Nhung

See also:Giới

Nhung U+620E,戎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-620E ←Thú [U+620D] CJK Unified Ideographs Diễn→ [U+620F]

Translingual

Han character

Nhung(Kangxi radical62,Qua+2, 6 strokes,cangjie inputQua mười(IJ),four-corner5340₀,composition⿹Qua𠂇(GHTJK) or⿻MậuMột(V))

Derived characters

• 𠈋,𠲦,𡊸,Tung,㣝,𢫨,𣴛,Nhung,㭜,Nhung,𤇽,𮁱,𥅯,𥑳,䄾,䘬,𫂽,Nhung(Nhung),Nhung,𦕧,𧊕,Tặc(Tặc),𧻪,𨀻,𨠤,𨱿,𬫍,𣉝,駥,𩶺,𪀚,𢦛,Nhung,𥬪,𫻸,䯷,𪀵

References

• Kangxi Dictionary:page 411,character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11539
• Dae Jaweon: page 752, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1397, character 8
• Unihan data for U+620E

Chinese

simp.andtrad.		Nhung
alternative forms		𢦦ancient form 𢍻historical form found in hán khổng trụ bia 𫻳ancient form in Bronze inscription

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the characterNhung
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi(compiled inHan)	Liushutong(compiled inMing)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the samephonetic series(Nhung)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
Tung	*snuŋ
Nhung	*njuŋ
Nhung	*njuŋ
駥	*njuŋ
Nhung	*njuŋ
Nhung	*njuŋ

Ideogrammic compound (Hiểu ý／Hiểu ý):Thuẫn(“shield”)+Qua(“halberd; weapons”)– weaponry, arms.

Etymology

“you”

FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*na-ŋ(“you”).

“bellicose, warlike”

Goldin (2011)proposes that the "pseudo-ethnonym" senseNhung(róng) was derived from "bellicose".

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin):róng(rong²)

  (Zhuyin):ㄖㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese(Jyutping):jung⁴
• Hakka(Sixian,PFS):yùng
• Eastern Min(BUC):ṳ̀ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien,POJ):liông/jiông

  (Teochew,Peng'im):rong⁵

• Wu(Northern,Wugniu):⁶gnion;⁶zon /²zon

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin:róng
    • Zhuyin:ㄖㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin:róng
    • Wade–Giles:jung²
    • Yale:rúng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh:rong
    • Palladius:жун(žun)
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/ʐʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping:jung⁴
    • Yale:yùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin:jung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization:yung⁴
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/jʊŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian,incl.Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yùng
    • Hakka Romanization System:iungˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim:yung²
    • SinologicalIPA:/i̯uŋ¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian,incl.Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yùng
    • Hakka Romanization System:(r)iungˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim:yung²
    • SinologicalIPA:/(j)i̯uŋ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê:ṳ̀ng
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/yŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī:liông
    • Tâi-lô:liông
    • Phofsit Daibuun:lioong
    • IPA(Xiamen,Quanzhou):/liɔŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien:Zhangzhou,GeneralTaiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī:jiông
    • Tâi-lô:jiông
    • Phofsit Daibuun:jioong
    • IPA(Kaohsiung):/ziɔŋ²³/
    • IPA(Zhangzhou):/d͡ziɔŋ¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im:rong⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:jông
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/d͡zoŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern:Shanghai)
    • Wugniu:⁶gnion;⁶zon
    • MiniDict:nyon^Đi;zon^Đi
    • Wiktionary Romanisation(Shanghai):³nyion;³zon
    • SinologicalIPA(Shanghai):/n̠ʲioŋ²³/,/zoŋ²³/
  • (Northern:Suzhou)
    • Wugniu:²zon
    • MiniDict:zon^Bình
    • SinologicalIPA(Suzhou):/zoŋ²²³/

Note:

• gnion - vernacular;
• zon - literary.

---

• Middle Chinese:nyuwng

Rime
Character	Nhung
Reading #	1/1
Initial(Thanh)	Ngày(38)
Final(Vận)	Đông(2)
Tone(Điều)	Level (Ø)
Openness(Khép mở)	Open
Division(Chờ)	III
Fanqie	NhưDungThiết
Baxter	nyuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵuwŋ/
Li Rong	/ȵiuŋ/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	róng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jung4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart):/*nuŋ/

  (Zhengzhang):/*njuŋ/

Baxter–Sagartsystem 1.1 (2014)
Character	Nhung	Nhung
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	róng	róng
Middle Chinese	‹ nyuwng ›	‹ nyuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*nuŋ/	/*nuŋ/
English	foreigners in the west	weapon
Notesfor Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhangsystem (2003)
Character	Nhung
Reading #	1/1
No.	10849
Phonetic component	Nhung
Rime group	Chung
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	Nhung
Old Chinese	/*njuŋ/

Definitions

Nhung

1. (literary)arms;armaments

   • LàNguyệtCũng,Thiên tửNãiGiáoVớiĐi săn,LấyTậpNămNhung,BanMãChính.[Classical Chinese,trad.]
     LàNguyệtCũng,Thiên tửNãiGiáoVớiĐi săn,LấyTậpNămNhung,BanMãChính.[Classical Chinese,simp.]

     From:TheBook of Rites,c.4^th– 2^ndcenturyBCE

     Shì yuè yě, tiānzǐ nǎi jiào yú tiánliè, yǐ xí wǔróng,bān mǎ zhèng.[Pinyin]

     In this month the son of Heaven, by means of hunting, teaches how to use the fiveweapons of war,and the rules for the management of horses.

2. (literary)army;militaryaffairs

   Đầu bút từNhung／Đầu bút từNhung―tóubǐcóngróng― to cast aside the pen and join the army

   • QuốcChiĐại sự,ỞTựCùngNhung.[Classical Chinese,trad.]
     QuốcChiĐại sự,ỞTựCùngNhung.[Classical Chinese,simp.]

     From:Commentary of Zuo,c.4^thcenturyBCE,translated based onJames Legge's version

     Guó zhī dàshì, zài sì yǔróng.[Pinyin]

     The great affairs of the state are sacrifice andwarfare.

3. (obsolete)you

   • NhungTuyTiểu tử,MàThứcTo lớn.[Pre-Classical Chinese,trad.]
     NhungTuyTiểu tử,MàThứcTo lớn.[Pre-Classical Chinese,simp.]

     From:TheClassic of Poetry,c.11^th– 7^thcenturiesBCE,translated based onJames Legge's version

     Róngsuī xiǎozǐ, ér shì hóngdà.[Pinyin]

     Thoughyoumay be [but as] little children, your work is vast and great.

4. Used inNhung nhung(róngróng).
5. Used inMông nhung.
6. (historical)a general term for ethnic groups in the west of China

   See also:Tây Nhung

   • Này đâyTầnDùngNhungNgườiTừDưMàBáTrung Quốc,TềDùngCàngNgườiMôngMàCườngUy,Tuyên.[Classical Chinese,trad.]
     Này đâyTầnDùngNhungNgườiTừDưMàBáTrung Quốc,TềDùngCàngNgườiMôngMàCườngUy,Tuyên.[Classical Chinese,simp.]

     From:TheRecords of the Grand Historian,bySima Qian,c.91BCE

     Shìyǐ Qín yòngRóngrén Yóuyú ér bà Zhōngguó, Qí yòng Yuèrén Méng ér qiáng Wēi, Xuān.[Pinyin]

     So Qin used theRongman Youyu and established hegemony over the central states, Qi used the Yue man Meng and strengthened (kings)WeiandXuan.

7. asurname

Compounds

• Nguyên nhung
• Binh nhung(bīngróng)
• Tức nhung
• Cùng nhung
• Gia nhung(Jiāróng)
• Đại nhung
• Đại tổng nhung／Đại tổng nhung
• Nữ nhung
• Tiểu nhung
• Tòng quân／Tòng quân(cóngróng)
• Nhung sự
• Nhung binh
• Nhung gửi
• Nhung mạc
• Nhung nhung(róngróng)
• Nhung chiên
• Nhung phục
• Nhung cơ／Nhung cơ(róngjī)
• Nhung địch(róngdí)
• Nhung tác
• Quân lữ(róngháng)
• Nhung y(róngyī)
• Nhung trang／Nhung trang(róngzhuāng)
• Nhung xe／Nhung xe
• Đầu sỏ gây chiến
• Ngựa chiến／Ngựa chiến(róngmǎ)
• Ngựa chiến việc cấp bách／Ngựa chiến việc cấp bách(róngmǎkǒngzǒng)
• Ngựa chiến sinh giao／Ngựa chiến sinh giao
• Xếp bút nghiên theo việc binh đao／Xếp bút nghiên theo việc binh đao(tóubǐcóngróng)
• Trị nhung
• Khuyển nhung(Quǎnróng)
• Áo lông chồn mông nhung
• Huân nhung
• Vương nhung
• Tổng nhung／Tổng nhung
• Khương nhung
• Hưng nhung／Hưng nhung
• Mông nhung
• Man di nhung địch／Man di nhung địch(mányí róngdí)
• Tây Nhung(Xīróng)
• A nhung(āróng)
• Li nhung／Li nhung

References

• “Nhung”,inHán ngữ nhiều công năng tự kho(Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],Hong Kong tiếng Trung đại học(theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–

Japanese

Kanji

Nhung

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. warrior
2. arms
3. barbarian
4. Ainu

Readings

• On(unclassified):じゅう(jū)
• Kun:つわも の(tsuwamono,Nhung);えびす(ebisu,Nhung)

Proper noun

Nhung(えびす)•(Ebisu)

1. asurname
2. alternative spelling ofHuệ so cần(Ebisu),aShintogod

Korean

Etymology

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any” )

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul)IPA^(key):[juŋ]
• Phonetic hangul:[융]

Hanja

Wikisource

Nhung•(yung)(hangeul융,revisedyung,McCune–Reischaueryung,Yaleyung)

1. arms
2. armaments
3. military affair

Vietnamese

Han character

Nhung:Hán Nômreadings:nhung,nhỏng,nhong,xong,nhùng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation,then remove the text{{rfdef}}.