velum

See also:vélumandvellum

English

Etymology

Borrowed fromLatinvēlum(“a cloth, covering, awning, curtain, veil”).Doubletofveil.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈviː.ləm/,/ˈvɛl.əm/,/ˈveɪ.ləm/

  • Audio(Southern England):

    (file)

  • Audio(Southern England):

    (file)

• Rhymes:-iːləm

Noun

velum(pluralvelaorvelums)

1. a thinmembraneresembling aveilorcurtain,such as:
   1. (anatomy)thesoft palate
   2. (botany)a thinmembranepartially covering the cluster ofsporangianear the leaf base inquillwortsand theirextinctrelatives
   3. (mycology)aveil-likemembraneofimmaturemushroomsextending from the margin of the cap to the stem and is torn by growth, to reveal thegills
   4. (malacology)alocomotoryand feedingorganprovided withciliafound in thelarvalstage ofbivalves
   5. (zoology)aannularmembrane,typically bordering acavity,especially in certainmolluscs,medusae,and otherinvertebrates
   6. a delicatemembranefound on certainprotists
2. (meteorology)anaccessory cloudresembling aveilextending over a large distance; normally associated withcumulusandcumulonimbus

Derived terms

• velar(adjective)

Translations

soft palate—seesoft palate

References

• “velum”,inLexico,Dictionary.com;Oxford University Press,2019–2022.
• “velum”,inMerriam-Webster Online Dictionary,Springfield, Mass.:Merriam-Webster,1996–present.

Anagrams

• mvule

Faroese

Noun

velum

1. indefinitedativepluralofvel

French

Alternative forms

• vélum

Etymology

Learned borrowingfromLatinvelum(“veil, sail”).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

velumm(pluralvelums)

1. velum

Further reading

• “velum”,inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[ˈvɛlʊm]
• Hyphenation:vè‧lum

Etymology 1

Learned borrowingfromLatinvēlum.

Noun

vèlum(first-person possessivevelumku,second-person possessivevelummu,third-person possessivevelumnya)

1. (anatomy,linguistics)velum:the soft palate.
2. veil:a covering for a person or thing; as, a caul.

Etymology 2

FromEnglishvellum,fromOld Frenchvelin(ModernFrenchvélin), fromLatinvitulinus(“of a calf”).

Noun

vèlum(first-person possessivevelumku,second-person possessivevelummu,third-person possessivevelumnya)

1. vellum:a type of parchment paper made from the skin of a lamb, baby goat, or calf.

Further reading

• “velum”inKamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia,Jakarta:Agency for Language Development and Cultivation–Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia,2016.

Latin

vēla rubra (red sails)

Etymology

FromProto-Italic*wekslom(note the Latin term's diminutive formvēxillum(as inpālus>pāxillus), which lends credence to this reconstruction), with two competing theories:

• FromProto-Indo-European*wegslom,from*weg-(“to weave, bind”).Cognate withEnglishwick,Welshgweu(“to weave”).

• Others refer it to*weǵʰ-(“to ride”),thus "that which propels"; in this case, cognate withProto-Slavic*veslo(“oar”).This is semantically less attractive than the above theory.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin)IPA^(key):/ˈu̯eː.lum/,[ˈu̯eːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key):/ˈve.lum/,[ˈvɛːlum]

Noun

vēlumn(genitivevēlī);second declension

1. acloth,covering,curtain,veil,awning
   • a.224,Ulpiānus,Dīgesta seu Pandectae‎^[1],volume XXX, section 41.10:

     Sed sī cancellī sint velvēla,lēgārī poterunt, nōn tamen fistulae vel castellī.

     But while bar-doors or theirveilscan be legated, not so water-pipes or water-basins.

2. (usually in theplural)thesailof aship
   • 8CE– 12CE,Ovid,Sorrows1.2.92:

     Ausoniōs fīnēs cūr meavēlavolunt?

     Why do mysailsincline toward Italian shores?
     (Ausonia:Ancient Greek name for lower Italy.)

   • 29BCE– 19BCE,Virgil,Aeneid1.103:

     velumadversa ferit

     strikes thesailhead-on.

1. (anatomy)thesoft palate

Inflection

Second-declensionnoun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	vēlum	vēla
Genitive	vēlī	vēlōrum
Dative	vēlō	vēlīs
Accusative	vēlum	vēla
Ablative	vēlō	vēlīs
Vocative	vēlum	vēla

Derived terms

• vēlāris
• vēlārium
• vēlārius
• vēlifer
• vēlificātiō
• vēlificium
• vēlificō
• vēlificor
• vēlificus
• vēliger
• vexillum

Related terms

• vēlābrum
• vēlāmen
• vēlāmentum
• vēlātiō
• vēlātō
• vēlō

Descendants

Descendants

• Italian:velo
• Old French:voil,veil
  • →English:veil
  • French:voile
    • →Bulgarian:воа́л(voál)
    • →English:voile
      • →Irish:voil
    • →Italian:voile
    • →Romanian:voal
    • →Russian:вуаль(vualʹ)
    • →Vietnamese:voan
  • Norman:vouaile
• Old Occitan:
  • Catalan:vel
  • Occitan:vel
• Old Galician-Portuguese:veo
  • Portuguese:véu
• →Romansch:vel
• →Romanian:văl
• →Spanish:velo

Via plural (vēla)

• Italian:vela,velo(archaic)
  • →Romanian:velă
• Old French:voile,veile,veille
  • French:voile
  • Norman:vaile
• Old Leonese:
  • Asturian:vela
  • Mirandese:bela
• Old Occitan:
  • Catalan:vela
  • Occitan:vela
• Old Galician-Portuguese:vea
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian:vele
  • →Romansch:vela
• Sardinian:vela,bela
• Spanish:vela
  • →Chamicuro:wela
• →Classical Syriac:ܘܝܠܐ(wēlā)
• →Dalmatian:vaila
• →Old Galician-Portuguese:vela
  • Galician:vela
  • Portuguese:vela

Borrowings

• →Albanian:vel
• →English:velum
• →Hebrew:וִילוֹן(wīlṓn)

References

• “velum”,inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879)A Latin Dictionary,Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “velum”,inCharlton T. Lewis (1891)An Elementary Latin Dictionary,New York: Harper & Brothers
• velumin Charles du Fresne du Cange’sGlossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis(augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• veluminGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français,Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894)Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2],London:Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous)to put to sea:vela in altum dare(Liv. 25. 27)
    
  • (ambiguous)to set the sails:vela facere, pandere
    
  • (ambiguous)to set the sails:vela dare
    
  • (ambiguous)to furl the sails:vela contrahere(also metaph.)
    
  • (ambiguous)sails and rigging:vela armamentaque
    
• “velum”,inHarry Thurston Peck, editor (1898),Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities,New York: Harper & Brothers