Radiodiffusion

Radiodiffusion
instantia de:product distribution method[*],type of mass media[*],academic major[*],economic activity[*]
subclasse de:programming and broadcasting activities[*],public disclosing[*],radiocommunication service[*]
Commons:Broadcasting

Radiodiffusion(etiam note simplmente comoradio,ablatinoradius"barra del rota, radio de lumine" ) esse le transmission de signales de modulation deundas electromagneticconfrequentiassub illos dellumine visibile.Radio o radiotelegraphia esseva nominate al initio "telegraphia sin filo".Le radiation electromagnetic propoga percampos electromagneticque pote transversar le aere e levacuospatial. Information pote esser transmittite permodularsystematicamente alcun characteristica del undas radiate: pro exemplo,amplitude,frequentia,phase,o grandor del pulso. Quando undas radio pasa unconductorelectric, le campos undulante induce un currente electric in le conductor. Le processo dedemodulationesse le detection e le transformation del radios a sono o altere signalos.

Stationes radio usa le propagation de undas radio pro transmitter programmas sonic; iste radios usualmente usamodulation de amplitudeomodulation de frequentia.Le parolaradiodiffusionesse le nomine del transmission.Televisionetiam usa undas radio pro transmitter le video e le sono de un programma.

Invention

Teslademonstrante transmissiones sin filos durante su lection super alte frequentias e potential de 1891. Post ulterior recercas, Tesla presentava le fundamentos del radio in 1893.

In 1893, in St. Louis, Missouri,Nikola Teslafabricava dispositivos pro su experimentos con electricitate.Ille initialmente ha experimentate con receptores magnetic, non comocoheritores(dispositivos de detection consistente de tubos con ferro que esseva inventate perTemistocle Calzecchi-OnestideFermoinItaliain 1884) usate perGuglielmo Marconie altere precedente experimentatores.

In 1895Alexander Stepanovič Popovha construite su prime receptor de radio, que contineva uncoheritor.

Commercialisation

In 1896, Marconi esseva premiate con le patente britannic 12039,Improvements in transmitting electrical impulses and signals and in apparatus there-for,pro le radio. In 1897, il ha stabilite un station radio in le insulaIsle of Wight,Anglaterra.

Marconi esseva creditate con le invention del radio, ma in 1943, pro motivos politic connexe al processo delStatos Unite de Americacontra Marconi super infraction a patentes durante lePrime Guerra Mundial,le Corte Supreme del SUA decideva que le patente de radio numero 645.576 de Tesla es le prime.

Usages

Telephone HeraldinBudapest,Hungaria(1901).

Le prime usage commercial esseva maritime, usate pro mandar messages cifrate incodice Morseinter naves, e inter naves e terra. Alcun usages notabile ante su adoption large include su usage per leFlotta Japanesecontra le flotta Russe in leBattalia de Tsushimain1905,e le communication inter leRMS Titanice le litore durante de su affundation in1912.

Su adoption general initiava con lePrime Guerra Mundial;Germaniausava radio pro su messages diplomatic quando il esseva discoperite que Britannia ha ascoltate su cablos subaquatic. LeDecequatre Punctosdel Statos Unite de America esseva transmittite a Germania per radio.

Le prime transmissor private esseva inSan Jose, Californiain1909,e esseva facibile in leannos 1920con le introduction large del receptores de radio inEuropae le SUA. Letransmission de puncto a punctoesseva usate pro le transmission de messagestelephonicin iste decennio. In iste decennio etiam esseva inventateradar,le usage de undas radio pro locar e identificar cosas comonaveseaviones.

Bibliographia

• Aitkin Hugh G. J.The Continuous Wave: Technology and the American Radio, 1900-1932(Princeton University Press, 1985).
• Briggs Asa.The History of Broadcasting in the United Kingdom(Oxford University Press, 1961).
• De Forest, Lee.Father of Radio: The Autobiography of Lee de Forest(1950).
• Ewbank Henry and Lawton Sherman P.Broadcasting: Radio and Television(Harper & Brothers, 1952).
• Fisher, MarcSomething In The Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped A Generation(Random House, 2007).
• Leland I. Anderson (ed.), "John Stone Stone, Nikola Tesla's Priority in Radio and Continuous-Wave Radiofrequency Apparatus".The Antique Wireless Review, Vol. 1. 1986. 24 pages, illustrated.
• Lewis, Tom,Empire of the Air: The Men Who Made Radio,1st ed., New York: E. Burlingame Books, 1991.ISBN 0-06-018215-6."Empire of the Air: The Men Who Made Radio"(1992) byKen Burnswas a PBS documentary based on the book.
• Maclaurin W. Rupert.Invention and Innovation in the Radio Industry(The Macmillan Company, 1949).
• Ray William B.FCC: The Ups and Downs of Radio-TV Regulation(Iowa State University Press, 1990).
• Russo, Alexan der.Points on the Dial: Golden Age Radio Beyond the Networks(Duke University Press; 2010) 278 pages; discusses regional and local radio as forms that "complicate" the image of the medium as a national unifier from the 1920s to the 1950s.
• Scannell, Paddy, and Cardiff, David.A Social History of British Broadcasting, Volume One, 1922-1939(Basil Blackwell, 1991).
• Schwoch James.The American Radio Industry and Its Latin American Activities, 1900-1939(University of Illinois Press, 1990).
• Sterling Christopher H.Electronic Media, A Guide to Trends in Broadcasting and Newer Technologies 1920-1983(Praeger, 1984).
• White Llewellyn.The American Radio(University of Chicago Press, 1947).
• Ulrich L. Rohde, Jerry Whitaker "Communications Receivers, Third Edition", McGraw Hill, New York, NY, 2001,ISBN 0-07-136121-9.

Ligamines externe

General

• (anglese)Rubin, Richard.It's Radi-O!The Atlantic Monthly; januario 1998.

Historia

• (anglese)U.S. Supreme Court, "Marconi Wireless Telegraph co. of America v. United States".320 U.S. 1. Nos. 369, 373. Arguite9-12 de april,1943. Decidite21 de junio1943.
• (anglese)Horzepa, Stan, "Surfin': Who Invented Radio?"Arrl.org. 10 October 2003.
• (anglese)Steven Schoenherr's History of RadioArchived2008-05-09 at theWayback Machine
• (anglese)The Broadcast Archive - Radio History on the Web!
• (anglese)Canadian Communications Foundation - The History on Canadian Broadcasting.
• (anglese)United States Early Radio History
• (anglese)Historic Radios from Around the World at Kurrajong Radio Museum, Australia
• (anglese)Early Canadian Radio Station Lists
• (anglese)United States Early Radio History

Antiquitates

• (anglese)George H. Clark Radioana Collection, ca. 1880 - 1950- Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
• (anglese)A gallery of Antiques from the 1920s to the 1960s

Technic

• (anglese)Radio Frequency ChartArchived2007-12-13 at theWayback Machinecommandline.net.
• (anglese)Interactive Explanation of Radio Receiver ConstructionArchived2008-01-07 at theWayback Machine
• (anglese)How Stuff Works - Radio
• (anglese)VOR Basic InformationArchived2012-04-16 at theWayback Machine
• (anglese)Dr. Phil's Receiver DesignsSingle-Triode and Single-Transistor Regenerative Radio Designs

Bibliographia

• (portugese)[https://web.archive.org/web/20070929011703/http://pagina.vizzavi.pt/~nc22723a/radio.htm Archived2007-09-29 at theWayback MachineA História da Rádio em Datas (1819-1997)- notas re su etymologia
• Leigh White,Buck Fuller and the Dymaxion World(refere a Waldo Warren como inventor del parolaradio), in: The Saturday Evening Post, 14 October 1944; citate in: Joachim Krausse e Claude Lichtenstein (eds.),Your Private Sky,Lars Müller Publishers, Baden/Switzerland, 1999, pagina 132.ISBN 3-907044-88-6
• L. de Forest, articulo in Electrical World 22 junio 1270/1 (1907), uso precoce del parola "radio".
• http://web.mit.edu/varun_ag/www/bose.htmlArchived2008-04-15 at theWayback Machine- Isto contine un prova que Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose inventava le coheritor de mercurio que esseva usate plus tarde per Guglielmo Marconi e insimul con altere patentes.
• Cheney, Margaret (1981).Tesla - Man Out of Time.New York: Simon & Schuster.ISBN 978-0743215367.