Harshen Makhuwa
Harshen Makhuwa | |
---|---|
'Yan asalin magana | 7,430,000 |
Baƙaƙen boko | |
Lamban rijistar harshe | |
ISO 639-3 |
vmw |
Glottolog |
maku1279 [1] |
Makhuwa | |
---|---|
Emakuana | |
'Yan asalin ƙasar | Mozambique,Tanzania |
Ƙabilar | Makua |
Masu magana da asali
|
Miliyan 8.6 (2017)[2] |
Nijar-Congo?
| |
Latin | |
Lambobin harshe | |
ISO 639-3 | Bambance-bambance:vmw - Makhuwamgh na Tsakiya - Makhuwa-Meettovmk - Makhuwa -Shirimakzn - Kokolallb - Lolomny - Manyawavmr - Marenjetke - Takwanexsq "rel=" mw:WikiLink/Interwiki "title=" iso639-3:xmc ">xmc - Makhuwa |
Glottolog | maku1279 Makua-Lomwe;ya kara da Lomwe &MonigaChuwabo;ya kara Chuwabokoko1267 Kokolamany1259 Manyawa |
P.31 [3]
|
Makhuwa(Emakhuwa:kuma ana rubutaMakuadaMacua) shine Harshen Bantu na farko na arewacinMozambique.[4]Mutanen Makua miliyan huɗu ne ke magana da shi,waɗanda ke zaune a arewacinKogin Zambezi,musamman aLardin Nampula,wanda kusan dukkanin kabilanci ne na Makua.Ita ce yaren asalin ƙasar da aka fi magana da ita aMozambique.
Baya ga harsuna a cikin wannan rukuni na,Makhuwaya bambanta da sauran harsunan Bantu ta hanyar asarar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadadden + wasula don goyon bayan e; kwatantaepula',"ruwa", tare daTswanapula.
Tsawon da gajerun wasula suna rarrabe halaye biyar /i e a o u/, wanda ba a saba gani ba ga yaren Bantu:
- Omala- don gama,
- Omaala- don mannewa, tsayawa
- Omela- don tsiro, bud
- omeela- don raba
Harshen sun fi rikitarwa:ptt datthsun wanzu, ana amfani da p daph.Dukkanin 'x'(Turanci "sh") da h sun wanzyayin da x ya bambanta da s. Yankin, akwai kumang">θ (" th "na Turanci" thorn "),ð( "th" ya Turanci "seethe" ), z da ng. Mis[5]a cikin eLomwe, wanda Makhuwa ke da alaƙa da shi, tt na eMakhuwa yana wakiltar "ch" kamar yadda yake a cikin "coci" na Turanci.
Fasahar sauti
[gyara sashe|gyara masomin]Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi
[gyara sashe|gyara masomin]Labari | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Gishiri | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | ba tare da murya ba | p | t | Sanya | c | k | ||
da ake nema | ph | th | Sanya | kh | ||||
Fricative | ba tare da murya ba | f | s | ʃ | h | |||
murya | v | (θ) ~ð | z | |||||
Hanci | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||
Hanyar gefen | l | ʎ | ||||||
Trill | r | |||||||
Kusanci | w | j |
Sautin sautin
[gyara sashe|gyara masomin]A gaba | Tsakiya | Komawa | |
---|---|---|---|
Kusa | i iː | u uː | |
Tsakanin | eːda kuma | o oː | |
Bude | a aː |
Sauti
[gyara sashe|gyara masomin]A cikin Makhuwa, sautin ya bambanta. A cikin yaren eNahara, akwai sautuna biyu, ƙasa (L) da sama (H), kuma sautin da ke ɗauke da sautin a cikin ilimin Makhuwa shine mora. Sautin da ba a yi masa alama ba a rubuce, yayin da sautin da ya fi girma yana nunawa ta hanyar karin magana a sama da wasula ko hanci (á, ń) ko kusa da sautin sautin ('l).
Manazarta
[gyara sashe|gyara masomin]- ↑Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017)."Harshen Makhuwa".Glottolog 3.0.Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑Central MakhuwaatEthnologue(26th ed., 2023)
Makhuwa-MeettoatEthnologue(26th ed., 2023)
Makhuwa-ShirimaatEthnologue(26th ed., 2023)
KokolaatEthnologue(26th ed., 2023)
LoloatEthnologue(26th ed., 2023)
ManyawaatEthnologue(26th ed., 2023)
(Additional references under 'Language codes' in the information box) - ↑Jouni Filip Maho, 2009.New Updated Guthrie List Online
- ↑Relatório do I Seminário sobre a Padronização da Ortografia de Línguas Moçambicanas.NELIMO, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, 1989.
- ↑Relatório do I Seminário sobre a Padronização da Ortografia de Línguas Moçambicanas.NELIMO, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, 1989.