col

See also:Appendix:Variations of "col"

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kɒl/

• Audio(Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ɒl

Etymology 1

Borrowed fromFrenchcol,fromLatincollum(“neck”).Doubletofcollum.

Noun

col(pluralcols)

1. (geography)Adipon amountainridgebetween twopeaks.

   Synonym:(South Africa)nek

   Coordinate terms:bealach,mountain pass,pass,saddle,hause

   • 1999,Harish Kapadia, “Ascents in the Panch Chuli Group”, inAcross Peaks & Passes in Kumaun Himalaya,New Delhi: Indus Publishing Company,→ISBN,page136:

     We spent half an hour on the summit before returning to our camp, where we stuffed the frozen tent and all the gear into our packs and started the long descent of the southwest ridge to rejoin Harish and others who were still encamped on thecolat the foot of it.

   • 2012,Paul Lee,Vignettes: Musings and Reminiscences of a Modern Renaissance Man,page344:

     I recall one specific trip when we climbed to Madison Hut which is located in thecolbetween Mount Madison and Mount Jefferson.

   • 2019,Alan Staniforth,Cleveland Way,page74:

     Turn left through a gate in the right angle of the wall and drop down to acolbefore climbing up the hill.

2. (meteorology)Apressureregion between twoanticyclonesand twolow-pressureregions.

   Synonym:saddle point

Derived terms

• North Col

Translations

dip between mountain peaks

• Bulgarian:проход(bg)(prohod),седловина(sedlovina)
• Catalan:coll(ca)m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin:Khe núi(zh)(shān'ào)

• Czech:sedlo(cs)n,průsmyk(cs)m
• French:col(fr)m
• Galician:portelaf,goladaf
• Georgian:უნაგირა(unagira)
• German:Joch(de)n
• Hungarian:nyereg(hu)
• Irish:colm
• Italian:forcella(it)f,colle(it)m
• Japanese:たわ(ja)(tawa),コル(ja)(koru)
• Russian:седловина(ru)(sedlovina),перева́л(ru)(perevál)
• Spanish:collado(es)m

See also

• hausse-col

Further reading

• colon Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• col (meteorology)on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• mountain passon Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

Abbreviation

Noun

col(pluralcols)

1. Clipping ofcolumn.
2. Abbreviationofcolor.

Anagrams

• 'loc,CLO,Clo,LOC,LoC,OCL,OLC,loc,loc.

Asturian

Etymology

From a contraction of the prepositioncon(“with”)+ masculine singular articleel(“the”).

Contraction

colm(femininecola,neutercolo,masculine pluralcolos,feminine pluralcoles)

1. withthe

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):(Central,Balearic,Valencia)[ˈkɔl]

• Audio(Valencia):

  (file)

Etymology 1

InheritedfromLatincaulem(“stalk, stem”),fromAncient Greekκαυλός(kaulós,“stem of a plant”).

Noun

colf(pluralcols)

1. cabbage

Derived terms

• a qui no vol cols, dos plats
• cada dia cols, amarguen
• col de Brussel·les
• col de Milà
• col llombarda
• col verda
• col xinesa
• colrave

Related terms

• coliflor

Etymology 2

FromLatincoagulum.Doubletofquallandcoàgul,a borrowing.

Noun

colm(pluralcols)

1. (Pallars)wildcardoon(used as a coagulating agent in cheesemaking)

   Synonym:card formatger

Derived terms

• colet
• herbacol

Related terms

• coler

Further reading

• “col”inDiccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició,Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “col”,inGran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana,Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana,2024
• “col”inDiccionari normatiu valencià,Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “col”inDiccionari català-valencià-balear,Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Crimean Tatar

Noun

col(Northern dialect)

1. road,way

Usage notes

• Literary form:yol

Declension

Declension ofcol

nominative	col
genitive	colnıñ
dative	colğa
accusative	colnı
locative	colda
ablative	coldan

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

• coll

Etymology

FromVulgar Latin*cu illu,contracted from the accusative ofVulgar Latin*eccum ille.CompareItalianquello,Romanianacel,Old Frenchcil,Spanishaquel.

Pronoun

col

1. that

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kɔl/
• Hyphenation:col
• Rhymes:-ɔl

Etymology 1

Borrowed fromFrenchcol(“collar”),fromLatincollum(“neck”).

Noun

colm(pluralcols,diminutivecolletjen)

1. (informal,chieflyBelgium)(clothing)collar

   Synonym:kraag

Derived terms

• coltrui

Noun

colm(pluralcollen,diminutivecolletjen)

1. (informal,Belgium)(sports) mountainpass

   Synonym:bergpas

Etymology 2

Borrowed fromFrenchcolle.

Noun

colf(uncountable)

1. (informal,Belgium)glue

Synonyms

• lijm

Related terms

• collage

French

Etymology

InheritedfromOld Frenchcol,fromLatincollum(“neck”).Doubletofcou.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kɔl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophones:colle,collent,colles,cols

Noun

colm(pluralcols)

1. (clothing)collar
2. (geography)col(dip on a mountain ridge)
3. (anatomy,dated)neck

   Synonym:cou

4. neck(of objects, vases etc.)

   lecold’une bouteille―theneckof a bottle

Derived terms

• col Danton
• col de l’utérus
• col Mao
• col romain
• col roulé

Related terms

• cou
• collier

Descendants

• →Hausa:kwal

Further reading

• “col”,inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.

Galician

Colesorverzas

Alternative forms

• coia,couva

Etymology

FromOld Galician-Portuguesecol(13th century,Cantigas de Santa Maria), from an older unattested *coule,fromLatincaulis.Cognate withPortuguesecouveandSpanishcol.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈkɔl/

Noun

colf(pluralcoles)

1. collard;wild mustard,wild cabbage;kale;Brassica oleraceavar.acephala

   Synonyms:coella,verza

Derived terms

• coella
• coíña
• coíñeiro

Related terms

• coliflor

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane,María Álvarez de la Granja,Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo(2006–2022) “col”,inDicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval(in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “coles”,inCorpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval(in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:ILG
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “couues”,inCorpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval(in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández,editor (2006–2013), “col”,inDicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega[Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández,Ernesto Xosé González Seoane,María Álvarez de la Granja,editors (2003–2018), “col”,inTesouro informatizado da lingua galega(in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco,editor (2014–2024), “col”,inTesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués(in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega,→ISSN

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed fromGermanZoll.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[ˈt͡sol]
• Hyphenation:col
• Rhymes:-ol

Noun

col(pluralcolok)

1. inch

   Synonym:hüvelyk

Declension

Inflection (stem in-o-,back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	col	colok
accusative	colt	colokat
dative	colnak	coloknak
instrumental	collal	colokkal
causal-final	colért	colokért
translative	collá	colokká
terminative	colig	colokig
essive-formal	colként	colokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	colban	colokban
superessive	colon	colokon
adessive	colnál	coloknál
illative	colba	colokba
sublative	colra	colokra
allative	colhoz	colokhoz
elative	colból	colokból
delative	colról	colokról
ablative	coltól	coloktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	colé	coloké
non-attributive possessive - plural	coléi	colokéi

Possessive formsofcol
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	colom	coljaim
2nd person sing.	colod	coljaid
3rd person sing.	colja	coljai
1st person plural	colunk	coljaink
2nd person plural	colotok	coljaitok
3rd person plural	coljuk	coljaik

Derived terms

• colos

Further reading

• colinBárczi, GézaandLászló Országh.A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára( “The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.:ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN
• colinNóra Ittzés, editor,A magyar nyelv nagyszótára[A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó,2006–2031(work in progress; publisheda–ezas of 2024).

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[kɔl̪ˠ]

Etymology 1

FromOld Irishcol,fromProto-Celtic*kulom.

Noun

colm(genitive singularcoil,nominative pluralcolanna)

1. prohibition
2. sin,lust
3. violation
4. dislike
5. incest

   Synonyms:ciorrú coil,corbadh

6. relation,relationship

Declension

Declension ofcol(first declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative col colanna vocative achoil acholanna genitive coil colanna dative col colanna forms with thedefinite article case singular plural nominative ancol nacolanna genitive anchoil nagcolanna dative leis angcol donchol leis nacolanna

Derived terms

• col ceathar
• col ceathrair
• col cúigir
• col gaoil
• col seisir
• colscaradh

Etymology 2

FromFrenchcol(“neck”).

Noun

colm(genitive singularcoil,nominative pluralcoil)

1. (geography)col

Declension

Declension ofcol(first declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative col coil vocative achoil achola genitive coil col dative col coil forms with thedefinite article case singular plural nominative ancol nacoil genitive anchoil nagcol dative leis angcol donchol leis nacoil

Mutation

Mutated formsofcol

radical	lenition	eclipsis
col	chol	gcol

Note:Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall(1977) “col”,inFoclóir Gaeilge–Béarla,Dublin: An Gúm,→ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás(1959) “col”,inEnglish-Irish Dictionary,An Gúm
• “col”,inNew English-Irish Dictionary,Foras na Gaeilge,2013-2024

Italian

Contraction

col

1. contraction ofconil;withthe

Middle English

Alternative forms

• coul,coyl
• cal,kal(Northern)

Etymology

FromOld Englishcāl,variant ofcawel,borrowed fromLatincaulis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kɔːl/
• (Northern)IPA^(key):/kaːl/

Noun

col(pluralcoles)

1. cabbage,kale,colewort

Descendants

• English:cole,kale,kail
• Scots:cale,caill,kail
• Yola:kaayle⇒Coolpeach
• →Irish:cál

References

• “cōl,n.(1).”,inMED Online,Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.

Middle French

Etymology

FromOld Frenchcol,fromLatincollum.

Noun

colm(pluralcols)

1. (anatomy)theneck

Descendants

• French:cou,col

Old English

Etymology 1

FromProto-West Germanic*kōl(ī).Cognate withOld High Germankuoli.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/koːl/

Adjective

cōl(comparativecōlra,superlativecōlost)

1. cool(not hot or warm)

Declension

Declension ofcōl— Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	cōl	cōl	cōl
Accusative	cōlne	cōle	cōl
Genitive	cōles	cōlre	cōles
Dative	cōlum	cōlre	cōlum
Instrumental	cōle	cōlre	cōle
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	cōle	cōla,cōle	cōl
Accusative	cōle	cōla,cōle	cōl
Genitive	cōlra	cōlra	cōlra
Dative	cōlum	cōlum	cōlum
Instrumental	cōlum	cōlum	cōlum

Declension ofcōl— Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	cōla	cōle	cōle
Accusative	cōlan	cōlan	cōle
Genitive	cōlan	cōlan	cōlan
Dative	cōlan	cōlan	cōlan
Instrumental	cōlan	cōlan	cōlan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	cōlan	cōlan	cōlan
Accusative	cōlan	cōlan	cōlan
Genitive	cōlra,cōlena	cōlra,cōlena	cōlra,cōlena
Dative	cōlum	cōlum	cōlum
Instrumental	cōlum	cōlum	cōlum

Descendants

• Middle English:col,coul,cool
  • Scots:cule,cuill,kuil
  • English:cool(see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

FromProto-West Germanic*kol.Cognate withOld Frisiankole,Old High Germankolo,Old Norsekol.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kol/

Noun

coln

1. coal
2. charcoal

Declension

Declension ofcol(strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	col	colu
accusative	col	colu
genitive	coles	cola
dative	cole	colum

Derived terms

• colpytt
• colsweart

Descendants

• Middle English:cole
  • English:coal

Old French

Etymology

InheritedfromLatincollum.Cognate withOld Galician-PortuguesecoloandOld Spanishcuello.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kɔl/
• Rhymes:-ɔl

Noun

coloblique singular,m(oblique pluralcousorcoxorcols,nominative singularcousorcoxorcols,nominative pluralcol)

1. (anatomy)neck

Related terms

• coler

Descendants

• Middle French:col
  • French:cou,col
• Norman:co
• Walloon:cô

Old Irish

Etymology

FromProto-Celtic*kulɸom.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):[ˈkol]

Noun

coln(genitivecuil)

1. sin,violation

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	colN	colN	colL,cola
Vocative	colN	colN	colL,cola
Accusative	colN	colN	colL,cola
Genitive	cuilL	col	colN
Dative	colL	colaib	colaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H= triggers aspiration L= triggers lenition N= triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• mórchol

Descendants

• Irish:col
• Scottish Gaelic:col(“incest”)

Mutation

Mutation ofcol

radical	lenition	nasalization
col	chol	col pronounced with/ɡ(ʲ)-/

Note:Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “col”,ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

FromOld Irishcol(“sin”).

Noun

colm(genitive singularcola,pluralcolan)

1. incest

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

BorrowedfromGermanZoll.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/t͡sôːl/

Noun

cȏlm(Cyrillic spellingцо̑л)

1. inch

Declension

Declension ofcol

	singular	plural
nominative	col	colovi
genitive	cola	colova
dative	colu	colovima
accusative	col	colove
vocative	cole	colovi
locative	colu	colovima
instrumental	col	colovima

Related terms

• ȉnč,pȁlac

Spanish

Etymology

InheritedfromLatincaulem(“stalk, stem”),fromAncient Greekκαυλός(kaulós,“stem of a plant”).Cognate withEnglishcoleandchou.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈkol/[ˈkol]

• Audio(Spain):

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ol
• Syllabification:col

Noun

colf(pluralcoles)

1. cabbage

   Synonyms:berza,repollo

Derived terms

• col china
• col de Bruselas
• col kale
• col lombarda
• col marina
• col rizada
• col verde
• coliflor
• colinabo

Related terms

• brécol

Descendants

• →Taos:kùliʼína

Further reading

• “col”,inDiccionario de la lengua española[Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7,Royal Spanish Academy[Spanish:Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28

Tocharian B

Adjective

col

1. wild

Vilamovian

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

cōlm(pluralcōln)

1. inch(unit of measure)