Osteoarthritis
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Areas_affected_by_osteoarthritis.gif)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Facet_Joints.png/220px-Facet_Joints.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Osteoarthritis_in_the_left_hand_index_finger.jpg/220px-Osteoarthritis_in_the_left_hand_index_finger.jpg)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Degenerative_joint_disease_--_intermed_mag.jpg/220px-Degenerative_joint_disease_--_intermed_mag.jpg)
Osteoarthritis (OA) wani nau'in ciwon haɗin, gwiwa ne, Wanda ke haifar da rushewar guringuntsi na haɗin gwiwa da kuma ƙashin da ke ciki.[1] Mafi yawan bayyanar cututtuka sune ciwon haɗin gwiwa da taurin kai.[2] Yawancin lokaci alamun suna ci gaba a hankali a cikin shekaru.[2] Da farko suna iya faruwa ne kawai bayan motsa jiki, amma suna iya zama dindindin na tsawon lokaci.[2] Sauran alamomin na iya haɗawa da kumburin haɗin gwiwa, rage yawan motsi, kuma, lokacin da aka shafa baya, rauni ko raƙuman hannuwa da ƙafafu.[2] Abubuwan da aka fi sani da haɗin gwiwa sune, biyu kusa da ƙarshen yatsu da haɗin gwiwa a gindin manyan yatsan hannu; haɗin gwiwa da gwiwa; da haɗin gwiwar wuya da ƙananan baya.[2] Hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa a gefe ɗaya na jiki sun fi tasiri fiye da wadanda ke gefe.[2] Alamun na iya tsoma baki tare da aiki da ayyukan yau da kullum.[2] Ba kamar wasu nau'ikan cututtukan fata ba, haɗin gwiwa kawai,ba gabobin ciki ba, abin ya shafa.[2]
Dalilan sun haɗa da raunin haɗin gwiwa da ya gabata, rashin haɓakar haɗin gwiwa ko ci gaban gaɓa, da abubuwan da aka gada.[2][3] Haɗari ya fi girma a cikin waɗanda ke da kiba, suna da ƙafafu masu tsayi daban-daban, ko kuma suna da ayyukan da ke haifar da matsanancin damuwa na haɗin gwiwa.[2][3][4] An yi imani da ciwon osteoarthritis yana haifar da damuwa na inji akan haɗin gwiwa da ƙananan matakai masu kumburi.[5] Yana tasowa yayin da guringuntsi ya ɓace kuma ƙashin da ke ciki ya zama abin shafa.[2] Kamar yadda zafi zai iya sa ya zama mai wuyar motsa jiki, asarar tsoka na iya faruwa.[3][6] Ganowa yawanci bisa alamu da alamu, tare da hoton likita da sauran gwaje-gwajen da ake amfani da su don tallafawa ko kawar da wasu matsalolin.[2] Ya bambanta da rheumatoid amosanin gabbai, a cikin osteoarthritis haɗin gwiwa ba sa yin zafi ko ja.[2]
Jiyya ya haɗa da motsa jiki, rage damuwa na haɗin gwiwa kamar ta hutawa ko amfani da sanda, ƙungiyoyin tallafi, da magungunan ciwo.[2][7] Rage nauyi na iya taimakawa ga waɗanda ke da kiba.[2] Magungunan ciwo na iya haɗawa da paracetamol (acetaminophen) da kuma NSAIDs kamar naproxen ko ibuprofen.[2] Ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da opioid na dogon lokaci ba saboda rashin bayanai kan fa'idodi da kuma haɗarin jaraba da sauran illolin.[2][7] Yin aikin maye gurbin haɗin gwiwa na iya zama zaɓi idan akwai nakasa mai gudana duk da wasu jiyya.[3] Haɗin wucin gadi yawanci yana ɗaukar shekaru 10 zuwa 15.[8]
Osteoarthritis shine mafi yawan nau'in amosanin gabbai, wanda ke shafar kusan mutane miliyan 237, ko kashi 3.3% na al'ummar duniya.[9][10] A Amurka, mutane miliyan 30 zuwa 53 ne abin ya shafa,[11][12] kuma a Ostiraliya, kusan mutane miliyan 1.9 ne abin ya shafa.[13] Yana zama gama gari yayin da mutane suka tsufa.[2] Daga cikin wadanda suka haura shekaru 60, kusan kashi 10% na maza da 18% na mata suna fama da cutar.[3] Osteoarthritis shine sanadin kusan kashi 2% na shekaru suna rayuwa tare da nakasa.[10]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Arden N, Blanco F, Cooper C, Guermazi A, Hayashi D, Hunter D, Javaid MK, Rannou F, Roemer FW, Reginster JY (2015). Atlas of Osteoarthritis. Springer. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-910315-16-3. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 "Osteoarthritis". National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. April 2015. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 13 May 2015.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Glyn-Jones S, Palmer AJ, Agricola R, Price AJ, Vincent TL, Weinans H, Carr AJ (July 2015). "Osteoarthritis". Lancet. 386 (9991): 376–87. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60802-3. PMID 25748615.
- ↑ Vingård E, Englund M, Järvholm B, Svensson O, Stenström K, Brolund A, Hall C, Kedebring T, Kirkeskov L, Nordin M (1 September 2016). Occupational Exposures and Osteoarthritis: A systematic review and assessment of medical, social and ethical aspects. SBU Assessments (Report). Graphic design by Anna Edling. Stockholm: Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU). p. 1. 253 (in Swedish). Retrieved 8 April 2018.
- ↑ Berenbaum F (January 2013). "Osteoarthritis as an inflammatory disease (osteoarthritis is not osteoarthrosis!)". Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 21 (1): 16–21. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2012.11.012. PMID 23194896.
- ↑ Conaghan P (2014). "Osteoarthritis – Care and management in adults". Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 McAlindon TE, Bannuru RR, Sullivan MC, Arden NK, Berenbaum F, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Hawker GA, Henrotin Y, Hunter DJ, Kawaguchi H, Kwoh K, Lohmander S, Rannou F, Roos EM, Underwood M (March 2014). "OARSI guidelines for the non-surgical management of knee osteoarthritis". Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 22 (3): 363–88. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2014.01.003. PMID 24462672.
- ↑ Di Puccio F, Mattei L (January 2015). "Biotribology of artificial hip joints". World Journal of Orthopedics. 6 (1): 77–94. doi:10.5312/wjo.v6.i1.77. PMC 4303792. PMID 25621213.
- ↑ GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 March L, Smith EU, Hoy DG, Cross MJ, Sanchez-Riera L, Blyth F, Buchbinder R, Vos T, Woolf AD (June 2014). "Burden of disability due to musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders". Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology. 28 (3): 353–66. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2014.08.002. PMID 25481420.
- ↑ "Arthritis-Related Statistics: Prevalence of Arthritis in the United States". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services. 9 November 2016. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016.
- ↑ Cisternas MG, Murphy L, Sacks JJ, Solomon DH, Pasta DJ, Helmick CG (May 2016). "Alternative Methods for Defining Osteoarthritis and the Impact on Estimating Prevalence in a US Population-Based Survey". Arthritis Care & Research. 68 (5): 574–80. doi:10.1002/acr.22721. PMC 4769961. PMID 26315529.
- ↑ Elsternwick (2013). "A problem worth solving". Arthritis and Osteoporosis Victoria. Archived from the original on 28 April 2015.