tan

See also:Appendix:Variations of "tan"

Languages (37)

Translingual•English

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Ainu•Breton•Catalan•Chuukese•Cornish•French•Fula•Galician•Haitian Creole•Hungarian•Iban•Japanese•Javanese•Jingpho•Mandarin•Middle Irish•Old English•Old French•Old Irish•Old Javanese•Old Occitan•Old Swedish•Pipil•Polish•Somali•Spanish•Sranan Tongo•Swedish•Turkish•Vietnamese•Welsh•Wolof•Yámana•Yogad•Zay

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Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

tan

1. (trigonometry)Thetrigonometric functiontangent.

Usage notes

The symboltanis prescribed by the ISO 80000-2:2019 standard. The symboltg,traditionally preferred in Eastern Europe and Russia, is explicitly deprecated by ISO 80000-2:2019.

Alternative forms

• tg

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/tæn/

• Audio(Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes:-æn

Etymology 1

Borrowed fromFrenchtan(“tanbark”),fromGaulish*tannos(“green oak”)– compareBretontann(“red oak”),Old Cornishtannen–, fromProto-Celtic*tannos(“green oak”),of uncertain origin, but perhaps fromProto-Indo-European*(s)dʰonu(“fir”).Per this hypothesis, related toHittite[script needed](tanau,“fir”),Latinfemur,genitivefeminis(“thigh”),GermanTann(“woods”),Tanne(“fir”),Albanianthanë(“cranberry bush”),Ancient Greekθάμνος(thámnos,“thicket”),Avestan𐬚𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆(θanuuar^ə),Sanskritधनु(dhánu).

Noun

tan(pluraltans)

1. Alight,brown-likecolour.

   tan:

2. Adarkeningof theskinresulting fromexposuretosunlightor similarlight sources.

   She still has atanfrom her vacation in Mexico.

   I'm hoping to get atanthis weekend at the beach.

3. Thebarkof anoakor othertreefrom whichtannic acidis obtained.
   • 1848,John Hannett,Bibliopegia, or, The Art of Bookbinding in all its branches,page65:

     In two pints of water boil one ounce oftan,and a like portion of nutgall till reduced to a pint.

Derived terms

• catch a tan
• farmer's tan
• flowers of tan
• gyle tan
• permatan
• spray tan
• suntan
• tan balls
• tanbark
• tan bed
• tan heat
• tan line
• tan liquor
• tannist
• tan ride
• tan track
• truck driver's tan

Translations

colour

• Bulgarian:жълтокафяв(žǎltokafjav)
• Catalan:bronze(ca)m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin:Nâu nhạt sắc(zōnghuáng sắc),Màu cọ nâu(zōnghè sắc)

• Dutch:gebruinde kleurf
• Finnish:kellanruskea(fi)
• Galician:torradom
• Hungarian:sárgásbarna(hu)
• Indonesian:sawo matang(id)
• Irish:crónm
• Korean:갈색( màu nâu )(ko)(galsaek)
• Latvian:dzeltenbrūna krāsaf
• Lithuanian:gelsvai ruda
• Navajo:dinilgai
• Portuguese:pardo(pt)m
• Russian:бе́жевый (цве́т)(ru)m(béževyj (cvét))
• Sicilian:bronzum
• Spanish:bronce(es)m,tostado(es)
• Vietnamese:nâu tanin
• Welsh:melynddum

darkening of skin

• Armenian:արեւայրուք(hy)(arewayrukʻ)
• Bulgarian:загар(bg)m(zagar),тен(bg)m(ten)
• Catalan:bronzat(ca)m,colramentm,embrunimentm
• Chinese:

  Mandarin:Phơi thành màu nâu／Phơi thành màu nâu(shàichénghè sắc),Phơi hắc／Phơi hắc(zh)(shàihēi)

• Czech:opálenín
• Danish:solbrændt
• Dutch:bruinen(nl),bronzen(nl)
• Finnish:rusketus(fi)
• French:bronzage(fr)m,hâle(fr)m
• Galician:bronceadom,bronceadaf
• German:Bräune(de)f,Sonnenbräune(de)f
• Hungarian:lebarnulás(hu),lesülés(hu),napbarnítottság
• Italian:abbronzatura(it)f
• Japanese:Ngày に thiêu ける(ひにやける, hiniyakeru)
• Latvian:iedegumsm
• Lithuanian:įdegti
• Polish:opalenizna(pl)f
• Portuguese:bronzeado(pt)m
• Romagnol:abrunẓadùraf
• Romanian:bronz(ro)n,bronzare(ro)f
• Russian:зага́р(ru)m(zagár)
• Serbo-Croatian:put(sh)f
• Sicilian:abbrunzaturaf
• Slovak:opálenie
• Spanish:bronceado(es)m,tostado(es),moreno(es)
• Swedish:solbränna(sv)c,bränna(sv)c(colloquial)
• Ukrainian:засма́гаf(zasmáha),сма́гаf(smáha),смага́f(smahá),зага́рm(zahár)
• Welsh:lliw haul(cy)m

bark of tree

• Bulgarian:танинm(tanin)
• Catalan:escorça(ca)f
• Finnish:parkki(fi)
• French:tan(fr)m
• Hungarian:cser(hu)
• Ido:tano(io)
• Italian:corteccia(it)f
• Latvian:miecmizasfpl
• Sicilian:scorcia(scn)m
• Spanish:cortezaderoble;corteza tánica
• Welsh:rhisgl mâlm,barcm

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• German:^{(pleaseverify)}Bräune(de)f
• Romanian:^{(pleaseverify)}bronz(ro)n

Adjective

tan(comparativetanner,superlativetannest)

1. Yellowish-brown.

   Mine is the white car parked next to thetanpickup truck.

2. Having darkskinas a result of exposure to thesunor an artificial process intended to mimic this effect.

   Synonyms:suntanned,tanned

   You’re looking verytanthis week.

Derived terms

• black and tan

Translations

colour

• Arabic:حِنْطِيّ(ḥinṭiyy),قَمْحِيُّ اللَّوْن(qamḥiyyu l-lawn)
• Bulgarian:жълтокафявm(žǎltokafjav)
• Catalan:bronze(ca)m,colratm,torrat(ca)m
• German:hellbraun(de),loh(de),lohfarben(de)
• Hungarian:sárgásbarna(hu)
• Indonesian:sawo matang(id)
• Irish:crón,buí(ga)
• Latvian:dzeltenbrūns
• Persian:خرمائی روشن(xormâ'i-ye rušan)
• Romanian:cafeniu(ro)
• Spanish:bronce(es)m,tostado(es)
• Turkish:bronz(tr),taba rengi
• Welsh:melynddu

dark skin

• Bulgarian:загорял(bg)(zagorjal)
• Catalan:bru(ca)m,bronzat(ca)m,colratm
• Dutch:gebruind(nl),gebruinde(nl)
• Finnish:ruskettunut(fi)
• French:hâlé(fr),bronzé(fr)
• German:braun(de),sonnengebräunt(de)
• Hungarian:barna(hu),lebarnult,bronzszínű(hu)
• Indonesian:sawo matang(id)
• Italian:abbronzato(it)m
• Korean:탄(ko)(tan)
• Persian:برنزه(phát)(bronze)
• Polish:opalony(pl)m
• Portuguese:bronzeado(pt)
• Romanian:bronzat(ro)
• Russian:загоре́лый(ru)m(zagorélyj)
• Slovak:opálený
• Spanish:bronceado (por el sol)(es),tostado(es),moreno(es),trigueño(es)
• Swedish:solbränd(sv)
• Welsh:brown(cy)

Etymology 2

As a verb, fromMiddle Englishtannen,from lateOld Englishtannian(“to tan a hide”),fromLatintannare.

Verb

tan(third-person singular simple presenttans,present participletanning,simple past and past participletanned)

1. (transitive,intransitive)To change to a tan colour due to exposure to the sun.

   No matter how long I stay out in the sun, I nevertan,though I do burn.

2. (transitive,stative)To change ananimalhideintoleatherby soaking it intannic acid.To work as a tanner.
3. (transitive,informal)Tospankorbeat.
   • 1876,Mark Twain,chapter 3, inThe Adventures of Tom Sawyer:

     "Well, go 'long and play; but mind you get back some time in a week, or I'lltanyou. "

Derived terms

• Black and Tan
• spray-tan
• tanbark
• tanner
• tannery
• tanoak
• tan out
• tan someone's hide
• tan up

Related terms

• tannic acid
• tannin
• tawny

Translations

to become tan due to exposure to sun

• Bulgarian:загарям(bg)(zagarjam)
• Catalan:bronzar(ca),embrunir(ca),colrar(ca),torrar(ca)
• Czech:zhnědnout,opálit se
• Danish: blivebrun(da)
• Dutch:bruinen(nl)
• Esperanto:bruniĝi,sunbruniĝi
• Finnish:ruskettua(fi)
• French:bronzer(fr)
• Galician:broncear(gl)
• German:bräunen;in der Sonnebaden
• Greek:μαυρίζω(el)(mavrízo)
• Hungarian:lebarnul(hu),lesül(hu)
• Ido:bruneskar(io),bronzizar(io)
• Italian:abbronzarsi(it)
• Japanese:Ngày thiêu けする(hiyake-suru),Ngày に thiêu ける(hiniyakeru)
• Korean:타다(ko)(tada),그을다(geueulda)
• Latvian:iedegt
• Norwegian:sole(no),brune
• Polish:opalać się(pl)impf,opalić się(pl)pf
• Portuguese:bronzear(pt)
• Romanian:sebronza
• Russian:загора́ть(ru)impf(zagorátʹ),загоре́ть(ru)pf(zagorétʹ)
• Slovak:opáliť sa,opaľovať sa
• Spanish:broncearse(es)
• Swedish:sola(sv)
• Turkish:yanmak(tr),bronzlaşmak(tr)
• Walloon:håler(wa),rayi(wa),bruni(wa),bronzer(wa)
• Welsh:cael lliw haul,troi'n frown

to turn animal hide into leather

• Arabic:دَبَغَ(dabaḡa)
• Basque:larru jo
• Bulgarian:щавя(štavja)
• Catalan:assaonar(ca),adobar(ca)
• Czech:činit(cs),vyčinit,vydělávat(cs),vydělat(cs)
• Danish:garve(da)
• Dutch:looien(nl),leerlooien(nl),tanen(nl)
• Esperanto:tani(eo)
• Finnish:parkita(fi)
• French:tanner(fr)
• Galician:curtir
• German:gerben(de),walken(de)
• Greek:αργάζω(el)(argázo)
• Hungarian:cserez(hu)
• Icelandic:súta,garfa
• Ido:tanagar(io)
• Irish:cart
• Italian:conciare(it)
• Korean:무두질하다(mudujilhada)
• Latvian:miecēt
• Luxembourgish:gierwen
• Malay:samak(ms)
• Maori:whakarongoā
• Persian:دباغی(phát)(dabbâği)
• Polish:garbować(pl)
• Portuguese:curtir(pt)
• Romanian:tăbăci(ro),argăsi(ro)
• Russian:дуби́ть(ru)impf(dubítʹ),вы́дубить(ru)pf(výdubitʹ)
• Slovene:strojitiimpf
• Spanish:curtir(es)
• Swedish:garva(sv)
• Turkish:tabaklamak(tr),sepilemek(tr)
• Ukrainian:дуби́тиpf(dubýty)
• Walloon:taener(wa)
• Welsh:trin(cy),barcio,cyffeithio(cy)
• Yiddish:גאַרבן(garbn)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Dutch:^{(pleaseverify)}zonnebaden(nl)

See also

• Appendix:Colors

Etymology 3

From aBrythoniclanguage; influenced in form byyan(“one”)in the same series.

Numeral

tan

1. (dialect,rare)The secondcardinal numbertwo,formerly used in Celtic areas, especially Cumbria and parts of Yorkshire, for counting sheep, and stitches in knitting.

Etymology 4

Borrowed fromArmenianթան(tʻan).

Noun

tan

2. AnArmeniandrink made ofyoghurtand water similar toairananddoogh

Translations

Armenian drink

• Armenian:թան(hy)(tʻan)
• Cappadocian Greek:τάνι(táni)
• Laz:თანი(tani)
• Russian:тан(ru)(tan)
• Ukrainian:тан(tan)

Etymology 5

BorrowedfromCantoneseGánh／Gánh(daam3).

Noun

tan(usuallyuncountable,pluraltans)

1. Synonym ofpicul,particularly in Cantonese contexts.

Etymology 6

FromMiddle English*tan,fromOld Englishtān(“twig, shoot, switch”),fromProto-West Germanic*tain,fromProto-Germanic*tainaz(“rod, twig, straw, lot”).

Noun

tan(pluraltans)

2. (dialectal)Atwigor smallswitch.

Related terms

• mistletoe

Etymology 7

It may either be a figurative use of the usual verbtan(“to cause to acquire a brownish colour”)or aJamaican Creolepronunciation ofturn,comparebun(“to kill particularly by gunshot”).

Verb

tan(third-person singular simple presenttans,present participletanning,simple past and past participletanned)

1. (transitive,MLE,slang)Tokillbygun,toshoot.
   • 2019September 29, Moscow17 (lyrics and music), “All For The Cause” ‎^[1]:

     Step on the wing, see an opp and I'll whack it
     Do it like Super Savage
     Who's the yute I Jet-Li-rise that dots andtanhim (whoosh)
     Rise that dots and tan him

See also

• on the ran tan
• sar tan se juda

Anagrams

• TNA,a'n't,ant,Ant.,Ant,an't,NTA,Nat,ant.,NAT,ATN,nat,ANT,-ant,ant-,Nat.

Ainu

Alternative forms

• taan

Etymology

Fromta(“this”)+‎an(“is”),literally“this being”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[tan]

Determiner

tan(Kana spellingタン,pluraltanokay)

1. (demonstrative)this

Derived terms

• tanpe(“this”)
• tanto(“today”)

See also

Ainu demonstrative adjectives

Ainu demonstrative adjectives

pronoun	number
	singular	plural
this	tan,taan	tanokay,taokay,taoka(Saru)
that	neyan,neya,nea(Saru)	neyokay,nerok
that (distal)	toan	tonokay,tookay,tooka(Saru)

Notes

Breton

Etymology

FromMiddle Bretontan,fromOld Bretontan,fromProto-Brythonic*tan,fromProto-Celtic*teɸnets(“fire”)(compareOld Irishteine,Welshtân).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈtãːn/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

tanm(pluraltanioù)

1. fire

Inflection

Mutation oftan

Breton consonant mutation
	unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard
singular	tan	dan	zan	unchanged
plural	tanioù	danioù	zanioù	unchanged

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):(Central,Balearic,Valencia)[ˈtan]
• Rhymes:-an

Adverb

tan

1. so,such
2. (in comparisons,tan...com)as... as

Derived terms

• tan bon punt

Related terms

• tant(“so much, so many”)

Further reading

• “tan”inDiccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició,Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Chuukese

Noun

tan

1. dream

Cornish

Etymology

FromMiddle Cornishtan,fromOld Cornishtan,fromProto-Brythonic*tan,fromProto-Celtic*teɸnets(“fire”)(compareOld Irishteine,Welshtân).

Noun

tanm(pluraltanow)

1. fire

Mutation

Mutation oftan

Cornish consonant mutation
unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed	mixed after 'th
tan	dan	than	unchanged	unchanged	unchanged

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/tɑ̃/

• Audio(Paris):

  (file)

• Homophones:tans,tant,taon,temps

Etymology 1

FromLatintannum(“oak bark”),fromGaulish*tannos(“oak”),fromProto-Celtic*tannos(“green oak”).

Noun

tanm(pluraltans)

1. pulpedoakbarkused in thetanningprocess (i.e. of tanning leather)

Derived terms

• tanin

Further reading

• “tan”,inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.

Etymology 2

Blendofton+‎ta.

Determiner

tann(singular,pluraltes)

1. (gender-neutral,neologism)your

Related terms

French possessive determiners

			Possessee
			singular		plural
			m	f
Possessor	singular	1st	mon1	ma	mes
		2nd	ton1	ta	tes
		3rd	son1	sa	ses
	plural	1st	notre		nos
		2nd	votre2		vos2
		3rd	leur		leurs

¹Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel ormute h.

²Also used as the polite singular form.

For the singular persons there are gender-neutral neologismsman,tan,san.These are extremely rare.

See also

• iel
• man
• san

Fula

Alternative forms

• tun(Pular)

Etymology

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

tan

1. only

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties ofFula(Fulfulde/Pulaar/Pular). (howevertunis more common in Pular of Futa Jalon)

Adverb

tan

1. only

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties ofFula(Fulfulde/Pulaar/Pular). (howevertunis more common in Pular of Futa Jalon)

References

• M.O. Diodi,Dictionnaire bilingue fulfuldé-français, français-fulfuldé,Niger(?), 1994.
• M. Niang,Pulaar-English English-Pulaar Standard Dictionary,New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997.
• D. Osborn, D. Dwyer, and J. Donohoe,A Fulfulde (Maasina)-English-French Lexicon: A Root-Based Compilation Drawn from Extant Sources Followed by English-Fulfulde and French-Fulfulde Listings,East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1993.
• F.W. de St. Croix and the Centre for the Study of Nigerian Languages, Bayero University,Fulfulde-English Dictionary,Kano: The Centre, 1998.
• F.W. Taylor,Fulani-English Dictionary,Oxford University Press, 1932. (New York:Hippocrene Books, 2005)

Galician

Etymology

InheritedfromLatintam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈtaŋ/[ˈt̪ɑŋ]
• Rhymes:-aŋ

Adverb

tan

1. so,as(in comparisons)

Usage notes

• Usually paired withcomoandcoma,astan[…]como/coma

Haitian Creole

Etymology

FromFrenchtemps(“time, weather”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/tã/

Noun

tan

1. time
2. weather

Hungarian

Etymology

Back-formationfromtanít,tanul,etc. Created during theHungarian language reform,which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[ˈtɒn]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation:tan
• Rhymes:-ɒn

Noun

tan(pluraltanok)

1. doctrine,lore
2. scienceof,theory,branchofinstruction
3. (as a suffix in compounds)-logy,-ology,-graphy(a branch of learning; a study of a particular subject)

   Synonym:tudomány

4. (as a prefix in compounds)educational,academic

   Synonym:tanulmányi

Declension

Inflection (stem in-o-,back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	tan	tanok
accusative	tant	tanokat
dative	tannak	tanoknak
instrumental	tannal	tanokkal
causal-final	tanért	tanokért
translative	tanná	tanokká
terminative	tanig	tanokig
essive-formal	tanként	tanokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	tanban	tanokban
superessive	tanon	tanokon
adessive	tannál	tanoknál
illative	tanba	tanokba
sublative	tanra	tanokra
allative	tanhoz	tanokhoz
elative	tanból	tanokból
delative	tanról	tanokról
ablative	tantól	tanoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	tané	tanoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	tanéi	tanokéi

Possessive formsoftan
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	tanom	tanaim
2nd person sing.	tanod	tanaid
3rd person sing.	tana	tanai
1st person plural	tanunk	tanaink
2nd person plural	tanotok	tanaitok
3rd person plural	tanuk	tanaik

Derived terms

• tanár

Compound words with this term at the beginning

• tananyag
• tanbetyár
• tancsapat
• tandíj
• tanerő
• taneszköz→taneszköz-ellátottság
• tanév
• tanfelügyelő→tanfelügyelőség,tanfelügyelet
• tanférfiú
• tanfolyam
• tangazdaság
• tanintézmény
• tankerület
• tanköltemény
• tankönyv
• tanköteles
• tanmenet
• tanmese
• tanműhely
• tanosztály
• tanóra
• tanrend
• tanrepülés
• tanszabadság
• tanszemélyzet
• tanszer
• tanszék
• tantárgy
• tanterem
• tanterv
• tantestület
• tantétel
• tanuszoda

Compound words with this term at the end

• alaktan
• alkotmánytan
• aránytan
• államtan
• állatorvostan
• állattan
• áramlástan
• ásványtan
• barlangtan
• belvíztan
• beszédhangtan
• bonctan
• bölcsészettan
• címertan
• csonttan
• egészségtan
• elektromosságtan
• ellenponttan
• embertan
• erkölcstan
• erőműtan
• esettan
• éghajlattan
• élettan
• éremtan
• fejlődéstan
• fénytan
• földrengéstan
• földtan
• függvénytan
• gazdaságtan
• géptan
• gombatan
• gyógyszertan,gyógyszerhatástan
• gyógytan
• hangtan
• háromszögtan
• háztartástan
• hittan
• hőtan
• hullámtan
• ideatan
• idegkórtan
• időjárástan
• illemtan
• járványtan
• jelentéstan
• kategóriatan
• kommunikációtan
• kórtan,kóroktan
• költészettan
• környezettan
• közegészségtan
• közgazdaságtan
• közigazgatástan
• kőzettan
• kristálytan
• leszármazástan
• légkörtan
• lélektan
• madártan
• mágnességtan
• mennyiségtan
• méregtan
• mértan
• mondattan
• mozgástan
• módszertan
• művelettan
• neurontan
• neveléstan
• nevezéktan
• névtan
• növénytan
• nyelvjárástan
• nyelvtan
• oklevéltan
• orvostan
• örökléstan
• összhangzattan
• őslénytan
• rendszertan
• régiségtan
• rovartan
• rugalmasságtan
• sejttan
• számtan
• származástan
• széptan
• szintagmatan
• szóalaktan
• szófajtan
• szókincstan
• szónoklattan
• szótan
• szótártan
• szövegtan
• szövettan
• talajtan
• táplálkozástan
• teremtéstan
• tereptan
• természettan
• testtan
• tévtan
• típustan
• tőtan
• tünettan
• üdvtan
• üzemtan
• űrtan
• vallástan
• vegytan
• verstan
• világgazdaságtan
• villamosságtan
• vízműtan
• víztan
• zeneszerzéstan
• zsigertan

Further reading

• taninBárczi, GézaandLászló Országh.A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára( “The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.:ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN

Iban

Etymology

FromProto-Malayic*tahən,fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*taqan(“to hold back”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/tan/

Adjective

tan

1. resistant(not easily damaged)
2. perseverant
3. undamaged
4. invincible
5. detained

Verb

tan

1. toarrest;todetain
2. toholdon someone
3. tostopsomething/someone

Derived terms

• betan
• ditanka
• nan
• nanka
• ngenan
• ngenanka
• ngetan
• ngetanka
• penan

Japanese

Romanization

tan

1. Rōmajitranscription ofたん

Entry: tan

Javanese

Romanization

tan

1. Romanization ofꦠꦤ꧀

Jingpho

Etymology

Borrowed fromBurmeseတန်း(tan:).

Noun

tan

1. class

References

• Kurabe, Keita (2016 December 31) “Phonology of Burmese loanwords in Jinghpaw”, inKyoto University Linguistic Research‎^[2],volume35,→DOI,→ISSN,pages91–128

Mandarin

Romanization

tan

1. Nonstandardspelling oftān.
2. Nonstandardspelling oftán.
3. Nonstandardspelling oftǎn.
4. Nonstandardspelling oftàn.

Usage notes

• Transcriptionsof Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the criticaltonaldifferences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle Irish

Etymology

FromOld Irishtan,fromProto-Celtic*tanā(“(point in) time”),fromProto-Indo-European*tn̥néh₂,from*ten-(“to stretch”).

Noun

tanf

1. (point in)time

Derived terms

• in tan(“when”)
• in tan sin(“then”)

Descendants

• Irish:tan

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tan, tain”,ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old English

Etymology

FromProto-West Germanic*tain.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/tɑːn/

Noun

tānm

1. twig,branch

Declension

Declension oftān(strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	tān	tānas
accusative	tān	tānas
genitive	tānes	tāna
dative	tāne	tānum

Derived terms

• tānhlyta,tānhlytere(“diviner”,literally“twig-lot-caster”)
• misteltān(“mistletoe”)
• wuldortān(“glory-twig”)

Old French

Etymology

FromGaulish*tannos(attested in the place namesTannetumandTannogilum), fromProto-Celtic*tannos(“green oak”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈtãn/

Noun

tanoblique singular,m(oblique pluraltans,nominative singulartans,nominative pluraltan)

1. pulpedoakbarkused in thetanningprocess (i.e. of tanning leather)

Old Irish

Etymology

FromProto-Celtic*tanā(“(point in) time”),fromProto-Indo-European*tn̥néh₂,from*ten-(“to stretch”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/tan/

Noun

tanf

1. (point in)time

Declension

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	tanL	tainL	tanaH
Vocative	tanL	tainL	tanaH
Accusative	tainN	tainL	tanaH
Genitive	taineH	tanL	tanN
Dative	tainL	tanaib	tanaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H= triggers aspiration L= triggers lenition N= triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• in tan(“when”)

Descendants

• Middle Irish:tan
  • Irish:tan

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tan, tain”,ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Javanese

Etymology

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/tan/
• Hyphenation:tan

Adverb

tan

1. not

Adjective

tan

1. not

Alternative forms

• tad
• tag
• tak
• tar
• tat

Derived terms

• takam

Descendants

• >Javanese:ꦠꦤ꧀(tan)(inherited)

Further reading

• "tan" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson,Old Javanese-English Dictionary.'s-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Old Occitan

Alternative forms

• tant

Etymology

FromLatintantus.

Adverb

tan

1. such;so much; to such and extent

Adjective

tan

1. such;so much

References

• Walther von Wartburg(1928–2002) “tantus”, inFranzösisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch,volumes13: T–Ti,page85

Old Swedish

Etymology

FromOld Norsetǫnn,fromProto-Germanic*tanþs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/tan/

Noun

tanf

1. tooth

Declension

Declension oftan(consonant stem)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	tan	tannin	tænder	tændrina(r),-rena(r)
accusative	tan	tannina,-ena	tænder	tændrina(r),-rena(r)
dative	tan, tanne	tanninni,-inne	tannum,-om	tannumin,-omen
genitive	tanna(r)	inna(r)	tanna	tannanna

Descendants

• Swedish:tand

Pipil

Etymology

CompareClassical Nahuatltlantli(“tooth, teeth”).

Noun

-tan(plural-tajtan)

1. tooth
2. (in theplural)dentition

Further reading

• Campbell, L. (1985).The Pipil Language of El Salvador.Mouton De Gruyter.
• Lara-Martínez, R., McCallister, R.Glosario cultural náwat pipil y nicarao.

Polish

Etymology

Back-formationfromtaniec.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/tan/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-an
• Syllabification:tan

Noun

tanminan

1. (archaic,humorous,usually in theplural)dance

   Synonym:taniec

Declension

Declension oftan

	singular	plural
nominative	tan	tany
genitive	tanu	tanów
dative	tanowi	tanom
accusative	tan	tany
instrumental	tanem	tanami
locative	tanie	tanach
vocative	tanie	tany

Derived terms

verbs

• iść w tanyimpf
• pójść w tanypf

Related terms

adjectives

• tancerski
• taneczny

nouns

• tancbuda
• tancerz

verbs

• tańcowaćimpf
• tańczyćimpf

Further reading

• taninWielki słownik języka polskiego,Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• tanin Polish dictionaries at PWN

Somali

Determiner

tan

1. this(feminine)

Spanish

Etymology

InheritedfromLatintam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈtan/[ˈt̪ãn]
• Rhymes:-an
• Syllabification:tan

Adverb

tan

1. so,as

   Erestanricocomote sientes.

   You areasrichasyou feel.

Usage notes

Usually paired withcomo:tan[…]como(“as[…]as”)or withque:tan[…]que(“so[…]that”).

Determiner

tan

1. such,such a

   ¡Ese tipo estanpatán!

   That guy issuch ajerk!

Derived terms

• si tan siquiera
• tan pronto

Further reading

• “tan”,inDiccionario de la lengua española,Vigésima tercera edición,Real Academia Española,2014

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

FromEnglishstand.

Verb

tan

1. tostay,toreside
2. to stay, toremainin a state

Swedish

Verb

tan

1. (archaic or dialectal)second-personpluralimperativeofta

Turkish

Etymology

FromOttoman Turkishطاڭ(taŋ),fromCommon Turkic*taŋ.

Noun

tan(definite accusativetanı,pluraltanlar)

1. dawn,twilight

   O gecetanyeri ağırana kadar selâmettir.―On that night, there is peace tilltwilight.

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	tan
Definite accusative	tanı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	tan	tanlar
Definite accusative	tanı	tanları
Dative	tana	tanlara
Locative	tanda	tanlarda
Ablative	tandan	tanlardan
Genitive	tanın	tanların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular tanım tanlarım 2nd singular tanın tanların 3rd singular tanı tanları 1st plural tanımız tanlarımız 2nd plural tanınız tanlarınız 3rd plural tanları tanları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular tanımı tanlarımı 2nd singular tanını tanlarını 3rd singular tanını tanlarını 1st plural tanımızı tanlarımızı 2nd plural tanınızı tanlarınızı 3rd plural tanlarını tanlarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular tanıma tanlarıma 2nd singular tanına tanlarına 3rd singular tanına tanlarına 1st plural tanımıza tanlarımıza 2nd plural tanınıza tanlarınıza 3rd plural tanlarına tanlarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular tanımda tanlarımda 2nd singular tanında tanlarında 3rd singular tanında tanlarında 1st plural tanımızda tanlarımızda 2nd plural tanınızda tanlarınızda 3rd plural tanlarında tanlarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular tanımdan tanlarımdan 2nd singular tanından tanlarından 3rd singular tanından tanlarından 1st plural tanımızdan tanlarımızdan 2nd plural tanınızdan tanlarınızdan 3rd plural tanlarından tanlarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular tanımın tanlarımın 2nd singular tanının tanlarının 3rd singular tanının tanlarının 1st plural tanımızın tanlarımızın 2nd plural tanınızın tanlarınızın 3rd plural tanlarının tanlarının

Synonyms

• seher
• şafak

Vietnamese

Etymology

Non-Sino-VietnamesereadingofChineseTán(SV:tán,tản).

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội)IPA^(key):[taːn˧˧]
• (Huế)IPA^(key):[taːŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon)IPA^(key):[taːŋ˧˧]

Verb

tan•(Tán,San,Tán,㪚)

1. tomelt
2. todissolve,dissipate

Derived terms

Derived terms

• tan biến
• tan chảy
• tan hoang
• tan nát
• tan tác
• tan tành
• tan vỡ
• vỡ tan

References

• Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat",WinVNKey(details)

Welsh

Alternative forms

• (under):dan,o dan

Etymology

FromMiddle Welshtan,fromProto-Brythonic*tan,fromProto-Celtic*tanai,dative of*tanā,fromProto-Indo-European*tn̥néh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/tan/
• Rhymes:-an

Preposition

tan(triggerssoft mutationon a following noun)

1. until
2. (literary)under
3. while

Usage notes

In literary Welsh,tancan mean both "under" and "until". In Welsh usage today, however,dan(originally the soft mutation oftan) has become a preposition in its own right with the meaning "under" whereastanmeans "until", retaining the meaning "under" in certain expressions, compound words and place names. Moderndanortanare not usually mutated.o danis an alternative todan.

Inflection

Personal forms (literary)

	Singular	Plural
First person	tanof	tanom
Second person	tanot	tanoch
Third person	tanom tanif	tanynt

See also

• tân

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
tan	dan	nhan	than
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tan”,inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online(in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Wolof

Noun

tan(definite formtanmi)

1. vulture

Yámana

Noun

tan

1. earth,soil,dust,ground

Yogad

Adverb

tan

1. more;-er

Zay

Etymology

Cognate toSilt'e[script needed](tan).

Noun

tan

1. smoke(from a fire)

References

• Initial SLLE Survey of the Zway Areaby Klaus Wedekind and Charlotte Wedekind