physics)Aspacetimehavingtensorsofzeromagnitude.
5. Anemptinessin life created by alossof a person who was close, or of an occupation.
   • 1837,L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon],Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides.[…],volume III, London:Henry Colburn,[…],→OCLC,pages82–83:

     Henrietta soon found a terriblevacuumleft, by the letters in which she used to pour forth every feeling and thought to her uncle.

6. Anexercisein which onedrawstheirabdomentowards thespine.
   • 1985,Arnold Schwarzenegger,Encyclopedia of Modern Bodybuilding,New York, N.Y.:Simon & Schuster,→ISBN,page508:

     Abs show up in a most-muscular shot, avacuumshot, the hands-behind-head compulsory ab shot, twisting poses, and so on.

   • 1997January 6, John, “I'm 14; How do I start bodybuilding?”, inmisc.fitness.weights‎^[1](Usenet):

     Right I'm off to practice myvacuum- suck in those stomachs now!

   • 2010January 7, Silent Stone, “Want to start, have a few questions for now.”, inmisc.fitness.weights‎^[2](Usenet):

     When I do the 'gutvacuum'exercise the abdominal wall seems to return to normal size, as far as I can tell under the flab.

   • 2022October 10, Aaromal Maanas, “2022 Tsunami Nutrition Pro Results and Recap”, inSportskeeda‎^[3],archived fromthe originalon2022-10-23:

     Blessed with round muscle bellies and a phenomenal structure, he also performed avacuumpose on stage.

Usage notes

• The Latinin vacuois sometimes used instead ofin a vacuum(in free space).

Derived terms

• bee vacuum
• central vacuum
• double Kerr vacuum
• electrovacuum
• false vacuum
• high vacuum
• in a vacuum
• intervacuum
• Kerns-Wild vacuum
• Kerr vacuum
• Khan-Penrose vacuum
• legal vacuum
• nonvacuum
• Oszváth-Schücking vacuum
• partial vacuum
• political vacuum
• quasivacuum
• rough vacuum
• Schwarzschild vacuum
• Taub-NUT vacuum
• thermal-vacuum
• Torricellian vacuum
• ultravacuum
• vacuumable
• vacuum activity
• vacuum airship
• vacuum aspiration
• vacuum bag
• vacuum bed
• vacuum bomb
• vacuum bottle
• vacuum brake
• vacuum bubble
• vacuum catastrophe
• vacuum-clean
• vacuum-cleaned
• vacuum decay
• vacuum desiccator
• vacuum distillation
• vacuum energy
• vacuumer
• vacuum exercise
• vacuum flask
• vacuum fluorescent display
• vacuum gauge
• vacuumless
• vacuumlike
• vacuumous
• vacuum pack
• vacuum-pack
• vacuum-packed
• vacuum pose
• vacuum pump
• vacuum sealer
• vacuum tube
• vacuum up

Related terms

• power vacuum
• vacant
• vacuous
• vacuum cleaner
• vacuum pan
• vacuum valve

Translations

region of space that contains no matter

• Albanian:zbrazëti(sq)f,vakumm
• Amharic:ኦና(ʾona)
• Arabic:خَلَاءm(ḵalāʔ),فَرَاغm(farāḡ),فَضَاء(ar)m(faḍāʔ)
• Armenian:վակուում(hy)(vakuum)
• Basque:huts
• Bulgarian:вакуум(bg)m(vakuum)
• Catalan:buit(ca)m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin:Chân không(zh)(zhēnkōng)

• Czech:vakuum(cs)n
• Danish:vakuumn,tomrumn
• Dutch:vacuüm(nl)n
• Esperanto:vakuo
• Finnish:tyhjiö(fi),vakuumi,tyhjö(fi)
• French:vide(fr)m,vacuum(fr)m
• Galician:baleiro(gl)m
• Georgian:ვაკუუმი(vaḳuumi)
• German:Vakuum(de)n
• Greek:κενό(el)n(kenó)

  Ancient:κένωμαn(kénōma),κενόνn(kenón)

• Hebrew:ואקוםm,ריק(he)m
• Hungarian:vákuum(hu)
• Icelandic:lofttæmi(is)n,lofttóm(is)n
• Ido:vakuo(io)
• Ilocano:kawaw,kalawakaw
• Indonesian:hampa udara(id),vakum(id)
• Interlingua:vacuo
• Irish:folús(ga)m
• Italian:vuoto(it)m
• Japanese:Chân không(ja)(しんくう, shinkū)
• Khmer:សុញ្ញកាស(soññaʼkaah)
• Korean:진공( chân không )(ko)(jin'gong)
• Latin:vacuusm
• Malagasy:mangabangabaka
• Malay:hampagas

  Jawi:ۏاکوم(ms)

  Rumi:vakum(ms)

• Malayalam:ശൂന്യത(ml)(śūnyata)
• Maltese:vojtm,frugħm
• Maori:korekore
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål:vakuum(no)n

  Nynorsk:vakuumn

• Polish:próżnia(pl)f
• Portuguese:vácuo(pt)m
• Quechua:ch'usaq p'ulin
• Romanian:vid(ro)n
• Russian:ва́куум(ru)m(vákuum)
• Serbo-Croatian:vakum(sh)m/vakuum(sh)m,zrakoprazan prostor
• Slovak:vákuum
• Slovene:vákuumm
• Spanish:vacío(es)m
• Sundanese:ᮛᮧᮠᮍᮔ᮪ ᮠᮕ(rohangan hapa)
• Swahili:ombwe
• Swedish:vakuum(sv)n
• Tagalog:awangin
• Tamil:வெற்றிடம்(ta)(veṟṟiṭam)
• Telugu:శూన్యం(te)(śūnyaṁ)
• Thai:สุญญากาศ(th)(sǔn-yaa-gàat)
• Turkish:vakum(tr)
• Vietnamese:chân không(vi)(Chân không)
• Welsh:gwactod
• Wolof:féex
• Yiddish:וואַקוּוםm(vakuum)
• Zhuang:caenhoengq

vacuum cleaner—seevacuum cleaner

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Lithuanian:^{(pleaseverify)}vakuumasm

Verb

vacuum(third-person singular simple presentvacuums,present participlevacuuming,simple past and past participlevacuumed)

1. (transitive)To clean (something) with avacuum cleaner.

   Synonym:(British)hoover

   • 2016,Janice M. Whiteaker,Run:

     “Who in the world cleans an attic? That's likevacuuminga shed.”

2. (intransitive)To use avacuum cleaner.

   Synonyms:(British)to do thehoovering,(British)tohoover

3. (transitive,databases)To optimise a database or databasetableby physically removing deletedtuples.
   • 2010,Ivan Litovski, Richard Maynard,Inside Symbian SQL: A Mobile Developer's Guide to SQLite,John Wiley & Sons,→ISBN,page337:

     But the advantage of an auto-vacuumeddatabase is that when B-tree pages are no longer needed, they are moved to the end of the database file and then the database file is truncated, thus returning the unused pages back to the filesystem.

Translations

transitive: to clean with a vacuum cleaner

• Arabic:نَظَّفَ بِالْمَكْنَسَة الْكَهْرَبَائِيَّة(naẓẓafa bi-l-maknasa(t) al-kahrabāʔiyya)
• Armenian:փոշեկուլովմաքրել(pʻošekulov makʻrel),փոշեծծիչովմաքրել(pʻošeccičʻov makʻrel)
• Azerbaijani:tozsoranlamaq
• Bashkir:һурҙырыу(hurźırıw)
• Bulgarian:пускам прахосмукачка(puskam prahosmukačka)
• Catalan:passar l'aspiradora
• Chinese:

  Mandarin:Hấp trần／Hấp trần(zh)(xīchén)

• Czech:vysát,vyluxovat
• Danish:støvsuge(da)
• Dutch:stofzuigen(nl)
• Esperanto:polvosuĉi
• Faroese:dustsúgva
• Finnish:imuroida(fi)
• French:passer l’aspirateur(fr)
• German:staubsaugen(de)
• Greek:σκουπίζω(el)(skoupízo)
• Hungarian:porszívózik(hu)
• Icelandic:ryksuga
• Italian:aspirapolverare
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål:støvsuge

  Nynorsk:støvsuge

• Polish:odkurzać(pl)impf,odkurzyć(pl)pf
• Portuguese:aspirar(pt)
• Russian:пылесо́сить(ru)impf(pylesósitʹ),пропылесо́сить(ru)pf(propylesósitʹ)
• Spanish:aspirar(es)
• Swedish:dammsuga(sv)
• Turkish:süpürmek(tr)
• Ukrainian:пилосо́ситиimpf(pylosósyty),пропилосо́ситиpf(propylosósyty),пилотяжити(pylotjažyty)
• Welsh:hwfro

intransitive: to use a vacuum cleaner

• Armenian:փոշեկուլանել(pʻošekul anel)
• Bashkir:һурҙырыу(hurźırıw)
• Catalan:passar l'aspiradora
• Czech:vysát,vyluxovat
• Danish:støvsuge(da)
• Dutch:stofzuigen(nl)
• Faroese:dustsúgva
• Finnish:imuroida(fi)
• French:passer l’aspirateur(fr)
• German:staubsaugen(de)
• Greek:σκουπίζω(el)(skoupízo)
• Hungarian:porszívózik(hu)
• Icelandic:ryksuga
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål:støvsuge

  Nynorsk:støvsuge

• Polish:odkurzać(pl)impf,odkurzyć(pl)pf
• Portuguese:aspirar(pt)
• Russian:пылесо́сить(ru)impf(pylesósitʹ),пропылесо́сить(ru)pf(propylesósitʹ)
• Spanish:aspirar(es)
• Swedish:dammsuga(sv)
• Welsh:hwfro

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Interlingua:^{(pleaseverify)}mundar con le aspirator
• Norwegian:^{(pleaseverify)}lage vakuum
• Slovak:^{(pleaseverify)}vysávať

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/va.kɥɔm/

Noun

vacuumm(pluralvacuums)

1. vacuum(space containing no matter)

   Synonym:vide

Descendants

• Turkish:vakum

Further reading

• “vacuum”,inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.

Latin

Adjective

vacuum

1. accusativeneutersingularofvacuus

Romanian

Etymology

BorrowedfromLatinvacuum.

Noun

vacuumn(pluralvacuumuri)

1. vacuum

Declension

Declension ofvacuum

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un)vacuum	vacuumul	(niște)vacuumuri	vacuumurile
genitive/dative	(unui)vacuum	vacuumului	(unor)vacuumuri	vacuumurilor
vocative	vacuumule		vacuumurilor

Spanish

Alternative forms

• vácuum(recommended)

Noun

vacuumm(pluralvacuums)

1. vacuum