I

See also:ꟾandAppendix:Variations of "i"

I U+0049,I LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I ←H [U+0048] Basic Latin J→ [U+004A]

Character variations

Ⅰ U+2160,Ⅰ ROMAN NUMERAL ONE ←⅟ [U+215F] Number Forms Ⅱ→ [U+2161]

Ｉ U+FF29,Ｉ FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I ←Ｈ [U+FF28] Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms Ｊ→ [U+FF2A]

Languages (52)

Translingual•English

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Afar•Afrikaans•Angami•Azerbaijani•Basque•Cameroon Pidgin•Central Franconian•Chinese•Chipewyan•Danish•Dutch•Esperanto•Estonian•Finnish•French•German•Hungarian•Icelandic•Ido•Indonesian•Irish•Italian•Japanese•Kashubian•Latin•Latvian•Malay•Middle English•Norwegian Bokmål•Norwegian Nynorsk•Nupe•Polish•Portuguese•Romani•Romanian•Saanich•Scots•Scottish Gaelic•Silesian•Skolt Sami•Slovene•Somali•Spanish•Swedish•Tagalog•Turkish•Vietnamese•Welsh•Yoruba•Zulu

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Page categories

Translingual

Alternative forms

• (Roman numeral one):Ⅰ,i,ⅰ
• ("Cardinal number read ordinal", i.e. ordinal):I.

Etymology

From theEtruscanletter𐌉(i),from theAncient GreekletterΙ(I,iota),derived from thePhoenicianletter𐤉(y,yod),from theEgyptianhieroglyph𓂝.

Letter

I(lower casei)

1. The ninth letter of thebasic modern Latin Alpha bet.

I(lower caseı)

1. The letteriwithout adotabove, in both the upper case and the lower case versions.

See also

• (Latin script):AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSſsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz
• (Variations of letter I):ÍíÌìĬĭÎîǏǐÏïḮḯĨĩĮįĪīỈỉȈȉȊȋỊịḬḭƗɨɨ̆ᵻᶖİiIıɪＩｉfiffiIJijIJij
• (Letters withdot):ȦȧẠạẶặẬậǠǡḂḃḄḅĊċḊḋḌḍĖėẸẹḞḟĠġḢḣḤḥIiİiIıỊịḲḳḶḷṀṁṂṃṄṅṆṇȮȯỌọỢợṖṗṘṙṚṛṠṡṢṣẛṪṫṬṭỤụỰựṾṿẆẇẈẉẊẋẎẏỴỵŻżẒẓ

Symbol

I

1. (chemistry)Symbol foriodine.
2. (physics)Isotopicspin.
3. (license plate codes)Italy
4. (physics,electronics)Electricalcurrent.
5. (physics,kinematics)moment of inertia.
6. (biochemistry)IUPAC1-letter abbreviation forisoleucine
7. (mathematics,linear algebra)identity matrix
8. (mathematical analysis,topology)the (closed)unit interval;[0, 1]
9. (inorganic chemistry)Specifying an oxidation state of 1
10. (music)majortonictriad
11. (linguistics)Awildcardfor afrontvowel or ahighvowel

    synonyms:Efor a front vowel,Ɨfor a high vowel

12. (actuarial notation)arithmeticallyincreasingpayments
13. (clothing)Bracup size.

Numeral

I(upper case Roman numeral,lower casei)

1. cardinalnumberone.
2. (especially in the names of aristocracy)thefirst.

See also

• Next:II(2)

Gallery

• Letter styles
• 
  Uppercase and lowercase versions ofI,in normal and italic type
• 
  Uppercase and lowercaseIinFraktur

See also

Other representations of I:

NATO phonetic:India Morse code:·· Braille:⠊ ASL Manual:I

Signal flag:

Semaphore:

References

• “I”, inThe American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language,4th edition, Boston, Mass.:Houghton Mifflin,2000,→ISBN.
• “I”,inDictionary Unabridged,Dictionary, LLC,1995–present.

English

Pronunciation

• (letter name):enPR:ī,IPA^(key):/aɪ/
  • (General American)IPA^(key):[aj]
  • (Received Pronunciation)IPA^(key):[ɑj]
  • (Southern US)IPA^(key):[aː]
  • (General Australian,New Zealand)IPA^(key):[ɑe̯]
  • (Ireland)IPA^(key):/aɪ/
    • (Local Dublin)IPA^(key):/əɪ/,/ɐɪ/
      • (Working-class)IPA^(key):/oɪ/
    • (Ulster)IPA^(key):/ɛɪ/
  • (Canada)IPA^(key):/aɪ/
    • (Dialectal)IPA^(key):/ʌɪ/,[əj]

  • Audio(US):

    (file)

  • Audio(UK):

    (file)

• Rhymes:-aɪ
• Homophones:eye,aye,ay

Etymology 1

FromMiddle EnglishI(alsoik,ich), fromOld Englishih(alsoic,iċċ(“I”)), fromProto-West Germanic*ik,fromProto-Germanic*ik,*ek(“I”),fromProto-Indo-European*éǵh₂(“I”).

Cognate withScotsI,ik,A(“I”),Saterland Frisianiek(“I”),West Frisianik(“I”),Dutchik(“I”),Low Germanik(“I”),Germanich(“I”),Bavariani(“I”),Yiddishאיך(ikh,“I”),DanishandNorwegian Bokmåljeg(“I”),Norwegian Nynorskeg(“I”),Swedishjag(“I”),Icelandicég,eg(“I”),Gothic𐌹𐌺(ik,“I”),and more remotely withLatinego(“I”),Ancient Greekἐγώ(egṓ,“I”),Russianя(ja,“I”),Lithuanianaš(“I”),Armenianես(es,“I”),Sanskritअहम्(ahám,“I”),Hittite𒌑𒊌(ūk,“I”).See alsoEnglishich.DoubletofegoandIch.

Capitalized since 13th century to mark it as a distinct word and prevent misreading and omission (due to cursive writing).

Pronoun

I(first personsingularsubjectpersonal pronoun,objectiveme,possessivemy,possessive pronounmine,reflexivemyself)

1. Thespeakerorwriter,referredto as thegrammaticalsubject,of asentence.
   • 1590,Edmund Spenser,“Book III, Canto II”, inThe Faerie Queene.[…],London:[…][John Wolfe] forWilliam Ponsonbie,→OCLC,page414:

     […]It ill beſeemes a knight of gentle ſort, / Such as ye haue him boaſted, to beguyle / A ſimple maide, and worke ſo hainous tort, / In ſhame of knighthood, asIlargely can report.

   • 1854,Gustave Chouquet,Easy Conversations in French‎^[1],page 9:

     HereIam, sir.

     Audio:

     (file)

   • 2016,VOA Learning English(public domain)

     IknowIhave a pen, though…

     Audio(US):

     (file)

2. (nonstandard)Thespeakerorwriter,referredto as thegrammaticalobject,of asentence.

   Mom drove my sister andIto school.

   • c.1596–1598(date written),W[illiam] Shakespeare,The Excellent History of the Merchant of Venice.[…](First Quarto),[London]:[…]J[ames]Roberts[forThomas Heyes], published1600,→OCLC,[Act III, scene ii]:

     Sweet Baſſanio, My ſhips haue all miſcarried, my Creditors grow cruell, my eſtate is very low: my bond to the Iew is forfet, and ſince in paying it, it is impoſſible I ſhould liue, all debts are cleeredbetweene you andIif I might but ſee you at my death.

   • 1980,Bob Marley,Redemption Song

     Old pirates, yes, they robI
     SoldIto the merchant ships
     Minutes after they tookI
     From the bottomless pit.

   • 2014,“The Devil inI”,in.5: The Gray Chapter,performed bySlipknot:

     Step inside, see the Devil inI
     You'll realize I'm not your Devil anymore

Usage notes

• The wordIis always capitalised in written English. Other forms of the pronoun, such asmeandmy,follow regular English capitalisation rules.
• Iis the subject (nominative) form, as opposed tome,which is the objective (accusative and dative) form.Meis also used emphatically, like Frenchmoi.In some cases there are differing views about which is preferred. For example, the traditional rule followed by some speakers is to useIas the complement of the copula (It is I), but it is now more usual to choosemein this context (It's me).
• When used in lists, it is often thought better to refer to oneself last. Thus it is more natural to sayJohn and IthanI and John.In such lists, the traditional rule is to use the same case form one would choose if there were only one pronoun. Thus, since we sayI am happy,we sayJohn and I are happy,but since we sayJenny saw me,so we sayJenny saw John and me.However, one frequently hearsJohn and me are happy,which is traditionally seen as a case error. Similarly, probably as ahypercorrectedreaction to this, one can occasionally hear phrases likeJenny saw John and I.

Synonyms

• ich,ch
• my ass,m'ass(vulgar slang)
• muggins,yours truly
• Ah(phonetic spelling,African-American Vernacular English)

Derived terms

• as I live and breathe
• I can't lie
• I come in peace
• I do not know it
• I fuck you not
• I hardly even know her
• I hardly know her
• I kill you later
• I know it
• I like to see you try
• I never did
• I never miss
• in this essay I will
• I see it in someone's eyes
• I shit you not
• I swear
• lyrical I
• or should I say
• see if I care

Translations

SeeI/translations § Pronoun.

See also

English personal pronouns

Dialectal and obsolete or archaic forms are initalics.

			personal pronoun			possessive pronoun	possessive determiner
			subjective	objective	reflexive
first person	singular		I me(colloquial)	me	myself me mysen	mine	my mine(before vowels,archaic) me
	plural		we	us	ourselves ourself oursen	ours	our
second person	singular	standard, formal	you	you	yourself yoursen	yours yourn(obsolete outside dialects)	your
		archaic, informal	thou	thee	thyself theeself thysen	thine	thy thine(before vowels)
	plural	standard	you ye(archaic)	you	yourselves	yours yourn(obsolete outside dialects)	your
		colloquial	you all y'all you guys	you all y'all you guys	y'allselves	y'all's you guys' your guys'(proscribed)	y'all's your all's(nonstandard) you guys' your guys'(proscribed)
		informal/dialectal	(see list of dialectal forms atyouand inflected forms in those entries)
third person	singular	masculine	he	him	himself hisself(archaic) hissen	his hisn(obsolete outside dialects)	his
		feminine	she	her	herself hersen	hers hern(obsolete outside dialects)	her
		neuter	it hit	it hit	itself hitself	its his(archaic)	its his(archaic) hits
		genderless	they	them	themself,themselves	theirs	their
		genderless, nonspecific (formal)	one	one	oneself	–	one's
	plural		they	them hem,'em	themselves theirsen	theirs theirn(obsolete outside dialects)	their

Noun

I(countableanduncountable,pluralI's)

1. (metaphysics)Theego.

   Synonym:me

   • a.1733,Thomas Boston,edited by [Thomas Boston the younger],Sermons and Discourses on Several Important Subjects in Divinity.[…],volume I, Edinburgh:[…]William Gray,[…],published1753,page333:

     They are calledmen,becauſe each of them poſſeſſeth the whole man, though not wholly. There are by their means twoI’sin every believer,Rom.vii. 15.For that which I do,I allow not: for what I would,that do I not; but what I hate,that do I.There is not one part of the man that is in Chriſt, but grace has a part of it, and corruption has a part of it: as in the twilight there is light over all, and darkneſs over all too, the darkneſs being mixed in every part with the light. So my renewed part is I, a man having an underſtanding enlightened, a will renewed, affections ſpiritualized, uſing my body conform: but my unrenewed part is I too, having an underſtanding darkened, a will rebellious, affections corrupted, and uſing my body accordingly.

   • 1873,Henry Ward Beecher,“Paul”, inThe Great Bible Renowns,page45:

     In other words, he said: “I have two natures. I have a flesh nature, an outside nature, and that keeps sinning; and then I have another nature—an inside, a spiritual nature—and that does not like sinning; and with my heart-power, my conscience-power, my love-power, with the power of the divine element that is in me, I look and see what this body outside, which clothes me, is trying to do. And here are twoI’sthat are fighting. The insideIis arrayed against the outsideI;and the outside has the advantage.”

   • 1916,S. A. Steel, “Down the James Long Ago—I”, inChristian Advocate,volume77,page1094,column 1:

     Am I a double personality? Are there two “I’s”in my anatomy—one a conscious “I,”giving attention to what I am doing, and another unconscious “I,”giving attention to something entirely different?

   • 1962,Arthur Osborne,editor,The Teachings of Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi in His Own Words,London: Rider & Company, published1975,page122:

     B.(smiling):Have you come to examine me? You must say who you are. /D.:However much I may try, I do not seem to catch the ‘I’. It is not even clearly discernible. /B.:Who is it that says that the ‘I’ is not discernible? Are there two‘I’sin you, that one is not discernible to the other?

   • 2011,Michael Gluckman,Making Your Wisdom Come Alive: A Guide to the Source of Your Wisdom and Joy,Light Up Your Life,→ISBN:

     Who is it that says that ‘I’ is not perceptible? Is there an ignorant ‘I’ and an elusive ‘I’? Are there two‘I’sin the same person? It is the mind that says that ‘I’ is not perceptible. Where is that mind from? Know the mind. You will find it a myth. /We all feel that there is only oneI;not two, one ignorant of the other.

   • 2012,“Demiurge”, inMårten Hagström(lyrics),Koloss,performed byMeshuggah,track 9:

     Sucking vomit, acting like its honey
     Deprived ofI
     Falling while thrusting squares through circles
     Serving one single new dimension

Derived terms

• I-hood
• I-ness
• I-ship

Etymology 2

Old Frenchi,fromLatinī,fromEtruscanI(i).

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei,pluralIsorI's)

1. The ninthletterof the EnglishAlpha bet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Derived terms

• I-novel

See also

• (Latin script letters)letter;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Number

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. Theordinalnumberninth,derived from thisletterof the EnglishAlpha bet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Etymology 3

Abbreviation.

Noun

I(countableanduncountable,pluralIs)

1. (US,roadway)Interstate.

   I-95begins atHoulton,Maineand terminates atMiami,Florida,connecting numerous major cities in theEast Coast.

2. (grammar)Abbreviationofinstrumental case.
3. (computing)Abbreviationofinstruction.
4. (US politics)Abbreviationofindependent.

Etymology 4

Interjection

I

1. Obsoletespelling ofaye.

References

• “I”, inThe American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language,4th edition, Boston, Mass.:Houghton Mifflin,2000,→ISBN.
• “I”,inDictionary Unabridged,Dictionary, LLC,1995–present.
• "I"inWordNet 2.0,Princeton University, 2003.

Afar

Letter

I(lowercasei)

1. The ninthletterof the AfarAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Tt,Ss,Ee,Cc,Kk,Xx,Ii,Dd,Qq,Rr,Ff,Gg,Oo,Ll,Mm,Nn,Uu,Ww,Hh,Yy

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

• (letter name):IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the AfrikaansAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)letter;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Noun

I(pluralI's,diminutiveI'tjie)

1. I

Angami

Letter

I

1. The fifthletterof the AngamiAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Üü,Üiüi,Aa,Aiai,Ii,Ieie,Uu,Uouo,Ee,Eiei,Oo,Ouou,Kk,Khkh,Gg,Ngng,Cc,Chch,Jj,Jhjh,Nyny,Tt,Thth,Dd,Nn,Tsts,Tshtsh,Dzdz,Pp,Phph,Bb,Mm,Pfpf,Bvbv,Yy,Yhyh,Rr,Rhrh,Ll,Lhlh,Ff,Vv,Ww,Whwh,Ss,Shsh,Zz,Zhzh,Hh

Azerbaijani

Letter

Iupper case(lower caseı)

1. The thirteenthletterof the AzerbaijaniAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters)hərf;Aa,Bb,Cc,Çç,Dd,Ee,Əə,Ff,Gg,Ğğ,Hh,Xx,Iı,İi,Jj,Kk,Qq,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Öö,Pp,Rr,Ss,Şş,Tt,Uu,Üü,Vv,Yy,Zz

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/,[i]

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the BasqueAlpha bet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,(Çç),Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,L,l,Mm,Nn,Ññ,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,(Üü),Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Cameroon Pidgin

Alternative forms

• a

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/a/

Pronoun

I

1. I,1st person singular subject personal pronoun

See also

Cameroonian Pidgin personal pronouns

Subject personal pronouns
		singular	plural
1st person		I	we,wu
2nd person		you	wuna
3rd person		i	dey
Object and topic personal pronouns
1st person		me	we
2nd person		you	wuna
3rd person		yi,-am	dem,-am

Central Franconian

Etymology

• For the origin of/e/,seeE.
• /i/is from Middle High Germaniin open syllables; in Ripuarian fromībefore velars.
• /iː/is fromībefore non-velars in Ripuarian; fromēin Ripuarian and northern Moselle Franconian; fromie, üein southern Moselle Franconian; fromæ(œ) in some dialects.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):(short open)/e/,(short closed)/i/,(long)/iː/

Letter

I

1. A letter in the German-based Alpha bet of Central Franconian.
2. A letter in the Dutch-based Alpha bet of Central Franconian.

Usage notes

• In the German-based spelling,/e/is usually represented byE(see there).

Use of the digraph IE

• In the German-based spelling, longiis generally writtenieexcept when the German cognate has/iː/as well and spells iti.Either spelling may be used in the following cases:
  • when the German cognate has only one vowel letter:Kies,Kis(GermanKäse);
  • at the beginning of a word:ielig,ilig(Germaneilig).
• In the Dutch-based spelling, both short/i/and long/iː/are generally writtenieexcept when the Dutch cognate has/i/and spells iti.The short vowel is optionally indicated in open syllables by doubling the following consonant:piemmele,piemele.

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin):ài(ai⁴)

  (Zhuyin):ㄞˋ

• Cantonese(Jyutping):aai¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien,POJ):ai

  (Teochew,Peng'im):ai⁵

• Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):⁵a-yi₆;¹a-yi₆

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin:ài
    • Zhuyin:ㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin:ài
    • Wade–Giles:ai⁴
    • Yale:ài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh:ay
    • Palladius:ай(aj)
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping:aai¹
    • Yale:āai
    • Cantonese Pinyin:aai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization:ai¹
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/aːi̯⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien:Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī:ai
    • Tâi-lô:ai
    • Phofsit Daibuun:ay
    • IPA(Xiamen):/ai⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im:ai⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:âi
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/ai⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern:Shanghai)
    • Wugniu:⁵a-yi₆;¹a-yi₆
    • MiniDict:a^Điyi^Đi;a^Bìnhyi^Đi
    • Wiktionary Romanisation(Shanghai):²a-hhi₃;¹a-hhi₃
    • SinologicalIPA(Shanghai):/a³³ɦi⁴⁴/,/a⁵⁵ɦi²¹/

Note:Often realised as one syllable.

Letter

I

1. The ninth letter of the Latin Alpha bet.

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin):yī(yi¹)

  (Zhuyin):ㄧ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin:yī
    • Zhuyin:ㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin:yi
    • Wade–Giles:i¹
    • Yale:yī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh:i
    • Palladius:и(i)
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/i⁵⁵/

Letter

I

1. The ninth letter used inPinyin.

Usage notes

• The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).

Chipewyan

Pronunciation

1. IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

I(lower caseı)

1. Aletterof the ChipewyanAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

Danish

FWOTD – 5 November 2015

Etymology

FromOld East Norse*īʀ,fromProto-Germanic*jūz,fromProto-Indo-European*yū́.Cognate withSwedishni,Norwegian Nynorskde,Faroesetær,andIcelandicþér.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[i]
• Homophone:i
• Rhymes:-i

Pronoun

I(objectivejer,possessivejeres)

1. (personal)you,you all(second person plural)

   Imå ikke gå derind!

   Youcan't go in there!

   • 2014,Diverse forfattere,Fire uger blev til fire år - og andre beretninger,Lindhardt og Ringhof→ISBN

     Og så er der forresten lidt mere med det samme:Imå love os een ting. mor og far,Imå ikke efterligne os unge! — For gørIdet, ja, så kommerItil at se så morsomme ud. —Imå ikke prøve på at løbe fra jeres alder, for det kanIalligevel ikke.

     And by the way, there's something else:Youmust promise us one thing, mum and dad,youmay not imitate us young! — For ifyoudo,youwill look so funny. —youmay not try to run way from your age, foryoucan't do that anyway.

   • 1981,Mogens Wolstrup,Vild hyben: danske forfattere skriver om jalousi

     Men det er ikke jeres skyld, siger Ditte.Ier unge og kloge.Ier grimme og fantastisk smukke.Ihar modet!Ier på rette vej med jeres show. Jeg føler med jeres oprør, og måske derfor kunne jeg ikke klare mere. Jeres hud er glat,Ier startet i tide.

     But it is not your fault, Ditte says.Youare young and intelligent.Youare ugly and amazingly beautiful.Youhave the courage!Youare on the right path with your show. I feel with your rebellion, and perhaps for that reason, I couldn't take any more. Your skin is smooth,youstarted in time.

   • 2011,Per Ullidtz,Absalons Europa,BoD – Books on Demand→ISBN,page 229

     Og lidt senere”Ihar hørt at det er sagt: øje for øje og tand for tand. Men jeg siger jer, atImå ikke sætte jer imod det onde; men dersom nogen giver dig et slag på din højre kind, da vend ham også den anden til!...

     And a little later”youhave heard it said: an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. But I say to you,youmay not resist evil; but if anyone hits you on the right cheek, turn the other towards [whoever hit you]!...

Descendants

• Norwegian Bokmål:I

See also

Danish personal pronouns

Number	Person	Type	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive
					common	neuter	plural
Singular	First	–	jeg	mig	min	mit	mine
	Second	modern/informal	du	dig	din	dit	dine
		formal	De	Dem	Deres
	Third	masculine(person)	han	ham	hans
		feminine(person)	hun	hende	hendes
		common(noun)	den		dens
		neuter(noun)	det		dets
		reflexive	–	sig	sin	sit	sine
Plural	First	modern	vi	os	vores
		archaic/formal			vor	vort	vore
	Second	–	I	jer	jeres
	Third	–	de	dem	deres
		reflexive	–	sig

References

• “I,4”inDen Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Pronunciation

• (letter name):IPA^(key):/i/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

I(capital,lowercasei)

1. the ninth letter of the Dutch Alpha bet

See also

• Previous letter:H
• Next letter:J

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• (letter name):IPA^(key):/i/
• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/i/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The twelfthletterof the EsperantoAlpha bet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters)litero;Aa,Bb,Cc,Ĉĉ,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Ĝĝ,Hh,Ĥĥ,Ii,Jj,Ĵĵ,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Rr,Ss,Ŝŝ,Tt,Uu,Ŭŭ,Vv,Zz

Estonian

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the EstonianAlpha bet,callediiand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters)täht;Aa,Bb(Cc),Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp(Qq),Rr,Ss,Šš,Zz,Žž,Tt,Uu,Vv(Ww),Õõ,Ää,Öö,Üü(Xx,Yy)

Finnish

Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. Seethe Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information,andIfor information on the development of the glyph itself.

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the FinnishAlpha bet,callediiand written in theLatin script.

Derived terms

compounds

• I-palkki
• I-teräs

See also

• (Latin-script letters)kirjain;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss(Šš),Tt,Uu,Vv(Ww),Xx,Yy,Zz(Žž),Åå,Ä ä,Öö

Noun

I

1. Abbreviationofimprobatur.

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

• Audio(Paris):

  (file)

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the FrenchAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)lettre;Aa(Àà,Ââ,Ææ),Bb,Cc(Çç),Dd,Ee(Éé,Èè,Êê,Ëë),Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii(Îî,Ïï),Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn(Ññ),Oo(Ôô,Œœ),Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu(Ùù,Ûû,Üü),Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy(Ÿÿ),Zz

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ʔiː/

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninth letter of the German Alpha bet.

Related terms

• I longaf

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme):IPA^(key):[ˈi]
• (letter name):IPA^(key):[ˈi]

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The fifteenthletterof the HungarianAlpha bet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	I	I-k
accusative	I-t	I-ket
dative	I-nek	I-knek
instrumental	I-vel	I-kkel
causal-final	I-ért	I-kért
translative	I-vé	I-kké
terminative	I-ig	I-kig
essive-formal	I-ként	I-kként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	I-ben	I-kben
superessive	I-n	I-ken
adessive	I-nél	I-knél
illative	I-be	I-kbe
sublative	I-re	I-kre
allative	I-hez	I-khez
elative	I-ből	I-kből
delative	I-ről	I-kről
ablative	I-től	I-ktől
non-attributive possessive - singular	I-é	I-ké
non-attributive possessive - plural	I-éi	I-kéi

Possessive formsofI
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	I-m	I-im
2nd person sing.	I-d	I-id
3rd person sing.	I-je	I-i
1st person plural	I-nk	I-ink
2nd person plural	I-tek	I-itek
3rd person plural	I-jük	I-ik

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)betű;Aa,Áá,Bb,Cc,Cscs,Dd,Dzdz,Dzsdzs,Ee,Éé,Ff,Gg,Gygy,Hh,Ii,Íí,Jj,Kk,Ll,Lyly,Mm,Nn,Nyny,Oo,Óó,Öö,Őő,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Szsz,Tt,Tyty,Uu,Úú,Üü,Űű,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz,Zszs

Icelandic

Letter

I(lower casei)

1. The eleventhletterof the IcelandicAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)bókstafur;Aa,Áá,Bb,Dd,Ðð,Ee,Éé,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Íí,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Óó,Pp,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Úú,Vv,Xx,Yy,Ýý,Þþ,Ææ,Öö

Ido

Letter

I(lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the IdoAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)litero;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,L,l,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (letter name):IPA^(key):/i/
• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/i/,/ɪ/

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the IndonesianAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Irish

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the IrishAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

Derived terms

• I-bhíoma

See also

• SeeTemplate:list:Latin script letters/ga.

Italian

Pronunciation

• (letter name)IPA^(key):/ˈi/^*
  • Rhymes:-i
  • Hyphenation:Ì
• (phonemic realization)IPA^(key):/i/
• (phonemic realization when followed by a vowel in the same syllable)IPA^(key):/j/

Letter

Iform(invariable,upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the ItalianAlpha bet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)lettera;Aa(Àà),Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee(Éé,Èè),Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii(Íí,Ìì,Îî,Jj,Kk),Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo(Óó,Òò),Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu(Úú,Ùù),Vv(Ww,Xx,Yy),Zz
• Italian Alpha beton Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Japanese

Romanization

I

1. Rōmajitranscription ofい

Kashubian

Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin Alpha bet. No earlier script is known. See theKashubian Alpha betarticle on Wikipedia for more, andIfor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The thirteenthletterof the KashubianAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ąą,Ãã,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Éé,Ëë,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Łł,Mm,Nn,Oo,Òò,Óó,Ôô,Pp,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Ùù,Ww,Yy,Zz,Żż

Latin

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. A letter in theLatin Alpha bet,representing the consonant /j/ and the vowels /i/ and /iː/

Usage notes

• Historical Latin texts did not distinguish the consonantal and vocalic readings of this letter orthographically. In modern texts and editions of older texts, the vowels are typically written ⟨I⟩ and ⟨Ī⟩ to distinguish them, and /j/ is sometimes written ⟨j⟩. For example,iūdexmay be spelledjūdex.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Vv,Xx,Yy,Zz

Numeral

I

1. the numeralone(ūnus)

Latvian

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed byK. Mīlenbahs,which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in GermanFraktur,and sporadically inCyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[i]

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

I

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The thirteenthletterof the LatvianAlpha bet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• Letters of the Latvian Alpha bet:

  burti:Aa,Āā,Bb,Cc,Čč,Dd,Ee,Ēē,Ff,Gg,Ģģ,Hh,Ii,Īī,Jj,Kk,Ķķ,Ll,Ļļ,Mm,Nn,Ņņ,Oo,Pp,Rr,Ss,Šš,Tt,Uu,Ūū,Vv,Zz,Žž

Malay

Pronunciation

• (Name of letter)IPA^(key):[ai̯]
• (Phoneme)IPA^(key):[i]
• (Phoneme, Closed ultima)IPA^(key):[e]

Letter

I

1. The ninthletterof the MalayAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Middle English

Alternative forms

• ich,iche,icche,i,j,hi,hij,jch,hich,hic,ic,ick,ih,ig,ik,ike,ihc,ichc,ichs,ics,a,y

Etymology

FromOld Englishiċ,fromProto-West Germanic*ik,fromProto-Germanic*ek,Proto-Germanic*ik,fromProto-Indo-European*éǵh₂.More at EnglishI.

The loss of/t͡ʃ/at first occurs in unstressed positions when the following word begins with a consonant. The pronunciation/iː/results from restressing the unstressed pronunciation.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/
• (unstressed)IPA^(key):/i/

Pronoun

I(accusativeme,genitivemin,genitive determinermi,min)

2. I(first-person singular subject pronoun)
   • c.1275,Judas(Roud 2964,Child Ballad 23,Trinity College MS. B.14.39)‎^[2],folio 34, recto,lines36-37;republished atCambridge:Wren Digital Library (Trinity College),2019 May 29:

     Stille þou be peter. Weliþe icnowe. / þou wolt fur ſake me þrien. ar þe coc him crowe.

     "Quiet now, Peter.Iknow you well; / You'll forsake me three times when the cock crows. "

   • c.1395,John Wycliffe,John Purvey[et al.], transl.,Bible(Wycliffite Bible (later version),MS Lich 10.)‎^[3],publishedc.1410,Joon15:19,page51v,column 1; republished asWycliffe's translation of the New Testament,Lichfield:Bill Endres,2010:

     If ȝe hadden be of þe woꝛld.· þe woꝛld ſchulde loue þat þing þat was his / but foꝛ ȝe ben not of þe woꝛld · butIchees ȝou fro þe woꝛld.· þerfoꝛ þe woꝛld hatiþ ȝou

     If you had been of the world, the world would love that which is its [own]; so the world hates you, because you aren't of the world. InsteadIpicked you from the world.

Usage notes

• Capitalized since 13th century to mark it as a distinct word and prevent misreading.

Descendants

• English:I,ik(obsolete),ich(obsolete)
• Geordie English:aw
• Scots:A,I,ik(rare)
• Yola:ich

See also

Middle English personal pronouns

			nominative	accusative	dative	genitive	possessive
singular	1st-person		I,ich,ik	me		min mi1	min
	2nd-person		þou	þe		þin þi1	þin
	3rd-person	m	he	him hine2	him	his	his hisen
		f	sche,heo	hire heo	hire		hire hires,hiren
		n	hit		hit him2	his,hit	—
dual3	1st-person		wit	unk		unker
	2nd-person		ȝit	inc		inker
plural	1st-person		we	us,ous		oure	oure oures,ouren
	2nd-person4		ye	yow		your	your youres,youren
	3rd-person	inh.	he	hem he2	hem	here	here heres,heren
		bor.	þei	þem,þeim		þeir	þeir þeires,þeiren

¹Used preconsonantally or beforeh.
²Early or dialectal.
³Dual pronouns are only sporadically found in Early Middle English; after that, they are replaced by plural forms. There are no third-person dual forms in Middle English.
⁴Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

References

• “ich,pron.”,inMED Online,Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007,retrieved2018-04-05.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

FromDanishI,fromOld East Norse*īʀ,fromProto-Germanic*jūz.Cognate withSwedishni,Norwegian Nynorskde,Faroesetær,andIcelandicþér.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/

Pronoun

I(objective casejeroreder)

1. (rare,archaic)ye:a second-person plural nominative pronoun

   Synonym:dere

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/iː/

Etymology 1

FromLatinI.

Letter

I(lower casei,definite singularI-en,indefinite pluralI-ar,definite pluralI-ane)

1. The ninthletterof the NorwegianAlpha bet,calledIand written in theLatin script.

Etymology 2

FromOld Norseek,fromProto-Norseᛖᚲ(ek),fromProto-Germanic*ek,*ik,fromProto-Indo-European*éǵh₂.The upper case spelling might be an orthographic influence from cognateEnglishI,or as a means to differenciate from native prepositioni(“in”).

Alternative forms

• i

Pronoun

I(objectiveme,possessivemin)

1. (dialectal)alternative form ofeg(first person singular pronoun)

Etymology 3

Possibly throughDanishI.FromOld Norseér,ír,fromProto-Germanic*jūz,fromProto-Indo-European*yū́.Compare withde.The upper case spelling might be explained either by its use as anhonorific,or with its plausible Danish origins.

Alternative forms

• i

Pronoun

I(objectiveærorørorjærs,possessiveærsorørsorjærs)

1. (obsoleteordialectal,polite)you(second person singular)

Derived terms

• ia

References

• “I”inThe Nynorsk Dictionary.
• Torp, Alf(1919) “I”, inNynorsk etymologisk ordbok(in Norwegian Nynorsk), Kristiania: Aschehoug, page240
• Ivar Aasen(1850) “i”, inOrdbog over det norske Folkesprog‎^[4](in Danish), Oslo:Samlaget,published2000

Anagrams

• i,i-

Nupe

Pronunciation

• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/i/,(after /n/ or /m/)/ĩ/

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The eleventhletterof the NupeAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)banki;Aa(Áá,Àà),Bb,Cc,Dd,Dzdz,Ee(Éé,Èè),Ff,Gg,Gbgb,Hh,Ii(Íí,Ìì),Jj,Kk,Kpkp,Ll,Mm(Ḿḿ,M̀m̀,M̄m̄),Nn(Ńń,Ǹǹ,N̄n̄),Oo(Óó,Òò),Pp,Rr,Ss,Shsh,Tt,Tsts,Uu(Úú,Ùù),Vv,Ww,Yy,Zz,Zhzh

Polish

Etymology

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin Alpha bet. No earlier script is known. See thehistory of Polish orthographyarticle on Wikipedia for more, andIfor development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈi/

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The twelfthletterof the PolishAlpha bet,callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ąą,Bb,Cc,Ćć,Dd,Ee,Ęę,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Łł,Mm,Nn,Ńń,Oo,Óó,Pp,Rr,Ss,Śś,Tt,Uu,Ww,Yy,Zz,Źź,Żż

Portuguese

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the PortugueseAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)letra;Aa(Áá,Àà,Ââ,Ãã),Bb,Cc(Çç),Dd,Ee(Éé,Êê),Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii(Íí),Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo(Óó,Ôô,Õõ),Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu(Úú),Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Romani

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. (International Standard)The twelfthletterof the RomaniAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.
2. (Pan-Vlax)The thirteenthletterof the RomaniAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Xx,Ii,Jj,Kk,Khkh,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Phph,Rr,Ss,Tt,Thth,Uu,Vv,ZzInternational Standard:(Àà,Ää,Ǎǎ),Ćć,Ćhćh,(Èè,Ëë,Ěě), (Ìì,Ïï,Ǐǐ), (Òò,Öö,Ǒǒ),Rrrr,Śś,(Ùù,Üü,Ǔǔ),Źź,Ʒʒ,Qq,Çç,ϴθ.Pan-Vlax:Čč,Čhčh,Dždž,(Dźdź),Řř,Šš,(Śś),Žž,(Źź).

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/,/j/,/ʲ/

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The eleventhletterof the RomanianAlpha bet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

• Generally represents the phoneme/i/.
• Before vowels, this letter usually takes on the sound of/j/

  ianuarie/ja.nuˈa.ri.e/

• At the ends of words (except verb infinitives, and those ending in a consonant cluster ending inlorr), the letter palatalizes the previous syllable and is "whispered":/ʲ/

  băieți/bəˈjetsʲ/

See also

• (Latin script letters)Aa,Ăă,Ââ,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Îî,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Șș,Tt,Țț,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Saanich

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/i/

Letter

I

1. The eleventhletterof the SaanichAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)A,Á,Ⱥ,B,C,Ć,Ȼ,D,E,H,I,Í,J,K,Ꝁ,Ꝃ,₭,Ḵ,Ḱ,L,Ƚ,M,N,Ṉ,O,P,Q,S,Ś,T,Ⱦ,Ṯ,Ŧ,U,W,W̱,X,X̱,Y,Z,s,¸

Scots

Etymology 1

Letter

I

1. The ninthletterof the ScotsAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,L,l,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz,Ȝȝ

Etymology 2

FromMiddle EnglishI,fromOld Englishiċ,fromProto-West Germanic*ik,fromProto-Germanic*ik,*ek,fromProto-Indo-European*éǵh₂.

Pronoun

I

1. I

See also

Scots personal pronouns

			personal pronoun			possessive pronoun	possessive determiner
			subjective	objective	reflexive
first person	singular		A,I,Ik	me	mysel	mine,mines	mine,my
	plural		we	us,we	oorsel,oorsels	oors	our
second person	singular	standard (formal)	ye you,yow	ye you,yow	yersel yoursel	yers yours	yer your
		Insular(informal)	thoo	thee	thysel,theesel	thines	thy,thee,thees
	plural		ye,yese you,youse	ye,yese you,youse theer	yesels yoursels	yers yours	yer your
third person	singular	masculine	he,e	him,im	himsel,hissel	his,is	his,is
		feminine	scho,she,shu	her,er	hersel	hers	her,er
		neuter	it hit	it hit	itsel hitsel	its hits	its hits
		genderless, nonspecific (formal)	ane	ane	–	–	ane's
	plural		thay	thaim	thaimsel,thaimsels	thairs	thair

References

• “I,pron.”,inThe Dictionary of the Scots Language,Edinburgh:Scottish Language Dictionaries,2004–present,→OCLC,retrieved20 May 2024,reproduced fromWilliam A[lexander]Craigie,A[dam]J[ack]Aitken[et al.],editors,A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue:[…],Oxford, Oxfordshire:Oxford University Press,1931–2002,→OCLC.
• “I,n.”,inThe Dictionary of the Scots Language,Edinburgh:Scottish Language Dictionaries,2004–present,→OCLC,retrieved20 May 2024,reproduced from W[illiam]Grant and D[avid]D. Murison, editors,The Scottish National Dictionary,Edinburgh:Scottish National Dictionary Association,1931–1976,→OCLC.

Scottish Gaelic

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the Scottish GaelicAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.It is preceded byhand followed byl.Its traditional name isiodh(“yew”).

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)litir;Aa(Àà),Bb(Bhbh),Cc(Chch),Dd(Dhdh),Ee(Èè),Ff(Fhfh),Gg(Ghgh),Hh,Ii(Ìì),Ll,Mm(Mhmh),Nn,Oo(Òò),Pp(Phph),Rr,Ss(Shsh),Tt(Thth),Uu(Ùù)
• (diacritics)◌̀
• (obsolete vowels)ÁáÉéÓó

Silesian

Etymology

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin Alpha bet. No earlier script is known. See theSilesian languagearticle on Wikipedia for more, andIfor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The eleventhletterof the SilesianAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Ãã,Bb,Cc,Ćć,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Łł,Mm,Nn,Ńń,Oo,Ŏŏ,Ōō,Ôô,Õõ,Pp,Rr,Ss,Śś,Tt,Uu,Ww,Yy,Zz,Źź,Żż

Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

• (phoneme)IPA^(key):/i/,/j/

Letter

I(lower casei)

1. The sixteenthletterof the Skolt SamiAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)bukva;Aa,Ââ,Bb,Cc,Čč,Ʒʒ,Ǯǯ,Dd,Đđ,Ee,Ff,Gg,Ǧǧ,Ǥǥ,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ǩǩ,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ŋŋ,Oo,Õõ,Pp,Rr,Ss,Šš,Tt,Uu,Vv,Zz,Žž,Åå,Ää,ʹ

Slovene

Etymology

From Gaj's Latin Alpha betI,fromCzechAlpha betI,from LatinI,from theEtruscanletter𐌉(i,“i”),from theAncient GreekletterΙ(I,iota),derived from thePhoenicianletter𐤉(y,yod),from theEgyptianhieroglyph𓂝.

Pronunciation

(phoneme)Pronunciation of I

•(Standard Slovene, tonal)IPA(key):/ˈíː/,/ˈìː/,/ˈî/,/i/,[ˈɪ́ː],[ˈɪ̀ː],[ˈɪ̂],[ˈîː],[ˈǐː],[ˈɪ̂ː],[ˈɪ̌ː],SNPT:/ī/,/ȉ/,/i/ •(Standard Slovene, non-tonal)IPA(key):/ˈiː/,/ˈi/,/i/,[ˈɪː],[ˈɪ],SNPT:/í/,/ì/,/i/

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

(letter name)Pronunciation of I (ī)

•(Standard Slovene, tonal)IPA(key):[ˈîː],[ˈǐː],SNPT:[ī] •(Standard Slovene, non-tonal)IPA(key):[ˈiː],SNPT:[í], Audio: (file)

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

•Rhymes:-iː([-í])(non-tonal) •Hyphenation:i

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The tenthletterof the SloveneAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.
2. The fifteenthletterof the SloveneAlpha bet(Resian), written in theLatin script.
3. The eleventhletterof the SloveneAlpha bet(Natisone Valley dialect), written in theLatin script.

Noun

Īminan

1. The name of theLatin scriptletterI/i.

Inflection

• Overall more common

First masculine declension (soft o-stem, inanimate), fixed accent, -j- infix
nom. sing.	I
gen. sing.	I-ja
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	I	I-ja	I-ji
genitive rodȋlnik	I-ja	I-jev	I-jev
dative dajȃlnik	I-ju,I-ji	I-jema	I-jem
accusative tožȋlnik	I	I-ja	I-je
locative mẹ̑stnik	I-ju,I-ji	I-jih	I-jih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	I-jem	I-jema	I-ji
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	I	I-ja	I-ji

• More common when with a definite adjective

Third masculine declension (no endings), fixed accent
nom. sing.	I
gen. sing.	I
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	I	I	I
genitive rodȋlnik	I	I	I
dative dajȃlnik	I	I	I
accusative tožȋlnik	I	I	I
locative mẹ̑stnik	I	I	I
instrumental orọ̑dnik	I	I	I
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	I	I	I

• Dialectal, in common written language used till 19th century

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate), -j- infix
nom. sing.	I
gen. sing.	I-ja
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	I	I-ja	I-ji
genitive rodȋlnik	I-ja	I-jov	I-jov
dative dajȃlnik	I-ju,I-ji	I-joma	I-jom
accusative tožȋlnik	I	I-ja	I-je
locative mẹ̑stnik	I-ju,I-ji	I-jih	I-jih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	I-jom	I-joma	I-ji
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	I	I-ja	I-ji

Derived terms

• Í
• Ì
• Ï

See also

• (Latin script letters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Čč,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Rr,Ss,Šš,Tt,Uu,Vv,Zz,Žž

Further reading

• “I”,inSlovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU,portal Fran

Somali

Pronunciation

• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/ɪ/,/i/
• (letter name):IPA^(key):/ʔɪ/

Letter

Iupper case(lower casei)

1. The twenty-fifthletterof the SomaliAlpha bet,callediand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

1. The twenty-fifth letter of theSomaliAlpha bet, which followsArabicabjadorder. It is preceded byEand followed byO.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)ʼ,Bb,Tt,Jj,Xx,Khkh,Dd,Rr,Ss,Shsh,Dhdh,Cc,Gg,Ff,Qq,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ww,Hh,Yy,Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu

Spanish

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. the ninth letter of the Spanish Alpha bet

Adjective

I

1. Abbreviationofilustre.

   LaImunicipalidad de Valparaíso.

   Theillustriousmunicipality of Valparaíso.

Swedish

Etymology 1

See the etymology at#Translingual.

Pronunciation

• (letter name):IPA^(key):/iː/
• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/iː/,/ɪ/
• Rhymes:-iː

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninth letter of the Swedish Alpha bet.

Etymology 2

FromOld Swedishī,īr,fromOld Norseír,variant ofér,fromProto-Germanic*jīz,variant of*jūz,fromProto-Indo-European*yū́.

Alternative forms

• J,j

Pronoun

I(personal pronoun)

1. (archaic)ye(second-person plural nominative)

Synonyms

• ni

References

• Lindström, Fredrik (2010) “Svårt att gissa arslets grundform [Hard to guess the lemma of arslet]”, inSpråktidningen‎^[5](in Swedish), number 5, retrieved14 July 2020

Tagalog

Etymology

BorrowedfromSpanishI.Each pronunciation has a different source:

• Filipino Alpha bet pronunciation is influenced byEnglishI.
• Abakada Alpha bet pronunciation is influenced byBaybayincharacterᜁ(i).
• Abecedario pronunciation is fromSpanishI.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key):/ˈʔaj/[ˈʔaɪ̯](letter name, Filipino Alpha bet)
    • Rhymes:-aj
  • IPA^(key):/ˈʔi/[ˈʔi](letter name, Abakada Alpha bet, Abecedario)
    • Rhymes:-i
  • IPA^(key):/ˈi/[ˈi](phoneme, stressed)
    • Rhymes:-i
  • IPA^(key):/i/[ɪ](phoneme, unstressed)
    • Rhymes:-i
• Syllabification:I

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei,Baybayin spellingᜀᜌ᜔)

1. The ninthletterof the TagalogAlpha bet(theFilipino Alpha bet), calledayand written in theLatin script.

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei,Baybayin spellingᜁ)

1. The eighthletterof the TagalogAlpha bet(theAbakada Alpha bet), callediand written in theLatin script.
2. (historical)The tenthletterof the TagalogAlpha bet(theAbecedario), callediand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)titik;Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ññ,Ngng,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz

Further reading

• “I”,inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph,Manila,2018

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ɯː/

Letter

I(upper case,lower caseı)

1. The eleventhletterof the TurkishAlpha bet,calledıand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters)harf;Aa,Bb,Cc,Çç,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Ğğ,Hh,Iı,İi,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Öö,Pp,Rr,Ss,Şş,Tt,Uu,Üü,Vv,Yy,Zz

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội)IPA^(key):[ʔi˧˧],[ʔi˧˧ ŋan˧˦]
• (Huế)IPA^(key):[ʔɪj˧˧],[ʔɪj˧˧ ŋaŋ˦˧˥]
• (Saigon)IPA^(key):[ʔɪj˧˧],[ʔɪj˧˧ ŋaŋ˦˥]
• Phonetic spelling:i, i ngắn

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The twelfthletterof the VietnameseAlpha bet,callediori ngắnand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Quốc ngữletters)chữ cái;Aa(Àà,Ảả,Ãã,Áá,Ạạ),Ăă(Ằằ,Ẳẳ,Ẵẵ,Ắắ,Ặặ),Ââ(Ầầ,Ẩẩ,Ẫẫ,Ấấ,Ậậ),Bb,Cc(Chch),Dd,Đđ,Ee(Èè,Ẻẻ,Ẽẽ,Éé,Ẹẹ),Êê(Ềề,Ểể,Ễễ,Ếế,Ệệ),Gg(Ghgh,Gigi),Hh,Ii(Ìì,Ỉỉ,Ĩĩ,Íí,Ịị),Kk(Khkh),Ll,Mm,Nn(Ngng,Nghngh,Nhnh),Oo(Òò,Ỏỏ,Õõ,Óó,Ọọ),Ôô(Ồồ,Ổổ,Ỗỗ,Ốố,Ộộ),Ơơ(Ờờ,Ởở,Ỡỡ,Ớớ,Ợợ),Pp(Phph),Qq(Ququ),Rr,Ss,Tt(Thth,Trtr),Uu(Ùù,Ủủ,Ũũ,Úú,Ụụ),Ưư(Ừừ,Ửử,Ữữ,Ứứ,Ựự),Vv,Xx,Yy(Ỳỳ,Ỷỷ,Ỹỹ,Ýý,Ỵỵ)

Welsh

Pronunciation

• (North Wales)IPA^(key):/iː/
• (South Wales,standard)IPA^(key):/ˌiː ˈdɔt/,/ˌiː ˈðɔt/

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The thirteenthletterof the WelshAlpha bet,callediori dotand written in theLatin script.It is preceded byHand followed byJ.

Mutation

• I cannot mutate but, being a vowel, does takeh-prothesis,for example with the wordiwrch(“roe deer”):

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
iwrch	unchanged	unchanged	hiwrch
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)llythyren;Aa(Áá,Àà,Ââ,Ää),Bb,Cc,Chch,Dd,Dddd,Ee(Éé,Èè,Êê,Ëë),Ff,Ffff,Gg,Ngng,Hh,Ii(Íí,Ìì,Îî,Ïï),Jj,Ll,Llll,Mm,Nn,Oo(Óó,Òò,Ôô,Öö),Pp,Phph,Rr,Rhrh,Ss,Tt,Thth,Uu(Úú,Ùù,Ûû,Üü),Ww(Ẃẃ,Ẁẁ,Ŵŵ,Ẅẅ),Yy(Ýý,Ỳỳ,Ŷŷ,Ÿÿ)

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “I”,inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online(in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba

Pronunciation

• (phoneme):IPA^(key):/i/
• (letter name):IPA^(key):/í/

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The tenthletterof the YorubaAlpha bet,calledíand written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)lẹ́tà;Aa(Áá,Àà,Āā),Bb,Dd,Ee(Éé,Èè,Ēē),Ẹẹ(Ẹ́ẹ́,Ẹ̀ẹ̀,Ẹ̄ẹ̄),Ff,Gg,Gbgb,Hh,Ii(Íí,Ìì,Īī),Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm(Ḿḿ,M̀m̀,M̄m̄),Nn(Ńń,Ǹǹ,N̄n̄),Oo(Óó,Òò,Ōō),Ọọ(Ọ́ọ́,Ọ̀ọ̀,Ọ̄ọ̄),Pp,Rr,Ss,Ṣṣ,Tt,Uu(Úú,Ùù,Ūū),Ww,Yy
• (Benin)(Latin-scriptletters)lɛ́tà;Aa,Bb,Dd,Ee,Ɛɛ,Ff,Gg,Gbgb,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Kpkp,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Ɔɔ,Pp,Rr,Ss,Shsh,Tt,Uu,Ww,Yy

Zulu

Letter

I(upper case,lower casei)

1. The ninthletterof the ZuluAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

• (Latin-scriptletters)Aa,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Ff,Gg,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz