Partai Demokrat Jepang

Partai Demokrat Jepang
Dân chủ đảng
Minshutō
Partai Demokrat Jepang; Dân chủ đảng Minshutō
Presiden	Katsuya Okada
Sekretaris Jenderal	Yukio Edano
Ketua di Dewan Penasihat	Akira Gunji
Ketua di Dewan Perwakilan	Katsuya Okada
Dibentuk	27 April 1998
Dibubarkan	27 Maret 2016
Digabungkan dari	Partai Demokrat (1996); Partai Pemerintahan Baik; Partai Persaudaraan Baru; Partai Reformasi Demokrat;
Didahului oleh	Partai Front Baru
Digabungkan dengan	Partai Demokrat (2016)
Kantor pusat	1-11-1Nagata-cho,Chiyoda,Tokyo100-0014, Jepang
Ideologi	Liberalisme; Liberalisme sosial; Minshu-chūdō(ja)
Posisi politik	Tengahhinggakiri tengah
Afiliasi internasional	Alliance of Democrats(2005–12)
Warna	Merah
Situs web
	www.dpj.or.jp

Partai Demokrat Jepang(Dân chủ đảngcode: ja is deprecated,Minshutō)adalah sebuahpartai politikberporostengahdi Jepang^[6]sejak tahun 1998 hingga 2016.

Partai ini bermula dariPartai Demokrat Jepang,yang didirikan pada bulan September 1996 oleh para politikus berporoskanan tengahdankiri tengahyang berakar dariPartai Demokrat LiberaldanPartai Sosialis Jepang.^[10]ada bulan April 1998, partai DPJ yang sebelumnya bergabung dengan partai sempalan dariPartai Front Baruuntuk mendirikan partai baru sambil tetap mempertahankan nama DPJ.^[11]Pada tahun 2003,Partai LiberalpimpinanIchirō Ozawaikut bergabung.^[8]

Setelahpemilihan umum tahun 2009,DPJ menjadi partai penguasa pada Dewan Perwakilan, mengalahkanPartai Demokrat Liberal(LDP) yang telah lama mendominasi serta merebut jumlah kursi terbanyak diDewan PerwakilandanDewan Penasihat.DPJ dikeluarkan dari pemerintahan oleh LDP padapemilihan umum tahun 2012.Mereka mempertahankan 57 kursi di majelis rendah, dan masih memiliki 88 kursi di majelis tinggi. Selama masa pemerintahannya, DPJ dihadapkan oleh berbagai konflik internal dan berjuang untuk menerapkan banyak kebijakan yang mereka ajukan, hasil yang menurut pakar politik Phillip Lipscy dan Ethan Scheiner simpulkan sebagai "paradoks perubahan politik tanpa perubahan kebijakan".^[12]Produktivitas legislatif di bawah pemerintahan DPJ umumnya tergolong rendah, jatuh ke tingkat yang—menurut beberapa pendapat—belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya dalam sejarah Jepang masa kini.^[13]Namun, DPJ menerapkan sejumlah tindakan progresif selama pemerintahan mereka seperti kebijakan sekolah gratis hingga tingkat sekolah menengah atas, peningkatan subsidi pengasuhan anak,^[14]memperluas cakupan asuransi pengangguran,^[15]perpanjangan durasi tunjangan perumahan,^[16]dan peraturan yang lebih ketat untuk melindungi pekerja paruh waktu dan sementara.^[17]

Pada tanggal 27 Maret 2016, DPJ bergabung denganPartai Inovasi JepangdanVisi Reformasiuntuk membentukPartai Demokrat (2016)(Minshintō).^[18]

Partai ini berbeda denganPartai Demokrat Jepangyang bergabung denganPartai Liberalpada tahun 1955 untuk membentukPartai Demokrat Liberal.Partai ini juga berbeda denganPartai Demokrat lainnya (1947),yang didirikan pada tahun 1947 dan dibubarkan pada tahun 1950.

Lihat juga

Daftar Partai Demokrat

Referensi

^"Everything you need to know about the Japanese stimulus".Washington Post.12 January 2009.Diakses tanggal9 September2020.... and between 2009 and Dec. 26, 2012, when the liberal-leaning Democratic Party of Japan, or DPJ, had a majority. For the 38-year period between 1955 and 1993, it never lost power once.
^"Rise of a New Era in Japan".Wall Street Journal.31 Juli 2009.Diakses tanggal9 September2020.The upstart Democratic Party of Japan and the establishment Liberal Democratic Party share similar positions on a number of issues. But the more-liberal DPJ is pushing an ambitious and expensive domestic spending agenda with an eye toward reigniting Japan's economy.
^Yasutomo, ed. (2014).Japan's Civil-Military Diplomacy: The Banks of the Rubicon.Routledge.The “liberal” DPJ vowed to undo the damage of the “hawkish” LDP, especially in Iraq and Afghanistan.
^Franičević, Vojmir; Kimura, Hiroshi (2003).Globalization, democratization and development: European and Japanese views of change in South East Europe.ISBN 953-157-439-1.Towards the end of the 1990s the social-liberal Minshuto (Democratic Party of Japan, DPJ) consolidated and replaced Shinshinto as a rival of LDP.
^Dân chủ đảng ( nhật bổn )(みんしゅとう(にほん))とは.kotobank.jp(dalam bahasa Jepang).Diakses tanggal8 Februari2020.(dariEncyclopædia Britannicabahasa Jepang)
^^a ^b
Partai Demokrat Jepang digambarkan dengan luas sebagai partai politik poros tengah:
- Scheiner, Ethan (2006).Democracy Without Competition in Japan: Opposition Failure in a One-Party Dominant State.Cambridge University Press. hlm. 43.ISBN 978-0-521-84692-9.
- Johnson, David T.; Zimring, Franklin E. (2009).The Next Frontier: National Development, Political Change, and the Death Penalty in Asia.Oxford University Press. hlm. 93.ISBN 978-0-19-988756-9.
- Ellington, Lucien (2009).Japan.ABC-CLIO. hlm. 90.ISBN 978-1-59884-162-6.
- Koellner, Patrick (2011)."The Democratic Party of Japan".Dalam Gaunder, Alisa.Routledge Handbook of Japanese Politics.Taylor & Francis. hlm. 28.ISBN 978-1-136-81838-7.
- Kesselman, Mark; Krieger, Joel; Joseph, William (2012).Introduction to Comparative Politics.Cengage Learning. hlm. 221.ISBN 978-1-111-83182-0.
- Kingston, Jeff (2012).Contemporary Japan: History, Politics, and Social Change since the 1980s.John Wiley & Sons. hlm. 132.ISBN 978-1-118-31506-4.
- Hughes, Christopher W. (2013).Japan's Economic Power and Security: Japan and North Korea.Routledge. hlm. 16.ISBN 978-1-134-63431-6.
^Inoguchi, Takashi (2012)."1945: Post-Second World War Japan".Dalam Isakhan, Benjamin; Stockwell, Stephen.The Edinburgh Companion to the History of Democracy.Edinburgh University Press. hlm. 308.ISBN 978-0-7486-4075-1.The Democratic Party of Japan is a centre-left party, but it contains a sizeable union-based left wing and some members close to the extreme right.
^^a ^bSchreurs, Miranda (2014)."Japan".Dalam Kopstein, Jeffrey; Lichbach, Mark; Hanson, Stephen E.Comparative Politics: Interests, Identities, and Institutions in a Changing Global Order.Cambridge University Press. hlm. 192.ISBN 978-1-139-99138-4.
^Nhật bổn に định trứ するか, chính đảng のカラー[Will the colors of political parties settle in Japan?].Nikkei, Inc.(dalam bahasa Jepang). 21 Oktober 2017.Diakses tanggal28 Mei2020.
^Uchiyama, Yu (2010)."Leadership Strategies: Redrawing boundaries among and within parties in Japan".Dalam Hook, Glenn D.Decoding Boundaries in Contemporary Japan: The Koizumi Administration and Beyond.Routledge. hlm. 125.ISBN 978-1-136-84099-9.
^Curtis, Gerald L. (1999).The Logic of Japanese Politics: Leaders, Institutions, and the Limits of Change.Columbia University Press. hlm. 193–194.ISBN 978-0-231-50254-2.
^Lipscy, Phillip Y.; Scheiner, Ethan (2012)."Japan under the DPJ: The Paradox of Political Change without Policy Change"(PDF).Journal of East Asian Studies.12(3): 311–322. Diarsipkan dariversi asli(PDF)tanggal 2014-02-22.Diakses tanggal2019-03-14.
^Kushida, Kenji E.; Lipscy, Phillip Y. (2013)."The Rise and Fall of the Democratic Party of Japan"(PDF).Japan Under the DPJ: The Politics of Transition and Governance.Stanford: Brookings/Walter H. Shorenstein Asia Pacific Research Center. Diarsipkan dariversi asli(PDF)tanggal 2016-03-12.Diakses tanggal2019-03-14.
^Japan in Transformation, 1945–2010 (2nd edition) by Jeff Kingston
^Izuhara, M. (2013).Handbook on East Asian Social Policy.Edward Elgar Publishing, Incorporated. hlm. 446.ISBN 9780857930293.
^Miura, M. (2012).Welfare through Work: Conservative Ideas, Partisan Dynamics, and Social Protection in Japan.Cornell University Press. hlm. 153.ISBN 9780801465482.
^Béland, D.; Peterson, K. (2014).Analysing Social Policy Concepts and Language: Comparative and Transnational Perspectives.Policy Press. hlm. 207.ISBN 9781447306443.
^"New opposition party launched with merger of DPJ smaller party".Diarsipkan dariversi aslitanggal 2016-03-27.Diakses tanggal28 Maret2016.

Pranala luar

(Inggris)Situs web resmi

Artikel bertopik politik ini adalah sebuahrintisan.Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia denganmengembangkannya.

[1] "Everything you need to know about the Japanese stimulus".Washington Post.12 January 2009.Diakses tanggal9 September2020.... and between 2009 and Dec. 26, 2012, when the liberal-leaning Democratic Party of Japan, or DPJ, had a majority. For the 38-year period between 1955 and 1993, it never lost power once.

[2] "Rise of a New Era in Japan".Wall Street Journal.31 Juli 2009.Diakses tanggal9 September2020.The upstart Democratic Party of Japan and the establishment Liberal Democratic Party share similar positions on a number of issues. But the more-liberal DPJ is pushing an ambitious and expensive domestic spending agenda with an eye toward reigniting Japan's economy.

[3] Yasutomo, ed. (2014).Japan's Civil-Military Diplomacy: The Banks of the Rubicon.Routledge.The “liberal” DPJ vowed to undo the damage of the “hawkish” LDP, especially in Iraq and Afghanistan.

[4] Franičević, Vojmir; Kimura, Hiroshi (2003).Globalization, democratization and development: European and Japanese views of change in South East Europe.ISBN 953-157-439-1.Towards the end of the 1990s the social-liberal Minshuto (Democratic Party of Japan, DPJ) consolidated and replaced Shinshinto as a rival of LDP.

[5] Dân chủ đảng ( nhật bổn )(みんしゅとう(にほん))とは.kotobank.jp(dalam bahasa Jepang).Diakses tanggal8 Februari2020.(dariEncyclopædia Britannicabahasa Jepang)

[Centrist-6] Partai Demokrat Jepang digambarkan dengan luas sebagai partai politik poros tengah:
Scheiner, Ethan (2006).Democracy Without Competition in Japan: Opposition Failure in a One-Party Dominant State.Cambridge University Press. hlm. 43.ISBN 978-0-521-84692-9.

Johnson, David T.; Zimring, Franklin E. (2009).The Next Frontier: National Development, Political Change, and the Death Penalty in Asia.Oxford University Press. hlm. 93.ISBN 978-0-19-988756-9.

Ellington, Lucien (2009).Japan.ABC-CLIO. hlm. 90.ISBN 978-1-59884-162-6.

Koellner, Patrick (2011)."The Democratic Party of Japan".Dalam Gaunder, Alisa.Routledge Handbook of Japanese Politics.Taylor & Francis. hlm. 28.ISBN 978-1-136-81838-7.

Kesselman, Mark; Krieger, Joel; Joseph, William (2012).Introduction to Comparative Politics.Cengage Learning. hlm. 221.ISBN 978-1-111-83182-0.

Kingston, Jeff (2012).Contemporary Japan: History, Politics, and Social Change since the 1980s.John Wiley & Sons. hlm. 132.ISBN 978-1-118-31506-4.

Hughes, Christopher W. (2013).Japan's Economic Power and Security: Japan and North Korea.Routledge. hlm. 16.ISBN 978-1-134-63431-6.

[7] Scheiner, Ethan (2006).Democracy Without Competition in Japan: Opposition Failure in a One-Party Dominant State.Cambridge University Press. hlm. 43.ISBN 978-0-521-84692-9.

[8] Johnson, David T.; Zimring, Franklin E. (2009).The Next Frontier: National Development, Political Change, and the Death Penalty in Asia.Oxford University Press. hlm. 93.ISBN 978-0-19-988756-9.

[9] Ellington, Lucien (2009).Japan.ABC-CLIO. hlm. 90.ISBN 978-1-59884-162-6.

[10] Koellner, Patrick (2011)."The Democratic Party of Japan".Dalam Gaunder, Alisa.Routledge Handbook of Japanese Politics.Taylor & Francis. hlm. 28.ISBN 978-1-136-81838-7.

[11] Kesselman, Mark; Krieger, Joel; Joseph, William (2012).Introduction to Comparative Politics.Cengage Learning. hlm. 221.ISBN 978-1-111-83182-0.

[12] Kingston, Jeff (2012).Contemporary Japan: History, Politics, and Social Change since the 1980s.John Wiley & Sons. hlm. 132.ISBN 978-1-118-31506-4.

[13] Hughes, Christopher W. (2013).Japan's Economic Power and Security: Japan and North Korea.Routledge. hlm. 16.ISBN 978-1-134-63431-6.

[Inoguchi2012-7] Inoguchi, Takashi (2012)."1945: Post-Second World War Japan".Dalam Isakhan, Benjamin; Stockwell, Stephen.The Edinburgh Companion to the History of Democracy.Edinburgh University Press. hlm. 308.ISBN 978-0-7486-4075-1.The Democratic Party of Japan is a centre-left party, but it contains a sizeable union-based left wing and some members close to the extreme right.

[Schreurs2014-8] Schreurs, Miranda (2014)."Japan".Dalam Kopstein, Jeffrey; Lichbach, Mark; Hanson, Stephen E.Comparative Politics: Interests, Identities, and Institutions in a Changing Global Order.Cambridge University Press. hlm. 192.ISBN 978-1-139-99138-4.

[9] Nhật bổn に định trứ するか, chính đảng のカラー[Will the colors of political parties settle in Japan?].Nikkei, Inc.(dalam bahasa Jepang). 21 Oktober 2017.Diakses tanggal28 Mei2020.

[Uchiyama2010-10] Uchiyama, Yu (2010)."Leadership Strategies: Redrawing boundaries among and within parties in Japan".Dalam Hook, Glenn D.Decoding Boundaries in Contemporary Japan: The Koizumi Administration and Beyond.Routledge. hlm. 125.ISBN 978-1-136-84099-9.

[Curtis1999-11] Curtis, Gerald L. (1999).The Logic of Japanese Politics: Leaders, Institutions, and the Limits of Change.Columbia University Press. hlm. 193–194.ISBN 978-0-231-50254-2.

[12] Lipscy, Phillip Y.; Scheiner, Ethan (2012)."Japan under the DPJ: The Paradox of Political Change without Policy Change"(PDF).Journal of East Asian Studies.12(3): 311–322. Diarsipkan dariversi asli(PDF)tanggal 2014-02-22.Diakses tanggal2019-03-14.

[rise_and_fall-13] Kushida, Kenji E.; Lipscy, Phillip Y. (2013)."The Rise and Fall of the Democratic Party of Japan"(PDF).Japan Under the DPJ: The Politics of Transition and Governance.Stanford: Brookings/Walter H. Shorenstein Asia Pacific Research Center. Diarsipkan dariversi asli(PDF)tanggal 2016-03-12.Diakses tanggal2019-03-14.

[14] Japan in Transformation, 1945–2010 (2nd edition) by Jeff Kingston

[google-15] Izuhara, M. (2013).Handbook on East Asian Social Policy.Edward Elgar Publishing, Incorporated. hlm. 446.ISBN 9780857930293.

[google2-16] Miura, M. (2012).Welfare through Work: Conservative Ideas, Partisan Dynamics, and Social Protection in Japan.Cornell University Press. hlm. 153.ISBN 9780801465482.

[google3-17] Béland, D.; Peterson, K. (2014).Analysing Social Policy Concepts and Language: Comparative and Transnational Perspectives.Policy Press. hlm. 207.ISBN 9781447306443.

[18] "New opposition party launched with merger of DPJ smaller party".Diarsipkan dariversi aslitanggal 2016-03-27.Diakses tanggal28 Maret2016.

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