Di
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]Di(Kangxi radical37,Đại+3, 6 strokes,cangjie inputĐại cung(KN) orKhó đại cung(XKN),four-corner50032,composition⿻ĐạiCung)
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary:page 249,character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5852
- Dae Jaweon: page 509, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 527, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5937
Chinese
[edit]| simp.andtrad. |
Di | |
|---|---|---|
| 2nd round simp. | ⿻ phu ㇆ | |
| ⿻ phu ㇆- 1981 | ||
Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the characterDi | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi(compiled inHan) | Liushutong(compiled inMing) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Originally ideogrammic compound (Hiểu ý／Hiểu ý):Thỉ(“arrow”)+[Term?](“rope”). Later forms ideogrammic compound (Hiểu ý／Hiểu ý):Đại(“person; big”)+Cung(“bow”).
Etymology
[edit]According to Yuè Juè Shū ( càng tuyệt thư ),Di(OC*lil) is also theYueword for "sea"(1).Therefore,Schuessler (2007)proposes anAustroasiaticorigin; compareProto-Mon-Khmer*d(n)liʔ(“large river, sea”)(whenceKhmerទន្លេ(tŭənlei,“large river”)andKuythlèː(“sea”)). Meanwhile, Schuessler associates similarHmongforms likeChuanqiandian Cluster Miaotl̥e(“river”)(<Proto-Hmong-Mien*gle) to*Khê(OC*kʰeː) "creek, rivulet, rill" instead.
In contrast, Ferlus (2009) reconstructs di 's Old Chinese pronunciation as [lɨ] and connects di toProto-Kra-Dai*k-ri:(“Kra-Dai endonym”)(whenceThaiไท(tai,“"Tai endonym"”)andHlaiHlai(“"Hlai endonym"”)). However, Ferlus concedes that such a derivation of di from*k-ri:"remains speculative, [...] not as firmly established as for Hlai and Tai/Thai".
Meanwhile,Laurent Sagart(2008) instead suggested that the Yi languages were ancestral toAustronesian languagesand formed a sister-group toSino-Tibetan,probably related toProto-Austronesian*i₃(“personal article”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin:ㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin:yí
- Wade–Giles:i2
- Yale:yí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh:yi
- Palladius:и(i)
- SinologicalIPA(key):/i³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping:ji4
- Yale:yìh
- Cantonese Pinyin:ji4
- Guangdong Romanization:yi4
- SinologicalIPA(key):/jiː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian,incl.Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yì
- Hakka Romanization System:iˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim:yi2
- SinologicalIPA:/i¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian,incl.Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yì
- Hakka Romanization System:(r)iˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim:yi2
- SinologicalIPA:/(j)i¹¹/
- (Northern Sixian,incl.Miaoli)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized:ǐ
- SinologicalIPA(key):/i²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- thâi - vernacular;
- î - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im:i5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:î
- SinologicalIPA(key):/i⁵⁵/
- Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
- Wugniu:6yi
- MiniDict:yiĐi
- Wiktionary Romanisation(Shanghai):3hhi
- SinologicalIPA(Shanghai):/ɦi²³/
- (Northern:Song gian g,Chongming,Suzhou,Changzhou,Jia xing,Tongxiang,Haining,Haiyan,Hangzhou,Shao xing,Ningbo)
- Wugniu:2yi
- MiniDict:yiBình
- SinologicalIPA(Song gian g):/ɦi³¹/
- SinologicalIPA(Chongming):/ɦi²⁴/
- SinologicalIPA(Suzhou):/ɦi²²³/
- SinologicalIPA(Changzhou):/ɦi¹³/
- SinologicalIPA(Jia xing):/ɦi³¹/
- SinologicalIPA(Tongxiang):/ɦi²²/
- SinologicalIPA(Haining):/ɦi¹¹³/
- SinologicalIPA(Haiyan):/ɦi³¹/
- SinologicalIPA(Hangzhou):/ɦi²³/
- SinologicalIPA(Shao xing):/ɦi²³¹/
- SinologicalIPA(Ningbo):/ɦi³¹³/
- (Northern:Shanghai)
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | Di |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /i³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /i²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /i⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /i⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /i⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /i⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /i²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /ji²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /i⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /i⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /i⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /i²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /i³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /i²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /i³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /i²⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /zz̩⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /i¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /i¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /i³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦi²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ɦi¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɦi²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ji³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /i⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /i⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /i¹³/ |
| Xiangtan | /i¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /i⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /i¹¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʒï¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ji²¹/ |
| Nanning | /ji²¹/ | |
| Hong Kong | /ji²¹/ | |
| Min | Xiamen(Hokkien) | /i³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou(Eastern Min) | /i⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou(Northern Min) | /i²¹/ | |
| Shantou(Teochew) | /i⁵⁵/ | |
| Haikou(Hainanese) | /zi³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese:yij
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart):/*ləj/
- (Zhengzhang):/*lil/
Definitions
[edit]Di
- anancienttribeineasternChina
- barbarian;foreigners
- tolevel;toraze
- flat;level;smooth
- toeradicate;toobliterate
- someone of the samegeneration
- happy;joyous(Can we add anexamplefor this sense?)
- 23rdtetragramof theTaixuanjing;"ease"(𝌜)
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms ofNgười nước ngoài( “foreigner” )[map]
Compounds
[edit]- Không di
- Không di không huệ
- Lấy di phạt di
- Lấy di chế di
- Lấy di trị di
- Bá Di
- Bá Di thúc tề／Bá Di thúc tề
- Bá Di phụ
- Ưu bà di／Ưu bà di(yōupóyí)
- Băng di(Bīngyí)
- Suy bại(língyí)
- Sang di／Sang di
- Hóa hiểm vi di／Hóa hiểm vi di(huà xiǎn wéi yí)
- Không thể tưởng tượng(fěiyísuǒsī)
- Nam di
- Tham di／Tham di
- Đường di
- Bốn di(sìyí)
- Đều di tác dụng
- Thản di
- Hawaii
- Bang Hawaii
- Di tam tộc
- Di thế
- Di chín tộc
- Di người(yírén)
- Di chờ
- Di kiên chí／Di kiên chí
- Di cấu
- San bằng(yípíng)
- Di duyên
- Di duyệt／Di duyệt(yíyuè)
- Di huệ
- Di du(yíyú)
- Di dịch／Di dịch
- Di lục
- Di dễ
- Di muội
- Di phục
- Di bàn(yípán)
- Di ca
- Di diệt／Di diệt
- Di mạn
- San thành bình địa／San thành bình địa(yíwéipíngdì)
- Di địch(yídí)
- Di hãy còn／Di hãy còn
- Di từ
- Di sưu
- Di bạch
- Di giản／Di giản
- Di khâm
- Di Lăng(Yílíng)
- Di hiểm／Di hiểm
- Di hiểm một tiết／Di hiểm một tiết
- Di mĩ
- Di tề／Di tề
- Nữ di
- Tôn hoàng nhương di(zūnwángrǎngyí)
- Không sợ nguy hiểm／Không sợ nguy hiểm
- Đảo di／Đảo di(dǎoyí)
- Ngu di
- Hi di
- Bình di
- Bãi di／Bãi di(Bǎiyí)
- Nhương di(rǎngyí)
- Tân di
- Minh di(míngyí)
- Côn di
- Đông di／Đông di(Dōngyí)
- Vũ Di Sơn(Wǔyíshān)
- Hủy tông di tộc／Hủy tông di tộc
- Dân di
- Giang Tả di ngô
- Sóng la di／Sóng la di(bōluóyí)
- Hoài di
- Lăng di／Suy bại(língyí)
- Hỗn di
- Vô di／Vô di
- Bom cháy／Bom cháy
- Hãy còn di／Hãy còn di(yóuyù)
- Dùng hạ biến di／Dùng hạ biến di
- Quyến di
- Phiên di
- Coi hiểm như di／Coi hiểm như di(shìxiǎnrúyí)
- Coi hiểm nếu di／Coi hiểm nếu di(shìxiǎnruòyí)
- Trừ bỏ(shānyí)
- Man di／Man di(mányí)
- Man di nhung địch／Man di nhung địch(mányí róngdí)
- Duệ di(yìyí)
- Tây Nam di(Xīnányí)
- Thù di／Thù di
- Phó hiểm như di／Phó hiểm như di
- Mộc lan(xīnyí)
- Khinh thường(bǐyí)
- Xấu di／Xấu di
- Suy bại(língyí)
- Phùng di／Phùng di(Féngyí)
- Điểu di／Điểu di
- Si di／Si di
References
[edit]- “Di”,inHán ngữ nhiều công năng tự kho(Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1],Hong Kong tiếng Trung đại học(theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Di
Readings
[edit]- Go-on:い(i)
- Kan-on:い(i)
- Kun:えびす(ebisu,Di);ころす(korosu,Di す);たいらげる(tairageru,Di らげる)←たひらげる(tafirageru,Di らげる,historical)
- Nanori:ひな(hina);ひら(hira)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanjiin this term |
|---|
| Di |
| えびす Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
⟨emi1si⟩→ */emʲisɨ/→/emisə/→/ebisu/
Shift fromOld JapaneseTôm di(Emishi),modernEzo.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- (historical)Synonym ofTôm di(Ezo):anancientethnic groupattested in theNihon Shokithat once lived on what is now theKantō,HokurikuandTōhoku regions,likely as far asHokkaido,possibly related to theAinu people;dubbed "barbarians"or"savages"by theYamato.
- apersonlivingfar awayfrom theĐều(miyako,“capital”),loosely translated to "bumpkin"or"hick"
- Synonym:Điền xá giả(inakamono)
- (regional,derogatory)abarbarian,savage,especiallyreferring to theĐông di(azuma-ebisu,“warriorfrom theeasternparts of Japan”)
- 1204,Akishino Gesseishū(book 1, poem 223)
- わがおもふNgườiだにすまばみち の く のえびすのもうときも の かは
- waga omou hito dani sumaba Michinoku noebisuno sato utoki mono ka wa
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- わがおもふNgườiだにすまばみち の く のえびすのもうときも の かは
- 1204,Akishino Gesseishū(book 1, poem 223)
- (by extension,derogatory)aforeigner
Derived terms
[edit]- ĐôngDi(azuma-ebisu)
Proper noun
[edit]- asurname
- alternative spelling ofHuệ so cần(Ebisu),aShintogod
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanjiin this term |
|---|
| Di |
| い Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi |
/ji/→/i/
FromMiddle ChineseDi(MCyij), originally referred to one of theancienttribeseastofChina.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- thosepeoplewithdifferinglanguagesand/orcultures
- Synonym:Dị dân tộc(iminzoku)
- abarbarian,savage;uncivilizedpeople(living to the east of ancient Imperial China; included Japan)
- Synonym:Dã man người(yabanjin)
- aneutral(position)
- Synonym:Vô sắc(mushoku)
Derived terms
[edit]- ChinhDi(seī)
Idioms
[edit]- DiをLấyてDiをChếす(i o motte i o seisu)
References
[edit]- ↑1.01.1Matsumura, Akira,editor (2006),Đại từ lâm[Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]FromMiddle ChineseDi(MCyij). Recorded asMiddle Korean이(i)(Yale:i) inHunmong Jahoe(Huấn mông tự sẽ / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]
Di(eumhun오랑캐이(orangkae i))
Di(eumhun평평할이(pyeongpyeonghal i))
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 ( quốc tế lui khê học được đại khâu khánh bắc chi bộ )(2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary,전자사전／ điện tử từ điển.[2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]Di:Hán Nômreadings:dì,dai,di,gì,rợ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation,then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading たひ・らげる
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひな
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひら
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