horde

See also:Horde,hörde,andhørde

English

WOTD – 6 August 2007

Etymology

Recorded in English since 1555. FromMiddle Frenchhorde,fromGermanHorde,fromPolishhorda,fromRussianорда́(ordá,“horde ", 'clan, troop'”),probably fromKipchak Turkic(compareTatarурда(urda,“horde”)), ultimately fromProto-Turkic*ordu(“place of staying of the army, ruler etc.”).Cognates includeTurkishordu(“camp, army”),Mongolianорд(ord,“court, castle, royal compound, camp, horde”)andKalmykорда(orda).DoubletofordaandUrdu.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation)enPR:hôd,IPA^(key):/hɔːd/
• (General American)enPR:hôrd,IPA^(key):/hɔɹd/

  • Audio(US):

    (file)

• (General Australian)enPR:hôd,IPA^(key):/hoːd/

  • Audio(General Australian):

    (file)

• (rhotic,without thehorse–hoarsemerger)enPR:hōrd,IPA^(key):/ho(ː)ɹd/
• (non-rhotic,without thehorse–hoarsemerger)IPA^(key):/hoəd/
• Rhymes:-ɔː(ɹ)d
• Homophones:hoard,whored

Noun

horde(pluralhordes)

1. A wanderingtrooporgang;especially, aclanortribeof anomadicpeople (originally Tatars) migrating from place to place for the sake ofpasturage,plunder,etc.; a predatorymultitude.
2. Alargenumberof people or things.

   We were beset by ahordeof street vendors who thought we were tourists and would buy their cheap souvenirs.

   • 1907,Jack London,Before Adam,Chapter IV:

     It is true, the more progressive members of ourhordelived in the caves above the river.

Derived terms

• Golden Horde
• hordelike
• horde mode
• hordesman
• primal horde
• yellow horde

Translations

wandering troop or gang

• Azerbaijani:ordu(az),qoşun(az)
• Belarusian:арда́f(ardá)
• Bulgarian:о́рда(bg)f(órda)
• Catalan:hordaf
• Chinese:

  Mandarin:Hãn quốc／Hãn quốc(zh)(hánguó)(referring to Mongolian Golden Horde),Oát lỗ tai(zh)(wò'ěrduǒ)(referring to other Central Asian hordes)

• Czech:hordaf
• Danish:horde(da)c
• Dutch:horde(nl)f
• Esperanto:hordo
• Finnish:orda
• French:horde(fr)f
• German:Horde(de)f
• Greek:ορδή(el)f(ordí)
• Indonesian:gerombolan(id)
• Irish:sluam
• Italian:orda(it)f
• Japanese:オルド(orudo)
• Kalmyk:орда(orda)
• Kazakh:орда(orda)
• Korean:오르도(oreudo)
• Kyrgyz:ордо(ordo)
• Macedonian:ордаf(orda)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic:орд(mn)(ord)

  Mongolian:ᠣᠷᠳ᠋ᠤ(ordu)

• Nogai:орда(orda)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål:horde(no)m

  Nynorsk:hordem

• Polish:horda(pl)f
• Portuguese:horda(pt)f
• Russian:орда́(ru)f(ordá)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic:хо̑рдаf

  Roman:hȏrda(sh)f

• Spanish:horda(es)f
• Swedish:hord(sv)c
• Tatar:урда(tt)(urda)
• Turkish:ordu(tr)
• Turkmen:oorda
• Ukrainian:орда́(uk)f(ordá)
• Uzbek:oʻrda(uz)
• Volapük:nomadatrup
• Yakut:ордуу(orduu)

a large number of people

• Bulgarian:пълчи́ще(bg)n(pǎlčíšte)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin:Quần chúng／Quần chúng(zh)(qúnzhòng),Đại chúng／Đại chúng(zh)(dàzhòng),Di động／Di động(zh)(yídòng),Bộ lạc(zh)(bùluò)

• Czech:hordaf
• Danish:horde(da)c
• Dutch:horde(nl)f
• Esperanto:hordo
• Finnish:lauma(fi),ihmislauma
• French:horde(fr)f
• German:Horde(de)f
• Greek:ορδή(el)f(ordí)
• Hungarian:sereg(hu),horda(hu)
• Irish:sluam
• Italian:orda(it)f
• Macedonian:ордаf(orda),толпаf(tolpa)
• Maori:manomano,tini,tinimano
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål:horde(no)m

• Portuguese:multidão(pt)f
• Russian:орда́(ru)f(ordá),по́лчище(ru)n(pólčišče)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic:хо̑рдаf,ру̏љаf

  Roman:hȏrda(sh)f,rȕlja(sh)f

• Ukrainian:орда́(uk)f(ordá)

Verb

horde(third-person singular simple presenthordes,present participlehordingorhordeing,simple past and past participlehorded)

1. totravelen masse,toflock
   • 1824,T. E.,Oriental Wanderings, or the Fortunes of Felix. A romance,page69:

     "What wouldst thou insinuate?" replied Elmuton, sarcastically; “has he not been watched, and secretly discoveredhordeingwith Christians?

Usage notes

• Sometimes confused withhoard.

Anagrams

• Herod,Rhode,Rohde

Danish

Etymology

FromGermanHorde.

Noun

hordec(singular definitehorden,plural indefinitehorder)

1. horde

Inflection

Declension ofhorde

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	horde	horden	horder	horderne
genitive	hordes	hordens	horders	hordernes

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈɦɔrdə/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation:hor‧de
• Rhymes:-ɔrdə

Etymology 1

Noun

hordef(pluralhordenorhordes,diminutivehordetjen)

1. Ahorde
2. Atroopofboy scouts,comprising no more than 24cubs

Etymology 2

Noun

hordef(pluralhorden,diminutivehordetjen)

1. A grosssieve
2. Ahurdle

Derived terms

• hordeloop

References

• M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols,Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk),Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]

French

Pronunciation

• ^{(aspirated h)}IPA^(key):/ɔʁd/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

hordef(pluralhordes)

1. ahorde

Further reading

• “horde”,inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.

Fula

Alternative forms

• (Maasina)hoorde

Noun

hordende

1. (Pulaar)calabash

References

• M. Niang,Pulaar-English English-Pulaar Standard Dictionary,New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997.

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

horde

1. Alternative form ofhord

Etymology 2

Verb

horde

1. Alternative form ofhorden

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

FromGermanHorde.

Noun

hordem(definite singularhorden,indefinite pluralhorder,definite pluralhordene)

1. ahorde

References

• “horde”inThe Bokmål Dictionary.

Upper Sorbian

Adjective

horde

1. inflection ofhordy:
   1. neuternominative/accusativesingular
   2. nominative/accusativeplural