nb

See also:Nb,NB,nB,n.b.,N.B.,NB.,andN.-B.

Translingual

Symbol

nb

1. (international standards)ISO 639-1language codeforNorwegian Bokmål.

English

Pronunciation

• Audio(General Australian):

  (file)

Pronoun

nb

1. (Internetslang,text messaging)Abbreviationofnobody.
   • 2023May 10, @mkarrdashh,Twitter‎^[1],archived fromthe originalon3 November 2023:

     i hate when i text in the gc andnbreplys^[sic]

   • 2023June 29, @imkaay,Twitter‎^[2],archived fromthe originalon3 November 2023:

     everybody say they hiring butnbhiringggg fr 🙄

   • 2023August 31, u/Regular_Fisherman_51, “first day of high school coming up i need some advice quick”, inReddit‎^[3],r/BruceDropEmOff, archived fromthe originalon3 November 2023:

     Do yo own thing and don't gaf about whatnbelse say

   • 2023October 5, u/Colors100, “Just need someone to talk to”, inReddit‎^[4],r/SuicideWatch, archived fromthe originalon3 November 2023:

     Public school was hell bcnbwanted to be my friend or associate with me due to me being trans.

Noun

nb

1. (cricket)Initialism ofno ball.

Phrase

nb

1. Initialism ofnota bene.

Adjective

nb(notcomparable)

1. Alternative form ofNB:initialism ofnon-binary.

Anagrams

• B.N.,Bn,Bn.,bn,bn.

Demotic

Etymology 1

FromEgyptian(nb,“all, every”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/niːβ/

Determiner

1. (definite)all,every
2. (indefinite)any

Descendants

• Akhmimic Coptic:ⲛⲓⲙ(nim)
• Bohairic Coptic:ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ(niben)
• Fayyumic Coptic:ⲛⲓⲃⲓ(nibi)
• Lycopolitan Coptic:ⲛⲓⲙ(nim)
• Oxyrhynchite Coptic:ⲛⲓⲙ(nim)
• Coptic Dialect P:ⲛⲓⲃ(nib)
• Sahidic Coptic:ⲛⲓⲙ(nim)

Etymology 2

FromEgyptian(nb,“lord”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/neːβ/

Noun

m

1. lord

Descendants

• Bohairic Coptic:ⲛⲏⲃ(nēb)
• Old Coptic:ⲛⲏⲃ(nēb)

Etymology 3

FromEgyptian(nbt,“mistress, lady”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):/ˈneːβə/

Noun

f

1. mistress,lady(woman with authority over something)

References

• Erichsen, Wolja (1954)Demotisches Glossar,Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, pages212–213
• Johnson, Janet(2000)Thus Wrote ꜥOnchsheshonqy: An Introductory Grammar of Demotic‎^[5],third edition, Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago,→ISBN,page 7

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological)IPA^(key):/nɛb/
  • Conventional anglicization:neb

Determiner

1. all,every
2. every other
3. allsortsof, allkindsof
4. (especially in negated clauses)any

Inflection

Declension ofnb

	masculine	feminine
singular	nb	nbt
dual	nbwj	nbtj
plural	nbw	nbwt1,nbt2
Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun. From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural. In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.

In the Pyramid Texts of Unas, among certain other Old Egyptian texts,nbis usually not inflected by gender and number but invariably appears asnb.Even within these texts, however, inflected forms sporadically appear.

In Late Egyptian, as all forms collapsed together with the masculine singular, the usual writing of the word came to follow the old feminine singular,

(nbt).

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofnb

nb	nbt	nbw	nb	nb
[Old and Middle Kingdoms]	[Late Egyptian]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]
rare

Derived terms

• bw-nb
• nj zp jwt ḫt nb jm
• ntj nb
• rꜥ nb
• ḥr-nb

Descendants

• Demotic:(nb)
  • Akhmimic Coptic:ⲛⲓⲙ(nim)
  • Bohairic Coptic:ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ(niben)
  • Fayyumic Coptic:ⲛⲓⲃⲓ(nibi)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic:ⲛⲓⲙ(nim)
  • Oxyrhynchite Coptic:ⲛⲓⲙ(nim)
  • Coptic Dialect P:ⲛⲓⲃ(nib)
  • Sahidic Coptic:ⲛⲓⲙ(nim)

Etymology 2

Ehret attempts to derive this term from aProto-Afroasiatic*ruub-(“to send”);as with other attempts at reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic, academic consensus is lacking, and in this case the derivation is not particularly plausible.

Pronunciation

• (reconstructed)IPA^(key):/ˈniːbuw/→/ˈniːbuw/→/neːbə/→/neːβ/

• (Old Egyptian,c. 2500BCE)IPA^(key):/ˈniːbuw/
• (Middle Egyptian,c. 1700BCE)IPA^(key):/ˈniːbuw/,in some circumstances reduced early toIPA^(key):/nib/(by dialect? contingent on phonological context?)
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian,c. 1350BCE)IPA^(key):/neːbə/(Lower Egypt?),IPA^(key):/neb/(Upper Egypt?)
• (latest Late Egyptian,c. 800BCE)IPA^(key):/neːβ/(Lower Egypt?),IPA^(key):/nep/(Upper Egypt?)

• (modern Egyptological)IPA^(key):/nɛb/
  • Conventional anglicization:neb

Noun

m

1. lord,master,ruler(of a place or people)
   • 12th Dynasty,Stela of Nakhti, British Museum EA 143:

     wsjrnb-ḏdw nṯr-ꜥꜣ […]

     Osiris,Lordof Djedu, the elder god […]

   • c.1550BCE– 1295BCE,Great Hymn to Osiris(Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 23:

     jwyt zb(.w) sjw(w) rw.w tꜣ m ḥtpw ẖrnb.f

     Wrongdoing has gone, the Slanderer has departed, and the land is in peace under itslord.

2. (without following genitive noun,often as a term of address)master,superior
3. master(of a span of time)
4. owner,possessor,bearer(of an object)
5. possessor(of an abstract quality)
   • c.1550BCE– 1295BCE,Great Hymn to Osiris(Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 23–24:

     smn mꜣꜥt nnb.s rdjw sꜣ r jsft

     Righteousness has been established for itspossessor,and the back is turned on wrong.

6. anepithetof theking
7. anepithetof variousgods,especiallyOsiris

Inflection

Declension ofnb(masculine u-stem)

singular	nb
dual	nbwj
plural	nbw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofnb

nb	nb	nb	nb	nbw	nb	nb	nbt	nb	nb
					[since the Pyramid Texts]	[Pyramid Texts]	[Late Period]	[Late and Greco- Roman Periods]	[Late and Greco- Roman Periods]
	in reference to a person	in reference to the king	in reference to a king or god	rare	common only in the Old Kingdom

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofnb

nb	nb	nb	nbw	nb	nb	nb
[since the New Kingdom]	[since the New Kingdom]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]
abbrevation	abbrevation	abbrevation	abbrevation	abbrevation	abbrevation	abbrevation

By the Late Period, the usual writing of the word came to follow the old feminine equivalentnbt(“lady, mistress”),as the two words merged into one.

Derived terms

• nb-ꜣꜥꜥw
• nb-ꜣbḏw
• nb-jmꜣḫ
• nb-jmꜣt
• nb-ꜥnḫ
• nb-ꜥḥ
• nb-wꜥ
• nb-pt
• nb-mꜣꜥt
• nb-mdw-nṯr
• nb-nswt-tꜣwj
• nb-r-ḏr
• nb-ḫꜥw
• nb-sḫm
• nb-kꜣ
• nbt
• nb-tꜣwj
• nb-tꜣ-ḏsr
• nb-tm
• nḫt-nb.f
• ḥr-nb-ꜥḥ

Descendants

• Demotic:(nb)
  • Bohairic Coptic:ⲛⲏⲃ(nēb)
  • Old Coptic:ⲛⲏⲃ(nēb)

Etymology 3

Fromm-(noun-forming prefix)+‎*bw(j)(“abomination”)with regular dissimilation ofm-ton-before a labial; for the stem, comparebwt(“abomination”),bwj(“to abominate”).

Pronunciation

• (reconstructed Late Egyptian)IPA^(key):/ˈnaβi/

• (modern Egyptological)IPA^(key):/nɛb/
  • Conventional anglicization:neb

Noun

m

1. (hapax)sin,damage,impurity[Greco-Roman Period]

Descendants

• Demotic:⁠⁠(nby),⁠⁠⁠(nbe.t)
  • Akhmimic Coptic:ⲛⲁⲃⲉ(nabe)
  • Bohairic Coptic:ⲛⲟⲃⲓ(nobi)
  • Fayyumic Coptic:ⲛⲁⲃⲓ(nabi),ⲛⲁϥⲓ(nafi)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic:ⲛⲁⲃⲉ(nabe)
  • Sahidic Coptic:ⲛⲟⲃⲉ(nobe)

Etymology 4

Romanization

nb

1. Alternative transliterationofnbw(“gold”).

References

• “nb (lemma ID 81660)”,“nb (lemma ID 81650)”,and “nbw (lemma ID 82730)”,inThesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[6],Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig,2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf,Grapow, Hermann(1928)Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[7],volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag,→ISBN,pages227.5–230.14, 234.3–236.5
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver(1962)A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian,Oxford: Griffith Institute,→ISBN,pages128–129
• Wilson, Penelope(1991)A Lexicographical Study of the Ptolemaic Texts in the Temple of Edfu,Liverpool: University of Liverpool, pages896–897, 903
• Černý, Jaroslav(1976)Coptic Etymological Dictionary,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,→ISBN,page106
• Hoch, James (1997)Middle Egyptian Grammar,Mississauga: Benben Publications,→ISBN,page42