j

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also:J[U+004A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J],յ[U+0575 ARMENIAN SMALL LETTER YI],Appendix:Variations of "j",and[U+148E CANADIAN SYLLABICS COO]

jU+006A,j
LATIN SMALL LETTER J
i
[U+0069]
Basic Latin k
[U+006B]

Translingual

EnglishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedia

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. The tenth letter of thebasic modern Latin Alpha bet.

Pronunciation

  • Pronunciation of IPA[jːɑː, ɑjjɑː]with the sound[j]:(file)

Symbol

EnglishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedia

j

  1. (IPA)apalatalapproximanta.k.a.yod.
  2. (superscript⟨ʲ⟩,IPA)palatalization([j]-coloring) of a consonant; or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic[j].
  3. (pharmacy,obsolete)one.
    j
    one ounce
  4. (physics)imaginary unit

See also

Other representations of J:

English

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ,pluraljsorj's)

  1. The tenthletterof the EnglishAlpha bet,calledjayand written in theLatin script.
Usage notes
  • InSpanishlanguageloanwordsand names, "j" is pronounced as an "h",for example infajitaandJulio.
  • The name of this letter is spelledjay,pluraljays
  • In Scotland, this letter is sometimes spelledjy,to reflect the local pronunciation.
Derived terms
See also

Noun

j(pluraljs)

  1. (slang)A term for amarijuanacigarette ('joint').
    "I went outside to smoke myself aJ"—Paul Simon,from the song "Late in the Evening" from the album, "One Trick Pony."
  2. (mathematics)An alternative version ofi,the positive square root of -1; used in the context of electronics.
  3. (mathematics)The secondunitvector,afteri

Etymology 2

Abbreviation.

Suffix

j

  1. (stenoscript)a suffix or final syllable /ʃən/ (-tion,-sion,etc.)

Araki

Pronunciation

Letter

j(uppercaseJ)

  1. Aletterof theArakiAlpha bet.

Azerbaijani

Pronunciation

Letter

jlower case(upper caseJ)

  1. The fifteenthletterof the AzerbaijaniAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Basque

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):(Southern)/xota/,[xo̞.t̪a]
  • IPA(key):(Northern)/jota/,[jo̞.t̪a]

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the BasqueAlpha bet,calledjotaand written in theLatin script.

See also

Central Mazahua

Pronunciation

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. A letter of theMazahuaAlpha bet.

See also

Chipewyan

Pronunciation

  1. IPA(key):/t͜ʃ/

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. Aletterof the ChipewyanAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

Dutch

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. the tenth letter of the Dutch Alpha bet

See also

  • Previous letter:i
  • Next letter:k

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Interjection

iA2
  1. O!(vocativeinterjection)

Alternative forms

Descendants

  • Old Coptic:ⲏⲓ(ēi)

Verb

iA2
  1. (transitive)tosay

Usage notes

By historical times, this verb is used almost exclusively as part of the quotativejnin its various forms.

Alternative forms

Noun

i
D78B

m

  1. (rare)statement,report,word(about someone’s good qualities)[Pyramid Texts]
    • c.2255BCE– 2246BCE,Pyramid Texts of Merenre— west wall of the corridor’s north section, line 25–27, spell 609.18–22:[1]
      ini&nmin
      f
      d
      Z1Z1Z1Z1
      ipwiAt
      iAt
      tyw

      N41sQ2wHrD
      a
      bsn
      pr
      r
      r
      iwmgsiAbn
      p
      t
      pt

      wT
      z
      U39sni
      D78B
      kp
      n
      nfrnnHbkAkAkAD30

      D&dnn
      k
      zAt
      k
      N41
      t

      wT
      z
      U39nnHbkAkAkAD30i
      D78B
      kp
      n
      nfrrnR8AR8AR8AR8AR8AR8A
      jn mjn (j)fd(w) jpw jꜣtjw
      ḥmsw ḥr ḏꜥb.sn prrjw m gs jꜣb n(j) pt
      wṯz.snj.k pn nfr n nḥb-kꜣw
      ḏd.n n.k zꜣt.k jdt
      wṯz nḥb-kꜣwj.k pn nfr n psḏtj
      • Translation by Allen[2]
        Astatementwill be fetched to the four mound-gods who sit at their charcoal-burning and emerge from the eastern side of the sky, and they will bear this goodstatementof you, which your daughter the Cow has spoken for you, to Kas-Assigner, and Kas-Assigner will bear this goodstatementof you to the Dual Ennead.
    • c.2246BCE– 2152BCE,Pyramid Texts of Pepi II— east wall of the corridor’s south section, line 6–8, spell 609.18–22:[3]
      HASHHASHin<
      ppi[[i
      ><
      ranfr]]kA
      >HASHHASHHASHHASH

      HASHHASHHASHHASHHASHHASHHASHV_HASHg
      gs
      siiAbnpt
      pt

      HASHHASHV_HASHsniiin[[<
      ppii
      ><
      ra]]nfrkA
      >p
      n
      nfrr
      n
      nHHASHHASHHASH

      HASHHASH[[<
      p]]p[[i]]i
      >[[<
      ranfr]]kA
      >DHASHHASHHASHk
      [[N41]]t
      G7

      U39wTz
      n
      nHbkAkAkAD30G7ii[[in]]<
      ppii
      ><
      ranfrkA
      >p
      n
      HASHHASHHASHHASH
      [jnjj]jn(j) ppy [nfr]-kꜣ-[rꜥ n jfdw jpw jꜣtjw
      ḥmsw ḥr ḏꜥb.sn prrjw m] gs jꜣb n(j) pt
      [wṯz].snjjjn(j) [ppy] nfr-kꜣ-[rꜥ] pn nfr n nḥ[b-kꜣw]
      [… p]py [nfr]-kꜣ-[rꜥ] ḏ[d.n n.k zꜣt].k [jd]t
      wṯz nḥb-kꜣwjj[jn(j)] ppy nfr-kꜣ-rꜥ pn [nfr n psḏtj]
      • Translation by Allen (modified)[2]
        [Astate]mentof Pepi [Nefer]ka[re will be fetched to the four mound-gods who sit at their charcoal-burning and emerge from] the eastern side of the sky, and they [will bear] this goodstatementof [Pepi] Neferka[re… Pe]pi [Nefer]ka[re], which your [daughter the Co]w [has] spo[ken for you], to [Kas-As]signer, and Kas-Assigner will bear this [good]state[mentof] Pepi Neferkare [to the Dual Ennead].

Usage notes

The above quotes constitute all the known attestations of this word.

Alternative forms

Noun

iZ1Hn
Z2ss

m

  1. some part of areed,likelypaniclesorleaves

Alternative forms

References

  1. ^Allen, James(2013)A New Concordance of the Pyramid Texts,volume V, Providence: Brown University,PT 609.18–22 (Pyr. 1708a–1708f), M
  2. 2.02.1Allen, James(2005)The Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Texts,Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, page230
  3. ^Allen, James(2013)A New Concordance of the Pyramid Texts,volume V, Providence: Brown University,PT 609.18–22 (Pyr. 1708a–1708f), N

Esperanto

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The thirteenthletterof the EsperantoAlpha bet,calledjoand written in theLatin script.

See also

Estonian

EstonianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediaet

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the EstonianAlpha bet,calledjottand written in theLatin script.

See also

Faroese

Pronunciation

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. The twelfthletterof the FaroeseAlpha bet,calledjoddand written in theLatin script.

See also

Finnish

Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. Seethe Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information,andjfor information on the development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the FinnishAlpha bet,calledjiiand written in theLatin script.

See also

French

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the FrenchAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

Fula

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. Aletterof the FulaAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

See also

Gothic

Romanization

j

  1. Romanization of𐌾

Hungarian

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The seventeenthletterof the HungarianAlpha bet,calledand written in theLatin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative j j-k
accusative j-t j-ket
dative j-nek j-knek
instrumental j-vel j-kkel
causal-final j-ért j-kért
translative j-vé j-kké
terminative j-ig j-kig
essive-formal j-ként j-kként
essive-modal
inessive j-ben j-kben
superessive j-n j-ken
adessive j-nél j-knél
illative j-be j-kbe
sublative j-re j-kre
allative j-hez j-khez
elative j-ből j-kből
delative j-ről j-kről
ablative j-től j-ktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
j-é j-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
j-éi j-kéi
Possessive formsofj
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. j-m j-im
2nd person sing. j-d j-id
3rd person sing. j-je j-i
1st person plural j-nk j-ink
2nd person plural j-tek j-itek
3rd person plural j-jük j-ik

See also

Further reading

  • jinBárczi, GézaandLászló Országh.A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára( “The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.:ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • (letter name)IPA(key):/jɔðː/

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. The thirteenthletterof the IcelandicAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Ido

Pronunciation

  • (context pronunciation)IPA(key):/ʒ/
  • (letter name)IPA(key):/ʒe/

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the IdoAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Indonesian

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the IndonesianAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Italian

Letter

jform(invariable,lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. the tenth letter of theLatin Alpha bet,calledi lungain Italian

Usage notes

  • The letterJis not considered part of the contemporary Italian Alpha bet. See underJ.

Kankanaey

Etymology

BorrowedfromTagalogj.Letter pronunciation is influenced byEnglishj.

Pronunciation

  • (letter name)IPA(key):/ˈdjej/[ˈd͡ʒei̯]
  • (phoneme)IPA(key):/d͡ʒ/[d͡ʒ]

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the KankanaeyAlpha bet,calleddyeyand written in theLatin script.

See also

References

  • Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016)Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy[Kankanaey Orthography]‎[2](in Kankanaey and Tagalog),→ISBN,pages10-11

Karelian

Pronunciation

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the KarelianAlpha bet,calledjiiand written in theLatin script.

See also

Kashubian

Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin Alpha bet. No earlier script is known. See theKashubian Alpha betarticle on Wikipedia for more, andjfor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The fourteenthletterof the KashubianAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Latvian

LatvianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedialv

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed byK. Mīlenbahs,which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in GermanFraktur,and sporadically inCyrillic.

Pronunciation

Letter

J

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The fifteenthletterof the LatvianAlpha bet,calledand written in theLatin script.

See also

Livonian

Pronunciation

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. The fifteenthletterof the LivonianAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Malay

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the MalayAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Mam

Pronunciation

Letter

j(uppercaseJ)

  1. Aletterof theMamAlpha bet.

Middle English

Pronoun

j

  1. Alternative form ofI(I)

Norwegian

Pronunciation

  • (letter name):IPA(key):/jeː/,/jodː/,[jeː],[jɔdː]
  • (phoneme):IPA(key):[j],[jː]

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. Antepenultimateletter of the Norwegian Alpha bet, coming after i and before k.

Nupe

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The twelfthletterof the NupeAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Polish

Etymology

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin Alpha bet. No earlier script is known. See thehistory of Polish orthographyarticle on Wikipedia for more, andjfor development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

Letter

j(upper caseJ,lower case)

  1. The thirteenthletterof the PolishAlpha bet,calledjotand written in theLatin script.

See also

Portuguese

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the PortugueseAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Romani

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. (International Standard)The thirteenthletterof the RomaniAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax)The fourteenthletterof the RomaniAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

References

  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “J, j”,inニューエクスプレス ロマ ( ジプシー ) ngữ[New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha,→ISBN,page14

Romanian

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The thirteenthletterof the RomanianAlpha bet,calledjeorand written in theLatin script.

See also

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

  • J(uppercase)

Pronunciation

Letter

j(Cyrillic spellingј)

  1. The fourteenthletterof the Serbo-CroatianAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Silesian

Etymology

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin Alpha bet. No earlier script is known. See theSilesian languagearticle on Wikipedia for more, andjfor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The twelfthletterof the SilesianAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. The seventeenthletterof the Skolt SamiAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Spanish

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the SpanishAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Swedish

Pronunciation

Letter name
Phoneme

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the SwedishAlpha bet,calledjiand written in theLatin script.

See also

Tagalog

Etymology

BorrowedfromSpanishj.Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino Alpha bet pronunciation is influenced byEnglishj.
  • Abecedario pronunciation is fromSpanishj.

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Tagalog)
    • IPA(key):/ˈdjej/[ˈd͡ʒeɪ̯](letter name, Filipino Alpha bet)
    • IPA(key):/ˈhota/[ˈhoː.t̪ɐ](letter name, Abecedario)
    • IPA(key):/d͡ʒ/[d͡ʒ](phoneme)
    • IPA(key):/h/[h](phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords)
    • IPA(key):/s/[s](phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords, obsolete)

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ,Baybayin spellingᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜌ᜔)

  1. The tenthletterof the TagalogAlpha bet(theFilipino Alpha bet), calleddyeyand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

  • This letter is mostly used only in slang, proper nouns, or unadapted loanwords.
  • Some purists of Tagalog replacejin words withdy.

See also

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ,Baybayin spellingᜑᜓᜆ)

  1. (historical)The eleventhletterof the TagalogAlpha bet(theAbecedario), calledjotaand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

  • Some Spanish words originally with Spanishjtend to be replaced withhin Tagalog.

Further reading

  • j”,inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph,Manila,2018

Tlingit

Pronunciation

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. Aletterof the TlingitAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also

Turkish

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The thirteenthletterof the TurkishAlpha bet,calledjeand written in theLatin script.

See also


Turkmen

Pronunciation

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. The eleventhletterof the TurkmenAlpha bet,calledjeand written in theLatin script.

See also

Uzbek

Pronunciation

Letter

j(upper caseJ)

  1. The ninthletterof the UzbekAlpha bet,calledjeand written in theLatin script.

See also

Welsh

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The fourteenthletterof the WelshAlpha bet,calledèland written in theLatin script.It is preceded byiand followed byl.

Mutation

  • Ddcannot be mutated in Welsh.

See also

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “j”,inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online(in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yele

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):/t̪ʲ/(njis pronounced[nd͡ʑ])

Letter

j

  1. A letter of theYeleAlpha bet. Only occurs in the digraph⟨nj⟩.

See also

Yoruba

Pronunciation

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The eleventhletterof the YorubaAlpha bet,calledand written in theLatin script.

See also

Zulu

Letter

j(lower case,upper caseJ)

  1. The tenthletterof the ZuluAlpha bet,written in theLatin script.

See also