z

See also:Appendix:Variations of "z"

z U+007A,z LATIN SMALL LETTER Z ←y [U+0079] Basic Latin {→ [U+007B]

Character variations

ᶻ U+1DBB,ᶻ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL Z ←ᶺ [U+1DBA] Phonetic Extensions Supplement ᶼ→ [U+1DBC]

𝆎 U+1D18E,𝆎 MUSICAL SYMBOL Z ←𝆍 [U+1D18D] Musical Symbols 𝆏→ [U+1D18F]

ｚ U+FF5A,ｚ FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER Z ←ｙ [U+FF59] Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｛→ [U+FF5B]

Languages (50)

Translingual•English

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Albanian•Alemannic German•Azerbaijani•Basque•Central Mazahua•Cimbrian•Czech•Dutch•Egyptian•Esperanto•Estonian•Finnish•French•Gothic•Heiltsuk•Hungarian•Ido•Indonesian•Italian•Kankanaey•Kashubian•Latin•Latvian•Livonian•Lower Sorbian•Malay•Maltese•Norwegian•Nupe•Old Czech•Old Polish•Polish•Portuguese•Romani•Romanian•Sani•Serbo-Croatian•Seri•Silesian•Skolt Sami•Slovak•Slovene•Spanish•Swedish•Tagalog•Turkish•Turkmen•Zulu

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Page categories

Translingual

Pronunciation

• Pronunciation of IPA[zɑː, ɑzzɑː]with the sound[z]:

  (file)

Letter

z(upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-sixth and last letter of thebasic modern Latin alphabet.

See also

• (Latin script):AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSſsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz
• (Variations of letter Z):ŹźẐẑŽžŻżẒẓẔẕƵƶȤȥⱫⱬᵶᶎʐʑɀᴢＺｚDZDzdzDZDzdzDŽDždžDŽDždž
• Greekζ,Hebrewז.

Symbol

z

1. (metrology)Symbol for the prefixzepto-.
2. (astronomy)Symbol for theredshift.
3. (mathematics)Used to denote arealvariablewhenxandyare already in use.

   $f\left(x,y,z\right)=\sin x+\cos y+\tan z$

4. (mathematics)Used to denote the thirdcoordinateinthree-dimensionalCartesianandcylindricalcoordinate systems.

   $x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}=1$

5. (mathematics)Used to denote acomplexvariable.

   $\left\Vert z\right\Vert =z\cdot {\bar {z}}$

6. (statistics)Used to denote a value of astandardnormalrandomvariable.

   $P[Z>z]=1-P[Z<z]=1-\Phi (z)$

7. (chemistry)Symbol foratomic number.
8. (IPA)avoicedalveolarsibilant.
9. (superscript⟨ᶻ⟩,IPA)[z]-fricatedreleaseof a plosive (e.g.[dᶻ],sometimes implying anaffricate[d͜z]);[z]-coloring; or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic[z].

   Lushootseed uses the affricate convention for its alphabetic letter⟨dᶻ⟩.

Derived terms

Prefix zepto-

• zA
• zcd
• zK
• zkg
• zm
• zmol
• zs

• zBq
• zC
• zF
• zGy
• zH
• zHz
• zJ
• zkat
• zlm
• zlx
• zN
• zΩ
• zPa
• zrad
• zS
• zSv
• zsr
• zT
• zV
• zW
• zWb

Gallery

• Letter styles
• 
  Uppercase and lowercase versions ofZ,in normal and italic type
• 
  Uppercase and lowercaseZinFraktur

See also

Other representations of Z:

NATO phonetic:Zulu Morse code:––·· Braille:⠵ ASL Manual:Z

Signal flag:

Semaphore:

English

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Letter name

• (UK)IPA^(key):/zɛd/

• Audio(UK):

  (file)

• (US)IPA^(key):/ziː/

• Audio(California):

  (file)

• (Hong Kong)IPA^(key):/iˈzɛd/,/ɪˈzɛd/(fromizzard)
• (India)IPA^(key):/ɪˈzɛd/,/ɪˈzɛɖ/
• Rhymes:-ɛd,-iː

Phoneme

• IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ,pluralzsorz's)

1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Englishalphabet,calledzed,zee,orizzardand written in theLatin script.

Derived terms

• catch some z's
• grab some z's
• stack z's
• z-average
• z-axis
• z-buffer
• z car
• z-culling
• z-direction
• z-fighting
• z-index
• z-intercept
• z-order
• z-test
• z-variant
• z-word

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)letter;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Etymology 2

Abbreviations.

z

1. (stenoscript)the sound /z/, regardless of spelling.

   Note: plural /s/, /z/ or /əz/ in nouns is instead indicated by an optional dot under last letter; 3sg /s/, /z/ or /əz/ in verbs is not written at all, except forhz'has',sz'says',dz'does'

2. (stenoscript)the sound /ʃ/, /ʒ/, or the sequence /ziː/.
3. (stenoscript)Abbreviationofas,was,his,she.

Albanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

z(upper caseZ)

1. The thirty-fifthletterof the Albanianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)shkronjë;Aa,Bb,Cc,Çç,Dd,Dhdh,Ee,Ëë,Ff,Gg,Gjgj,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Llll,Mm,Nn,Njnj,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Rrrr,Ss,Shsh,Tt,Thth,Uu,Vv,Xx,Xhxh,Yy,Zz,Zhzh

Alemannic German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/t͡s/

Etymology 1

Article

zn

1. Synonym ofs:the

   Gfallt derzHuus?―Do you likethehouse?

Etymology 2

Preposition

z

1. unstressed form of ofzue

   Mir wonenzZüri.―We liveinZurich.

Etymology 3

Preposition

z

1. unstressed form of ofzu

   Das isch z vill.―This istoomuch.

Azerbaijani

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

zlower case(upper caseZ)

1. The thirty-secondletterof the Azerbaijanialphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)hərf;Aa,Bb,Cc,Çç,Dd,Ee,Əə,Ff,Gg,Ğğ,Hh,Xx,Iı,İi,Jj,Kk,Qq,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Öö,Pp,Rr,Ss,Şş,Tt,Uu,Üü,Vv,Yy,Zz

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/s̻eta/,[s̻e̞.t̪a]

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-seventhletterof the Basquealphabet,calledzetaand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc(Çç),Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ññ,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu(Üü),Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Central Mazahua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

z(upper caseZ)

1. A letter of theMazahuaalphabet.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ⱥⱥ,A̱a̱,Bb,Cc,Cꞌcꞌ,Cjcj,Cucu,Cꞌucꞌu,Cjucju,Chch,Chꞌchꞌ,Chjchj,Dd,Dydy,Ee,Ɇɇ,E̱e̱,Gg,Gugu,Huhu,ꞌHuꞌhu,Ii,I̱i̱,Jj,Jꞌjꞌ,Jmjm,Jnjn,Jñjñ,Juju,Jyjy,Ll,Mm,Mꞌmꞌ,Nn,Nꞌnꞌ,Ññ,Ñꞌñꞌ,Oo,Øø,O̱o̱,Pp,Pjpj,Rr,Ss,Tt,Tꞌtꞌ,Tjtj,Tsts,Tsꞌtsꞌ,Tsjtsj,Uu,Ꞹꞹ,U̱u̱,Xx,Zz,Zhzh,ꞌ

Cimbrian

Alternative forms

• 's(Sette Comuni)

Article

z

1. (Luserna)the;definite articlefor two declensions:
   1. nominative singular neuter
   2. accusative singular neuter

See also

Cimbriandefinite articles
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	dar	de/di	's/z	de/di
Accusative	in	de/di	's/z	de/di
Dative	me	dar	me	in

References

• Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013)Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter[Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Czech

Alternative forms

• ze

Etymology

InheritedfromOld Czechz,ze,fromProto-Slavic*jьz,fromProto-Indo-European*h₁eǵʰs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

• Audio:

  (file)

Preposition

z[withgenitive]

1. from

   Toto víno pocházízFrancie.―This wine comesfromFrance.

2. out of

   Pětzdeseti doktorů doporučuje tuto zubní pastu.―Fiveout often doctors recommend this toothpaste.

Usage notes

• The more usual form isz,whilezeis used before words starting withs,zand certainconsonant clusters.
• In certain contexts (in the meaning "out of the surface" or "down from the surface" ) the prepositions,which normally requires instrumental case, can be used synonymously requiring the genitive case. This use of the prepositionsis dated though and is mainly seen in older literature.
  • spadnout z/s kopce―to fall down the hill
  • sundat něco ze/se skříně―to take something off the cupboard

Further reading

• “z”,inPříruční slovník jazyka českého(in Czech),1935–1957
• “z”,inSlovník spisovného jazyka českého(in Czech),1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ɛt
• (letter name):IPA^(key):/zɛt/

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Dutchalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• Previous letter:y

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological)IPA^(key):/zɛ/,/zɑ/
  • Conventional anglicization:ze, za

Noun

m

1. doorboltofwoodorcopper[since the Pyramid Texts]

Inflection

Declension ofz(masculine)

singular	z
dual	zwj
plural	zw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofz

[Old Kingdom]	[New Kingdom]	[Late Period]	[Late Period]

See also

• 𓊃

Etymology 2

Speculatively, Ehret hypothesizes an origin inProto-Afroasiatic*ji(one, someone, somebody);as with other attempts at reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic, academic consensus is lacking. CompareHebrewזֶה.

Pronunciation

• (reconstructed)IPA^(key):/zuʀ/→/suʀ/→/suʔ/→/søʔ/

• (Old Egyptian,c. 2500BCE)IPA^(key):/zuʀ/(singular);IPA^(key):/ˈzuʀwaw/(plural)
• (Middle Egyptian,c. 1700BCE)IPA^(key):/suʀ/(singular);IPA^(key):/ˈsuʀwaw/(plural)
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian,c. 1350BCE)IPA^(key):/suʔ/(singular);IPA^(key):/ˈsuːwə/(plural)
• (latest Late Egyptian,c. 800BCE)IPA^(key):/søʔ/(singular);IPA^(key):/seːw/(plural)

• (modern Egyptological)IPA^(key):/zɛ/,/zɑ/
  • Conventional anglicization:ze, za

Noun

m

1. man(male person)[since the Old Kingdom]
2. someone, anyone
   • c.1944BCE,(year 17 of the reign ofSenusret I), Stela of Mentuwoser (MMA 12.184), lines 11–12:

     nj sḏrzḥqr.w r dmj.j

     Noonewent to bed hungry in my district.

Usage notes

This word can be placed after a type of person and before a number to indicate that many prisoners of that type were taken.

Inflection

Declension ofz(masculine)

singular	z
dual	zwj
plural	zw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofz

z	z	z	z	s	s	sj	sꜣ
[Old Kingdom]	[since the Old Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[since the 19th Dynasty]	[since the 19th Dynasty]	[Late Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]

See also

• 𓀀

Derived terms

• z jm
• z-n-wsrt

Descendants

• Coptic:ⲥⲁ-(sa-)

Noun

m

1. being,creature(used of a snake)[Pyramid Texts]

Inflection

Declension ofz(masculine)

singular	z
dual	zwj
plural	zw

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological)IPA^(key):/zɛ/,/zɑ/
  • Conventional anglicization:ze, za

Noun

m

1. A type of fish[22nd dynasty]

Inflection

Declension ofz(masculine)

singular	z
dual	zwj
plural	zw

References

• Erman, Adolf,Grapow, Hermann(1926–1961)Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache,Berlin: Akademie-Verlag,→ISBN

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• (letter name):IPA^(key):/zo/
• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/z/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-eighthletterof the Esperantoalphabet,calledzoand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)litero;Aa,Bb,Cc,Ĉĉ,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Ĝĝ,Hh,Ĥĥ,Ii,Jj,Ĵĵ,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Rr,Ss,Ŝŝ,Tt,Uu,Ŭŭ,Vv,Zz

Estonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈtsetː/

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-firstletterof the Estonianalphabet,calledtsettand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

• Used only in loanwords.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)täht;Aa,Bb(Cc),Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp(Qq),Rr,Ss,Šš,Zz,Žž,Tt,Uu,Vv(Ww),Õõ,Ää,Öö,Üü(Xx,Yy)

Finnish

Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. Seethe Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information,andzfor information on the development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• Audio(letter name);“tset”:

  (file)

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-fifthletterof the Finnishalphabet,calledtsetaortsetand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

• Used only in loanwords. In more established loanwords replaced withts.

Derived terms

compounds

• hattu-z
• suhu-z
• z-akseli
• z-suunta

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)kirjain;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss(Šš),Tt,Uu,Vv(Ww),Xx,Yy,Zz(Žž),Åå,Ää,Öö

French

Pronunciation

• (letter name)IPA^(key):/zɛd/

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Frenchalphabet,written in theLatin script.

Gothic

Romanization

z

1. Romanization of𐌶

Heiltsuk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/t͜s/

Letter

z(uppel caseZ)

1. Aletterof the Heiltsukalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Áá,A̓a̓,Bb,Cc,C̓c̓,Dd,Ꟛꟛ,Gg,Gvgv,Ǧǧ,Ǧvǧv,Hh,H̓h̓,Ħħ,Ii,Íí,I̓i̓,Kk,Kvkv,K̓k̓,K̓vk̓v,Ll,ʼLl̓,Ḷḷ,Ḷ́ḷ́,ʼḶḷ̓,Ɫɫ,Mm,ʼMm̓,Ṃṃ,Ṃ́ṃ́,ʼṂṃ̓,Nn,ʼNn̓,Ṇṇ,Ṇ́ṇ́,ʼṆṇ̓,Pp,P̓p̓,Qq,Qvqv,Q̓q̓,Q̓vq̓v,Ss,Tt,T̓t̓,Ƛƛ,Ƛ̓ƛ̓,Uu,Úú,U̓u̓,Ww,ʼWw̓,Xx,Xvxv,X̌x̌,X̌vx̌v,Yy,ʼYy̓,Zz,ʔ

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme):IPA^(key):[ˈz]
• (letter name):IPA^(key):[ˈzeː]

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The thirty-ninthletterof the Hungarianalphabet,calledzéand written in theLatin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	z	z-k
accusative	z-t	z-ket
dative	z-nek	z-knek
instrumental	z-vel	z-kkel
causal-final	z-ért	z-kért
translative	z-vé	z-kké
terminative	z-ig	z-kig
essive-formal	z-ként	z-kként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	z-ben	z-kben
superessive	z-n	z-ken
adessive	z-nél	z-knél
illative	z-be	z-kbe
sublative	z-re	z-kre
allative	z-hez	z-khez
elative	z-ből	z-kből
delative	z-ről	z-kről
ablative	z-től	z-ktől
non-attributive possessive - singular	z-é	z-ké
non-attributive possessive - plural	z-éi	z-kéi

Possessive formsofz
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	z-m	z-im
2nd person sing.	z-d	z-id
3rd person sing.	z-je	z-i
1st person plural	z-nk	z-ink
2nd person plural	z-tek	z-itek
3rd person plural	z-jük	z-ik

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)betű;Aa,Áá,Bb,Cc,Cscs,Dd,Dzdz,Dzsdzs,Ee,Éé,Ff,Gg,Gygy,Hh,Ii,Íí,Jj,Kk,Ll,Lyly,Mm,Nn,Nyny,Oo,Óó,Öö,Őő,Pp,Rr,Ss,Szsz,Tt,Tyty,Uu,Úú,Üü,Űű,Vv,Zz,Zszs.Only in the extended alphabet:QqWwXxYy.Commonly used:ch.Also defined:àë.In surnames (selection):äaaczdseéeöewoeoóthtsÿ.

Further reading

• zinBárczi, GézaandLászló Országh.A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára( “The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.:ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN

Ido

Pronunciation

• (context pronunciation)IPA^(key):/z/
• (letter name)IPA^(key):/ze/

Letter

z(upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Idoalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)litero;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/(usually unless before a voiced consonant)
• IPA^(key):/s/(sometimes before a voiced consonant e.g. Mazmur)

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Indonesianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

• Used only in loanwords from Arabic, English, etc.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)huruf;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Italian

Letter

zform(invariable,lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-firstletterof the Italianalphabet,calledzetaand written in theLatin script.

Kankanaey

Etymology

BorrowedfromTagalogz.Letter pronunciation is influenced byEnglishz.

Pronunciation

• (letter name)IPA^(key):/zi/[zi̞]
  • IPA^(key):(more native-sounding)/si/[si̞]
  • Rhymes:-i
• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/z/[z]
  • IPA^(key):(more native-sounding)/s/[s]

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-eighthletterof the Kankanaeyalphabet,calledziand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)letra;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ññ,Ngng,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

References

• Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016)Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy[Kankanaey Orthography]‎^[1](in Kankanaey and Tagalog),→ISBN,pages10-11

Kashubian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈz/(before a voiced consonant)
• IPA^(key):/ˈs/(before a voiceless consonant)
• Syllabification:w

Etymology 1

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See theKashubian alphabetarticle on Wikipedia for more, andzfor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The thirty-secondletterof the Kashubianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ąą,Ãã,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Éé,Ëë,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Łł,Mm,Nn,Oo,Òò,Óó,Ôô,Pp,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Ùù,Ww,Yy,Zz,Żż

Etymology 2

InheritedfromProto-Slavic*jьz.

Preposition

z

1. from,out of[withgenitive]

Alternative forms

• ze,zez

Etymology 3

InheritedfromProto-Slavic*sъ(n).

Preposition

z

1. denotescomitativeorsociativerelation;with,alongside[withinstrumental]

Alternative forms

• ze,zez

Further reading

• Stefan Ramułt(1893) “z”,inSłownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego(in Kashubian), page258
• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “z”, inSłownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[2]
• “z”,inInternetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka[Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby,2022

Latin

Etymology

The minuscule form derives from the majusculeZ.

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-third letter of theClassical Latinalphabet, calledzēta.

References

• zin Charles du Fresne du Cange’sGlossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis(augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “z”,inHarry Thurston Peck, editor (1898),Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities,New York: Harper & Brothers

Latvian

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed byK. Mīlenbahs,which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in GermanFraktur,and sporadically inCyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[z]

Letter

Z

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The thirty-secondletterof the Latvianalphabet,calledzēand written in theLatin script.

See also

• Letters of the Latvian alphabet:

  burti:Aa,Āā,Bb,Cc,Čč,Dd,Ee,Ēē,Ff,Gg,Ģģ,Hh,Ii,Īī,Jj,Kk,Ķķ,Ll,Ļļ,Mm,Nn,Ņņ,Oo,Pp,Rr,Ss,Šš,Tt,Uu,Ūū,Vv,Zz,Žž

Livonian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

z(upper caseZ)

1. The thirty-eighthletterof the Livonianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)kēratēd̦;Aa,Āā,Ää,Ǟǟ,Bb,Dd,D̦d̦,Ee,Ēē,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Īī,Jj,Kk,Ll,Ļļ,Mm,Nn,Ņņ,Oo,Ōō,Ȯȯ,Ȱȱ,Õõ,Ȭȭ,Pp,Rr,Ŗŗ,Ss,Šš,Tt,Țț,Uu,Ūū,Vv,Zz,Žž

Lower Sorbian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

z(upper caseZ)

1. The thirty-secondletterof the Lower Sorbianalphabet,calledzetand written in theLatin script.

See also

• SeeTemplate:list:Latin script letters/dsb.

Etymology 2

FromProto-Slavic*jьz,fromProto-Indo-European*h₁eǵʰs.

Alternative forms

• ze(used before sibilants and certain consonant clusters)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/,(before a voiceless consonant)/s/

Preposition

z(with genitive)

1. from,out of

Etymology 3

FromProto-Slavic*sъ(n),fromProto-Indo-European*ḱom.

Alternative forms

• ze(used before sibilants and certain consonant clusters)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/,(before a voiceless consonant)/s/

Preposition

z(with instrumental)

1. with

   Stej bratšzesotšu.

   They are brother and sister

   (literally, “brotherwithsister”)

Malay

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Malayalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Maltese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/t͡s/,/d͡z/
• Simplezis almost always/t͡s/.Geminatedzzis also predominantly voiceless, but intervocalically it may represent/dd͡z/,notably in the verbal suffix-izza.

Letter

z(upper caseZ)

1. The thirtiethletterof the Maltesealphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)ittra;Aa,Bb,Ċċ,Dd,Ee,Ff,Ġġ,Gg,Għgħ,Hh,Ħħ,Ii,Ieie,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Żż,Zz

Norwegian

Pronunciation

• (letter name):IPA^(key):/set/,/sɛt/
• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/s/,/ʃ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

z

1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Norwegianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

• Not used in Norwegian, only appears in loanwords from e.g. Slavic.
• Used interchangeably with s in Internet slang and informal writing.

Nupe

Pronunciation

• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-ninthletterof the Nupealphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)banki;Aa(Áá,Àà),Bb,Cc,Dd,Dzdz,Ee(Éé,Èè),Ff,Gg,Gbgb,Hh,Ii(Íí,Ìì),Jj,Kk,Kpkp,Ll,Mm(Ḿḿ,M̀m̀,M̄m̄),Nn(Ńń,Ǹǹ,N̄n̄),Oo(Óó,Òò),Pp,Rr,Ss,Shsh,Tt,Tsts,Uu(Úú,Ùù),Vv,Ww,Yy,Zz,Zhzh

Old Czech

Alternative forms

• ze

Etymology

InheritedfromProto-Slavic*jьz,fromProto-Indo-European*h₁eǵʰs.

Preposition

z

1. from,out of[withgenitive]

Descendants

• Czech:z

References

• Jan Gebauer(1903–1916) “z”,inSlovník staročeský(in Czech), Prague:Česká grafická společnost "unie",Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/,/s/

Etymology 1

InheritedfromProto-Slavic*jьz.First attested in the 14th century.

Preposition

z[withgenitive]

1. denotesdelativemovement;off of
2. denoteselativemovement;out of
3. denotes duration;since
4. denotes a change of state;from
5. denotes the composition of an item;from,out of,of
6. denotes origin or cause;because of,from
7. with a noun, denotes manner;by means of,from

Preposition

z[withaccusative]

1. denotesdelativemovement;off of

Preposition

z[withaccusative]

1. denotesdelativemovement;off of

Particle

z

1. approximately,about

Alternative forms

• s,se,ze

Descendants

• Polish:z
• Silesian:z

Etymology 2

InheritedfromProto-Slavic*sъ(n).First attested in the 14th century.

Preposition

z[withinstrumental]

1. denotescomitativeorsociativerelation;with,alongside
2. denotesinstrumentalrelation;with,by means of
3. denotes origin or cause;because of,from

Alternative forms

• s,se,ze

Descendants

• Polish:z
• Silesian:z

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur,Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “z”,inSłownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego[Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków:IJP PAN,→ISBN

Polish

Etymology 1

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See thehistory of Polish orthographyarticle on Wikipedia for more, andzfor development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈzɛt/

Letter

z(upper caseZ,lower case)

1. The thirtiethletterof the Polishalphabet,calledzetand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ąą,Bb,Cc,Ćć,Dd,Ee,Ęę,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Łł,Mm,Nn,Ńń,Oo,Óó,Pp(Qq),Rr,Ss,Śś,Tt,Uu(Vv),Ww(Xx),Yy,Zz,Źź,Żż

Etymology 2

InheritedfromOld Polishz,fromProto-Slavic*jьz.

Alternative forms

• ze
• s(obsolete)[19th c.]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-z
• Syllabification:z
• Homophones:s-,z-

Preposition

z[withgenitive]

1. denotesdelativemovement;off of

   Jesteśzprzodu czyztyłu?―Are youatthe front oratthe back?

2. denotes duration;since
3. denotes a change of state;from
4. denotes origin or cause;because of,from
5. denoteselativemovement;out of

   JestemzPolski.―I'mfromPoland.

   jedenzdziesięciu―oneout often

6. denotes the composition of an item;from,out of,of

   motykazdrewna―a hoemade ofwood

Particle

z

1. (colloquial)approximately,about,around,ish,or so

   Synonyms:mniej więcej,około

   Mamzpięć jabłek―I have fiveishapples.

Etymology 3

InheritedfromOld Polishz,fromProto-Slavic*sъ(n).

Alternative forms

• ze
• s(obsolete)[19th c.]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-z
• Syllabification:z
• Homophones:s-,z-

Preposition

z[withinstrumental]

1. denotescomitativeorsociativerelation;with,alongside

   Antonym:bez

2. denotesinstrumentalrelation;with,by means of

   Podróżujezprędkością światła!―It's travellingatthe speed of light?

Usage notes

• The preposition or particle generally changes tozewhen the pronunciation of the two consecutive words becomes problematic. Some dictionaries claim that this rule applies to words starting with one of the following consonants:s,z,ś,ź,ż,rz,szthat are followed by another consonant.Examples include:

  Ten pręt jestzżelaza.―This rod is made of iron.

  Ten pręt jestzestali.―This rod is made of steel.

  PochodzęzFrancji.―I come from France.

  PochodzęzeSzwecji.―I come from Sweden.

• The formzeis used also beforemnie,mną,and forms ofwszystko.

• Bothzandzecan be used beforesobą.

Trivia

According toSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej(1990),zis one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1744 times in scientific texts, 1828 times in news, 1527 times in essays, 1920 times in fiction, and 1291 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 8310 times, making it the 7th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Further reading

• zinWielki słownik języka polskiego,Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• zin Polish dictionaries at PWN
• “Z”,inElektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku[Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century],20.02.2014
• Samuel Bogumił Linde(1807–1814) “z”,inSłownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz(1861) “z”,inSłownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz,A. Kryński,W. Niedźwiedzki,editors (1927), “z”,inSłownik języka polskiego(in Polish), volume 8, Warsaw, page 1

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil)IPA^(key):(letter name)/ˈze/

• (Portugal)IPA^(key):(letter name)/ˈze/

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Portuguesealphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)letra;Aa(Áá,Àà,Ââ,Ãã),Bb,Cc(Çç),Dd,Ee(Éé,Êê),Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii(Íí),Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo(Óó,Ôô,Õõ),Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu(Úú),Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Romani

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. (International Standard)The thirtiethletterof the Romanialphabet,written in theLatin script.
2. (Pan-Vlax)The thirty-firstletterof the Romanialphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Xx,Ii,Jj,Kk,Khkh,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Phph,Rr,Ss,Tt,Thth,Uu,Vv,ZzInternational Standard:(Àà,Ää,Ǎǎ),Ćć,Ćhćh,(Èè,Ëë,Ěě), (Ìì,Ïï,Ǐǐ), (Òò,Öö,Ǒǒ),Rrrr,Śś,(Ùù,Üü,Ǔǔ),Źź,Ʒʒ,Qq,Çç,ϴθ.Pan-Vlax:Čč,Čhčh,Dždž,(Dźdź),Řř,Šš,(Śś),Žž,(Źź).

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The thirty-firstletterof the Romanianalphabet,calledze,zet,zed,orzîand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ăă,Ââ,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Îî,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Șș,Tt,Țț,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Sani

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z̊³³/

Noun

z

1. water

References

• Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area,volumes 26-27 (2003, Department of Linguistics, University of California), page 74
• Huang Bufan (editor), Xu Shouchun, Chen Jiaying, Wan Huiyin,A Tibeto-Burman Lexicon(1992; Central Minorities University, Beijing) (hasz̊³³)

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• Z(uppercase)

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/z/

Preposition

z(Cyrillic spellingз)

1. (Kajkavian,Chakavian,Croatia)(+instrumental case)with
   • 1501,Marko Marulić,Judita:

     požgat su pritili sela naša stane,
     ženezdicom htili vest u svoje strane,
     inim dati rane, svih smrtno sikući;

     (pleaseadd an English translationof this quotation)

   • 1622,Ivan Gundulić,Suze sina razmetnoga:

     od svjetlosti zrak otvori,
     i ostaše razlučene,
     zbielim danom noćne sjene:

     (pleaseadd an English translationof this quotation)

   • 1927,Dragutin Domjanić,Kaj:

     I srce mi greje
     Izmenom se smeje
     I v žalosti plače takaj.

     (pleaseadd an English translationof this quotation)

2. (Kajkavian)(+genitive case)from,out of
   • 1927,Dragutin Domjanić,Kaj vrt si senja:

     Oblaček po nebu
     Si stiha putuje,
     Aztrave još samo
     Šćurica se čuje.

     (pleaseadd an English translationof this quotation)

Synonyms

• iz,s,sa,š

Letter

z(Cyrillic spellingз)

1. The 29th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded byvand followed byž.

Seri

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ʃ/

Etymology 1

Letter

z(upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-thirdletterof the Serialphabet,calledsetaand written in theLatin script.

Etymology 2

Article

z

1. Pre-vocalic form ofzo(“a, an”)

References

• Moser, Mary B.,Marlett, Stephen A. (2010)Comcaac quih yaza quih hant ihiip hac: cmiique iitom - cocsar iitom - maricaana iitom[Seri-Spanish-English Dictionary], 2nd edition, Hermosillo: Plaza y Valdés Editores,→ISBN,page609.

Silesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/,IPA^(key):/zɨ/
• Syllabification:z

Etymology 1

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See theSilesian languagearticle on Wikipedia for more, andzfor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The thirty-secondletterof the Silesianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ãã,Bb,Cc,Ćć,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Łł,Mm,Nn,Ńń,Oo,Ŏŏ,Ōō,Ôô,Õõ,Pp,Rr,Ss,Śś,Tt,Uu,Ww,Yy,Zz,Źź,Żż

Etymology 2

InheritedfromOld Polishz.

Preposition

z[withgenitive]

1. denotes a point in space or time from which movement or an action starts;from

   Antonym:do

2. denotes a material from which something is made;from,out of,madeof

Alternative forms

• ze,ś,zy,s

Etymology 3

InheritedfromOld Polishz.

Preposition

z[withinstrumental]

1. denotes that something is a component;with

   Antonym:bez

2. denotes that something is the contents of a container;with

   Antonym:bez

3. denotescomitativeorsociativerelation;with,alongside

   Antonym:bez

4. denotes conditions or environment in which something occurs;with

   Antonym:bez

Alternative forms

• ze,ś,zy,s

Further reading

• zin silling.org

Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

z(upper caseZ)

1. The thirty-thirdletterof the Skolt Samialphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)bukva;Aa,Ââ,Bb,Cc,Čč,Ʒʒ,Ǯǯ,Dd,Đđ,Ee,Ff,Gg,Ǧǧ,Ǥǥ,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ǩǩ,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ŋŋ,Oo,Õõ,Pp,Rr,Ss,Šš,Tt,Uu,Vv,Zz,Žž,Åå,Ää,ʹ

Slovak

Alternative forms

• zo

Etymology

InheritedfromProto-Slavic*jьz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

Preposition

z(+ genitive)

1. from

Further reading

• “z”,inSlovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV[Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak),https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk,2024

Slovene

Etymology 1

SeeTranslingual section.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

Letter

z

1. The twenty-fourthletterof the Slovenealphabet,written in theLatin script.
2. The thirty-fourthletterof the Slovenealphabet(Resian), written in theLatin script.
3. The twenty-fifthletterof the Slovenealphabet(Natisone Valley dialect), written in theLatin script.

Etymology 2

FromProto-Slavic*sъ(n),fromProto-Indo-European*ḱom.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/z/

Preposition

z

1. (with instrumental)with,by means of,using
2. (with instrumental)(together) with, in the company of
3. (with genitive)from

Alternative forms

• s(before a voiceless consonant)

Further reading

• “z”,inSlovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU,portal Fran
• “z”,inTermania,Amebis
• See also thegeneral references

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):(phoneme)/s/,/θ/
• IPA^(key):(letter name,Spain)/ˈθeta/[ˈθe.t̪a]
• IPA^(key):(letter name,Latin America, Philippines)/ˈseta/[ˈse.t̪a]

  • Audio(Spain):

    (file)

  • Rhymes:-eta

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-seventhletterof the Spanishalphabet,calledzetaand written in theLatin script.

Swedish

Pronunciation

Letter name

• IPA^(key):/ˈsɛ̂ːˌta/

Phoneme

• IPA^(key):/s/
  • Homophones:c(before front vowels),s

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Swedishalphabet,calledsätaorzätaand written in theLatin script.

Tagalog

Etymology

BorrowedfromSpanishz.Each pronunciation has a different source:

• Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced byEnglishz.
• Abecedario pronunciation is fromSpanishz.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key):/ˈzi/[ˈzi](letter name, Filipino alphabet)
    • IPA^(key):(more native-sounding)/ˈsi/[ˈsi](letter name, Filipino alphabet)
    • Rhymes:-i
  • IPA^(key):/ˈzeta/[ˈzɛː.t̪ɐ](letter name, Abecedario)
    • IPA^(key):(more native-sounding)/ˈseta/[ˈsɛː.t̪ɐ](letter name, Abecedario)
    • Rhymes:-eta
  • IPA^(key):/z/[z](phoneme)
    • IPA^(key):(more native-sounding)/s/[s](phoneme)

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ,Baybayin spellingᜐᜒ)

1. The twenty-eighthletterof the Tagalogalphabet(theFilipino alphabet), calledziand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

• This letter is mostly used only in proper nouns, unadapted loanwords, or Spanish-based spellings.
• Some purists of Tagalog replacezin words withs.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)titik;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ññ,Ngng,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ,Baybayin spellingᜐᜒᜆ)

1. (historical)The twenty-eighthletterof the Tagalogalphabet(theAbecedario), calledzetaand written in theLatin script.

Further reading

• “z”,inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph,Manila,2018

Turkish

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-ninthletterof the Turkishalphabet,calledzeand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)harf;Aa(Ââ),Bb,Cc,Çç,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Ğğ,Hh,Iı,İi(Îî),Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Öö,Pp,Rr,Ss,Şş,Tt,Uu(Ûû),Üü,Vv,Yy,Zz

Turkmen

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/ð/,/z/

Letter

z(upper caseZ)

1. The thirtiethletterof the Turkmenalphabet,calledzeand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)harp;Aa,Bb,Çç,Dd,Ee,Ää,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Žž,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ňň,Oo,Öö,Pp,Rr,Ss,Şş,Tt,Uu,Üü,Ww,Yy,Ýý,Zz

Zulu

Letter

z(lower case,upper caseZ)

1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Zulualphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz