con

See also:Appendix:Variations of "con"

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation)IPA^(key):/kɒn/
• (General American)enPR:kŏn,IPA^(key):/kɑn/
• Rhymes:-ɒn

• Audio(US):

  (file)

• Homophone:conn;(General American)Khan

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Middle Englishconnen

Englishcon

InheritedfromMiddle Englishconnen,inheritedfromOld Englishcunnan(“to know, know how”),inheritedfromProto-West Germanic*kunnan(“recognize, know how”),inheritedfromProto-Germanic*kunnaną(“to know, know how”),inheritedfromProto-Indo-European*ǵneh₃-(“to know”)Doubletofcan.

Verb

con(third-person singular simple presentcons,present participleconning,simple past and past participleconned)

1. (rare)Tostudyorexaminecarefully, especially in order to gainknowledgeof; tolearn,orlearn by heart.
   • 1599(first performance),William Shakespeare,“The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”,inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies[…](First Folio), London:[…]Isaac Iaggard,andEd[ward]Blount,published1623,→OCLC,[Act IV, scene iii],page125,column 1:

     ForCaſſiusis a-weary of the World: / Hated by one he loues, brau'd by his Brother, / Check'd like a bondman, all his faults obſeru'd, / Set in a Note-booke, learn'd, andcon'dby roate / To caſt into my Teeth.

   • 1815[1802],William Wordsworth,Resolution and Independence:

     At length, himself unsettling, he the pond / Stirred with his staff, and fixedly did look / Upon the muddy water, which heconned,/ As if he had been reading in a book

   • 1795,Edmund Burke,Letter to a Noble Lord on the Attacks Made upon him and his Pension, in the House of Lords, by the Duke of Bedford and the Earl of Lauderdale, Early in the Present Session of Parliament:

     I did not come into parliament toconmy lesson. I had earned my pension before I set my foot in St. Stephen's chapel.

   • 1847January –1848July,William Makepeace Thackeray,chapter 21, inVanity Fair[…],London:Bradbury and Evans[…],published1848,→OCLC:

     During these delectable entertainments, Miss Wirt and the chaperon sate by, andconnedover the peerage, and talked about the nobility.

   • 1876July,Henry James, Jr.,“The American”,inThe Atlantic Monthly: A Magazine of Literature, Science, Art, and Politics,volume XXXVIII, number CCXXV, Boston, Mass.:H[enry] O[scar] Houghton and Company;New York, N.Y.: Hurd and Houghton; Cambridge, Mass.:The Riverside Press,chapter IV,page17,column 2:

     He read old almanacs at the book-stalls on the quays, and he began to frequent anothercafé,where more newspapers were taken and his post-prandialdemi-tassecost him a penny extra, and where he used toconthe tattered sheets for curious anecdotes, freaks of nature, and strange coincidences.

   • 1893,Stanley J. Weyman,“II. The King of Navarre”, inA Gentleman of France:

     Du Mornay exchanged a few words with me, to assure himself that I understood what I had to do, and then, with many kind expressions, which I did not fail to treasure up andconover in the times that were coming, hastened downstairs after his master.

   • 1963,D'Arcy Niland,Dadda jumped over two elephants: short stories:

     The hawk rested on a crag of the gorge andconnedthe terrain with a fierce and frowning eye.

2. (rare,obsolete)Toknow;understand;acknowledge.
   • 1579,Immeritô [pseudonym;Edmund Spenser],The Shepheardes Calender:[…],London:[…]Hugh Singleton,[…],→OCLC:

     Of Muses Hobbinol, Iconneno skill

Alternative forms

• conne

Related terms

• conner
  • aleconner
• couth
• cuddle
• cunning
• cunny
• ken
• unconned

Etymology 2

Abbreviation ofLatincontra(“against”).

Noun

con(pluralcons)

1. Adisadvantageof something, especially when contrasted with itsadvantages(pros).

   pros andcons

Synonyms

• disadvantage

Antonyms

• pro

Related terms

• pros and cons

Translations

disadvantage of something

• Catalan:contra(ca)m
• Czech:proti(cs)n,záporm
• Dutch:nadeel(nl),voor- en nadelen(nl)
• Finnish:haitta(fi),haittapuoli
• French:inconvénient(fr)m,inconvénients(fr)mpl,contre(fr)m
• German:Kontra(de)n
• Greek:μειονέκτημα(el)n(meionéktima),μείον(el)n(meíon),πλην(el)n(plin)
• Hungarian:kontra(hu),ellenérv(hu),hátrány(hu)
• Italian:contro(it)n
• Macedonian:недо́статокm(nedóstatok)
• Portuguese:contra(pt)m
• Russian:недоста́ток(ru)m(nedostátok),до́водпро́тивm(dóvod prótiv),контраргуме́нт(ru)m(kontrargumént)
• Spanish:contra(es)
• Swedish:nackdel(sv)c
• Thai:ข้อเสีย(kɔ̂ɔ-sǐia)
• Vietnamese:nhược điểm(vi),khuyết điểm(vi)

Etymology 3

Clippingofconvict.

Noun

con(pluralcons)

1. (slang)A convictedcriminal,aconvict.

Derived terms

• ex-con

Translations

a convicted criminal, a convict

• Bulgarian:престъпник(bg)m(prestǎpnik)
• Dutch:een veroordeelde crimineel,een veroordeelde
• Finnish:vanki(fi),rangaistusvanki
• French:taulard(fr)m
• Greek:κατάδικος(el)m(katádikos)
• Hungarian:elítélt(hu),rab(hu)
• Italian:carcerato(it)
• Macedonian:зло́сторникm(zlóstornik),пре́стапникm(préstapnik)
• Russian:престу́пник(ru)m(prestúpnik),престу́пница(ru)f(prestúpnica),осуждённый(ru)m(osuždjónnyj),зэк(ru)m(zɛk)(slang)
• Swedish:fånge(sv)c

Etymology 4

Fromcon trick,shortened fromconfidence trick.

Noun

con(pluralcons)

1. (informal)Afraud;something carried out with the intention ofdeceiving,usually for personal, often illegal,gain.

   Synonyms:scam;see alsoThesaurus:deception

   • 2021February 23, Rafael Behr, “Brexit is a machine to generate perpetual grievance. It's doing its job perfectly”, inThe Guardian‎^[2]:

     Leavers will be attracted to that story because it spares them the discomfort of admitting that they voted for acon,and then made a prime minister of the con artist.

Derived terms

• bull con
• con artist
• con man
• conman
• con woman
• conwoman
• long con
• short con

Translations

a fraud

• Dutch:fraude(nl),fraudeur(nl)
• Finnish:huijaus(fi),petos(fi)
• French:duperie(fr),escroquerie(fr),arnaque(fr)f
• German:Bauernfängerei(de)f
• Greek:απάτη(el)f(apáti),απατεωνιά(el)f(apateoniá)
• Hungarian:csalás(hu),szélhámosság(hu),trükk(hu)
• Macedonian:и́змамаf(ízmama)
• Norman:aveugliémentm
• Plautdietsch:Schwindelm
• Russian:жу́льничество(ru)n(žúlʹničestvo),моше́нничество(ru)(mošénničestvo),надува́тельство(ru)(naduvátelʹstvo),плутовство́(ru)n(plutovstvó),разводка(ru)f(razvodka)(slang)
• Swedish:bedrägeri(sv)n,bondfångeri(sv)n,bluff(sv)c
• Turkish:üçkâğıt(tr)(informal),katakulli(tr)(informal)

Verb

con(third-person singular simple presentcons,present participleconning,simple past and past participleconned)

2. (transitive,informal)Totrick,lieordefraud,usually for personal gain.

   Synonyms:(British, Australian)be sold a pup;see alsoThesaurus:deceive

   • 2017July 17, Martin Lukacs, “Neoliberalism has conned us into fighting climate change as individuals”, inThe Guardian‎^[3]:

     Neoliberalism hasconnedus into fighting climate change as individuals [title]

Derived terms

• outcon
• unconned

Translations

to trick or defraud, usually for personal gain

• Dutch:bedriegen(nl)
• Finnish:huijata(fi),vedättää(fi)
• French:duper(fr),escroquer(fr)
• German:betrügen(de),austricksen(de),reinlegen(de)
• Greek:ξεγελώ(el)(xegeló)

  Ancient:φενακίζω(phenakízō)

• Ingrian:veetellä
• Japanese:Lừa す(ja)(damasu),ごまかす(ja)(gomakasu)
• Macedonian:и́змами(ízmami)
• Maori:pīnono,whakateke
• Nepali:छक्याउनु(chakyāunu)
• Russian:обма́нывать(ru)impf(obmányvatʹ),обману́ть(ru)pf(obmanútʹ),надува́ть(ru)impf(naduvátʹ),наду́ть(ru)pf(nadútʹ)(colloquial, to "blow up"),разводить(ru)impf(razvoditʹ)(slang)
• Spanish:engañar(es),estafar(es),embaucar(es)
• Swedish:bedra(sv),lura(sv),bluffa(sv)

Related terms

terms derived from "con" (swindle)

• con artist
• con game
• con man
• con trick

Etymology 5

From earliercond;seeconn.

Verb

con(third-person singular simple presentcons,present participleconning,simple past and past participleconned)

1. Alternative form ofconn(“direct a ship”)

Noun

con(uncountable)

1. Alternative form ofconn(“navigationaldirection of a ship”)

Derived terms

• take the con

Etymology 6

Clippingofconventionorconference.

Noun

con(pluralcons)

1. (informal)Anorganizedgathering,such as aconvention,conference,orcongress.
   • 1995September 4, Lindsay Crawford, “Re: Intersection”, inrec.arts.sf.fandom‎^[4](Usenet),message-ID <9509042250393785@emerald >:

     I can't speak for Faye as ed of FHAPA, but it would be really swell of someone could send us a set of Intersection daily newszines, plus anyconflyers or other fannish papers that were there to had for the picking up: fannish things, you know, not including media, gaming, filking or costuming, fine fun but not my cup of blog, thank you.

Derived terms

• con crud
• confan
• con flu
• congoer
• conrunner
• constaff
• consuite
• furcon
• post-con depression
• relaxacon
• Trekcon

Etymology 7

Clippingofconversion.

Noun

con(pluralcons)

1. (informal)Theconversionof part of abuilding.

   We're getting a loftcondone next year.

Etymology 8

Clippingofconsumption.

Noun

con(uncountable)

1. (informal,obsolete)Consumption;pulmonary tuberculosis.(Can weverify⁽⁺⁾this sense?)

Etymology 9

Origin uncertain. Perhaps a clipping ofMiddle Englishacquerne,aquerne,ocquerne,okerne(“squirrel”),fromOld Englishācweorna,āqueorna,āquorna,ācurna(“squirrel”),fromProto-West Germanic*aikwernō,fromProto-Germanic*aikwernô(“squirrel”);or from itsOld Norsecognateíkorni(“squirrel”),from the same ultimate source. Cognate withWest Frisianiikhoarn(“squirrel”),Dutcheekhoorn(“squirrel”),GermanEichhorn(“squirrel”),Icelandicíkorni(“squirrel”).

Alternative forms

• conn

Noun

con(pluralcons)

1. (dialectalorobsolete)Squirrel,particularly thered squirrel.(Can weverify⁽⁺⁾this sense?)
2. (Northern England,obsolete)A squirrel'snest.(Can weverify⁽⁺⁾this sense?)

Etymology 10

Clippingofconservative;comparelib.

Noun

con(pluralcons)

1. (abbreviation)A politicalconservative.(Can weverify⁽⁺⁾this sense?)

   own thecons

Derived terms

• neocon
• Obamacon

Etymology 11

Clippingofconsolidationorconsolidated.

Noun

con(plural not attested)

1. (business,marketing)Abbreviationofconsolidation:only used innaming.(Can weverify⁽⁺⁾this sense?)

Adjective

con(notcomparable)

1. (business,marketing)Abbreviationofconsolidated:only used innaming.(Can weverify⁽⁺⁾this sense?)

Synonyms

consolidation, consolidated

• consol

See also

English terms containing "con" etymologically unrelated to the above entries

• air-con
• arroz con pollo
• bodycon
• café con leche
• chile con carne
• chili con carne
• chili con queso
• chilli con carne
• con amore
• con brio
• cone
• con law
• con moto
• con-non-con
• con rod
• con-scan
• con-sensual
• con sord
• con sordini
• con sordino
• crim con
• fabes con amasueles
• loli-con
• mod cons
• nem con
• non-con

Anagrams

• CNO,NCO,NOC,OCN,ONC,onc

Aragonese

Etymology

FromLatincum(“with”).

Preposition

con

1. with

Asturian

Alternative forms

• cun(Western Asturias)
• cu(Cabrales)

Etymology

FromLatincum(“with”).

Preposition

con

1. with

Derived terms

• col
• cola
• coles
• colo
• colos
• con eso
• conque

Catalan

Etymology

BorrowedfromLatincōnus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):(Central,Balearic,Valencia)[ˈkɔn]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

conm(pluralcons)

1. cone

Related terms

• cònic

Chinese

Etymology 1

ClippingofEnglishcontact lens.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese(Jyutping):kon¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping:kon¹
    • Yale:kōn
    • Cantonese Pinyin:kon¹
    • Guangdong Romanization:kon¹
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰɔːn⁵⁵/

Noun

con

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese)contact lens(Classifier:Chỉ／Chỉc;Viênc;Phóc)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms ofKính sát tròng( “contact lens” )[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		Giác mạc tiếp xúc kính,Kính sát tròng
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	Kính sát tròng
Cantonese	Hong Kong	Kính sát tròng,con
Southern Min	Yilan	Ẩn hình kính quang lọc
Wu	Shanghai	Kính sát tròng,Vô hình mắt kính

Derived terms

• colour con／color con
• con xác／con xác
• con hộp
• day con
• Mắt to con
• Mang con
• Ngày con
• Nguyệt con

Etymology 2

Clippingofhappycorner,fromEnglishhappy corner.

Alternative forms

• corn

Pronunciation

• Cantonese(Jyutping):kon¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping:kon¹
    • Yale:kōn
    • Cantonese Pinyin:kon¹
    • Guangdong Romanization:kon¹
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰɔːn⁵⁵/

Noun

con

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese,chieflyschoolslang)happy corner

Verb

con

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese,chieflyschoolslang)tohappy corner
   • 2004,“Đại học đón người mới đến xuất quỹ chơi Con đâm hạ thể”,inĐại học tuyến‎^[5]:

     Điều tra biểu hiện, có bảy thành nam sinh là ở không tình nguyện dưới tình huống bịcon.Mặt khác, gần bốn thành chịu phóng giả tỏ vẻ cho dù “BịconGiả” phản kháng, cũng sẽ không đình chỉconNgười.

     Survey has shown that 70% of males arehappy corneredinvoluntarily. Also, nearly 40% of correspondents states that they would nothappy corneringpeople, even when the one who ishappy corneredis resisting.

Etymology 3

ClippingofEnglishconcert.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese(Jyutping):kon¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping:kon¹
    • Yale:kōn
    • Cantonese Pinyin:kon¹
    • Guangdong Romanization:kon¹
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰɔːn⁵⁵/

Noun

con

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese)concert(Classifier:Tràng／Tràngc)

Synonyms

• Buổi biểu diễn／Buổi biểu diễn(yǎnchànghuì)

Etymology 4

ClippingofEnglishcontest.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese(Jyutping):kon¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping:kon¹
    • Yale:kōn
    • Cantonese Pinyin:kon¹
    • Guangdong Romanization:kon¹
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰɔːn⁵⁵/

Noun

con

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese,chiefly in compounds)contest

Derived terms

• sing con

Etymology 5

ClippingofEnglishconsultationorEnglishconsult.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese(Jyutping):kon¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping:kon¹
    • Yale:kōn
    • Cantonese Pinyin:kon¹
    • Guangdong Romanization:kon¹
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰɔːn⁵⁵/

Verb

con

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese,universityslang)toconsultor toquestiona student societycandidatebefore theelection

Derived terms

• con sẽ／con sẽ

Etymology 6

ClippingofEnglishcontractor.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese(Jyutping):kon⁶

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping:kon⁶
    • Yale:kohn
    • Cantonese Pinyin:kon⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization:kon⁶
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰɔːn²²/

Noun

con

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese)contractor

Derived terms

• main con
• sub con
• T-con

Etymology 7

ClippingofEnglishconference.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese(Jyutping):kon¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping:kon¹
    • Yale:kōn
    • Cantonese Pinyin:kon¹
    • Guangdong Romanization:kon¹
    • SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰɔːn⁵⁵/

Noun

con

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese,only in compounds)conference

Derived terms

• con call

Dalmatian

Etymology 1

FromLatincum.

Preposition

con

1. with

Etymology 2

FromLatincunnus.

Noun

conm

1. (vulgar)vulva,cunt

Fala

Alternative forms

• cun(Lagarteiru, less common in Valverdeñu)

Etymology

FromOld Galician-Portuguesecon,fromLatincum,fromProto-Indo-European*ḱóm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kon/
• Rhymes:-on
• Syllabification:con

Preposition

con

1. (Mañegu,Valverdeñu)with

   Antonym:sin

   • 2000,Domingo Frades Gaspar,Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala,Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 2: Númerus:

     Cumu to é custión de proporciós, sin que sirva de argumentu por nun fel falta, poemus vel que en a misma Europa hai Estaus Soberariusconmenus territoriu que os tres lugaris nossus, cumu:

     As everything is a matter of proportions, without its presence being an argument, we can see that even in Europe there are Sovereign Stateswithless territory than our three places, such as:

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021)Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[6],2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published2022,→ISBN

French

Etymology

InheritedfromLatincunnus,probably ultimately ofProto-Indo-Europeanorigin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kɔ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

conm(pluralcons,feminineconne)

1. (vulgar)cunt,pussy(the female genitalia)
2. (vulgar)arsehole,asshole,fucktard,cunt,retard(stupid person)
   • 2021,Angèle,Plus de sens:

     Comme unconqui dit ce qu’il pense,[…]rien n’a plus de sens.

     Like anassholewho says what he thinks, [...] nothing makes sense anymore.

Adjective

con(feminineconne,masculine pluralcons,feminine pluralconnes)

1. (slang,vulgar)stupid

   Synonym:stupide

Derived terms

• à la con
• archicon
• con comme la Lune
• con comme ses pieds
• con comme un balai
• con comme un manche
• connard
• connasse
• connerie
• faire le con
• piège à cons

Further reading

• “con”,inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.

Anagrams

• onc

Galician

Alternative forms

• com(reintegrationist)

Etymology 1

FromOld Galician-Portuguesecon,fromLatincum(“with”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/koŋ/[kʊŋ]
• Rhymes:-oŋ

Preposition

con

1. with

   Antonym:sen

Derived terms

with + the

-	Singular	Plural
Masculine	co	cos
Feminine	coa	coas

• cun
• cunha
• cunhas
• cuns

Conjunction

con

1. and

   Synonym:e

Etymology 2

Cons,Couso, Ribeira, Galicia

Boulder known asCon da Edra(Ivy's boulder)

Attested in local Medieval Latin documents ascauno,with a derivedcauneto,fromProto-Celtic*akaunon(“stone”),fromProto-Indo-European*h₂éḱmō.Unlikely from Latincōnus,which should have originated a word with a closed stressed vowel.Doubletofgouño.

Alternative forms

• co,coio

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈkɔŋ/[ˈkɔŋ]
• Rhymes:-ɔŋ

Noun

conm(pluralcons)

1. boulder,specially those foundsemi-submergedat theseashore

   Synonyms:laxe,petón

Derived terms

• Coedo
• Con

Related terms

• coído
• coio

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane,María Álvarez de la Granja,Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo(2006–2022) “con”,inDicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval(in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “caun”,inCorpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval(in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández,editor (2006–2013), “con”,inDicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega[Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández,Ernesto Xosé González Seoane,María Álvarez de la Granja,editors (2003–2018), “con”,inTesouro informatizado da lingua galega(in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco,editor (2014–2024), “con”,inTesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués(in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega,→ISSN

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kɔnˠ/

Noun

conmsg

1. genitivesingularofcú

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
con	chon	gcon
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kon/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-on
• Hyphenation:con

Etymology 1

FromLatincum(“with”),fromProto-Italic*kom,fromProto-Indo-European*ḱóm(“next to, at, with, along”).

Preposition

con

1. with,together

   Antonym:senza

2. (rowing)coxed

Usage notes

• When followed by the definite article,conmay be combined with the article to produce the following combined forms (marking these combined forms in writing is old-fashioned, and very rarely used apart fromcolandcoi;however, it has always been very common in speech, and it still is):

con+ article	Combined form
con +il	col
con +lo	collo
con +l'	coll'
con +i	coi
con +gli	cogli
con +la	colla
con +le	colle

Etymology 2

Alternative form ofcom,apocopic formofcome,found before consonants other than ⟨b⟩, ⟨m⟩, ⟨p⟩.

Adverb

con(apocopated)

1. (obsolete)Alternative form ofcom,Apocopicform ofcome
   • 1316–c. 1321,Dante Alighieri,“Canto XXXI”,inParadiso[Heaven]‎^[7],lines58–60;republished asGiorgio Petrocchi,editor,La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata[The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎^[8],2^ndrevised edition, Florence:publ.Le Lettere,1994:

     Uno intendëa, e altro mi rispuose:
     credea veder Beatrice e vidi un sene
     vestitoconle genti glorïose.

     One listened, and another one answered me; I thought I saw Beatrice, and I saw an old man, dressedlikethe [other] glorious people

Derived terms

• conciossiaché
• conciossiacosaché

References

• con¹in Treccani.it –Vocabolario Treccani on line,Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
• con²in Treccani.it –Vocabolario Treccani on line,Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Ladin

Alternative forms

• cun(Gherdëina, Badia)

Etymology

FromLatincum(“with”).

Preposition

con

1. with

   Antonyms:zenza,zënza

Ligurian

Etymology

FromLatincum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈkuŋ/

Preposition

con

1. with

con+ article	Combined form
con+o	co-o
con+a	co-a
con+i	co-i
con+e	co-e

Middle Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kon/

Noun

conm

1. genitivesingular/dual/pluralofcú

Mutation

Middle Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
con	chon	con pronounced with/ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Muong

Alternative forms

• còn

Etymology

FromProto-Vietic*kɔːn,fromProto-Mon-Khmer*kuunor*kuən.Cognates includeOld Monkon,Khmerកូន(koun),Bahnarkon,Vietnamesecon.

Noun

con

1. (Mường Bi)child

Classifier

con

1. (Mường Bi)Indicates animals (including the human)

References

• Hà Quang Phùng (2012 September 6) “Archived copy”, inTìm hiểu về ngữ pháp tiếng Mường (Thim hiếu wuê ngử pháp thiểng Mường)[Understanding Muong grammar]‎^[9](FlashPaper; overall work in Vietnamese and Muong), Thanh Sơn–Phú Thọ Province Continuing Education Center, archived fromthe originalon19 September 2016

Old French

Etymology 1

FromLatincunnus.

Noun

conoblique singular,m(oblique pluralcons,nominative singularcons,nominative pluralcon)

1. (vulgar)cunt(human female genitalia)

Descendants

• French:con

See also

• landie

Etymology 2

Conjunction

con

1. Alternative form ofcome(“as, like”)

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

InheritedfromLatincum,fromProto-Indo-European*ḱóm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kõ/

Preposition

con

1. with

Descendants

• Fala:con
• Galician:con
• Portuguese:com(see there for further descendants)

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kon/

Noun

conm

1. genitivesingular/dual/pluralofcú

Conjunction

con

1. Alternative form ofco(“so that”)
   • c.800,Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus(reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb.12^c38

     confestar cách

     so thateveryone may know

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
con	chon	con pronounced with/ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Spanish

Etymology

FromLatincum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kon/

Preposition

con

1. with
   • c.1200,Cantar del Mio Cid:

     Çid, en el nuestro mal vos non ganades nada;
     mas ¡el Criador vos valacontodas sus vertudes sanctas!»

     Cid, from our ill you gain nothing;
     but may the Creator protect youwithall his holy powers!

Descendants

• Ladino:kon
• Spanish:con

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈkʰɔn/

Noun

con

1. genitivepluralofcù

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
con	chon
Note:Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Colin Mark(2003) “cù”, inThe Gaelic-English dictionary,London: Routledge,→ISBN,page184

Spanish

Etymology

InheritedfromLatincum(“with”),fromProto-Italic*kom,fromProto-Indo-European*ḱóm(“next to, at, with, along”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/kon/[kõn]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-on
• Syllabification:con

Preposition

con

1. with

   Antonym:sin

2. on

   Yo cuentoconustedes.―I countonyou.

Derived terms

• con el fin de
• con el tiempo
• con que
• con tal de
• con tal que
• conque
• para con

See also

• conmigo
• consigo
• contigo

Further reading

• “con”,inDiccionario de la lengua española[Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), 23rd edition,Royal Spanish Academy,2014 October 16

Vietnamese

Etymology

FromMiddle Vietnamesecon,fromProto-Vietic*kɔːn,fromProto-Mon-Khmer*kuun ~ *kuən.Cognate withMuongcòn,Thavungกอน,Monကွေန်(kon),Khmerកូន(koun),Bahnarkon,Khasikhun,Central Nicobaresekōan.For semantic relations, compareChineseTử(“child; small thing; son”),JapaneseTử(shi, ko,“child; small thing; son; boy; girl”).See alsonon(“young, juvenile”),which is from an infixed form of the root.

Attested in theAnnan Jishi( An Nam tức cảnh làm thơ, 13th century) asCàn(MCkan).

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội)IPA^(key):[kɔn˧˧]
• (Huế)IPA^(key):[kɔŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon)IPA^(key):[kɔŋ˧˧]

• Audio(Hà Nội):

  (file)

• Audio(Saigon):

  (file)

Noun

(classifierđứa)con•(𡥵,Côn)

1. achild(daughter or son)

   con cái―children

   con nuôi―an adopted child

   gà con―a chick

   Con cóc con làconcon cóc.

   Atoadletis an offspring of a toad.

   • 1983,Homer, translated by Phan Thị Miến,Ô-đi-xê[The Odyssey]:

     Tê-lê-mác,con!Đừng làm rầy mẹ, mẹ còn muốn thử thách cha ở tại nhà này. Thế nào rồi mẹ con cũng sẽ nhận ra, chắc chắn như vậy. Hiện giờ cha còn bẩn thỉu, áo quần rách rưới, nên mẹ con khinh cha, chưa nói: “Đích thị là chàng rồi!”. […]

     Telemachus, myson!Don’t you bother your mother, she still wants to put me to trials at this home. She will recognize me eventually, there is no doubt about that. I still look like a rascal, in torn clothes, that is why your mother still doubts me, she is yet to say: “It was definitely you this whole time!”. […]

2. (rare,chiefly in translations of ancient texts)ason

   Antonym:con gái

3. (only in compounds, in fixed expressions)build;stature

Derived terms

• bà con
• bé con
• cháu con
• con cái
• con cháu
• con gái
• đô con
• nhỏ con
• to con

Noun

con•(𡥵,Côn)

1. (rare,only in compounds)asmallthing

   con quay―a spinning top

   con lắc―a pendulum

Derived terms

• con con(“rather small”)
• cỏn con(“tiny”)

See also

• tử

Pronoun

con•(𡥵,Côn)

1. I/me(used by children when talking to their parents)
2. (chieflyCentral VietnamandSouthern Vietnam)I/me(used when talking to someone significantly older than the speaker)
3. you(used by parents when talking to their children)
4. (chieflyCentral VietnamandSouthern Vietnam)you(used when talking to some significantly younger than the speaker)

   Làconthật!

   It'syoufor real!

Usage notes

• Sense (4) is chiefly used in Central and Southern Vietnam, perhaps extensively to North Central Vietnam. In Northern Vietnam,cháuis used instead. Some Northerners, however, do usecon,especially when talking to Southern children on Southern TV shows.

Synonyms

• (you (4)):cháu

Classifier

con

1. Indicates animals (including humans).
2. (disrespectful)Indicates female people.

   Antonym:thằng

   một thằng, hai con―one guy, two girls

3. Indicates knives, ships, boats, trains andeye pupils.

   con dao―a knife

4. Indicates roads, rivers, streams and waves.

   trên con đường đến hạnh phúc―on the road/path to happiness

5. (somewhatliterary)Indicates written characters.

   con chữ―a character or letter

6. (colloquial)Indicates wheeled vehicles.

   Anh mày có hẳn haiconxe Honda đấy nhớ!

   I have two Honda motorbikes!

7. (colloquial)Indicates video games and movies.

   Ông chơicongame này chưa?

   Have you played this game?

Usage notes

• Even thoughcon ngườiis used, it is generally thought of as a noun phrase on its own, andngườidoes not require a classifier because it is itself a classifier (compareJapaneseNgười(nin)).Mộtconngười"a person" does not sound dehumanizing, but even literary, whilemột ngườisounds casual enough.
• The phrasecon ngườiis popularly employed as a philosophical trope or device to bring up discussions about what it means to be human as opposed to being an animal, even though it is not really semantically convincing given the fact that humans are, zoologically, animals, and there are non-animal things going with this classifier.

Derived terms

• con bạc
• con thú
• con vật

See also

• cái

Zazaki

Etymology

Related toPersianجان(jân).

Noun

con

1. soul