Afirka
Afirka | |
---|---|
General information | |
Gu mafi tsayi | Mount Kibo(en) |
Yawan fili | 30,271,000 km² |
Labarin ƙasa | |
Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 21°05′38″N7°11′17″E/ 21.09375°N 7.1881°E |
Bangare na |
Ostfeste(en) Duniya Afro-Eurasia |
Kasa | no value |
Ƙasantuwa a yanayin ƙasa |
Northern hemisphere(en) Southern Hemisphere(en) |
Nahiyar Afirkaita ce nahiya ta biyu a fadin kasa da kuma yawan jama'a aduniya.Nahiyar da ke daya daga cikin nahiyoyi bakwai na duniya, tana da kasashe kimanin hamsin da hudu 54, kuma akwai ruwayoyi da dama da ke nuna yadda nahiyar Afirka ta samo asalin sunanta na Afirka din, to amma kuma dai ruwaya mafi inganci da kuma karbuwa a tarihi itace, wadda ke cewar, sunan Afirka ya samo asali ne daga kalmarMisirawata "Afru-ika" wadda ke nufin "kasar Haihuwa." Idan mutum ya kira kansa ɗan Afirka ko Ba'afirke, hakan na nuni da yadda mutum yake danganta sunansa da nahiyar Afirka a matsayin mahaifarsa. Kamar dai yadda bisa al'ada, idan mutum ya fito dagaAmurka,sai a kira shi Ba'amurke, ko kuma idan dagaTuraimutum ya fito sai a kira shiBature.Hakama wanda ya fito daga kasashenLarabawasai a kira shiBalarabeda dai sauransu.
Zauren taron kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka da ke birninAddis Ababana kasarHabasha,abun da ya kamata masu karatu su fahimta shi ne, duk da an ce sunan Afirka ya samo asali ne daga harshen mutanen Misra, to ba ana nufin harshenLarabcitsantsa ba. Domin dukkanin kasashen da ke magana da harshen Larabci kowannen su yana kuma da irin nasa karin harshen, amma tsantsar Larabci na nahawu wanda aka fi sani da 'FUSHA', Larabci ne da harshenalƙur'aniya zo da shi.
Babu shakka haka batun yake, kuma dalilin da ya sa ma sunan Afirka din ya samu daga harshen Misiranci shi ne, kasancewar shi harshen Misirancin da dadadden harshene kuma yana da tasiri sosai akan harsuna na asali kamar su harshenGirkada na Latin, kodadai dukkaninsu ana kiran su da suna harsuna 'yan asalin indiya da Turai, wato 'Indo-European languages', a Turance kenan. Kuma ita kanta kalmar ta 'Indo' ta samu ne daga kalmarIndiya,kuma ita kalmar Indiya ta samu ne daga wajenLarabawa.lokacin da suka mamaye yankin na Indiya din. Bayan da suka gano cewa Wani mutum da ake kira Kush dan Ham, yana da 'ya'ya biyu masu suna "Hind," da "Sind." To shi Hind dan Kush sai ya kafa daula a Indiya, shi kuma 'Sind' dan Kush sai ya kafa daula a yankin Larabawa. To daga nan ne Larabawa suke kiran al'ummar Indiya da suna 'Hindu'. (Ihayatu(talk) 18:44, 31 Mayu 2023 (UTC)) Tarihi dai ya nunar da cewa, tasirin da harshen Misarawa yake da shi a duniyar Larabawa da ma wasu yankuna na Afirka ya samu ne sabo da yawan fina-finai dawasannin kwaikwayoda kuma wake-waken mutanen misra da suka cika yankin. Sannan kuma kamar yadda Misirawa suke kiran mutanen da suka fito daga yankin Afirka da "Afru-ika" Su kuma mutanen Latin suna kiran afirkawan ne da nasu harshen inda suke cewa da su "Africanus"Wadda ke nufin daga Afirka". To amma kuma an fara amfani da kalmar Afru-ika lokaci maitsawo kafin a fara amfani da ta Africanus. Domin kuwa tun shekaru 400 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa Alaihis-salam, har zuwa shekaru 400 bayan komawar sa gaAllah,Rumawa sun kasance ne a arewacin Afirka. Su kuwa Girkawa sun kasance ne a Misira daga wajejen shekaru 300 kafin haihuwarAnnabi IsaAlaihissalam, zuwa kimanin shekaru 200 bayan komawarsa ga Allah.
Abubuwa masu alaka
[gyara sashe|gyara masomin]Suman Kasa | Tuta | Baban birne | Kudi | Yaren kasa | Iyaka (km²) | Mutunci | GDP per capita (PPP) | Taswira |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aljeriya[1](Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Aljeriya) | Aljir | Dinar na Aljeriya (DZD) (DA) | Larabci | 2,381,740 | 33,333,216 | $7,700 | ||
Angola[2](Jamhuriyar Angola) | Luanda | Kwanza | Portuguese | 1,246,700 | 15,941,000 | $2,813 | ||
Benin[3](Jamhuriyar Benin) | Cotonou,Porto Novo | CFA franc(sefar yammacin afirka) | Faransanci | 112,622 | 8,439,000 | $1,176 | ||
Botswana[4](Jamhuriyar Botswana) | Gaborone | Pula | Turanci,Setswana | 581,726 | 1,639,833 | $11,400 | ||
Burkina Faso[5](Jamhuriyar Burkina faso) | Ouagadougou | CFA franc( sefar yammacin afirka) | Faransanci | 274,000 | 13,228,000 | $1,284 | ||
Burundi[6](Jamhuriyar Burundi) | Bujumbura | CFA franc( sefar Burundi ) | Kirundi,faransanci,Swahili | 27,830 | 7,548,000 | $739 | ||
Kameru[7](Jamhuriyar Kameru) | Yaounde | CFA franc(sefar afirka ta tsakiya) | Fransanci,Ingelishi | 475,442 | 17,795,000 | $2,421 | ||
Kanary Islands(Spain)[8][n 1] | Santa Cruz de TenerifeandLas Palmas de Gran Canaria | Euro | Ispanianci | 7,447 | 1,995,833 | N/A | ||
Cape Verde[9](Republic of Cape Verde) | Praia | Cape Verdean escudo | Portuguese | 4,033 | 420,979 | $6,418 | ||
Jamhuriyar afirka ta tsakiya[10](Jamhuriyar Afirka ta tsakiya) | Bangui | CFA franc ( sefar afirka ta tsakiya ) | Sango,Faransanci | 622,984 | 4,216,666 | $1,198 | (Ihayatu(talk) 18:47, 31 Mayu 2023 (UTC)) | |
Keuta(Spain)[8][n 1] | align=center bgcolor=#C8C8C8 | Ceuta | Euro | ISpanianci | 28 | 76,861 | N/A | |
Cadi[11](Jamhuriyar Cadi) | Injamena | CFA franc (sefar afirka ta tsakiya ) | Faransanci,Larabci | 1,284,000 | 10,146,000 | $1,519 | ||
Komoros[12](Taraiyar Komoros) | Moroni | Comorian franc | larabci,Faransanci | 2,235 | 798,000 | $1,660 | ||
Côte d'Ivoire[13](Jamhuriyar Côte d'Ivoire) | Yamoussoukro Abidjan |
CFA franc ( sefar yammaci Afirka | Faransanci | 322,460 | 17,654,843 | $1,600 | ||
Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango[14][n 2](Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kongo) | Kinshasa | Congolese franc | Faransanci | 2,344,858 | 63,655,000 | $774 | ||
Jibuti[15](Jamhuriyar Jibuti) | Jibuti | Franc sefar Jibute | Larabci,Fransanci | 23,200 | 496,374 | $2,070 | ||
Misra[16][n 3](Jamhuriyar Misra) | Kairo | dalan MIsra | larabci | 1,001,449 | 80,335,036 | $4,836 | ||
Gini Ikwatoriya[17](Jamhuriyar Gini Ikwatoriya) | Malabo | CFA franc sefar Afirka ta tsakiya | Spanianci,Faransanci,Portuguese | 28,051 | 504,000 | $50,200 | ||
Iritiriya[18](Jihar Iritiriya) | Asmara | Nakfa | None at national level | 117,600 | 4,401,000 | $1,000 | ||
Itofiya[19](Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Itofiya) | Addis Ababa | Birr | Amhari | 1,104,300 | 75,067,000 | $823 | ||
Gabon[20](Jamhuriyar Gabon) | Libreville | Central African CFA franc | Fransanci | 267,668 | 1,384,000 | $7,055 | ||
Gambiya[21](Jamhuriyar Gambiya) | Banjul | Dalasi | Ingelishi | 10,380 | 1,517,000 | $2002 | ||
Ghana[22](Jamhuriyar Ghana) | Accra | cedi na Ghana | Ingelishi | 238,534 | 23,000,000 | $2,700 | ||
Gine[23](Jamhuriyar Gine) | Conakry | franc na Gine ( sefa) | Faransanci | 245,857 | 9,402,000 | $2,035 | ||
Gine-Bisau[24](Jamhuriyar Gine-Bisau) | Bissau | CFA franc ( sefar yammaci Afirka | Portuguese | 36,125 | 1,586,000 | $736 | ||
Kenya[25](Jamhuriyar Kenya) | Nairobi | shilling na Kenya | Swahili,Ingelishi | 580,367 | 34,707,817 | $1,445 | ||
Lesotho[26](Masarautar Lesotho) | Maseru | Loti | Southern Sotho,Ingelishi | 30,355 | 1,795,000 | $2,113 | ||
Laberiya[27](Jamhuriyar Laberiya) | Monrovia | dollar na liberiya | INgelishi | 111,369 | 3,283,000 | $1,003 | ||
Libya[28](Jamahiriyar Libya) | Tripoli | dinar in Libya | Larabci | 1,759,540 | 6,036,914 | $12,700 | ||
Madagaskar[29](Jamhuriyar Madagaskar) | Antananarivo | Malagasy ariary | Malagasy,Faransanci,Ingelishi | 587,041 | 18,606,000 | $905 | ||
Madeira(Portugal)[n 4] | Funchal | Euro | Portuguese | 828 | 245,806 | N/A | ||
Malawi[30](Jamhuriyar Malawi) | Lilongwe | kwacha in malawi | Ingelishi,Chichewa | 118,484 | 12,884,000 | $596 | ||
Mali[31](Jamhuriyar Mali) | Bamako | CFA franc ( sefar yammaci Afirka) | Faransanci | 1,240,192 | 13,518,000 | $1,154 | ||
Muritaniya[32](Jamhuriyar Musuluncin Muritaniya) | Nouakchott | ouguiya Muritaniya | Larabci | 1,030,700 | 3,069,000 | $2,402 | ||
Moris[33](Jamhuriyar Mauritius) | Port Louis | Mauritian rupee | Ingelishi | 2,040 | 1,219,220 | $13,703 | ||
Mayotte[34](France)[n 5] | Mamoudzou | Euro | yaren Faransanci|Faransanci | 374 | 186,452 | 2,600 | ||
Melilla(Spain)[n 1](Autonomous City of Melilla) | N/A | Euro | Spanianci | 20 | 72,000 | N/A | ||
Moroko[35](Masarautar Moroko) | Rabat | Moroccan dirham | Larabci | 446,550 | 33,757,175 | $4,600 | ||
Mozambik[36](Jamhuriyar Mozambik) | Maputo | metical Mozambique | Portuguese | 801,590 | 20,366,795 | $1,389 | ||
Namibiya[37](Jamhuriyar Namibia) | Windhoek | dollar na Namibiya | Ingelishi | 825,418 | 2,031,000 | $7,478 | ||
Nijar[38](Jamhuriyar Nijar) | Yame | West African CFA franc | Faransanci,Hausa | 1,267,000 | 13,957,000 | $872 | ||
Najeriya[39](taraiyar Jamhuriyar Nijeriya) | Abuja | Naira | Turanci,Hausa,Yarbanci,Igbo | 923,768 | 185,530,000 | $1,188 | ||
Kwango[40][n 6](Jamhuriyar Kwango) | Fayil:Flag of the Jamhuriyar Kongo.svg | Brazzaville | Central African CFA franc | Faransanci | 342,000 | 3,999,000 | $1,369 | |
Réunion(France)[n 5] | Saint-Denis | Euro | Faransanci | 2,512 | 793,000 | N/A | ||
Rwanda[41](Jamhuriyar Rwanda) | Kigali | franc na Rwanda | Kinyarwanda,Faransanci,Ingelishi | 26,798 | 7,600,000 | $1,300 | ||
Saint Helena[42] | Jamestown | pound na Saint Helena | Ingelishi | 3,926 | 4,250 | N/A | ||
Sao Tome da Prinsipe[43](Jamhuriyar Dimokradiya São Tomé da Prínsip) | São Tomé | São Tomé and Príncipe Dobra | Portuguese | 964 | 157,000 | $1,266 | ||
Senegal[44](Jamhuriyar Senegal) | Dakar | West African CFA franc | Faransanci | 196,723 | 11,658,000 | $1,759 | ||
Seychelles[45](Jamhuriyar Seychelles) | Victoria | Seychellois rupee | Ingelishi,Faransanci,Seychellois Creole | 451 | 80,654 | $11,818 | ||
Saliyo[46](Jamhuriyar Saliyo) | Freetown | Leone | Ingelishi | 71,740 | 6,144,562 | $903 | ||
Somaliya[47](Jamhuriyar Somali) | Mogadishu | shilling na Somali | Somali | 637,661 | 17,700,000 | $6,241 | ||
Afirka ta kudu[48](Jamhuriyar Afirka ta kudu) | Pretoria(executive) Bloemfontein(judicial) Cape Town(legislative) |
South African rand | Afrikaans,Ingelishi,Southern Ndebele,Northern Sotho,[yaren [Sotho|Sotho]],Swati,Tsonga,Tswana,Venda,Xhosa,Zulu | 1,221,037 | 47,432,000 | $12,161 | ||
Sudan[49](Jamhuriyar Sudan) | Khartoum | pound na Sudan | Larabci,Ingelishi | 2,505,813 | 36,992,490 | $2,522 | ||
Swaziland[50](masarautar Swaziland) | Lobamba(royal and legislative) Mbabane(administrative) |
Lilangeni | Ingelishi,Swati | 17,364 | 1,032,000 | $5,245 | ||
Tanzania[51](Taraiyar jamhuriyar Tanzania) | Dar es Salaam(traditional capital) Dodoma(legislative) |
Tanzanian shilling | Swahili,Ingelishi | 945,087 | 37,849,133 | $723 | ||
Togo[52](Jamhuriyar Togo) | Lomé | CFA franc(sefar yammacin Afirka | Faransanci | 56,785 | 6,100,000 | $1,700 | ||
Tunisiya[53](Jamhuriyar Tunisia) | Tunis | dinar na Tunisia | Larabci | 163,610 | 10,102,000 | $8,800 | ||
Uganda[54](Jamhuriyar Uganda) | Kampala | shilling Ugandan | Ingelishi,Swahili | 236,040 | 27,616,000 | $1,700 | ||
Yammacin Sahara(Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Larabawa Sahrawi)[n 7] | El Aaiún(Moroccan),Bir Lehlou(temporary)[n 8] | Moroccan dirham | N/A.[n 9] | 267,405 | 266,000 | N/A | ||
Zambia[55](Jamhuriyar Zambia) | Lusaka | kwacha na Zambia | Ingelishi | 752,614 | 11,668,000 | $931 | ||
Zimbabwe[56](Jamhuriyar Zimbabwe) | Harare | dollar na Zimbabwe | Shona,Ndebele,Ingelishi | 390,757 | 13,010,000 | $2,607 |
Manazarta
[gyara sashe|gyara masomin]- ↑"The World Factbook: Aljir".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2012-09-30.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Angola".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-05-06.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Benin".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-09-18.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Botswana".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-10-15.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Burkina Faso".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2019-09-06.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Burundi".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-12-24.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Cameroon".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-05-15.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑8.08.1"The World Factbook: Spain".CIADirectorate of Intelligence.2008-05-16.Archived fromthe originalon 2009-05-13.Retrieved2008-05-16.Check date values in:
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(help) - ↑"The World Factbook: Cape Verde".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-08-31.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Central African Republic".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2019-05-07.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Chad".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-04-24.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Komoros".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-12-23.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Cote d'Ivoire".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-08-31.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Kongo, dimokuradiyya".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-12-28.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Djibouti".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-05-04.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Egypt".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-12-24.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Equatorial Guinea".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-08-31.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Eritrea".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-05-15.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Ethiopia".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-12-15.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Gabon".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2008-12-10.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Gambia, The".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-04-24.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Ghana".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-08-31.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Guinea".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-09-19.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Guinea-Bissau".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2010-12-28.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Kenya".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-08-31.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Lesotho".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-06-12.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Liberia".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-08-31.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Libya".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2016-12-24.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Madagascar".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2011-08-17.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Mali".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-11-10.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Mali".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-11-10.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Mauritania".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-12-24.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Mauritius".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-12-11.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Mayotte".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2012-09-21.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Morocco".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-12-18.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Mozambique".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-08-31.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Namibia".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-04-23.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Nijar".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-06-08.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Nigeria".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2019-03-29.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: congo, Republic of the".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-08-31.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Rwanda".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-12-24.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Saint Helena".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2010-12-28.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Sao Tome and Principe".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-09-18.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Senegal".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-08-31.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Seychelles".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2008-02-13.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Sierra Leone".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-10-16.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Somalia".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2016-07-01.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: South Africa".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-06-21.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Sudan".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2019-02-05.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Swaziland".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-12-15.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Tanzania".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-11-27.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Togo".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-08-31.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Tunisia".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2012-10-16.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Uganda".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-10-18.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Zambia".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-04-24.Retrieved2008-06-12.
- ↑"The World Factbook: Zimbabwe".CIADirectorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-04-16.Retrieved2008-06-12.
Wikimedia Commons on Afirka
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