Asa Gray

Asa Gray
Lahir	(1810-11-18)18 November 1810 Sauquoit, New York
Meninggal	30 Januari 1888(1888-01-30)(umur 77) Cambridge, Massachusetts
Kebangsaan	Amerika Serikat
Karier ilmiah
Bidang	Botani
Terinspirasi	Amos Eaton Charles Darwin
Tanda tangan

Asa Gray(18 November 1810 – 20 Januari 1888) adalahbotanisAmerika paling berpengaruh pada abad ke-19.

Gray menjadi profesor botaniUniversitas Harvardselama beberapa dekade.

Kehidupan awal dan pendidikan

Gray lahir diSauquoit, New Yorkpada 18 November 1810

Karya

• Gray, Asa (1837).A Natural System of Botany.American.doi:10.5962/bhl.title.708.
• Gray, Asa; Torrey, John (1838–1843).A Flora of North America.I & II. New York: Wiley & Putnam.doi:10.5962/bhl.title.9466.
• Gray, Asa; Sullivant, William Starling (1848).A Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States.Boston: James Munroe and Company.doi:10.5962/bhl.title.10392.
• Gray, Asa; Wright, Charles (1852–1853).Plantae Wrightianae Texano – Neo-Mexicanae.1&2.Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution.
• Gray, Asa (1857).First Lessons in Botany and Vegetable Physiology.New York: Ivison and Phinney.
• Gray, Asa (1858).How Plants Grow: A Simple Introduction to Structural Botany.New York: American Book Company.
• Gray, Asa (1862).Introduction to Structural and Systematic Botany and Vegetable Physiology.New York: Phinney & Company.doi:10.5962/bhl.title.3964.
• Gray, Asa (1872).How Plants Behave.New York: Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co.
• Gray, Asa (1876).Darwiniana: Essays and Reviews Pertaining to Darwinism.New York: Appleton & Company.doi:10.5962/bhl.title.19483.LCCN04005631.OCLC774014.
• Gray, Asa (1878–1897).Synoptical Flora of North America.New York: American Book Company.doi:10.5962/bhl.title.10847.
• Gray, Asa (1879).Gray's Botanical Text-book.I & II. New York: American Book Company.doi:10.5962/bhl.title.1355.
• Gray, Asa; Hooker, Joseph Dalton (1880)."The Vegetation of the Rocky Mountain Region, and A Comparison With That of Other Parts of the World".Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories.Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office.VI(1): 1–77.
• Gray, Asa (1887).Gray's School and Field Book of Botany.New York: American Book Company.doi:10.5962/bhl.title.55588.
• Gray, Asa (1888).Synoptical Flora of North America: The Gamopetalae.I, pt. II, and II, pt. I (edisi ke-2). Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.doi:10.5962/bhl.title.1520.

Daftar pustaka

• Alexander, Denis R.; Numbers, Ronald L. (2010).Biology and Ideology from Descartes to Dawkins.Chicago: University of Chicago Press.ISBN978-0-226-60840-2.
• Boufford, D. E.; Spongberg, S. A. (1983)."Eastern Asian – Eastern North American Phytogeographical Relationships – A History From The Time of Linnaeus To The Twentieth Century".Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden.70.doi:10.2307/2992081.
• Browne, Janet (2010)."Asa Gray and Charles Darwin: Corresponding Naturalists"(PDF).Harvard Papers in Botany.15(2): 209–220.doi:10.3100/025.015.0204.
• Crafts, Edward Clayton; Ellison, Lincoln (1938).A Selected Bibliography on Management of Western Ranges, Livestock, and Wildlife.United States Department of Agriculture.
• Darwin, Charles (25 April 1855)."Letter 1674, Darwin Correspondence Project".Surat untuk Asa Gray.Diakses tanggalJanuary 9,2015.
• Darwin, Charles (22 Januari 1860)."Letter 2814, Darwin Correspondence Project".Surat untuk Asa Gray.Diakses tanggalJanuary 1,2015.
• Darwin, Charles (32 Januari 1878)."Letter 11330, Darwin Correspondence Project".Surat untuk Asa Gray.Diakses tanggalJanuary 1,2015.
• Darwin, Charles (7 Mei 1879)."Letter 12041, Darwin Correspondence Project".Surat untuk John Fordyce.Diakses tanggalJanuary 1,2015.
• Darwin, Charles (29 Januari 1881)."Letter 13031, Darwin Correspondence Project".Surat untuk Asa Gray.Diakses tanggalJanuary 1,2015.
• Darwin, Charles (1888). Darwin, Francis, ed.The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin.London: John Murray, Albemarle Street.
• Deane, Walter (1888)."Asa Gray".Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club.XV(3).JSTOR2476862.Diarsipkan dariversi aslitanggal 2014-11-10.Diakses tanggal2015-12-24.
• Donnelly, Walter A. (1958).The University of Michigan: An Encyclopedic Survey, Pt 8.Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
• Dupree, A. Hunter (1988).Asa Gray, American Botanist, Friend of Darwin.Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.ISBN978-0-801-83741-8.
• Farlow, W. G."Memoir of Asa Gray 1810–1888"(PDF).National Academy of Sciences.Diakses tanggal18 Januari2015.
• Gannett, Henry (1905).The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States.258(edisi ke-2). Washington, DC: United States Geological Survey.
• Gray, Asa (1876).Darwiniana: Essays and Reviews Pertaining to Darwinism.New York: Appleton & Company.doi:10.5962/bhl.title.19483.LCCN04005631.OCLC774014.
• Gray, Jane Loring (1894).Letters of Asa Gray.New York: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co.
• Herwick III, Edgar B. (October 16, 2014)."142-Year-Old Trees Cut Down In Cambridge".WGBH News.Diakses tanggalOctober 21,2014.
• Holmgren, Noel H."Grayia)".eFloras.Diakses tanggal31 Januari2015.
• Jenkins, Charles F. (1942). "Asa Gray and his Quest forShortia galacifolia".Arnoldia.2(3 & 4).JSTOR42953488.
• Love, Rhoda M. (Fall 1998)."Wilhelm Nikolaus Suksdorf (1850–1932) Pioneer Botanist of the Pacific Northwest"(PDF).Pacific Northwest Quarterly.Diarsipkan dariversi asli(PDF)tanggal 2016-03-04.Diakses tanggal2015-12-24.
• Linden, Blanche M. G. (2007).Silent City on a Hill: Picturesque Landscapes of Memory and Boston's Mount Auburn Cemetery.Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.ISBN978-1-55849-571-5.
• Matthews, Brander (January 1904)."Concerning the Quatrain".The Lamp.27:589.
• Miles, Sara Joan (September 2001)."Charles Darwin and Asa Gray Discuss Teleology and Design".PSCF (American Scientific Affiliation).53.
• Moore, Randy (2002).Evolution in the Courtroom: A Reference Guide.Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO.ISBN1-57607-421-8.
• Moore, G.; Macklin, J.; DeCesare, L. (2010). "A Brief History of Asa Gray's Manual of Botany".Harvard Papers in Botany.15(2): 277–286.doi:10.3100/025.015.0207.
• Pitcher, Zina (1856).Laws and Regulations of the American Medical Association, With a Sketch of Detroit, and a Brief History of the University of Michigan, and of the Development of the Resources of the State.Detroit: R. F. Johnstone & Company.
• Senning, Alexander (2007).Elsevier's Dictionary of Chemoetymology.Amsterdam: Elsevier.ISBN978-0-444-52239-9.
• Smith, Daniel A. (October 5, 2014)."God's Beloved Yellowwoods".First Church In Cambridge. Diarsipkan dariversi aslitanggal 2015-12-24.Diakses tanggalMarch 29,2015.
• Torrey, Eliza Shaw (1988). "On the Trail of John Torrey, #10".Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club.15(3).JSTOR2995959.
• Wen, Jun (1999). "Evolution of Eastern Asian and Eastern North American Disjunct Distributions in Flowering Plants".Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics.30:421–455.doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.30.1.421.JSTOR221691.
• Zeller, Suzanne (1994)."Penhallow, David Pearce".Dictionary of Canadian Biography.
• "Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913)".The Linnean Society of London. Diarsipkan dariversi aslitanggal 2015-01-02.Diakses tanggal1 Januari2015.
• "Asa Gray".Darwin Correspondence Project.Diakses tanggal9 Januari2015.
• "Asa Gray".Darwin Correspondence Project. Diarsipkan dariversi aslitanggal 2012-05-04.Diakses tanggal18 Januari2015.
• "Asa Gray".Encyclopaedia Britannica.September 30, 2013. 242613.Diakses tanggal9 Januari2015.
• "Asa Gray".Litchfield Historical Society.Diakses tanggal31 Desember2014.
• "Asa Gray".University of Michigan.Diakses tanggal3 Januari2015.
• "Asa Gray Award".American Society of Plant Taxonomists. 18 Februari 2012. Diarsipkan dariversi aslitanggal 2014-12-31.Diakses tanggal31 Desember2014.
• "Asa Gray House".National Historic Landmark Summary listing.National Park Service.Diakses tanggal5 Januari2015.
• "Biographies of Scientists and Explorers".Southwest Colorado Wildflowers.Diakses tanggal1 Januari2015.
• "Gray Gets Stamp of Approval".Harvard Gazette. 30 Juni 2011.Diakses tanggal31 Desember2014.
• "Gray Herbarium (GH)".Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries.Diakses tanggal4 Januari2015.
• "Gray's Peak".Harvard University Herbaria. 2010. Diarsipkan dariversi aslitanggal 2015-01-06.Diakses tanggal5 Januari2015.
• "Housing – Independent, Assisted Living, Alzheimer's".University of Michigan Geriatrics Center and Institute of Gerontology.Diakses tanggal3 Januari2015.
• "Liberty Hyde Bailey Jr. (1858–1954) Papers".Harvard University Herbaria. Diarsipkan dariversi aslitanggal 2015-04-02.Diakses tanggal8 Maret2015.
• "Lake Helen Public Information City Guide".City of Lake Helen, Florida. Diarsipkan dariversi aslitanggal 2015-02-13.Diakses tanggal31 Desember2014.
• "Mendelsohn Quad".Stony Brook University.Diakses tanggal3 Januari2015.

Bacaan tambahan

• Sargent, Charles Sprague, ed. (1889).Scientific Papers of Asa Gray.I.New York: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.
• Sargent, Charles Sprague, ed. (1889).Scientific Papers of Asa Gray.II.New York: Houghton, Mifflin & Co.

Pranala luar

• Karya tulis oleh atau tentangAsa GraydiWikisource

• Karya Asa GraydiProject Gutenberg
• Karya oleh/tentang Asa GraydiInternet Archive(pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
• Karya Asa GraydiLibriVox(buku suara domain umum)
• Darwin Correspondence ProjectDiarsipkan2007-12-12 diWayback Machine.
• Darwin Correspondence Project – Gray, AsaDiarsipkan2008-01-01 diWayback Machine.
• Harvard Botany Libraries ArchiveDiarsipkan2010-06-22 diWayback Machine.
• National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir