vocative

English

Etymology

From LateMiddle English[Term?],borrowed fromMiddle Frenchvocatif,fromLatinvocātīvus(“for calling”);a calque of Ancient Greekκλητῐκή(klētikḗ,“for calling; vocative case”)– fromvocāre(“to call”),fromProto-Indo-European*wokʷ-,o-gradeof*wekʷ-(“give vocal utterance, speak”).See Latinvōx.

Pronunciation

• (General American)enPR:väk'ətĭv,vōk'ətĭv,IPA^(key):/ˈvɑkətɪv/,/ˈvoʊkətɪv/
• (Received Pronunciation)enPR:vŏk'ətĭv,IPA^(key):/ˈvɒkətɪv/

• Audio(Southern England):

  (file)

Adjective

vocative(comparativemorevocative,superlativemostvocative)

1. Of or pertaining to calling; used in calling orvocation.
2. (grammar)Used in address;appellative(said of that case or form of the noun, pronoun, or adjective, in which a person or thing is addressed). For example "Domine,O Lord "

Related terms

• vocal

Translations

of or pertaining to calling

• Finnish:kutsumuksellinen,kutsumus-
• French:vocationnel(fr)
• Georgian:წოდებითი(ka)(c̣odebiti),მოწოდებითი(moc̣odebiti)
• German:aufrufend(de)
• Greek:κλητικός(el)(klitikós)
• Hindi:संबोधित(hi)(sambodhit)
• Japanese:Thiên chức の(ja)(tenshoku no)
• Latin:vocātīvus
• Portuguese:vocativo(pt)m
• Russian:призыва́ющий(ru)(prizyvájuščij),зову́щий(ru)(zovúščij)

grammar: used in address

• Arabic:نِدَاءm(nidāʔ)
• Belarusian:клі́чны(klíčny)
• Bulgarian:зва́телен(zvátelen)
• Catalan:vocatiu(ca)
• Czech:vokativní
• Dutch:vocatief(nl)m
• Esperanto:vokativo(eo)
• Finnish:vokatiivinen
• French:vocatif(fr)m
• Galician:vocativom
• Georgian:წოდებითი(ka)(c̣odebiti)
• German:vokativ(de)
• Greek:κλητικός(el)(klitikós)

  Ancient:κλητικός(klētikós)

• Hindi:संबोधित(hi)(sambodhit)
• Hungarian:megszólító(hu)
• Irish:gairmeach(ga)
• Japanese:Hô cách の(ja)(kokaku no)
• Latin:vocātīvus
• Macedonian:вокативm(vokativ)
• Polish:wołacz(pl)m
• Portuguese:vocativo(pt)
• Russian:зва́тельный(ru)(zvátelʹnyj)
• Scottish Gaelic:gairmeach
• Serbo-Croatian:vokativan(sh)
• Spanish:vocativo(es)
• Swedish:vokativ(sv)
• Ukrainian:кли́чний(uk)(klýčnyj)
• Welsh:cyfarchol

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Arabic:^{(pleaseverify)}مُنَادَى(munādā),^{(pleaseverify)}نَدَائِيّ(nadāʔiyy)
• Dutch:^{(pleaseverify)}roeper(nl)m
• Hebrew:^{(pleaseverify)}של יחסת פנייהf(šel yakhasat peniyah)
• Italian:^{(pleaseverify)}vocativo(it)
• Serbo-Croatian:^{(pleaseverify)}вокативни,^{(pleaseverify)}vokativni
• Swedish:^{(pleaseverify)}vokativ(sv)
• Turkish:^{(pleaseverify)}vokatif(tr)

Noun

vocative(pluralvocatives)

1. (grammar)Thevocative case
2. (grammar)A word in thevocative case
3. (rare)Something said to (or as though to) a particular person or thing; anentreaty,aninvocation.
   • 1748,[Samuel Richardson], “Letter L”, inClarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady:[…],volumes(please specify |volume=I to VII),London:[…]S[amuel]Richardson;[…],→OCLC:

     [T]he two latter will hardly come neither, if they think it will be to hear yourwhiningvocatives.

Translations

grammatical case—seevocative case

See also

• interjection

Italian

Adjective

vocative

1. femininepluralofvocativo

Latin

Adjective

vocātīve

1. vocativemasculinesingularofvocātīvus

References

• “vocative”,inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879)A Latin Dictionary,Oxford: Clarendon Press
• vocativeinGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français,Hachette.

Romanian

Noun

vocativenpl

1. pluralofvocativ