axis

See also:Axis,áxis,andaxış

English

Pronunciation

• (UK,US)IPA^(key):/ˈæksɪs/
• (General Australian)IPA^(key):/ˈæksəs/

• Audio(US):

  (file)

• Rhymes:-æksɪs,-æksəs
• Hyphenation:ax‧is

Etymology 1

Borrowed fromLatinaxis(“axle, axis”)in the 16th century.

Noun

axis(pluralaxesor(rare)axiis)

1. (geometry)An imaginary line around which an object spins (anaxis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (anaxis of symmetry).
   • 2012March,Henry Petroski,“Opening Doors”, inAmerican Scientist‎^[1],volume100,number 2, pages112–3:

     A doorknob of whatever roundish shape is effectively a continuum of levers, with theaxisof the latching mechanism—known as the spindle—being the fulcrum about which the turning takes place.

   The Earth rotates once a day on itsaxis

2. (mathematics)A fixed one-dimensional figure, such as a line orarc,with anoriginandorientationand such that its points are inone-to-onecorrespondencewith a set of numbers; an axis forms part of the basis of a space or is used to position and locate data in agraph(acoordinate axis)
4. (anatomy)The secondcervical vertebraof thespine

   Synonym:epistropheus

5. (anatomy)An imaginary, visualizedplaneseparating twomorphologicallysimilar parts of an organism
6. (psychiatry)A form of classification and descriptions of mental disorders or disabilities used in manuals such as the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)
7. (botany)The main stem or central part about which organs or plant parts such as branches are arranged
8. (military)Anallianceorcoalition.

   Synonyms:pact,compact,league

   • 1936, November 1st,Benito Mussolini,Milan Speech:

     This Berlin-Rome vertical line is not an obstacle but rather anaxisaround which can revolve all those European states with a will to collaboration and peace.

9. (figurative)The centre of attention within a process (e.g. the axis of investigation)

Coordinate terms

• (cervical vertebra):atlas

Derived terms

• axi-
• axipetal
• Axis Age
• axis cylinder
• axised
• axis mundi
• axis of evil
• axis of resistance
• axis of rotation
• axis of symmetry
• axis of upheaval
• Axis progression
• cerebrospinal axis
• coaxis
• conjugate axis
• coordinate axis
• co-ordinate axis
• eigenaxis
• figure axis
• imaginary axis
• interaxis
• major axis
• minor axis
• multiaxis
• neural axis
• neuraxis
• optical axis
• optic axis
• ordinate axis
• parallel axis theorem
• perpendicular axis theorem
• polar axis
• pseudoaxis
• radical axis
• real axis
• rotational axis
• semiaxis
• semimajor axis
• semi-major axis
• semiminor axis
• semi-minor axis
• visual axis
• x-axis
• y-axis
• z-axis

Related terms

• axial,axially
• axile

Translations

geometry: imaginary line

• Albanian:aksm
• Arabic:مِحْوَرm(miḥwar)
• Armenian:առանցք(hy)(aṙancʻkʻ)
• Asturian:exa(ast)f
• Azerbaijani:mehvər,ox(az)
• Bashkir:күсәр(küsər)
• Belarusian:восьf(vosʹ)
• Bengali:অক্ষ(bn)(okkho)
• Bulgarian:ос(bg)(os)
• Burmese:ဝင်ရိုး(my)(wang-rui:)
• Catalan:eix(ca)m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin:Trục/Trục(zh)(zhóu)

• Czech:osa(cs)f
• Danish:akse(da)c
• Dutch:as(nl)f
• Esperanto:akso
• Estonian:telg
• Faroese:ásurm
• Finnish:akseli(fi)
• French:axe(fr)m
• Galician:eixe(gl)m
• Georgian:ღერძი(ɣerʒi)
• German:Achse(de)f
• Gothic:𐌰𐌷𐍃𐌰f(ahsa)
• Greek:άξονας(el)m(áxonas)

  Ancient:ἄξωνm(áxōn)

• Hebrew:ציר(he)m(tzyr)
• Hindi:धुरी(hi)f(dhurī),अक्ष(hi)m(akṣ)
• Hungarian:tengely(hu)
• Icelandic:ás(is)m,möndull(is)
• Ido:axo(io)
• Inuktitut:ᓈᓴᐅᑎᖃᕐᕕᒃ(naasaotiqarfik)
• Italian:asse(it)m
• Japanese:Trục(ja)(じく, jiku)
• Kazakh:білік(kk)(bılık),белағаш(belağaş),белдік(beldık),өс(ös)
• Khmer:អ័ក្ស(km)(ak)
• Korean:축(ko)(chuk)
• Kyrgyz:ок(ky)(ok),ось(os)
• Lao:ແກນ(lo)(kǣn)
• Latvian:ass(lv)f
• Lithuanian:ašism
• Lombard:assa(lmo)
• Macedonian:о́скаf(óska)
• Malay:paksi(ms)
• Malayalam:അച്ചുതണ്ട്(ml)(accutaṇṭŭ)
• Maori:tuaka
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål:akse(no)m

  Nynorsk:aksem

• Occitan:axe(oc)m
• Persian:محور(phát)(mehvar),آسه(phát)(âse)
• Plautdietsch:Aussf
• Polish:oś(pl)f
• Portuguese:eixo(pt)m
• Romanian:axă(ro)f
• Russian:ось(ru)f(osʹ)
• Sanskrit:अक्ष(sa)m(akṣa)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic:осаf,о̑сf

  Roman:osa(sh)f,ȏs(sh)f

• Slovak:os(sk)f
• Slovene:os(sl)f
• Spanish:eje(es)m
• Swedish:axel(sv)c
• Tagalog:taluhog
• Tajik:тир(tg)(tir)
• Telugu:అక్షము(te)(akṣamu)
• Thai:แกน(th)(gɛɛn)
• Turkish:eksen(tr)
• Turkmen:ok
• Ukrainian:вісьf(visʹ)
• Uzbek:oʻq(uz)
• Vietnamese:trục(vi)
• Welsh:echel(cy)f
• West Frisian:as
• Yiddish:אַקסf(aks)

basis of space or part of graph

• Armenian:առանցք(hy)(aṙancʻkʻ)
• Bulgarian:ос(bg)(os)
• Czech:osa(cs)f
• Dutch:as(nl)f
• Esperanto:akso
• Estonian:telg
• Faroese:ásurm
• Finnish:akseli(fi)
• French:axe(fr)m
• Georgian:ღერძი(ɣerʒi)
• German:Achse(de)f
• Greek:άξονας(el)m(áxonas)
• Hebrew:ציר(he)m(tzyr)
• Icelandic:ás(is)m
• Italian:asse(it)m
• Khmer:អ័ក្ស(km)(ak)
• Latvian:ass(lv)f
• Macedonian:о́скаf(óska)
• Malay:paksi(ms)
• Maori:tuaka
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål:akse(no)m

  Nynorsk:aksem

• Persian:آسه(phát)(âse)
• Polish:oś(pl)f
• Portuguese:eixo(pt)m
• Russian:ось(ru)f(osʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic:осаf,осо̀винаf

  Roman:osa(sh)f,osòvina(sh)f

• Slovak:os(sk)f
• Slovene:os(sl)f
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian:wósf

  Upper Sorbian:wóskaf

• Spanish:eje(es)m
• Swedish:axel(sv)c
• Telugu:అక్షము(te)(akṣamu)
• Turkish:eksen(tr)
• Welsh:echel(cy)f
• West Frisian:as

second cervical vertebra

• Catalan:axis(ca)m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin:Xu chuy/Xu chuy(zh)(shūzhuī)

• Czech:čepovecm,axis(cs)m
• Dutch:draaier(nl)m
• Faroese:navarsgeislim
• Finnish:kiertonikama(fi),aksis(fi)
• Greek:άξονας(el)m(áxonas),επιστροφεύςm(epistroféfs)
• Ido:axoido(io)
• Italian:epistrofeo(it)m
• Kazakh:білікомыртқа(bılıkomyrtqa)
• Khmer:អ័ក្ស(km)(ak)
• Malay:tulang paksi,epistrofeus
• Persian:آسه(phát)(âse)
• Polish:obrotnik(pl)m
• Portuguese:áxism
• Spanish:axism

psychiatry: form of classification and descriptions of mental disorders

• Finnish:akseli(fi)

botany: main stem or central part

• Finnish:keskiranka,akseli(fi)

Etymology 2

FromLatin,name of an Indian animal mentioned by the Roman senatorPliny.

Noun

axis(pluralaxises)

1. Adeernative to Asia, of speciesAxis axis.

   Synonyms:chital,cheetal,chital deer,spotted deer,axis deer

Translations

Axis axis—seechital

See also

• Chitalon Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Axis axison Wikispecies.Wikispecies

French

Etymology

(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ak.si/

Noun

axism(pluralaxis)

1. Synonym ofcerf axis(“chital”)

References

• “axis”,inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.

Latin

Etymology

FromProto-Italic*aksis,fromProto-Indo-European*h₂eḱs-i-s,from*h₂eḱs-(“axis, axle”);see alsoLithuanianašis(“axle”),Russianось(osʹ),Sanskritअक्ष(ákṣa,“axis, axle, balance beam”),Ancient Greekἄξων(áxōn,“axle”),Old High Germanahsa(“axle”),Icelandiceax,öxull,öksull,Old Englisheaxl(whenceEnglishaxle). Compare alsoEtruscan𐌀𐌂𐌔𐌉(Acsi,“theAxia gens”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin)IPA^(key):/ˈak.sis/,[ˈäks̠ɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key):/ˈak.sis/,[ˈäksis]

Noun

axism(genitiveaxis);third declension

1. Anaxletreeofwagon,car,chariot.
2. TheNorth Pole.
3. Theheavensor aregionorclimeof these.
4. Aboard,plank.

Declension

Third-declensionnoun (i-stem).

	singular	plural
nominative	axis	axēs
genitive	axis	axium
dative	axī	axibus
accusative	axem	axēs axīs
ablative	axe	axibus
vocative	axis	axēs

Derived terms

• āla
• ālea
• assula
• axilla

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian:asse
• Padanian:
  • Friulian:as
  • Lombard:ax
  • Piedmontese:ass
  • Venetan:ase
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal:èssi,èshi,assi,ashi,aissi
  • French:ais
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Aragonese:eixe,exe
  • Catalan:eix

    Castellonenc:eis,aix

    Ribagorçan:aix

    Tortosí:aix

  • Occitan:ais

    Gascon:èish

    Limousin:aisse

    Provençal:aisse

    Vivaro-Alpine:aisse

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian:exa,exe,ex
  • Old Galician-Portuguese:eixe
    • Galician:eixe,eixo
    • Portuguese:eixo
  • Old Spanish:exe
    • Spanish:eje
• Borrowings:
  • →Catalan:axis
  • →English:axis
  • →Franco-Provençal:axo
  • →French:axe
  • →Irish:ais
  • →Occitan:axe
  • →Portuguese:axe,áxis
  • →Romanian:ax,axă
  • →Spanish:axis

References

• “axis”,inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879)A Latin Dictionary,Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “axis”,inCharlton T. Lewis (1891)An Elementary Latin Dictionary,New York: Harper & Brothers
• axisin Charles du Fresne du Cange’sGlossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis(augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• axisinGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français,Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894)Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2],London:Macmillan and Co.
  • the pole:vertex caeli, axis caeli, cardo caeli
    
• “axis”,inHarry Thurston Peck, editor (1898),Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities,New York: Harper & Brothers
• “axis”,inWilliam Smith et al., editor (1890),A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities,London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• Langenscheidt Pocket Latin Dictionary

Spanish

Noun

axism(pluralaxis)

1. (anatomy)axis(vertebra)

Further reading

• “axis”,inDiccionario de la lengua española[Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8,Royal Spanish Academy[Spanish:Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10