R

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RU+0052,R
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R
Q
[U+0051]
Basic Latin S
[U+0053]

Translingual

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R (disambiguation)on Wikipedia

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From theEtruscanletter𐌓(r,er),from theAncient GreekletterΡ(R,rho),derived from thePhoenicianletter𐤓(r,reš),from theEgyptianhieroglyph𓁶.

Letter

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R(lower caser)

  1. The eighteenth letter of thebasic modern Latin Alpha bet.

See also

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Symbol

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R

  1. Abbreviationofronna-.
  2. (currency symbol)Rand,national currency of South Africa.
  3. (metrology)roentgen
  4. (physics)resistance(inelectricity)
  5. (organic chemistry)An unspecifiedradical,usually containing a carbon atom that binds to the structure of interest.
    Alcoholshave the generic formulaROH.
  6. (genetics)IUPAC1-letter abbreviation for anypurine.
  7. (biochemistry)IUPAC1-letter abbreviation forarginine.
  8. (linguistics)Awildcardfor arhoticconsonant or aresonant(sonorant).
    synonyms:Sfor a sonorant
  9. (linguistics)Awildcardfor arhoticarchiphoneme,such as the conflation of/r/and/ɾ/in certain positions in Spanish.
  10. (linguistics)risingtone.
    synonyms: more commonlyLH,or more specificallyLMorMH
  11. (finance)Long-termbondcredit ratingbyS&P Global Ratings,indicating that a bond is extremelyspeculativeand possibly indefault,with some prospect ofdebtrecovery.
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See also

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The templateTemplate:Letterdoes not use the parameter(s):
Character=R
Please seeModule:checkparamsfor help with this warning.

Other representations of R:

English

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R (disambiguation)on Wikipedia

Etymology 1

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From theEtruscanletter𐌓(r,er),from theAncient GreekletterΡ(R,rho),derived from thePhoenicianletter𐤓(r,reš),from theEgyptianhieroglyph𓁶.

Pronunciation

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(Name of letter)

Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser,pluralRsorR's)

  1. The eighteenthletterof the EnglishAlpha bet,calledarand written in theLatin script.
See also
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Number

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. Theordinalnumbereighteenth,derived from thisletterof the EnglishAlpha bet,calledarand written in theLatin script.

Etymology 2

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Abbreviations

"Elizabeth R", hand ofElizabeth II

Noun

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R

  1. (entomology)radius
  2. (US politics)AbbreviationofRepublican,especially preceding the constituent location.
    R-Texas
    Antonym:D(Democrat)
  3. (monarchy)rex(king)orregina(queen);the initial by which a British monarch signs documents after his or her name
  4. (handbells)ring
  5. (chess)rook
  6. (baseball,cricket)runs,the statistic reporting the number ofrunsscored by a player
  7. (law)theCrown,the government of a monarchy (abbreviatingrex(king)orregina(queen))
    The English case ofRv R[1992] AC 599 ruled thatrape can be committed by a husband against his wife.
  8. (especially in university catalogs)Thursday
    • 1986,Cornell UniversityCourses of Study,page250:
      Lecs, TR9:05; lab, M T WRor F 1:25—4:25, or M or W 7:30—10:30 p.m.
    • 2000August, M.W. Carter, “A Comprehensive Course Timetabling and Student Scheduling System at theUniversity of Waterloo”,in Edmund Burke, Wilhelm Erben, editors,Practice and Theory of Automated Timetabling III,Springer, published2001,→ISBN,page66:
      8:30 MWF (3 x 1 hour)[]8:30-10 TR(2 x 1.5 hours)
    • 2007,W. Ted Mahavier, “Syllabus forAnalysis”(Lamar Universitycourse syllabus), appendix II.A of Charles A. Coppin et al.,The Moore Method: A Pathway to Learner-Centered Instruction,Mathematical Association of America (2009),→ISBN,page 201:
      Office Hours: MTWRF: 9:00–11:00, 1:30–3:00 or stop by my office anytime.
  9. (Philippines)region,in the sense of the regions of the Philippines

Adjective

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R

  1. (filmcertification)restricted
  2. reverse
  3. right(as opposed to left)

Proper noun

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R

  1. (religion)In the context of thedocumentary hypothesis,theRedactor(s) who compiled and edited theTorah.
    • 2006,David Ringo Miano,Shadow on the steps[1](dissertation),UC San Diego,page 5:
      One needs to be careful, however, to distinguish between original P and the work of the later priestly Redactor (R), who edited P and other documents in the postexilic period.

See also

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Afar

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Letter

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R

  1. The twelfth letter in the Afar Alpha bet.

See also

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Afrikaans

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The eighteenthletterof the AfrikaansAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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Noun

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R(pluralR'e,diminutiveR'etjie)

  1. R

Azerbaijani

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Letter

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Rupper case(lower caser)

  1. The twenty-fourthletterof the AzerbaijaniAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

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Basque

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the BasqueAlpha bet,callederreand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Central Franconian

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Etymology

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  • /ʀ/is from West Germanic*r.In most dialects it is vowelised in two cases: (1.) between a short vowel and analveolar,(2.) after a long vowel. Especially in the former case it may also be lost entirely.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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R

  1. A letter in the German-based Alpha bet of Central Franconian.
  2. A letter in the Dutch-based Alpha bet of Central Franconian.

Usage notes

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Chinese

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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R

  1. (Cantonese)Alternative form of𢯎

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation 1

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Note:aa1 - Used by non-rhotic proficient speakers of English, mostly in Hong Kong.
Letter
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R

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Latin Alpha bet.

Pronunciation 2

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Letter
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R

  1. The eighteenth letter used inPinyin.
Usage notes
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  • 《 cách phiên âm Hán ngữ 》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
  • The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(capital,lowercaser)

  1. the eighteenth letter of the Dutch Alpha bet

See also

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  • Previous letter:Q
  • Next letter:S

Esperanto

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twenty-firstletterof the EsperantoAlpha bet,calledroand written in theLatin script.

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Estonian

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EstonianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediaet

Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The eighteenthletterof the EstonianAlpha bet,callederrand written in theLatin script.

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Finnish

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Etymology

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The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. Seethe Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information,andRfor information on the development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The eighteenthletterof the FinnishAlpha bet,calledärorerand written in theLatin script.

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German

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Pronunciation

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  • (letter name)IPA(key):/ɛr/,[ʔɛʁ],[ʔɛɐ̯]
  • (phoneme)IPA(key):/r/,[ʁ],[ɾ],[ɐ̯],[ː]
  • Audio:(file)

Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the German Alpha bet.

Usage notes

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  • The letter R has a variety of possible realisations in contemporary German. Three positions must be distinguished:
    • Before vowels, the variation is mostly between auvularconsonant (fricative,approximant,or rarelytrill) and analveolarconsonant (trill,flap,or rarely approximant). In northern, central, and south-western Germany, the alveolar pronunciation is now rare and chiefly restricted to the elderly generation of some areas. In south-eastern Germany, Austria, Switzerland, andSouth Tyrol,it remains more common; but even in these regions the uvular R is gaining ground and is already strongly predominant in some parts (e.g.Vienna).
    • Word-finally and before consonants, most accents mayvoweliseR to[ɐ̯]~[ə̯],but in different ways. Vowelisation is commonest after long vowels and/ə/,where it is also prescribed in the broadcasting standard. A majority of speakers, however, vowelise R after short vowels, too. The resulting diphthongs may be contracted and length distinctions before vowelised R may be lost. The degree to which this happens differs regionally and idiolectally.
    • Before the syllable-en/ən/,many speakers also vowelise R, though this is commonest in fast or casual speech, and consonantal realisations may be retained depending on the rhythm of the phrase as well as the formality of the context.
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Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twenty-ninthletterof the HungarianAlpha bet,callederrand written in theLatin script.

Declension

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Inflection (stem in-e-,front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative R R-ek
accusative R-et R-eket
dative R-nek R-eknek
instrumental R-rel R-ekkel
causal-final R-ért R-ekért
translative R-ré R-ekké
terminative R-ig R-ekig
essive-formal R-ként R-ekként
essive-modal
inessive R-ben R-ekben
superessive R-en R-eken
adessive R-nél R-eknél
illative R-be R-ekbe
sublative R-re R-ekre
allative R-hez R-ekhez
elative R-ből R-ekből
delative R-ről R-ekről
ablative R-től R-ektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
R-é R-eké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
R-éi R-ekéi
Possessive formsofR
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. R-em R-jeim
2nd person sing. R-ed R-jeid
3rd person sing. R-je R-jei
1st person plural R-ünk R-jeink
2nd person plural R-etek R-jeitek
3rd person plural R-jük R-jeik

See also

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Ido

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(lower caser)

  1. The eighteenthletterof the IdoAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

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Italian

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ItalianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediait

Pronunciation

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Letter

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Rform(invariable,upper case,lower caser)

  1. The sixteenthletterof the ItalianAlpha bet,callederreand written in theLatin script.

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Japanese

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R1 năm 〜R2 năm

Etymology

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From the romanization, which begins withR(R).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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R(れいわ)(Reiwa)

  1. AbbreviationofLệnh cùng(Reiwa).

Kashubian

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Etymology

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The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin Alpha bet. No earlier script is known. See theKashubian Alpha betarticle on Wikipedia for more, andRfor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twenty-fifthletterof the KashubianAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Proper noun

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R

  1. (especially coins)AbbreviationofRoma,Rome.
  2. AbbreviationofRomanus,Roman.
  3. AbbreviationofRufus.

Noun

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R

  1. (Catholicism)Abbreviationofresponsorium,responsory, breviary.
  2. (Judaism)Abbreviationofrabbī.

Adjective

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R(pluralRR)

  1. Abbreviationofreverendus,holy, reverend.
  2. Abbreviationofreverendissimus,most holy, most reverend.

Derived terms

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References

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  • RinGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français,Hachette.

Latvian

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LatvianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedialv

Etymology

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Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed byK. Mīlenbahs,which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in GermanFraktur,and sporadically inCyrillic.

Pronunciation

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This entry needs anaudio pronunciation.If you are a native speaker with a microphone, pleaserecord this word.The recorded pronunciationwill appear herewhen it's ready.

Letter

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R

R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twenty-fifthletterof the LatvianAlpha bet,callederand written in theLatin script.

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Malay

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MalayWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediams

Pronunciation

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  • (Name of letter)IPA(key):[ar]
  • (Phoneme, Syllable initial)IPA(key):[r]
  • (Phoneme, Syllable final)IPA(key):[(r)]

Letter

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R

  1. The eighteenthletterof the MalayAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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Nupe

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twentiethletterof the NupeAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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Polish

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Etymology

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The Polish orthography is based on the Latin Alpha bet. No earlier script is known. See thehistory of Polish orthographyarticle on Wikipedia for more, andRfor development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twenty-thirdletterof the PolishAlpha bet,callederand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Portuguese

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The eighteenthletterof the PortugueseAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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Romani

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. (International Standard)The twenty-secondletterof the RomaniAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax)The twenty-thirdletterof the RomaniAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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References

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  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “R, r”, inニューエクスプレスプラス ロマ ( ジプシー ) ngữ[New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published2021,→ISBN,→OCLC,page14

Romanian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twenty-firstletterof the RomanianAlpha bet,calleder,re,orand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Scottish Gaelic

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The fifteenthletterof the Scottish GaelicAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.It is preceded bypand followed bys.Its traditional name isruis(elder).

See also

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Silesian

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Etymology

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The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin Alpha bet. No earlier script is known. See theSilesian languagearticle on Wikipedia for more, andRfor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twenty-fifthletterof the SilesianAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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Skolt Sami

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(lower caser)

  1. The twenty-seventhletterof the Skolt SamiAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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Slovene

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SloveneWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediasl

Letter

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R(capital,lowercaser)

  1. The eighteenthletterof the SloveneAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.
  2. The twenty-fifthletterof the SloveneAlpha bet(Resian), written in theLatin script.
  3. The nineteenthletterof the SloveneAlpha bet(Natisone Valley dialect), written in theLatin script.

Somali

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Rupper case(lower caser)

  1. The eighthletterof the SomaliAlpha bet,calledraand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

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  1. The eighth letter of theSomaliAlpha bet, which followsArabicabjadorder. It is preceded byDand followed byS.

See also

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Spanish

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. the 19th letter of the Spanish Alpha bet

Tagalog

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Etymology

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BorrowedfromSpanishR.Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino Alpha bet pronunciation is influenced byEnglishR.
  • Abakada Alpha bet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character(da/ra).
  • Abecedario pronunciation is fromSpanishR.

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard Tagalog)
    • IPA(key):/ˈʔaɾ/[ˈʔaɾ](letter name, Filipino Alpha bet)
    • IPA(key):/ˈɾa/[ˈɾa](letter name, Abakada Alpha bet)
    • IPA(key):/ˈʔeɾe/[ˈʔɛː.ɾɛ](letter name, Abecedario)
    • IPA(key):/ɾ/[ɾ](phoneme)

Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser,Baybayin spellingᜀᜇ᜔)

  1. The twentiethletterof the TagalogAlpha bet(theFilipino Alpha bet), calledarand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser,Baybayin spelling)

  1. The fifteenthletterof the TagalogAlpha bet(theAbakada Alpha bet), calledraand written in theLatin script.

Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser,Baybayin spellingᜁᜇᜒ)

  1. (historical)The twenty-firstletterof the TagalogAlpha bet(theAbecedario), calledereand written in theLatin script.

Further reading

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  • R”,inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph,Manila,2018

Turkish

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twenty-firstletterof the TurkishAlpha bet,calledreand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twenty-secondletterof the VietnameseAlpha bet,callede-rờorrờand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The twenty-secondletterof the WelshAlpha bet,callederand written in theLatin script.It is preceded byPhand followed byRh.

Mutation

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  • R cannot be mutated in Welsh.

See also

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Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “R”,inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online(in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the YorubaAlpha bet,calledand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Zulu

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Letter

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R(upper case,lower caser)

  1. The eighteenthletterof the ZuluAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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