Sansei
Tampilan
Sansei(Tam thế,"Generasi ketiga" )adalah sebuah istilahJepangdan Inggris Amerika Utara[1]yang dipakai di sebagian belahan dunia sepertiAmerika SelatandanAmerika Utarauntuk menyebut anak dari anak yang lahir dari etnis Jepang di sebuah negara kediaman yang baru.Niseidianggap merupakan generasi kedua, cucu dari imigran kelahiran Jepang yang disebutSanseidan generasi keempatyonsei.[2]Anak dari setidaknya satu orang tuaniseidisebutSansei.Sansei biasanya adalah generasi pertama dimana sebagian besar orangnya adalah ras belasteran, karena orang tua mereka biasanya lahir dan dibesarkan di Amerika sendiri.[3]
Karakter dan keunikansanseidiakui dalam sejarah sosialnya.[4]
Catatan
[sunting|sunting sumber]- ^"Definition of SANSEI".merriam-webster.Diakses tanggal21 April2018.
- ^Dalam penghitangan Jepang, "satu, dua, tiga, empat" adalah "ichi, ni, san, yon" —lihatpenomoran Jepang
- ^Nomura, Gail M. (1998). "Japanese American Women," inThe Reader's Companion to U.S. Women's History(Mankiller, Barbara Smith, ed.), pp. 288-290.,hlm. 288, padaGoogle Books
- ^Numrich, Paul David. (2008). NorthAmerican Buddhists in Social Context,p. 110.
Referensi
[sunting|sunting sumber]- Harth, Erica. (2003).Last Witnesses: Reflections on the Wartime Internment of Japanese Americans.New York: Macmillan.ISBN9780312221997;OCLC 46364694
- Hosokowa, Fumiko. (1978).The Sansei: Social Interaction and Ethnic Identification Among the Third Generation Japanese.San Francisco: R & E Research Associates.ISBN9780882474908;OCLC 4057372
- Itoh, Keiko. (2001).The Japanese Community in Pre-War Britain: From Integration to Disintegration.Richmond, Surrey: Curzon.ISBN9780700714872;OCLC 48937604
- Leslie, Gerald R. and Sheila K. Korman. (1967).The Family in Social Context.New York: Oxford University Press.OCLC 530549
- Makabe, Tomoko. (1998).The Canadian Sansei.Toronto: University of Toronto Press.ISBN9780802041791;ISBN9780802080387;OCLC 39523777
- McLellan, Janet. (1999).Many Petals of the Lotus: Five Asian Buddhist Communities in Toronto.Toronto: University of Toronto Press.ISBN9780802044211;ISBN9780802082251;OCLC 43521129
- Nomura, Gail M. (1998)."Japanese American Women,"inThe Reader's Companion to U.S. Women's History(Mankiller, Barbara Smith, ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.ISBN9780618001828;OCLC 43338598
- Sowell,Thomas. (1981).Ethnic America: A History.New York:Basic Books.ISBN9780465020744;OCLC 7306301
- Takahashi, Jere. (1997).Nisei Sansei: Shifting Japanese American Identities and Politics.Philadelphia: Temple University Press.ISBN9781566395502;OCLC 37180842
- Tamura, Eileen and Roger Daniels. (1994).Americanization, Acculturation, and Ethnic Identity: The Nisei Generation in Hawaii.Urbana: University of Illinois Press.ISBN9780252020315;ISBN9780252063589;OCLC 27383373
- Zweigenhaft, Richard L. and G. William Domhoff. (2006).Diversity in the Power Elite: How it Happened, Why it Matters.Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield.ISBN9780742536982;ISBN9780742536999;OCLC 62281556
Further reading
[sunting|sunting sumber]- Gehrie, Mark Joshua. (1973).Sansei: An Ethnography of Experience(Ph.D. thesis, Anthropology). Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University.OCLC 71849646
- Kaihara, Rodney and Patricia Morgan. (1973).Sansei Experience.San Fullerton, Calif.: Oral History Program, California State University, Fullerton.OCLC 23352676
- Oana, Leilani Kyoko. (1984).Ethnocultural Identification in Sansei (Third Generation Japanese American) Females: An Evaluation of Alternative Measures(M.A. thesis). Washington, D.C.: George Washington University.OCLC 12726534
- Okamura, Randall F. (1978).The Contemporary Sansei(M.A. thesis, Community Development and Public Service). San Francisco: Lone Mountain College.OCLC 13182634
- Tanaka, Shaun Naomi. (2003).Ethnic Identity in the Absence of Propinquity Sansei and the Transformation of the Japanese-Canadian Community(M.A. thesis). Kingston, Ontario: Queen's University Press.OCLC 60673221
Pranala luar
[sunting|sunting sumber]- Japanese American National Museum;JANM generational teasDiarsipkan2010-12-24 diWayback Machine.
- Embassy of JapanDiarsipkan2019-02-16 diWayback Machine.inWashington, DC
- Japanese American Citizens League
- Japanese Cultural & Community CenterofNorthern California
- Japanese American Community and Cultural CenterofSouthern California
- Japanese American Historical Society
- Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project
- Japanese American MuseumofSan Jose, California
- Japanese American Network
- Japanese-American's own companies in USA
- Japanese American Relocation Digital ArchivesDiarsipkan2002-11-25 diWayback Machine.
- Online Archive of the Japanese American Relocation during World War II
- Photo Exhibit of Japanese American communityinFlorida
- Nikkei FederationDiarsipkan2011-05-12 diWayback Machine.
- Discover Nikkei
- Summary of a panel discussion on changing Japanese American identities
- The War: Fighting for Democracy: Japanese AmericansDiarsipkan2010-03-10 diWayback Machine.
- “The War Relocation Centers of World War II: When Fear Was Stronger than Justice”,a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
- U.S. Government interned Japanese from Latin America