Phật

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See also:PhậtandPhật
PhậtU+4F5B,佛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F5B
←Dật
[U+4F5A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs Làm→
[U+4F5C]

Translingual

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Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character

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Phật(Kangxi radical9,Người+5, 7 strokes,cangjie inputNgười trung trung cung(OLLN),four-corner25227,composition⿰NhânPhất)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary:page 99,character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 517
  • Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 140, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4F5B

Chinese

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simp.andtrad.
 Phật
alternative forms
Phật
𰁰
㚕
Yểu
𠑵
Phật
𰁰
㚕
Yểu
𠑵
𠇛
𦤲
Wikipediahas articles on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the characterPhật
Shuowen Jiezi(compiled inHan) Liushutong(compiled inMing)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
s05732
Transcribed ancient scripts
L26012
L26013
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears'Chinese Etymology site(authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi(small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian(bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong(Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian(oracle bone script).
Characters in the samephonetic series(Phất)(Zhengzhang, 2003)
Old Chinese
鄪 *prɯds
Phí *prɯds, *pʰɯds, *bɯds
Phất *pads
Phí *pɯds
Phi *pɯds
Phất *pɯds, *pʰɯd
Phất *pʰɯds, *pɯd, *pʰɯd
昲 *pʰɯds
靅 *pʰɯds
Phí *buds
Phật *bɯds, *bɯd
胇 *brɯd
Phật *bɯːd, *pʰɯd
Phất *pɯd
Phất *pɯd
柫 *pɯd
笰 *pɯd
Phất *pʰɯd
Phất *pʰɯd, *bɯd
Phật *pʰɯd
Phật *bɯd
Phó *bɯd
Phất *bɯd
炥 *bɯd

Phono-semanticcompound (Hình thanh／Hình thanh,OC*bɯd): semanticNhân+ phoneticPhất(OC*pɯd).

Etymology 1

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Ji (1998v7)considers it likely borrowed fromIranian(compareSogdian𐼾𐼴𐽂𐼷(pwty),𐫁𐫇𐫤𐫏(bwty/⁠Pute, Bute, βute⁠/),Middle Persian[Book Pahlavi needed](bwt'),𐫁𐫇𐫤(bwt/⁠But⁠/),Parthian𐫁𐫇𐫎(bwṯ/⁠But, Butt⁠/)), ultimately fromSanskritबुद्ध(buddha,“awakened, enlightened”,past passive participle),whence alsoPhật đà(MCbjut da), but the Chinese morphemePhậtis not a direct contraction or clipping of the latter.

Pronunciation

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Note:fiit6 - used in some compounds, e.g.Phật thủ,Phật bảy.
Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
    • pu̍t - vernacular;
    • hu̍t - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location Phật
Mandarin Beijing /fo³⁵/
Harbin /fɤ²⁴/
Tianjin /fo⁴⁵/
Jinan /fə⁴²/
Qingdao /fu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /fu⁴²/
Xi'an /fo²⁴/
Xining /fɔ²⁴/
Yinchuan /fu¹³/
/fuə⁵³/
Lanzhou /fə⁵³/
Ürümqi /fɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /fu²¹³/
Chengdu /fu³¹/
/fəu³¹/
Guiyang /fu²¹/
Kunming /fu³¹/
Nanjing /fuʔ⁵/
Hefei /fəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /fəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /xuʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /fɤ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /vəʔ¹/
Suzhou /vəʔ³/
Hangzhou /vəʔ²/
Wenzhou /vai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /fu²²/
Tunxi /fə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /fu²⁴/
Xiangtan /ɸu⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /fɨʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /fut̚⁵/
Taoyuan /fut̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐt̚²/
Nanning /fɐt̚²²/
Hong Kong /fɐt̚²/
Min Xiamen(Hokkien) /hut̚⁵/
/put̚⁵/
Fuzhou(Eastern Min) /huʔ⁵/
Jian'ou(Northern Min) /xo⁴⁴/
/xu²⁴/
Shantou(Teochew) /huk̚⁵/
Haikou(Hainanese) /ʔbut̚³/
Rime
Character Phật
Reading # 1/1
Initial(Thanh) Cũng(3)
Final(Vận) Vật(60)
Tone(Điều) Checked (Ø)
Openness(Khép mở) Closed
Division(Chờ) III
Fanqie PhùPhấtThiết
Baxter bjut
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bɨut̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/biut̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/biuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/but̚/
Li
Rong 		/biuət̚/
Wang
Li 		/bĭuət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯uət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fat6
Baxter–Sagartsystem 1.1 (2014)
Character Phật
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fú
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bjut ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[b][u]t/
English great

Notesfor Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhangsystem (2003)
Character Phật
Reading # 1/1
No. 3324
Phonetic
component 		Phất
Rime
group 		Vật
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		Phật
Old
Chinese 		/*bɯd/

Definitions

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Phật

  1. (Buddhism)Buddha;The Enlightened One
    PhậtĐà―fótuó― Buddha
    PhậtGiáo―fójiào― Buddhism
  2. (Buddhism)statueofBuddha
  3. (by extension)Buddhistscriptures
  4. (by extension)Buddhism;Buddhistdoctrines
Synonyms
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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic(Phật):

Others:

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions ofPhật– seePhật.
(This character is the simplified and variant traditional form ofPhật).
Notes:

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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Phật

  1. †Alternative form ofPhất(fú,“togo against;tobecontraryto”)

Compounds

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Etymology 4

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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Phật

  1. †Alternative form ofBật(bì,“toassist”)
  2. asurname

Etymology 5

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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Phật

  1. †Alternative form ofBột(bó,“prosperous,thriving”)

Etymology 6

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Dialectal pronunciation ofPhục(fú). Popularized by the streamerSun Xiaochuan.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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Phật

  1. (Mainland China,Internetslang)Alternative form ofPhục(“You win”)

References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

Phật

Kyūjitai

Phật

Kanji

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Phật

(Jinmeiyō kanji,kyūjitaikanji,shinjitaiformPhật)

  1. Kyūjitaiform ofPhật

Readings

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Definitions

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For pronunciation and definitions ofPhật– see the following entry.
【Phật】5
[kanji]fifth grade kanji
(This term,Phật,is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

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Etymology

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FromMiddle ChinesePhật(MCbjut).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun,1448 뿌ᇙ〮(Yale:ppwúlq)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe,1527[2] 부텨(Yale:Pwùthyè) 불〮(Yale:pwúl)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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KoreanWikisourcehas texts containing thehanja:

Wikisource

Phật(eumhun부처불(bucheo bul))

  1. hanjaform?of불(“Buddha”)
  2. hanjaform?of불(“France(in compounds, in news media)”)

Compounds

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Compounds

Proper noun

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Hanjain this term
Phật

Phật•(Bul) (hangeul불)

  1. (in news headlines)Short forPhật(불)Lan(란)Tây(서)(Bullanseo,“France”).

Usage notes

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A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in theHanjaform, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of anyHanja.

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 ( quốc tế lui khê học được đại khâu khánh bắc chi bộ )(2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary,전자사전／ điện tử từ điển.[3]

Old Japanese

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Etymology

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Most likely fromProto-Koreanic*Pwutukye(“Buddha”).

Noun

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Phật(poto₂ke₂) (kanaほとけ)

  1. (Buddhism)acarving,image,statue,or otherlikenessof abuddha
    • c.759,Man’yōshū,book 16,poem 3841:
      PhậtTạo chân chu không đủ giảThủy đìnhTrì điền nãiA từngTa mũi thượng chăng xuyên lễ
      poto2ke2tukuru ma-so2po tarazupa mi1du tamaru Ike2da no2aso2ga pana no2upe2wo pore
      For theBuddha statue,you lack enough vermilion―so there is the puddle of Lord “Pond Field” Ikeda, dig in that big red nose.[1]

Descendants

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References

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  1. ^Jin'ichi Konishi (2017) Aileen Gatten, Nicholas Teele, transl., Earl Roy Miner, editor,A History of Japanese Literature, Volume 1: The Archaic and Ancient Ages(Volume 4935 of Princeton Legacy Library), Princeton University Press,→ISBN,page415

Vietnamese

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Han character

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Phật:Hán Việtreadings:phật(Phù(phù)Chớ(vật)Thiết(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5],phất[3]
Phật:Nômreadings:phật[1][2][3][4][6]

  1. chữ Hánform ofPhật(“Buddha,theEnlightened One”).
  2. chữ Hánform ofPhật(“Buddhism”).

Compounds

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References

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  1. ↑1.01.1Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑2.02.1Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑3.03.13.2Trần (2004).
  4. ↑4.04.1Bonet (1899).
  5. ^Génibrel (1898).
  6. ^Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

Zhuang

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Noun

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Phật

  1. Sawndipform ofbaed(“Buddha; shrine; spirit; god”)
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